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Place Names Ainmean Àite © © © © © Mark Hamblin 2020VISION/CNPA Hamblin Mark Photography P&J CNPA View to Loch Avon. Avon. Loch to View Craigdarroch. from Ballater Deer. Red Scottish Newtonmore. from Cairngorms to View Insh. Loch Mark Hamblin Mark CNPA Scottish Place Names Society Society Names Place Scottish www.st-andrews.ac.uk/institutes/sassi/spns based on local dialects spoken in the Park the in spoken dialects local on based and Dobhar or Dour – water (related to the name Dover). Dover). name the to (related water – Dour or Dobhar and Gaelic pronunciations in this leaflet are are leaflet this in pronunciations Gaelic Heritage Paths Paths Heritage www.heritagepaths.co.uk Easg or Esk – a bog stream (possibly related to the name Exe in Devon); Devon); in Exe name the to related (possibly stream bog a – Esk or Easg Rising of 1715 also survive. also 1715 of Rising Dictionary of Scots Language Language Scots of Dictionary www.dsl.ac.uk – mouth of or Mounth – a mountain range (related to Welsh Mynydd); Mynydd); Welsh to (related range mountain a – Mounth or of mouth – the military roads built by General Wade following the failed Jacobite Jacobite failed the following Wade General by built roads military the crane or heron) near Dinnet. near heron) or crane origin include Pit – a portion of land; Càrdainn or Cardine – copse; Aber Aber copse; – Cardine or Càrdainn land; of portion a – Pit include origin Am Baile – Highland History and Culture Culture and History Highland – Baile Am www.ambaile.org.uk such as Rathad nam Mèirleach, The Thieves’ Road. Some remnants of of remnants Some Road. Thieves’ The Mèirleach, nam Rathad as such (little bog of of bog (little Bogingore eg cranes, possibly Welsh, Cornish, Breton and Gaulish. Names that are probably Pictish in in Pictish probably are that Names Gaulish. and Breton Cornish, Welsh, of routes which cattle reivers would have used, giving rise to names names to rise giving used, have would reivers cattle which routes of ‘stream of the wolf’) in Glen Shee, and and Shee, Glen in wolf’) the of ‘stream Useful websites Useful principle language of the Picts seems to have been distantly related to to related distantly been have to seems Picts the of language principle Highlands to markets in the Lowlands. Also surviving are remnants remnants are surviving Also Lowlands. the in markets to Highlands (Gaelic (Gaelic h Mhadaid a’ Allt and Tanar Glen on the Picts, who once ruled large areas of land north of the Forth. The The Forth. the of north land of areas large ruled once who Picts, the to Badenoch. Others were used by drovers to take cattle from the the from cattle take to drovers by used were Others Badenoch. to (Scots ‘wolf streamlet’) streamlet’) ‘wolf (Scots Grain Wolf eg wolves of the Park and there is a revival of Gaelic in the north and west. west. and north the in Gaelic of revival a is there and Park the of Some of the earliest place names derive from the languages spoken by by spoken languages the from derive names place earliest the of Some that he could transport his favourite beer more easily from Atholl Atholl from easily more beer favourite his transport could he that lost wildlife of the Cairngorms, including including Cairngorms, the of wildlife lost Today, rich dialects of Scots such as Doric are spoken in the east and south south and east the in spoken are Doric as such Scots of dialects rich Today, the Red Comyn, Lord of Badenoch is said to have commissioned so so commissioned have to said is Badenoch of Lord Comyn, Red the place name evidence for some of the long long the of some for evidence name place Linguistic Heritage Linguistic century, while in Aberdeenshire the last native Gaelic speaker died in 1984. 1984. in died speaker Gaelic native last the Aberdeenshire in while century, Some routes follow mediaeval roads, such as Comyn’s Road, which which Road, Comyn’s as such roads, mediaeval follow routes Some (hill of the deer trap) on Rothiemurchus. There is also also is There Rothiemurchus. on trap) deer the of (hill Eilrig, Carn as such The Gaelic dialects of Badenoch and Strathspey survived into the 21st 21st the into survived Strathspey and Badenoch of dialects Gaelic The maintaining a community’s local heritage. local community’s a maintaining deer, including several places where there would have been a deer trap, trap, deer a been have would there where places several including deer, goods and wares. and goods associated with certain places. Place names therefore play a vital role in in role vital a play therefore names Place places. certain with associated Muckle) – big. – Muckle) Glenfeshie; wildcats, eg Eag a’ chait (ravine of the cat) on Abernethy; and and Abernethy; on cat) the of (ravine chait a’ Eag eg wildcats, Glenfeshie; attend social events and transport transport and events social attend © © Wade’s Road Road Wade’s C Cadden Cadden C commemorate events and people. They also remind us of local folklore folklore local of us remind also They people. and events commemorate (rocky hill of the eagle) in in eagle) the of hill (rocky h-Iolaire na Creag eg eagles, as such Park, the of as pronounced (locally Meikle and stream a – Burn church; a – Kirk road; use these passes to visit relatives, relatives, visit to passes these use wildlife of a place. They were used to identify landscape features and to to and features landscape identify to used were They place. a of wildlife Many topographical features have been named after species characteristic characteristic species after named been have features topographical Many of stretch straight a – Straucht river-meadow; a – Haugh bridge; a – Brig farther afield. People would often often would People afield. farther Place names give us an insight into the culture, history, environment and and environment history, culture, the into insight an us give names Place for example Shank – a long ridge; Birk – a birch tree; Bigging – a building; building; a – Bigging tree; birch a – Birk ridge; long a – Shank example for each other as well as with places places with as well as other each today. do they than hillsides up higher much extended Scots and Gaelic resulting in the appearance of some Scots place names, names, place Scots some of appearance the in resulting Gaelic and Scots Pàirc Nàiseanta a’ Mhonaidh Ruaidh. Mhonaidh a’ Nàiseanta Pàirc Park National Cairngorms the which connected communities with with communities connected which have once would birches that indicates 880m of altitude an to down However, by the 18th and 19th centuries many people could speak both both speak could people many centuries 19th and 18th the by However, or ‘The russet coloured mountains’. These mountains form the heart of of heart the form mountains These mountains’. coloured russet ‘The or crossed with passes and routes routes and passes with crossed 1000m from runs which Balmoral on trees) birch two the of (burn Bheath Ruadh Monadh Am the case. The Cairngorms are criss- are Cairngorms The case. the Chraobh Da an Allt The do. longer no but past, the in occurred woodland hillock. small a is name Gaelic original Their East. North the in group communities, this was once far from from far once was this communities, where areas indicate Gairnshiel and Corgarff between road public the – Tom and hill; conical a – Meall ridge; small a – Druim forest; a – Coille mountain central great the to collectively refer to ago years 200 around often regarded as a barrier between between barrier a as regarded often near wood) green (the Glas-choille as such Names by. gone centuries stream; large a – Allt include Examples origin. in Gaelic are Park National visitors speaking non-Gaelic by coined first was ‘Cairngorms’ name The ranges like the Cairngorms are are Cairngorms the like ranges in Cairngorms the of species and habitats the into insight valuable a us the in names place current the of majority the why is This Cairngorms. Park. National Cairngorms the in names place some of pronunciation Although nowadays mountain mountain nowadays Although give can past the in people local by named was landscape the way The the in language dominant the became Gaelic ago years 1,000 Over and meanings background, the to introduction an is leaflet This Traditional routes Traditional Landscape the in Nature Names Place Further Information Gazetteer Common Words Alexander, W.M., (1952). The Place names of Aberdeenshire. The Third Spalding Club. The gazetteer gives the pronunciation and meanings of a selection of Abhainn: River Inbhir: River mouth Dorward, D., (2001). The Glens of Angus: Names, Places and People. place names in the National Park that appear on maps in Gaelic or Achadh: Field Làirig: Mountain pass The Pinkfoot Press. were originally Gaelic and have since been anglicised or translated into Allt: Large stream Loch: Lake Grant, I., (1999). Tales of the Braes of Glenlivet. Birlinn. English/Scots. Baile: Township Lochan: Little lake Grant, J. H., (1999). Gaelic Heritage of Rothiemurchus. Rothiemurchus: Nature and Beinn: Mountain (‘Ben’ in Scots) Loinn/Lyne: Enclosure/stackyard The pronunciation of the Gaelic place names is based on local dialects. People on a Highland Estate, 1500-2000. Scottish Cultural Press. Bràigh: Upland (‘Brae’ in Scots) (local dialect) One characteristic of these dialects is the tendency to drop final Place Names Macgregor, N., (1992-94). Gaelic Place Names in Strathspey. Transactions of the Cadha: Meall: Conical hill/hill with conical unstressed syllables, so ‘monadh’ tends to be shortened to ‘mon’ Steep slope (local dialect) Gaelic Society of Inverness, Vol. 58. Caochan: Small stream summit Ainmean àite and ‘uisge’ to ‘uisg’.
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