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Shrimp Geochronology of the Southern New England Orogen

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Shrimp Geochronology of the Southern New England Orogen University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health - Honours Theses University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2011 Shrimp Geochronology of the southern New England Orogen Thomas W. Line University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/thsci University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Line, Thomas W., Shrimp Geochronology of the southern New England Orogen, Bachelor of Science (Honours), School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2011. https://ro.uow.edu.au/thsci/12 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Shrimp Geochronology of the southern New England Orogen Abstract Thesis embargoed until 25 July 2012. Degree Type Thesis Degree Name Bachelor of Science (Honours) Department School of Earth & Environmental Sciences Keywords Palaeozoic, protolith, petrological This thesis is available at Research Online: https://ro.uow.edu.au/thsci/12 Faculty of Science SHRIMP GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND OROGEN By Thomas W. Line A thesis submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements of the Honours degree of Bachelor of Science in the school of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Wollongong April 2011 1 The data on which this project is based is the intellectual property of Allan Nuttman and Solomon Buckman of the University of Wollongong. Its use is covered by a confidentiality agreement in which this research project is listed as a ‘permitted purpose’. Under the terms of this agreement, this thesis is considered a closed thesis and not for distribution without prior permission from Solomon Buckman and Allan Nuttman for a period of 1 year. I certify that the information in this thesis is entirely the result of investigations conducted by the author, unless otherwise acknowledged, and has not been submitted in part, or otherwise, for any other degrees or qualification. Thomas Line 2 Abstract The southern New England Orogen (NEO) is host to Early Palaeozoic ophiolitic and island arc rocks of the Weraerai and Gamilaroi terranes, respectively, which commonly abut the Great Serpentinite Belt. The serpentinite mélange is also host to HP/LT eclogite and blueschist assemblages that record past subduction events. The age of these units is critical to the early tectonic history of the NEO and this project aims to establish new age data on key intrusive and metamorphic phases from Port Macquarie and Barry Station using SHRIMP analysis of zircons. Seven samples including several selected intrusive phases of the southern NEO at Barry Station and Port Macquarie, the Rocky Beach Eclogite from Port Macquarie, volcaniclastics from Port Macquarie Serpentinite Mélange, were selected for zircon extraction and U/Pb isotopic dating. Whole-rock XRF geochemistry and standard petrology was employed to establish the tectonic setting of formation. SHRIMP analysis of igneous zircons extracted from the Rocky Beach Eclogite provided multiple 206Pb/238U age populations including: Neoarchean (ca. 3033 – 2648 Ma); Paleoproterozoic (ca. 2185 - 1544 Ma); Mesoproterozoic (ca. 1064 - 1128 Ma); Neoproterozoic (ca. 544 – 802 Ma) Upper Cambrian (483 – 519 Ma) Siluro-Devonian (401 - 412 Ma); Carboniferous (ca. 329 – 364 Ma); and Permo-Triassic (ca. 242 -264 Ma); suggesting the maximum age of the protolith is Permo-Triassic. This contradicts the Ordovician K-Ar age reported in the literature and highlights the need for re-appraisal of tectonic models of the NEO which are partially based on the incorrect age. Petrological analysis of the eclogite reveals mineral assemblages representing 5 phases of metamorphism which were experienced during subduction and subsequent exhumation. The presence of these phases in the partially retrograded eclogite is evidence for rapid exhumation which differs from current tectonic models that suggest Ordovician peak metamorphism and subsequent 200 million year suspense in the upper crust prior to exhumation. SHRIMP analysis of igneous zircons extracted from the Tacking Point Gabbro, Port Macquarie, yielded a Middle Devonian (388 ± 7 Ma) age. This contradicts the “look-alike” Permian association with the Clarence River Supersuite. Combined with geochemical data the Tacking Point Gabbro is interpreted to have intruded as part of a Siluro-Devonian Gamilaroi intra-oceanic island-arc system, which correlates with the timing and tectonic setting of the Gamilaroi terrane in other parts of the NEO. SHRIMP analysis of inherited zircons extracted from the felsic differentiate domain of a basaltic dyke that intrudes into the mélange yielded a Neoarchean age indicating that the melange was emplaced over an evolved crust before the intrusion of the dyke. However the lack of dateable zircons 3 extracted from this sample and the cross-cutting filed relations indicate the age of emplacement must be much younger. Deformation of the dyke suggests mélange activity was still occurring during this point or may be indicative of later tectonism. SHRIMP analysis of a volcanosedimentary rock collected from a composite lithon above a well- preserved pillow basalt yielded a Late Ordovician age of 452 ± 10 Ma indicating that the sediment was sourced from an active Ordovician island arc system off the eastern margin of Gondwana, possibly the Macquarie arc. SHRIMP analysis of detrital zircons extracted from the Green Mound metasediment tectonically below the melange yielded multiple age populations: Neoproterozoic (ca. 963 – 520 Ma); Ordovician (ca. 516 - 540 Ma); Upper Silurian (ca. 405 - 426 Ma); Uppermost Devonian (ca. 400 - 426 Ma); and Lower Carboniferous (ca. 333 - 368 Ma); the youngest (Carboniferous) age population indicates the maximum age of deposition. The two sediments are therefore unrelated. This research reveals multiple new pieces of evidence for the evolution of the NEO and the eastern Margin of Gondwana. The Rocky Beach Eclogite was thought to be Ordovician but contains Permo- Triassic igneous zircons. Volcaniclastics derived exclusively from an Ordovician island-arc are present within the Port Macquarie Serpentinite Mélange as are Carboniferous volcaniclastics from a more continental “Gondwanan” source. The Tacking Point Gabbro previously interpreted as Permian is dated as Middle shows geochemical similarities with the intra-oceanic island-arc Gamilaroi terrane. An intrusive event occurred during mélange formation and post-dates the age of serpentinization. The Lower Carboniferous age from detrital zircons indicate that the Green Mound metasediment was deposited after the accretion of the Gamilaroi terrane to the eastern margin of Gondwana and lithologies from both may have contributed. 4 Contents TITLE ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Chapter 1 – Introduction ................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Time ................................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 The NEO ............................................................................................................................. 9 1.2.1 The Port Macquarie Coastal Tract ............................................................................. 11 1.2.2 Intrusive rocks of the Gamilaroi and Weraerai terranes at Barry ............................... 12 1.3 Aims ................................................................................................................................. 13 1.4 Location and access.......................................................................................................... 13 1.5 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 15 1.5.1 Crushing/powdering/sawing of rocks ........................................................................ 15 1.5.2 Production of thin sections ......................................................................................
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