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Home , Kiraman Katibin, Munkar and Nakir

Teaching for the new GCSE

Dr R M Jackson-Royal

Strictly RE, 30th January, 2016. What are your aims for today?

• Write them on the post it- place it on the wall. What this session will cover.

1. What you need to consider. 2. Introductory work for the new GCSE. 3. Active ways to teach in Islam. 4. Active ways to teach Ashura in Islam. 5. Further reading. 1. What you will need to consider?

• In-depth and holistic knowledge of this faith (beliefs, teachings and practices). • Awareness of differences within Islam: – Between Sunni and Shi’a. – Also within Sunni and Shia. – How not all will practice what is taught! • Knowing and applying key words effectively. – Use the spellings that your board publishes. – Don’t worry about pronunciation. • Supporting answers with relevant evidence. • The relevance of the beliefs, teachings and practices for Muslims today and evaluating their significance. 1. Where would you place yourself?

Look at the overview of the GCSE content in the booklet. – Firm knowledge of this content-top of the room. – No firm knowledge of this content-bottom of the room. – Know some but still more to go-middle of room. • Pupils could use this at the end of each section to assess how they feel they are progressing. 2. Introductory work for the GCSE

• To comprehend the differences within Islam, pupils must know the core ideas Muslims share. • Core ideas: – Belief in Allah. – Humans should decide whether to voluntarily submit to his will (they are answerable for this decision). – His will brings peace and contentment in this life and eternity in heaven in the next. – Throughout time Allah has sent to explain and demonstrate his will. – Last was - perfect example of a Muslim (sunnah) as seen in the Hadiths. • Should be returned to as the course progresses. 2. Introductory work for the GCSE

• Differences between Sunni and Shi’a and within these branches of Islam.

Group to be Differences. compared.

Between Over the true successor of Muhammad. Sunni-Caliphs and Shi’a the Imams. Sunni and Main split occurred with the of Husayn (third Imam). Most core Shi’a. practices and beliefs are the same. Within Sunni. Between the legal schools- the majority belong to four today (Maliki; Shafi; Hanafi; and Hanbli- some still follow Zahiri too). Variations in wudu, prayer positions, when Ramadan begins etc. Within Shi’a. More sub-groups. Main three- Ithna Ashari (12), Zaidi (five) and Ismailis (seven). Majority are Ithna Ashari. 2. Introductory work for the GCSE

• Demographics research: – Where are Muslims in the world, Europe, UK and your locality. – Sort this according to Shi’a and . • Dictionary of key words should be created. – Should add to this for each section. 3. Active ways to teach Angels.

Question. A B C 1. Who created Angels? Allah Shaytan 2. How were they created? From clay From fire From light 3. Are they free? No Yes Partially 4. Which one brings revelation? Jibril Mika’il 5. Which one blows the trumpet? Jibril Mika’il Israfil 6. Which one brings nourishment? Jibril Mika’il Israfil 7. How many are there? Many Only Allah knows 100 8. Are they found in the Qur’an? No Yes Don’t know. 9. They are an article of faith in? Shi’a Islam Sunni Islam All of Islam 10. The Arabic word for Angels is? Munkar Malaikah Mu’aqqaibat 3. Active ways to teach Angels.

• Look at the quotes from the Qur’an on angels and complete the following: What is their How were they What are they Any thing else? purpose/role? made? like? 3. Active ways to teach Angels.

Activity of filling in the quotes. • All Muslims accept their existence, mentioned over 100 times in the Qur’an. • Created by Allah from light to be his helpers. • They have no freewill but obediently follow his will. • Neither male/female and humans do not see them in their true form. • Only Allah knows their exact amount. • Multiple roles- they fulfil these tirelessly. • Significant 3: Jibril, Mika’il and Israfil. 3. Active ways to teach Angels.

Activity: fact files on the Angels & key words. • Jibril- brings the revelation to humans. • Izra’il- of death. • Mika'il-brings spiritual and physical nourishment. • Kiraman/Katibin- records all things in books. • -question the soul in the grave. • Israfil-blows the trumpet to announce the end of time and the . 3. Active ways to teach Angels.

Activity: to look at their significance and evaluate angels. • Questions with hexagon activity. 3. Active ways to teach Angels.

Question. A B C 1. Who created Angels? Allah Jinn Shaytan 2. How were they created? From clay From fire From light 3. Are they free? No Yes Partially 4. Which one brings revelation? Jibril Mika’il Israfil 5. Which one blows the trumpet? Jibril Mika’il Israfil 6. Which one brings nourishment? Jibril Mika’il Israfil 7. How many are there? Many Only Allah knows 100 8. Are they found in the Qur’an? No Yes Don’t know. 9. They are an article of faith in? Shi’a Islam Sunni Islam All of Islam 10. The Arabic word for Angels is? Munkar Malaikah Mu’aqqaibat 4. Active ways to teach Ashura.

Question. A B C 1. Which month does it occur? 1st 10th 12th 2. Which Imam is connected to it? Husayn Ali Hasan 3. Which prophet is it connected to? Noah Jesus 4. Which prophet is it connected to? Ibrahim Muhammad Moses 5. Which city is it connected to? Makkah Karbala Basra 6. Will Muslims fast? Yes No Some will 7. What other activities will occur? Firework displays Flagellating Dancing 8. Is it a key festival? No Yes For some 9. It is celebrated in? Shi’a Islam Sunni Islam All of Islam 10. What type of festival is it? Mournful Joyous Stoic 4. Active ways to teach Ashura in Shi’a and Sunni Islam. Activity: Selecting best answer from research. • Celebrated in Shi’a and Sunni but differently- bigger in Shi’a. • Shi’a: – remembers the martyrdom of Husayn. – Mournful, solemn festival. – People will self flagellate, beat chests, re-enact his martyrdom, visit Karbala, reflect on injustice and being a good Muslim. • Sunni: – Remembers the end of the flood for Noah and Allah saving Moses and the Jews from the pharaoh’s slavery. – May fast, eat Noah’s pudding, visit the etc. 4. Clips on Ashura in Shi’a Islam.

• Different ways of celebrating Ashura in Shi’a Islam. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1eoq_VcNeoQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQ-Dtv9F6Oo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7mkf09Kqd0I https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0noKSFFZv4 &list=PLHsBSGZ1Gixa8- XYrnNzwQRBomID1nZSC&index=11 4. Clips on Ashura in Sunni Islam.

• Ashura in Turkey (Noah): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcURTemR q74 • Connection to Musa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8q293uZTFT4 • Fasting and its connection to sins (for more able students): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_EMqCGhqQ Y 4. Active ways to teach Ashura in Shi’a and Sunni Islam. • Key words activities. • Silent debate on evaluation questions: – In groups, carousel. – First group- points to support it. – Second group-evidence to support these points. – Third group- points against this. – Fourth group-evidence to support these points. – Write up the question. 4. Active ways to teach Ashura.

Question. A B C 1. Which month does it occur? 1st 10th 12th 2. Which Imam is connected to it? Husayn Ali Hasan 3. Which prophet is it connected to? Noah Jesus Ishmael 4. Which prophet is it connected to? Ibrahim Muhammad Moses 5. Which city is it connected to? Makkah Karbala Basra 6. Will Muslims fast? Yes No Some will 7. What other activities will occur? Firework displays Flagellating Dancing 8. Is it a key festival? No Yes For some 9. It is celebrated in? Shi’a Islam Sunni Islam All of Islam 10. What type of festival is it? Mournful Joyous Stoic 5. Further reading.

• Qur’an-essential! • Muhammad-his life based on the earliest sources by M Lings. • How to understand Islam by J Jomier. • What is Islam? By C Horrie and P Chippindale. • Muslims by A Rippin • Understanding Islam by Dr C. Ewer http://chrishewer.org/?page_id=312 • The Qur’an- Notre Dame University: https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-quran- scripture-islam-notredamex-th120-2x