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Improving Optical Music Recognition by Combining Outputs from Multiple Sources
IMPROVING OPTICAL MUSIC RECOGNITION BY COMBINING OUTPUTS FROM MULTIPLE SOURCES Victor Padilla Alex McLean Alan Marsden Kia Ng Lancaster University University of Leeds Lancaster University University of Leeds victor.padilla. a.mclean@ a.marsden@ k.c.ng@ [email protected] leeds.ac.uk lancaster.ac.uk leeds.ac.uk ABSTRACT in the Lilypond format, claims to contain 1904 pieces though some of these also are not full pieces. The Current software for Optical Music Recognition (OMR) Musescore collection of scores in MusicXML gives no produces outputs with too many errors that render it an figures of its contents, but it is not clearly organised and unrealistic option for the production of a large corpus of cursory browsing shows that a significant proportion of symbolic music files. In this paper, we propose a system the material is not useful for musical scholarship. MIDI which applies image pre-processing techniques to scans data is available in larger quantities but usually of uncer- of scores and combines the outputs of different commer- tain provenance and reliability. cial OMR programs when applied to images of different The creation of accurate files in symbolic formats such scores of the same piece of music. As a result of this pro- as MusicXML [11] is time-consuming (though we have cedure, the combined output has around 50% fewer errors not been able to find any firm data on how time- when compared to the output of any one OMR program. consuming). One potential solution to this is to use Opti- Image pre-processing splits scores into separate move- cal Music Recognition (OMR) software to generate sym- ments and sections and removes ossia staves which con- bolic data such as MusicXML from score images. -
Musical Notation Codes Index
Music Notation - www.music-notation.info - Copyright 1997-2019, Gerd Castan Musical notation codes Index xml ascii binary 1. MidiXML 1. PDF used as music notation 1. General information format 2. Apple GarageBand Format 2. MIDI (.band) 2. DARMS 3. QuickScore Elite file format 3. SMDL 3. GUIDO Music Notation (.qsd) Language 4. MPEG4-SMR 4. WAV audio file format (.wav) 4. abc 5. MNML - The Musical Notation 5. MP3 audio file format (.mp3) Markup Language 5. MusiXTeX, MusicTeX, MuTeX... 6. WMA audio file format (.wma) 6. MusicML 6. **kern (.krn) 7. MusicWrite file format (.mwk) 7. MHTML 7. **Hildegard 8. Overture file format (.ove) 8. MML: Music Markup Language 8. **koto 9. ScoreWriter file format (.scw) 9. Theta: Tonal Harmony 9. **bol Exploration and Tutorial Assistent 10. Copyist file format (.CP6 and 10. Musedata format (.md) .CP4) 10. ScoreML 11. LilyPond 11. Rich MIDI Tablature format - 11. JScoreML RMTF 12. Philip's Music Writer (PMW) 12. eXtensible Score Language 12. Creative Music File Format (XScore) 13. TexTab 13. Sibelius Plugin Interface 13. MusiXML: My own format 14. Mup music publication program 14. Finale Plugin Interface 14. MusicXML (.mxl, .xml) 15. NoteEdit 15. Internal format of Finale (.mus) 15. MusiqueXML 16. Liszt: The SharpEye OMR 16. XMF - eXtensible Music 16. GUIDO XML engine output file format Format 17. WEDELMUSIC 17. Drum Tab 17. NIFF 18. ChordML 18. Enigma Transportable Format 18. Internal format of Capella (ETF) (.cap) 19. ChordQL 19. CMN: Common Music 19. SASL: Simple Audio Score 20. NeumesXML Notation Language 21. MEI 20. OMNL: Open Music Notation 20. -
Using Smartscore 2.Pdf
Using SmartScore Scanning Music Be sure you have the necessary scanner drivers installed before attempting to scan from inside SmartScore. Most scanners come with software that enable programs such as SmartScore to control them. TWAIN drivers and/or Mac plug-ins are normally included in the software packaged with most scanners. It may be necessary for certain Mac users to perform a “Custom > TWAIN” installation from the CD accompanying your scan- ner; depending on the manufacturer. NOTE: Scanner drivers are often updated by scanner manufacturers and posted on their web sites. If problems occur during scanning, it is always a good idea to check the Internet for updated scanner drivers before calling Musitek Technical Support. Mac Users: Skip the next section. Turn to “Scanning in Macintosh” on page 6. Scanning in Windows: Using the SmartScore Scanning Interface a. Push the Scan button in the Navigator or in the Main Toolbar. Figure 1: Scan Button b. If there is no response, go to File > Scan Music > Select Scanner and choose appropriate TWAIN driver. If you do not see anything listed in the Select Scanner window, your drivers are probably not installed. Install or replace TWAIN driver from scanner CD or from “Driver Download” area of scanner manufacturer’s website. c. If the scanner still does not operate properly, go to “Choosing an alternative scanning interface” on page 5. USING SmartScore 1 Help > Using SmartScore Your scanner should immediately begin to operate with Scan or Acquire. A low-resolution pre-scan should soon appear in the Preview window. FIGURE 2: SmartScore scanning interface d. -
There's an App for That!
There’s an App for That! FPSResources.com Business Bob Class An all-in-one productivity app for instructors. Clavier Companion Clavier Companion has gone digital. Now read your favorite magazine from your digital device. Educreations Annotate, animate and narrate on interactive whiteboard. Evernote Organizational app. Take notes, photos, lists, scan, record… Explain Everything Interactive whiteboard- create, rotate, record and more! FileApp This is my favorite app to send zip files to when downloading from my iPad. Reads PDF, Office, plays multi-media contents. Invoice2go Over 20 built in invoice styles. Send as PDF’s from your device; can add PayPal buttons. (Lite version is free but only lets you work with three invoices at a time.) Keynote Macs version of PowerPoint. Moosic Studio Studio manager app. Student logs, calendar, invoicing and more! Music Teachers Helper If you subscribe to MTH you can now log in and do your business via your iPhone or iPad! Notability Write in PDF’s and more! Pages Word Processing App PayPal Here OR Square Card reader app. Reader is free, need a PayPal account. Ranging from 2.70 (PayPal) - 2.75% (Square) per swipe Piano Bench Magazine An awesome piano teacher magazine you can read from your iPad and iPhone! PDF Expert Reads, annotates, mark up and edits PDF documents. Remind Formerly known as Remind 101, offers teachers a free, safe and easy to use way to instantly text students and parents. Skitch Mark up, annotate, share and capture TurboScan or TinyScan Pro or Scanner Pro Scan and email jpg or pdf files. Easy! Week Calendar Let’s you color code events. -
Roberto Sierra's Missa Latina: Musical Analysis and Historical Perpectives Jose Rivera
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2006 Roberto Sierra's Missa Latina: Musical Analysis and Historical Perpectives Jose Rivera Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MUSIC ROBERTO SIERRA’S MISSA LATINA: MUSICAL ANALYSIS AND HISTORICAL PERPECTIVES By JOSE RIVERA A Dissertation submitted to the College of Music in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2006 Copyright © 2006 Jose Rivera All Rights Reserved To my lovely wife Mabel, and children Carla and Cristian for their unconditional love and support. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work has been possible with the collaboration, inspiration and encouragement of many individuals. The author wishes to thank advisors Dr. Timothy Hoekman and Dr. Kevin Fenton for their guidance and encouragement throughout my graduate education and in the writing of this document. Dr. Judy Bowers, has shepherd me throughout my graduate degrees. She is a Master Teacher whom I deeply admire and respect. Thank you for sharing your passion for teaching music. Dr. Andre Thomas been a constant source of inspiration and light throughout my college music education. Thank you for always reminding your students to aim for musical excellence from their mind, heart, and soul. It is with deepest gratitude that the author wishes to acknowledge David Murray, Subito Music Publishing, and composer Roberto Sierra for granting permission to reprint choral music excerpts discussed in this document. I would also like to thank Leonard Slatkin, Norman Scribner, Joseph Holt, and the staff of the Choral Arts Society of Washington for allowing me to attend their rehearsals. -
Curriculum Vitae
CURRICULUM VITAE JAIME MANUEL GARCÍA BOLAO, BA, BA, BS, NCTM, FRSM TALLAHASSEE, FLORIDA, MAY 2020 JAIME MANUEL GARCÍA BOLAO, BA, BA, BS, NCTM, FRSM PAGE 2 JAIME MANUEL GARCÍA BOLAO, BA, BA, BS, NCTM, FRSM Professional Address: 2367 May Apple Ct, Tallahassee, Fl, 32308 United States of America | +1 850-322-8746 | [email protected] Citizenship: United States of America, Kingdom of Spain TEACHING PHILOSOPHY Teaching and learning are among the most important activities people engage in. Our capacity to gain wisdom makes us human. A music instructor should be dedicated to helping his students gain wisdom. Careful, loving teaching and learning are essential to music. Gaining wisdom is no small task; it takes a lifetime. The quest for knowledge is among the primary driving forces in my life; my passion for learning fuels my pursuit of teaching excellence. I aspire to be a great teacher because in it is the power to impart knowledge, influence thinking and ultimately create positive change in the world. JAIME MANUEL GARCÍA BOLAO, BA, BA, BS, NCTM, FRSM PAGE 3 Music should form an integral part of the development of any young mind. It utilizes much of the brain, making it valuable in all areas of development: academic, emotional, physical and spiritual. Practicing a musical instrument teaches lessons beyond merely the ability to play; it imparts discipline, patience and dedication. Moreover, there is no age limit to enjoying or engaging in music. Learning music is a life-long endeavor. Students may not be able to take lessons throughout their lives, but they can remain music lovers and stay musically active. -
Copyrighted Material
Index Numbers Anderson, Reid, 187 back phrasing, 33 Anderson, Sheila E., 267–268 Ball, Ernie, 188 8/12/16/24-bar blues, 146–147 Andrews, Julie, 250 ballad form, 140 anticipation, 80 Bandcamp, 215, 272 A appoggiatura, 78–79 Bartók, Béla, 57, 124, 127, arch form: ABCBA, 142 142, 153 A (verse), 148–149 “Arianna” (Monteverdi), 11 bass, 174, 187–188 a cappella, 11 Armstrong, Louis, 194 bass flute, 173 Ableton, 17, 232 arranging instruments, bassoon, 173–174 accidentals, 97 179–183, 259–260 Baxter, Les, 270 accordion, 193 ASCAP (American Society of The Beach Boys, 148 acoustic instruments Composers, Authors & The Beatles, 132, 148 Publishers), 217 bass guitar, 188 Bechet, Sidney, 194 atonal music, 150–154 electronic instruments Beethoven, L. van vs., 25 Audiosparx, 261 lyrics and, 131–132 guitar, 189–190 augmented chords, 103 pieces by, 31, 71 action drive, 123 authentic cadences, 109 rhythms and, 31–32 Adagio, 30 avant garde, 57 symphonies by, 144 Aeolian mode, 60, 133 Azarm, Ben, 238 beginning of songs, 133–135, air form, 140 225–226 Albini, Steve, 260 B bellows, 193 Allegro, 30 B (chorus), 149 bending, 245–246 Alpert, Herb, 127 B flat clarinet, 164–165, 166 Berg, Alban, 144 alto flute, 162–163 B flat trumpet, 163–164 Biafra, Jello, 270 amen cadence, 109 Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel, binary form: AB, 140 American Composers 78, 201 Bizet, G., 20 Forum, 218 Bach, Johann Christian, 201 block harmony, 197 American Mavericks (Key, Bach, Johann Sebastian blues, 146–147 Roethe), 269 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL analysis of, 267 BMI (Broadcast Music American -
Obalka 1 2 2016.Indd
ROČNÍKRONÍK XLVIII XLIV 1–2 2016 2,92 € Spravodajstvo: Jubilant Vladimír Bokes / Nekrológ: Kurt Masur / Rozhovor: Oľga Smetanová, David Danel / Mimo hlavného prúdu: NEXT 2015 / Preklad: O Šostakovičovi so Sergejom Nevským Pierre Boulez Nielen o akordeóne s Teodorom Anzellottim Rezignácia Friedricha Haidera Slávnostný koncert 19. 2. 2016 NYìURĀLX Y]QLNX6ORYHQVNpKR 19.00 ILOKDUPRQLFNpKR piatok, Koncertná sieň SF ]ERUX www.filharmonia.sk Editorial Obsah Vážení itatelia, Spravodajstvo, koncerty, festivaly 2 Beethoven & Beethoven, Hory dokážu byť zradné, i v hudbe..., Jubilant Vladimír Bokes, Kvintetá na hrade, Ensemble Ricercata so štvrťtónmi, Slovenská filharmó- témami aktuálneho dvojísla T. Anzellotti Hudobného života je séria nedáv- nia, Litovská hudba v kontexte – inšpirácia pre Slovensko?, Prehliadka mladých slovenských organistov, Grieg Day – podujatie plné nórskej hudby, Talentovaná nych odchodov – Pierra Bouleza, umelkyňa s veľkým srdcom v Bratislave, Rodinné koncerty v Moyzeske Kurta Masura a v istom zmysle aj neakaná rezignácia hudobného Miniprofil riaditeca Opery SND Friedricha 4 Lukáš Pohůnek Haidera. Umelecký odkaz jednej z naj- Nekrológ 5 Kurt Masur 1927–2015 výraznejších hudobných ikon L. Pohůnek 6 Pierre Boulez 1925–2016 I. Buffa 20. storoia poznamenal niekocko generácií. Pierre Boulez si získaval O. Smetanová Téma obdivovateov radikálnym nová- 7 Pierre Boulez pretrváva ako médium v hudobnom svete Z. Šikrová torstvom svojho kompoziného ja- zyka i osobitosou, s akou dokázal Rozhovor sprítomova odkazy Wagnera, 12 Teodoro Anzellotti: „Záujem publika nemá vplyv na hodnotu diela.“ A. Šuba Weberna, Bartóka i Stravinské- 18 Oľga Smetanová: „Väčšinu cieľov, s ktorými som do Hudobného centra prichádza- la, som naplnila.“ ho. V nekrológu naho spomína P. Motyčka 21 David Danel: „Chtěl bych z HISu udělat generátor dění kolem nové hudby.“ Z. -
Music Writing Software Downloads
Music writing software downloads and print beautiful sheet music with free and easy to use music notation software MuseScore. Create, play and print beautiful sheet music Free Download.Download · Handbook · SoundFonts · Plugins. Finale Notepad music writing software is your free introduction to Finale music notation products. Learn how easy it is to for free – today! Free Download. Software to write musical notation and score easily. Download this user-friendly program free. Compose and print music for a band, teaching, a film or just for. Musink is free music-composition software that will change the way you write music. Notate scores, books, MIDI files, exercises & sheet music easily & quickly. Music notation software usually ranges in price from $50 to $ Once you purchase your software, most will download to your computer where you can install it. In our review of the top free music notation software we found several we could recommend with the best of these as good as any commercial product. Noteflight is an online music writing application that lets you create, view, print and hear professional quality music notation right in your web browser. Notation Software offers unique products to convert MIDI files to sheet music. For Windows, Mac and Linux. ScoreCloud music notation software instantly turns your songs into sheet music. As simple as that Download ScoreCloud Studio, free for PC & Mac! Download. Sibelius is the world's best- selling music notation software, offering sophisticated, yet easy- to- use tools that are proven and trusted by composers, arrangers. Here's a look at my top three picks for free music notation software programs. -
Improved Optical Music Recognition (OMR)
Improved Optical Music Recognition (OMR) Justin Greet Stanford University [email protected] Abstract same index in S. Observe that the order of the notes is implicitly mea- This project focuses on identifying and ordering the sured. Any note missing from the output, out of place, or notes and rests in a given measure of sheet music using a erroneously added heavily penalizes the percentage. More novel approach involving a Convolutional Neural Network qualitatively, we can render the output of the algorithm as (CNN). Past efforts in the field of Optical Music Recogni- sheet music and visually check how it compares to the input tion (OMR) have not taken advantage of neural networks. measure. The best architecture we developed involves feeding pro- Multiple commercial OMR products exist and their ef- posals of regions containing notes or rests to a CNN then fectiveness has been studied to be imperfect enough to pre- removing conflicts in regions identifying the same symbol. clude many practical applications [4, 20]. We run the test We compare our results with a commercial OMR product images through one of them (SmartScore [12]) and use the and achieve similar results. evaluation criteria described above to serve as a benchmark for the proposed algorithm. 1. Introduction 2. Related Work Optical Music Recognition (OMR) is the problem of The topic of OMR is heavily researched. The research converting a scanned image of sheet music into a symbolic can be broadly broken up into three categories: evaluation representation like MusicXML [9] or MIDI. There are many of existing methods, discovery of novel solutions for spe- obvious practical applications for such a solution, such as cific parts of OMR, and classical approaches to OMR. -
Efficient Optical Music Recognition Validation Using MIDI Sequence Data by Janelle C
Efficient Optical Music Recognition Validation using MIDI Sequence Data by Janelle C. Sands Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY May 2020 ○c Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2020. All rights reserved. Author................................................................ Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science May 12, 2020 Certified by. Michael Scott Cuthbert Associate Professor Thesis Supervisor Accepted by . Katrina LaCurts Chair, Master of Engineering Thesis Committee ii Efficient Optical Music Recognition Validation using MIDI Sequence Data by Janelle C. Sands Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science on May 12, 2020, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Abstract Despite advances in optical music recognition (OMR), resultant scores are rarely error-free. The power of these OMR systems to automatically generate searchable and editable digital representations of physical sheet music is lost in the tedious manual effort required to pinpoint and correct these errors post-OMR, or evento just confirm no errors exist. To streamline post-OMR error correction, I developeda corrector to automatically identify discrepancies between resultant OMR scores and corresponding Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) scores and then either automatically fix errors, or in ambiguous cases, notify the user to manually fix errors. This tool will be open source, so anyone can contribute to further improving the accuracy of OMR tools and expanding the amount of trusted digitized music. Thesis Supervisor: Michael Scott Cuthbert Title: Associate Professor iii iv Acknowledgments Thank you to my advisor, Professor Cuthbert, for sharing your enthusiasm, expertise, and encouragement throughout this project. -
Understanding Optical Music Recognition
1 Understanding Optical Music Recognition Jorge Calvo-Zaragoza*, University of Alicante Jan Hajicˇ Jr.*, Charles University Alexander Pacha*, TU Wien Abstract For over 50 years, researchers have been trying to teach computers to read music notation, referred to as Optical Music Recognition (OMR). However, this field is still difficult to access for new researchers, especially those without a significant musical background: few introductory materials are available, and furthermore the field has struggled with defining itself and building a shared terminology. In this tutorial, we address these shortcomings by (1) providing a robust definition of OMR and its relationship to related fields, (2) analyzing how OMR inverts the music encoding process to recover the musical notation and the musical semantics from documents, (3) proposing a taxonomy of OMR, with most notably a novel taxonomy of applications. Additionally, we discuss how deep learning affects modern OMR research, as opposed to the traditional pipeline. Based on this work, the reader should be able to attain a basic understanding of OMR: its objectives, its inherent structure, its relationship to other fields, the state of the art, and the research opportunities it affords. Index Terms Optical Music Recognition, Music Notation, Music Scores I. INTRODUCTION Music notation refers to a group of writing systems with which a wide range of music can be visually encoded so that musicians can later perform it. In this way, it is an essential tool for preserving a musical composition, facilitating permanence of the otherwise ephemeral phenomenon of music. In a broad, intuitive sense, it works in the same way that written text may serve as a precursor for speech.