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Significance of Radiolarian Biostratigraphy of the Southern New England Orogen, New South Wales

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Significance of Radiolarian Biostratigraphy of the Southern New England Orogen, New South Wales University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health - Honours Theses University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2013 Significance of adiolarianr biostratigraphy of the southern New England Orogen, New South Wales Sarah Kachovich University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/thsci University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Kachovich, Sarah, Significance of adiolarianr biostratigraphy of the southern New England Orogen, New South Wales, Bachelor of Science (Honours), School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2013. https://ro.uow.edu.au/thsci/48 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Significance of adiolarianr biostratigraphy of the southern New England Orogen, New South Wales Abstract Diverse and well-preserved radiolarian faunas are rare in the Early Paleozoic, but the importance of the result of the ages should suggest some idea on the provenance linkage and terrane amalgamation in the NEO. A moderately well-preserved radiolarian fauna consisting of 12 Devonian taxa was recovered from siliceous strata in both the Djungati and Gamilaroi terrane, in the southern New England Orogen, New South Wales. Fauna includes; Trilonche davidi(Hinde), Tr. hindea (Hinde), Tr. echinata (Hinde), Tr. minax (Hinde), Tr. vetusta (Hinde), Tr. elegan (Hinde), Tr. palimbola (Foreman), Tr. tanheensis (Luo, Aitchison & Wang), Palaeoscenidium cladophorus(Deflandre), Stigmosphaerostylus sp., Helenifore laticlavium (Nazarov) and Protoholoeciscus hindea (Aitchison) Results of radiolarian studies on each site provide reliable age constraints on the timing of sedimentation of each terrane. The Birpai sub-terrane recovered well radiolarian faunas that contained Helenifore laticlavium (Nazarov), which dates the terrane to a lower Famennian (Cheng, 1986) the upper Frasnian age. Protoholoeciscus hindea (Aitchison), recovered from the Djungati cherts at the Barnard River dated an age of Lower (Emsian) to Middle (Eifelian) Devonian age. The needle-like spines and spumellarians with three -bladed spines, from the Woolomin beds at Chaffey Dam, are indicative of Middle Devonian and younger radiolarians (Jones and Murchey, 1986). Indicative of fossils are scarce even though there was a thick exposure of cherts reflecting the extensive deformation at this site. The red ribbon-bedded cherts of the Djungati terrane were accreted in a sediment starved trench probably associated with an intra-oceanic island arc, but there is no evidence linking the red-ribbon cherts as an accretionary complex of the Gamilaroi terrane. The rarity of zircons and SHRIMP ages of the two zircons obtained from the coarse sandstones from the Upper Barnard River reflects events of much older origins than the sedimentary rocks themselves, and further support the distal environment for formation. These Devonian lithologies have inherited structural patterns as a result of processes of accretion and orogenesis throughout the Carboniferous. Three different types of structures are distinguished: (i) conjugate arrays of en echelon, quartz-filled tension gashes, showing extensional shear offsets. (ii) Fining directions on tuffs and overlay sequences, showing younging directions. (iii) Fold vergence. From these results geological model of the Chaffey Dam, Yarras district have been established in relation to the NEO. The structural data from this report supports the theory proposed by Aitchison (1992), about the collision of the Gamilaroi terrane giving rise to a subduction flip, causing another subduction zone developed east of accreted Gamilaroi terrane rocks in association with the east-dipping subduction. Degree Type Thesis Degree Name Bachelor of Science (Honours) Department School of Earth & Environmental Sciences Advisor(s) Dr Solomon Buckman Keywords Radiolarian, Southern New England Orogen, Nundle, Barnard River, Yarras, Djungati terrane This thesis is available at Research Online: https://ro.uow.edu.au/thsci/48 Significance of radiolarian biostratigraphy of the southern New England Orogen, New South Wales By Sarah Kachovich A thesis submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements of the Bachelor of Science (Honours) from the School of Earth & Environmental Sciences University of Wollongong, 2013 i The information in this thesis is entirely the result of investigations conducted by the author, unless otherwise acknowledged, and has not been submitted in part, or otherwise, for any other degree or qualification. Sarah Kachovich 12/04/2013 ii ABSTRACT Diverse and well-preserved radiolarian faunas are rare in the Early Paleozoic, but the importance of the result of the ages should suggest some idea on the provenance linkage and terrane amalgamation in the NEO. A moderately well-preserved radiolarian fauna consisting of 12 Devonian taxa was recovered from siliceous strata in both the Djungati and Gamilaroi terrane, in the southern New England Orogen, New South Wales. Fauna includes; Trilonche davidi (Hinde), Tr. hindea (Hinde), Tr. echinata (Hinde), Tr. minax (Hinde), Tr. vetusta (Hinde), Tr. elegan (Hinde), Tr. palimbola (Foreman), Tr. tanheensis (Luo, Aitchison & Wang), Palaeoscenidium cladophorum (Deflandre), Stigmosphaerostylus sp., Helenifore laticlavium (Nazarov) and Protoholoeciscus hindea (Aitchison). Results of radiolarian studies on each site provide reliable age constraints on the timing of sedimentation of each terrane. The Birpai sub-terrane recovered well radiolarian faunas that contained Helenifore laticlavium (Nazarov), which dates the terrane to a lower Famennian (Cheng, 1986) the upper Frasnian age. Protoholoeciscus hindea (Aitchison), recovered from the Djungati cherts at the Barnard River dated an age of Lower (Emsian) to Middle (Eifelian) Devonian age. The needle-like spines and spumellarians with three-bladed spines, from the Woolomin beds at Chaffey Dam, are indicative of Middle Devonian and younger radiolarians (Jones and Murchey, 1986). Indicative of fossils are scarce even though there was a thick exposure of cherts reflecting the extensive deformation at this site. The red ribbon-bedded cherts of the Djungati terrane were accreted in a sediment starved trench probably associated with an intra-oceanic island arc, but there is no evidence linking the red-ribbon cherts as an accretionary complex of the Gamilaroi terrane. The rarity of zircons and SHRIMP ages of the two zircons obtained from the coarse sandstones from the Upper Barnard River reflects events of much older origins than the sedimentary rocks themselves, and further support the distal environment for formation. These Devonian lithologies have inherited structural patterns as a result of processes of accretion and orogenesis throughout the Carboniferous. Three different types of structures are distinguished: (i) conjugate arrays of en echelon, quartz-filled tension gashes, showing extensional shear offsets. (ii) Fining directions on tuffs and overlay sequences, showing younging directions. (iii) Fold vergence. From these results geological model of the Chaffey Dam, Yarras district have been established in relation to the NEO. The structural data from this report supports the theory proposed by Aitchison (1992), about the collision of the Gamilaroi terrane giving rise to a subduction flip, causing another subduction zone developed east of accreted Gamilaroi terrane rocks in association with the east-dipping subduction. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE THE NEW ENGLAND OROGEN 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Aims and objectives ...................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Site locations .................................................................................................................. 3 1.5 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 8 CHAPTER TWO REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY 2.1 New England Orogen .................................................................................................. 10 2.2 Geological setting .......................................................................................................
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