Before Peer Production: Infrastructure Gaps and the Architecture of Openness in Synthetic Biology
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Red Hat Satellite 6.7 Provisioning Guide
Red Hat Satellite 6.7 Provisioning Guide A guide to provisioning physical and virtual hosts on Red Hat Satellite Servers. Last Updated: 2021-05-14 Red Hat Satellite 6.7 Provisioning Guide A guide to provisioning physical and virtual hosts on Red Hat Satellite Servers. Red Hat Satellite Documentation Team [email protected] Legal Notice Copyright © 2021 Red Hat, Inc. The text of and illustrations in this document are licensed by Red Hat under a Creative Commons Attribution–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license ("CC-BY-SA"). An explanation of CC-BY-SA is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ . In accordance with CC-BY-SA, if you distribute this document or an adaptation of it, you must provide the URL for the original version. Red Hat, as the licensor of this document, waives the right to enforce, and agrees not to assert, Section 4d of CC-BY-SA to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, the Red Hat logo, JBoss, OpenShift, Fedora, the Infinity logo, and RHCE are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Linux ® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries. Java ® is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. XFS ® is a trademark of Silicon Graphics International Corp. or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. MySQL ® is a registered trademark of MySQL AB in the United States, the European Union and other countries. -
Emacspeak — the Complete Audio Desktop User Manual
Emacspeak | The Complete Audio Desktop User Manual T. V. Raman Last Updated: 19 November 2016 Copyright c 1994{2016 T. V. Raman. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual without charge provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Short Contents Emacspeak :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1 Copyright ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 2 Announcing Emacspeak Manual 2nd Edition As An Open Source Project ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 3 Background :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 4 4 Introduction ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 6 5 Installation Instructions :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 6 Basic Usage. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 9 7 The Emacspeak Audio Desktop. :::::::::::::::::::::::: 19 8 Voice Lock :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 22 9 Using Online Help With Emacspeak. :::::::::::::::::::: 24 10 Emacs Packages. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 26 11 Running Terminal Based Applications. ::::::::::::::::::: 45 12 Emacspeak Commands And Options::::::::::::::::::::: 49 13 Emacspeak Keyboard Commands. :::::::::::::::::::::: 361 14 TTS Servers ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 362 15 Acknowledgments.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 366 16 Concept Index :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 367 17 Key Index ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 368 Table of Contents Emacspeak :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1 Copyright ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -
Latent Dangers in a Patent Pool: the European Commission's Approval of the 3G Wireless Technology Licensing Agreements
Latent Dangers in a Patent Pool: The European Commission's Approval of the 3G Wireless Technology Licensing Agreements Michael R. Franzingert TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................1695 I. B ackground .....................................................................................1698 A. The Evolution of Standards in the Wireless Communications Indu stry .....................................................................................1698 1. The 2G Mobile Telephone Standards .................................1698 2. The 3G Mobile Communication Standards ........................1699 B. Europe's Past Efforts at Standardization ..................................1700 C. Licensing of Essential Patents for 3G Standards ......................1702 II. The European Commission's Competition Law .............................1708 A. Article 81: The Foundation of European Antitrust Doctrine ...1709 B. New Block Exemptions, Individual Exemptions, and "C om fort L etters". ....................................................................1710 1. The Technology Transfer Block Exemption ......................1711 2. Exceptions Developed in Individual Cases ........................1712 III. A nalysis ...........................................................................................17 14 A. The Japanese Fair Trade Commission's Early Clearance of the Platform ..........................................................................1714 Copyright © 2003 -
WIKINOMICS How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything
WIKINOMICS How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything EXPANDED EDITION Don Tapscott and Anthony D. Williams Portfolio Praise for Wikinomics “Wikinomics illuminates the truth we are seeing in markets around the globe: the more you share, the more you win. Wikinomics sheds light on the many faces of business collaboration and presents a powerful new strategy for business leaders in a world where customers, employees, and low-cost producers are seizing control.” —Brian Fetherstonhaugh, chairman and CEO, OgilvyOne Worldwide “A MapQuest–like guide to the emerging business-to-consumer relation- ship. This book should be invaluable to any manager—helping us chart our way in an increasingly digital world.” —Tony Scott, senior vice president and chief information officer, The Walt Disney Company “Knowledge creation happens in social networks where people learn and teach each other. Wikinomics shows where this phenomenon is headed when turbocharged to engage the ideas and energy of customers, suppli- ers, and producers in mass collaboration. It’s a must-read for those who want a map of where the world is headed.” —Noel Tichy, professor, University of Michigan and author of Cycle of Leadership “A deeply profound and hopeful book. Wikinomics provides compelling evidence that the emerging ‘creative commons’ can be a boon, not a threat to business. Every CEO should read this book and heed its wise counsel if they want to succeed in the emerging global economy.” —Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman, World Economic Forum “Business executives who want to be able to stay competitive in the future should read this compelling and excellently written book.” —Tiffany Olson, president and CEO, Roche Diagnostics Corporation, North America “One of the most profound shifts transforming business and society in the early twenty-first century is the rapid emergence of open, collaborative innovation models. -
Emacspeak User's Guide
Emacspeak User's Guide Jennifer Jobst Revision History Revision 1.3 July 24,2002 Revised by: SDS Updated the maintainer of this document to Sharon Snider, corrected links, and converted to HTML Revision 1.2 December 3, 2001 Revised by: JEJ Changed license to GFDL Revision 1.1 November 12, 2001 Revised by: JEJ Revision 1.0 DRAFT October 19, 2001 Revised by: JEJ This document helps Emacspeak users become familiar with Emacs as an audio desktop and provides tutorials on many common tasks and the Emacs applications available to perform those tasks. Emacspeak User's Guide Table of Contents 1. Legal Notice.....................................................................................................................................................1 2. Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................2 2.1. What is Emacspeak?.........................................................................................................................2 2.2. About this tutorial.............................................................................................................................2 3. Before you begin..............................................................................................................................................3 3.1. Getting started with Emacs and Emacspeak.....................................................................................3 3.2. Emacs Command Conventions.........................................................................................................3 -
Types of LMS Deployment & Common Features
Types of LMS Deployment & Common Features Daisyane Barreto, Amy Rottmann, & Salena Rabidoux In cooking, you have many different types of tools you can use to make a meal. For example, you have mixers, measuring cups, cutting boards, and so many other tools. Each tool is designed to meet the needs of the cooker and serve a specific purpose in the cooking process. An LMS is not different in that sense. There are several types of LMSs in the market being used for educational as well as training purposes, and one of the most difficult choices for organizations and institutions to make is deciding the type of LMS to select based on deployment or license (Pappas, 2014). Of course, many other factors (e.g., pricing, support, additional features, and others) must be considered and weighed in this decision. Still, the cost combined with financial and technical requirements are still the main focus when selecting an LMS (Croitoru & Dinu, 2016). Indeed, it is important to analyze and examine the type of LMS deployment because of its influence in the overall cost as well as other relevant requirements that can inform the decision about an LMS. There are two main types of LMS deployment you need to be familiar with: (1) proprietary, and (2) open-source. Within those two solutions, there are two other distinct categories to be considered: (a) Software as a Service (SaaS) or cloud-based system and (b) Installed LMS. In order to determine what type of LMS is beneficial to an organization or institution, a clear understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each solution must be reviewed. -
An Automated Approach to Grammar Recovery for a Dialect of the C++ Language
An Automated Approach to Grammar Recovery for a Dialect of the C++ Language Edward B. Duffy and Brian A. Malloy School of Computing Clemson University Clemson, SC 29634, USA feduffy,[email protected] Abstract plications developed in a new or existing language [12, 15]. Frequently, the only representation of a dialect is the gram- In this paper we present the design and implementa- mar contained in the source code of a compiler; however, a tion of a fully automated technique for reverse engineering compiler grammar is difficult to comprehend since parser or recovering a grammar from existing language artifacts. generation algorithms place restrictions on the form of the The technique that we describe uses only test cases and a compiler grammar [16, page 10]. parse tree, and we apply the technique to a dialect of the Another problem with language dialects is that there C++ language. However, given test cases and a parse tree has been little research, to date, addressing the problem for a language or a dialect of a language, our technique of reverse engineering a grammar or language specifica- can be used to recover a grammar for the language, in- tion for a language dialect from existing language arti- cluding languages such as Java, C, Python or Ruby. facts. Lammel¨ and Verhoef have developed a technique that uses a language reference manual and test cases to recover a grammar for a language or dialect [16]. How- 1. Introduction ever, their technique requires user intervention along most of the stages of recovery and some of the recovery process The role of programming languages in software devel- is manual. -
Creative Commons Licence: an Alternative Solution to Copyright in the New Media Arena
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Sydney eScholarship CHAPTER FOURTEEN CREATIVE COMMONS LICENCE: AN ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION TO COPYRIGHT IN THE NEW MEDIA ARENA Chunyan Wang• AN INTRODUCTION TO CREATIVE COMMONS Creative Commons (CC) is a global non-profit organisation that provides free tools, including Creative Commons licenses and software, to enable authors, researchers, artists and educators to easily mark their creative works with the specific intellectual property rights they wish their creative works to carry. The mission of CC is to build a system of balanced intellectual property rights by advocating a ‘some rights reserved’ alternative to the traditional ‘all rights reserved’ system.1 CC is dedicated to building a flexible copyright regime in the face of increasingly restrictive copyright rules. It encourages legal sharing, remixing, and reuse of creative work, and provides a legal platform to spread and build digitally enabled creative culture. Incorporating distributive and legal mechanisms at the same time, CC serves to remedy excessively restrictive intellectual property protection. By promoting a fair and user-friendly structure of intellectual property rights, CC is helping to realise open access to knowledge. • Many thanks to Professor Brian Fitzgerald of Queensland University of Technology and Professor Gao Fuping of East China University of Political Science and Law for inviting me to write this article. Thanks also to Dr Stewart Cheifet of Internet Archive and Professor Jing Wang of MIT for their comments and assistance in writing this article. Additional thanks to Mr Yi Zheng and Mr Fei Yang for their help. 1 Creative Commons <http://creativecommons.org>. -
Cultures and Traditions of Wordplay and Wordplay Research the Dynamics of Wordplay
Cultures and Traditions of Wordplay and Wordplay Research The Dynamics of Wordplay Edited by Esme Winter-Froemel Editorial Board Salvatore Attardo, Dirk Delabastita, Dirk Geeraerts, Raymond W. Gibbs, Alain Rabatel, Monika Schmitz-Emans and Deirdre Wilson Volume 6 Cultures and Traditions of Wordplay and Wordplay Research Edited by Esme Winter-Froemel and Verena Thaler The conference “The Dynamics of Wordplay / La dynamique du jeu de mots – Interdisciplinary perspectives / perspectives interdisciplinaires” (Universität Trier, 29 September – 1st October 2016) and the publication of the present volume were funded by the German Research Founda- tion (DFG) and the University of Trier. Le colloque « The Dynamics of Wordplay / La dynamique du jeu de mots – Interdisciplinary perspectives / perspectives interdisciplinaires » (Universität Trier, 29 septembre – 1er octobre 2016) et la publication de ce volume ont été financés par la Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) et l’Université de Trèves. ISBN 978-3-11-058634-3 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-058637-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-063087-9 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Control Number: 2018955240 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2018 Esme Winter-Froemel and Verena Thaler, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com Contents Esme Winter-Froemel, Verena Thaler and Alex Demeulenaere The dynamics of wordplay and wordplay research 1 I New perspectives on the dynamics of wordplay Raymond W. -
Research Versus Development: Patent Pooling, Innovation and Standardization in the Software Industry
RESEARCH VERSUS DEVELOPMENT: PATENT POOLING, INNOVATION AND STANDARDIZATION IN THE SOFTWARE INDUSTRY DANIEL LIN ABSTRACT Despite the impressive pace of modern invention, a certain "patent thicket" effect that may be impeding what has become an increasingly difficult road to the commercialization of new technologies. Specifically, as new technologies build upon old technologies, they necessarily become increasingly complex, and as a result, are often subject to the protection of multiple patents, covering both the new cumulative technologies as well as old foundational technologies. The difficulties of acquiring licenses (e.g. hold-out problems) for all such patents has the potential to stifle the development and commercialization of these new technologies. As such, patent pooling, once condemned as facilitating antitrust violations in past eras, has been reintroduced as a practice that, if properly structured, has potentially strong pro-competitive benefits. Patent pooling has the potential to reduce the level of research and invention in new technologies that can compete with an incumbent standard. Recent patent jurisprudence and lenient federal antitrust agency of recent patent pooling proposals seem to create an environment that encourages the resurgence of patent pooling. Copyright © 2002 The John Marshall Law School Cite as 1 J. MARSHALL REV. INTELL. PROP. L. 274 RESEARCH VERSUS DEVELOPMENT: PATENT POOLING, INNOVATION AND STANDARDIZATION IN THE SOFTWARE INDUSTRY DANIEL LIN* The master programmer stared at the novice. "And what would you do to remedy this state of affair?" he asked. The novice thought for a moment. "I will design a new editing program," he said, "a program that will replace all these others." Suddenly, the master struck the novice on the side of his head. -
U.S. Chamber of Commerce 2018 Special 301 Submission
By electronic submission Sung Chang Director for Innovation and IP Office of the U.S. Trade Representative Washington, DC U.S. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 2018 SPECIAL 301 SUBMISSION Submitted electronically to USTR via http://www.regulations.gov, docket number USTR- 2017-0024. 1 February 8, 2018 Sung Chang Director for Innovation and IP Office of the U.S. Trade Representative 600 17th Street, NW Washington, DC 20508 Re: 2018 Special 301 Identification of Countries Under Section 182 of the Trade Act of 1974: Request for Public Comment and Announcement of Public Hearing, Office of the U.S. Trade Representative Dear Mr. Chang: The U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s (“U.S. Chamber” or “Chamber”) Global Innovation Policy Center (GIPC) is pleased to provide you with our submission for the U.S. Trade Representative’s Identification of Countries Under Section 182 of the Trade Act of 1974: Request for Public Comment. The Chamber has participated in this annual exercise to analyze the global intellectual property (IP) environment for many years and is encouraged that the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) has prioritized its commitment to promote property rights as a way to foster development and prosperity. We urge the U.S. government to continue to use all available means to work with our trading partners to address these challenges. The Chamber is the world’s largest business federation representing the interests of more than three million businesses of all sizes, sectors, and regions, as well as state and local chambers and industry associations. It also houses the largest international staff within any business association, providing global coverage to advance the many policy interests of our members. -
Methylase-Assisted Subcloning for High Throughput Biobrick Assembly
Methylase-assisted subcloning for high throughput BioBrick assembly Ichiro Matsumura Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA, United States of America ABSTRACT The BioBrick standard makes possible iterated pairwise assembly of cloned parts with- out any depletion of unique restriction sites. Every part that conforms to the standard is compatible with every other part, thereby fostering a worldwide user community. The assembly methods, however, are labor intensive or inefficient compared to some newer ones so the standard may be falling out of favor. An easier way to assemble BioBricks is described herein. Plasmids encoding BioBrick parts are purified from Escherichia coli cells that express a foreign site-specific DNA methyltransferase, so that each is subsequently protected in vitro from the activity of a particular restriction endonuclease. Each plasmid is double-digested and all resulting restriction fragments are ligated together without gel purification. The ligation products are subsequently double-digested with another pair of restriction endonucleases so only the desired insert-recipient vector construct retains the capacity to transform E. coli. This 4R/2M BioBrick assembly protocol is more efficient and accurate than established workflows including 3A assembly. It is also much easier than gel purification to miniaturize, automate and perform more assembly reactions in parallel. As such, it should streamline DNA assembly for the existing community of BioBrick users, and possibly encourage others to join. Subjects Bioengineering, Molecular Biology, Synthetic Biology Keywords BioBrick assembly, Methylase-assisted cloning, Synthetic biology, Laboratory automation, DNA methyltransferase Submitted 27 April 2020 Accepted 10 August 2020 Published 11 September 2020 INTRODUCTION Corresponding author A bottleneck in many synthetic biology projects is the physical linkage of cloned synthetic Ichiro Matsumura, [email protected] genes (``parts'') to each other to form longer functional assemblies (``devices'').