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Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bati Dilleri Ve Edebiyati Anabilim Dali

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Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bati Dilleri Ve Edebiyati Anabilim Dali T.C. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ BATI DİLLERİ VE EDEBİYATİ ANABİLİM DALİ Yüzüklerin Efendisi’nde Kuranı Kerime Gönderge Yapan Semboller Hiba Hasan Mahmood 1330224073 YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ DANIŞMAN Doç. Dr. Ömer ŞEKERCİ ISPARTA 2016 T.R. SULEYMAN DEMİREL UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF WESTERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE THE SYMBOLS IN THE LORD OF THE RINGS REFERRING TO THE HOLY QURAN Hiba Hasan Mahmood 1330224073 MASTER'S THESIS SUPERVISOR Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ömer ŞEKERCİ ISPARTA 2016 ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express my deep gratitude to my master thesis advisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ömer ŞEKERCİ. I have learned many things from him since I enrolled to this programme. He spent much time on instructing me how to write a paper, how to search literature and how to collect data. My special thanks go to Prof. Dr. Hüseynağa RZAYEV and Assist.Dr. Mustafa CANER for his suggestions on this thesis. They are all hard-working professors and I believe their academic achievements will continue to increase. Special thanks go to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Batoura MAMEDOVA and to the Department of Western Languages and Literature teaching staff. I also thank to my friends: Nabaa, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bilge HURMUZLU. In particular, I am grateful to the Research Assistant Maarib Al-Baidhani for his contribution to the arrangement of my thesis. And my special thanks go to Soud, Maarib and Nabaa. Last but not the least important, I owe more than thanks to my family members including my mother and my father who passed away years ago but his memory is still with me. Thanks to my brothers and sister for supporting me spiritually throughout writing this thesis and my life in general. Very warm thanks go to my husband Ercan who always encouraged me and showed me great patience from the very beginning to the end of the study. Thanks to my son Mohammed for his patience. Thanks to all my friends who have supported me. III THE SYMBOLS IN THE LORD OF THE RINGS REFERRING TO THE HOLY QURAN ABSTRACT This study deals with the symbols used in Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings referring to the Holy Quran. Tolkien’s religious background plays a significant role to use such symbols in his work mentioned in the Holy Quran. The creatures and characters used in The Lord of the Rings are representative of the ones mentioned in the Holy Quran. The concept and philosophy of heaven and hell, good and evil, even darkness and light mentioned in Tolkien’s work resemble the concept of heaven and hell in the Holy Quran. Two towers used by Tolkien refer to heaven and hell, good and evil. The speaking trees or Ents used by Tolkien to help the good ones refers to the Quran in which it mentions that at doomsday the tress will speak and inform believers that there is Jew hiding behind it. It is Muhammad’s prophecy. Mithril and David’s Armour, Biblos Mithril (which was a precious metal, very lightweight but capable of extreme strength in alloys) refers to David’s making armour as Allah taught him how to do it. Jinn or Elves are mentioned in the Holy Quran. There is a surah called Al Jinn. In this surah the Almighty Allah describes Jinn as a kingdom with its own king and soldiers. The same portrait is drawn by Tolkien to describe Elves. Keywords: The Lord of the Rings, Holy Quran, Tolkien, Heaven and Hell, Ring, Temptation IV YÜZÜKLERİN EFENDİSİ’NDE KUTSAL KİTAP KURANI KERİME GÖNDERGE YAPAN SEMBOLLER ÖZET Bu çalışma, Tolkien’nin “Yüzüklerin Efendisi” adlı eserinde Kutsal Kitap Kuran’a gönderge yaptığı sembolleri ele almaktadır. Tolkien’nin dini geçmişi bu tür önemli sembolleri eserinde kullanmasında etkin bir rol oynamaktadır. “Yüzüklerin Efendisi” adlı eserde kullanılan yaratıklar ve karakterler aynen Kutsal Kitap Kuranı Kerim’deki sembollere doğrudan veya dolaylı gönderge yapmaktadır. Cennet- Cehennem, İyilik-kötülük, karanlık-aydınlık gibi konseptler “Yüzüklerin Efendisi” ve Kuranı Kerimde bahsedildiği şekliyle irdelenmiştir. Tolkien’nin eserinde kullandığı iki kulenin iyilik ve kötülüğü nasıl temsil ettiği Kuran’daki ayetler ışığı altında incelenmiştir. Eserde bahsi geçen konuşan ağaçlar, cinler vb birçok konu ele alınmıştır. Hz. Davut’un metal işleyişi, Frodo’nun arkadaşı Sam’le yapmış olduğu yolculuk kuran ışığı altında ele alınmıştır. Tolkien’nin Elves’leri ele alışı Kuranı Kerimde cin suresi ile olan benzerlikleri de ortaya konulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yüzüklerin Efendisi, Kutsal Kuran, Tolkien, Cennet ve Cehennem, Yüzük, Günaha girme V CONTENTS YEMİN METNİ……………………………………………………………………....I DECLARATİON......................................................................................................... II ACKNOWLEDGMENT............................................................................................. III ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………..……….… VI ÖZET…………………………………………………………………….…….……. V CHAPTER 1 1.1. Introduction.............................................................................................................1 1.2. The Aim of the Study..............................................................................................1 1.3. The Significance of the Study.................................................................................2 1.4. Methodology of the Study…………………………………...…………………...3 1.5. Limitation of the Study…………………………………………………………...3 1.6. The Background of Study.......................................................................................3 1.7. Religious Background behind The Lord of the Rings............................................7 CHAPTER 2 2.1. The Concept of Heaven and Hell in The Lord of the Rings and the Holy Quran.11 2.2. Creatures Helping the Men………………………………………………………14 2.3. Angels……………………………………………………………………………15 2.3. A. The Angel of Soor (The Trumpet): Hz. Israfel (A.S)……………………… 16 2.3. B. The Angel of Death: Hz. Azrael (A.S) .......................................................... 16 2.3. C.The Angels of Kiraman Katibin ......................................................................17 2.3. D.The Angels of Muqarrabun .............................................................................17 2.3. E. Munkar - Nakir Angels .................................................................................. 17 2.4. Wate……………………………………………………………………………..17 2.5. Speaking Tree…………………………………………………………………...19 2.6. The Elephant in the Battle………………………………………………………21 2.7. Language and People……………………………………………………………23 2.8. The Elves ………………………………………………………………………..24 2.9. Characters as Human Beings……………………………………………………24 2.10. Ainur (Angels) ……………………………………………………………….25 2.11. The Concept of Leadership……………………………………………………25 2.12. The Return of the King ……………………………………………………….26 2.13. The Appearance or Return of the Mahdi……………………………………...28 2.14. The Descent of 'Eesaa ibn Maryam…………………………………………...29 2.15. Har _magdon (Armageddon) Battle…………………………………………..29 2.16. Magic and Supernatural………………………………………………………30 2.17. The Chronical Struggle between Good and Evil……………………………..32 2.18. Mithril and David’s Armour………………………………………………….35 2.19. The Findings………………………………………………………………….36 CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………..37 BIBLIOGRAPHY...............................................................................................…...39 APPENDIX…………………………………………………………..……………..41 ÖZ GEÇMIŞ………………………………………………………………..……....49 CURRICULUM VITAE…………………………………….………………..…….50 CHAPTER I 1.1. Introduction This study aims to analyze and depict the symbols, events, characters, and objects represented in The Lord of the Rings (1937) and that those found in the Holy QuranIn this study we have used as main source the letters that Tolkien sent to his friends and readers the letters he got from his friends. What made us to study this is that no study has been done on it before so this study is first of its kind. It is clear that Tolkien’s works embody religious elements and symbols because of Tolkien’s religious background. This thesis is made up of two chapters. The first chapter deals with how Tolkien presents the concept of Heaven and Hell in his work and how Allah (Almighty) describes these two concepts in the Holy Quran. It focuses on each angel, God’s soldiers and how they obey the commands and rules and fulfill their duties. In the second chapter we try to exhibit the similarities and the language used by the characters in The Lord of the Ring and its film version with a particular reference to the Holy Quran. The symbols used in the novel and its film version and in the Holy Quran have been compared. What our prophet, Mohammed, said and depicted about doomsday and those events given in The Lord of the Rings are our major focus. The symbols used in Lord of the Rings and the Holy Quran are illustrated by quotes from the Holy Quran and Tolkien’s work. The major sources we have used in our study are as following: Lord of the Rings, The Holy Quran, and J.R.R Tolkien Letters. Some of the verses from the Holy Quran and the Hadiths have been translated by the author as the author’s mother tongue is Arabic. 1.2. The Aim of the Study This study aims at revealing what J.R.R. Tolkien meant in his work by using those symbols attributable to religion and the similarities of those symbols in the Holy Quran. It deals with the letters of J. R. Tolkien which were collected by Humphrey As Tolkien explains it as following “The Lord of the Rings is of course a fundamentally religious and Catholic work; un consciously at first, but consciously in the revision. That’s why I have no put
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