DOCSLIB.ORG

Institutional Change and Politics of Constitutional Revision in Japan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Institutional Change and Politics of Constitutional Revision in Japan Institutional Change and Politics of Constitutional Revision in Japan Megumi Murakami Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Prerequisite for Honors in Political Science under the advisement of Katharine H.S. Moon May 2020 2 Acknowledgements The story I tell here would not be possible without the wonderful people mentioned here. The moments I was able to share with each of you motivated me to write and create. No one knows how writing comes about or tells you how to represent an idea. Each of you has showed me how to see things more completely, for what they are, and what they can be. Professor Katharine Moon serves as the impetus for my academic pursuits in historical memory, nationalism, and national-identity. She taught me how to be a critical thinker and refined my ability to make an argument. While I descended into my various rabbit-holes of leads, she would be waiting at the surface to discuss and re-center my efforts. She is both my toughest critic and fiercest supporter. Professor Stacie Goddard guided me when life got off track. In the process of strategizing, I emerged stronger and more resilient. To me, she will always be the ‘empiricist’ as she taught me how put forth a theory and create a research design. At several points during my time at Wellesley, I found myself at a loss for how to proceed. Professor Goddard was always there with a plan. I would like to thank the members of my thesis panel, Professor Lisa Rodensky, Professor Maneesh Arora, and Professor Stacie Goddard for their time and consideration of the ideas I present here. The following professors provided in valuable insight to this research that I would like to thank. In Japan, Professor Koichi Nakano explained how the dynamics of the U.S. – Japan alliance emboldens Abe’s nationalist rhetoric. Professor Alexis Dudden explained the politics of Japan’s territorial claims. Professor Y. Tak Matsusaka taught me the history of Modern Japan and provided context on Japan’s wartime rhetoric. Professors Yoshimi Maeno and Eiko Torii- Williams taught me Japanese and unconditionally supported my research pursuits. Professor Robert Goree provided context on the nexus of Japanese popular culture and right-wing organizations. I would also like to extend a thank you to Daria Hafner and the Clapp Library staff whose efforts gave me access to sources crucial for the empirical work required for thesis research. The team at U.S. Embassy Tokyo – Mike Daschbach, Virsa Perkins, Melinda Pavek, Sharon Ryan, Ai Kaneko, Fumi Tsuchiya, Kaoru Nakata, and Noriko Mizuta – gave me the opportunity to observe and interact with Japanese politicians. Thank you answering my endless questions about the Liberal Democratic Party and Japanese politics. You gave me the ability to contextualize my research. Kaneko-san, I am still working on my bid to be prime minister of Japan. Mike, thank you for taking me under your wing. This research crystalized when I was able to observe party institutions during our meeting at LDP headquarters. To my board of trustees – Amy Lau, Joyce Cheng, Karen Su, Kayla Nakeeb, and Maya Nandakumar – thank you for your unwavering support. Though our time together was cut short, I am confident that we will still have our fun in the years to come. For all of my friends -- I look forward to our many milestones together. 3 My grandfathers, Wai Shing and Yoshio, inspired my interest in postwar history and East Asian politics. Their legacies loom large in my mind to this day. My grandmother, Eileen, jumps up and smiles with every education milestone. She reminds me of why it is so important to pursue an education and why I chose a historically all-women’s college. I am thankful for my parents, Joyce and Shin. My mother always contributed her empathy when I needed it most. She took the time to understand the ideas I present here and encouraged my pursuit of them. My father helped me understand the intricacies of Japanese political culture and language. He consistently provided wisdom about how to make my next move. I would like to dedicate this thesis to my little brother, Seiji. He believed in me when I did not believe in myself. He reminds me of who I am and what I stand for. He inspired me to write with his aptitude for how to translate an idea to a visual medium. Thank you for countless hours of guidance and unconditional love. 4 Table of Contents Introduction 6 History of Article 9 13 Structural Change and Centralization of Party Power 18 Jun’ichirō Koizumi and Top-Down Policymaking 32 Shinzō Abe and Constitutional Reinterpretation 46 Conclusion 64 Bibliography 69 5 Note on Japanese Names and Language This research follows the Western convention in which the given or personal name precedes the family name. Key terms related to the Constitution or Japan’s political system will be italicized next to their English equivalent. Note on Japan’s Parliament Japan’s Parliament is commonly referred to as the Diet. The Diet consists of two chambers. The first is the Lower House, or House of Representatives. The Second is the Upper House, or House of Councilors. 6 Introduction In 2014, Prime Minister Shinzō Abe unilaterally reinterpreted Article 9, a clause in the Japanese Constitution that prohibits the existence of military forces and renounces the right to war. He sidelined the formal process for revision by using a cabinet resolution, circumventing Japan’s parliament. Tens of thousands of Japanese citizens protested the change and Abe’s failure to respect constitutionalism. To them, Article 9 represents a sincere commitment to the ideals of pacifism and Japan’s unique contribution to the world. Following Japan’s surrender to the United States after World War II, General Douglas MacArthur and the U.S. Occupation Government rewrote Japan's constitution to instill a constitutional commitment to pacifism. Since then, pacifism has become part of Japan’s national identity and integral to its mandate for the use of force in the world. However, for Prime Minister Abe and his political party, the Liberal Democratic Party, Article 9 is a humiliating imposition by a foreign power, intended to ensure Japan would never rise again. Prime Minister Abe’s actions are representative of a larger historical movement to revise Article 9. The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) was founded in 1955 on the basis of making Japan a ‘normal’ country, or fully sovereign with a standing military. The party has remained in power since then with the exception of 1993 to 1994 and 2009 to 2012. The LDP’s long tenure as the ruling party allowed them to centralize political power and autonomy over the narratives surrounding Japan’s constitution. As a result, the LDP has incrementally reinterpreted Article 9 through legislative changes to make revision inevitable. The right to collective self-defense is enshrined in Article 51 of the 1945 United Nations Charter, allowing all UN member countries to defend other nations from attack. The Liberal 7 Democratic Party seeks to revise Article 9 to acknowledge the existence of Japan’s Self-Defense Forces (SDF) as well as Japan’s right to engage in collective self-defense, which allows the SDF to use force abroad to defend allies even if Japan is not directly under attack. While Japan has the right to self-defense, the longstanding interpretation of Article 9 was that Japan does not have the right to collective self-defense. To some, the changes that the LDP proposes are insignificant since they are simply updating an outdated document. For example, Japan has been participating in UN peacekeeping operations since 1992. Additionally, the SDF does, in fact, exist, but is not currently included in the constitution. However, the changes the LDP proposes would fundamentally alter how Japan sees itself and its role in the world. Given the implications of such a change in Article 9, the question becomes, how was the LDP able to pursue constitutional revision despite public opposition and why. There are several existing explanations for why the LDP has taken steps to incrementally reinterpret Article 9 beyond its original intent. Japan’s Constitutional Revisionism stems from increased Security Threats in the region Both Japanese and American scholars firmly believe that the motivation for revision is based on a realistic assessment of Japan’s current security threats. Territorial disputes between Japan and China from 2010 to 2012 over the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands exposed Japan’s lack of military planning for defending a territory they claim as their own.1 Scholars note that China may have intentions to change the regional balance of power in the region, given President Xi Jinping’s ambitious efforts to modernize China’s military.2 In addition, both Japan’s waters and airspace 1 Sheila Smith, Japan Rearmed: The Politics of Military Power (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2019), 117. 2 Jennifer Lind, “Asia’s other revisionist power: why U.S. grand strategy Unnerves China,” Foreign Affairs 96, no. 2 (March/April 2017). 8 have been challenged by North Korea through naval encroachment and missile launches.3 According to this explanation, the external threats Japan faces in the region motivate the LDP to increase the SDF’s capabilities and remove Japan’s normative constraints on the use of force. Japan’s Constitutional Revisionism stems from increased Nationalism and Militarism Scholars of Japan’s postwar history explain the LDP’s push for revision as the result of increased nationalism within the party. Nationalism can be defined as an ideology that draws on history, religion, beliefs, customs, and traditions to establish group solidarity that serves the purposes of the nation-state.4 Nationalism is invoked by politicians to connect with voters and generate electoral support and, therefore, contributes to the LDP’s ability to stay in power.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Japan Between the Wars
    JAPAN BETWEEN THE WARS The Meiji era was not followed by as neat and logical a periodi- zation. The Emperor Meiji (his era name was conflated with his person posthumously) symbolized the changes of his period so perfectly that at his death in July 1912 there was a clear sense that an era had come to an end. His successor, who was assigned the era name Taisho¯ (Great Righteousness), was never well, and demonstrated such embarrassing indications of mental illness that his son Hirohito succeeded him as regent in 1922 and re- mained in that office until his father’s death in 1926, when the era name was changed to Sho¯wa. The 1920s are often referred to as the “Taisho¯ period,” but the Taisho¯ emperor was in nominal charge only until 1922; he was unimportant in life and his death was irrelevant. Far better, then, to consider the quarter century between the Russo-Japanese War and the outbreak of the Manchurian Incident of 1931 as the next era of modern Japanese history. There is overlap at both ends, with Meiji and with the resur- gence of the military, but the years in question mark important developments in every aspect of Japanese life. They are also years of irony and paradox. Japan achieved success in joining the Great Powers and reached imperial status just as the territo- rial grabs that distinguished nineteenth-century imperialism came to an end, and its image changed with dramatic swiftness from that of newly founded empire to stubborn advocate of imperial privilege. Its military and naval might approached world standards just as those standards were about to change, and not long before the disaster of World War I produced revul- sion from armament and substituted enthusiasm for arms limi- tations.
    [Show full text]
  • Explaining Party Adaptation to Electoral Reform: the Discreet Charm of the LDP?
    01-J2906 1/9/04 6:27 AM Page 1 ellis s. krauss and robert pekkanen Explaining Party Adaptation to Electoral Reform: The Discreet Charm of the LDP? Abstract: This article traces the effects of Japan’s 1994 electoral reform on Japan’s governing party, the LDP. Factions have lost their central role in nomi- nating candidates and deciding the party presidency but remain important in al- locating party and Diet posts. Unexpectedly, ko¯enkai have grown stronger be- cause they perform new functions. PARC remains important but diminished by the enhanced policymaking role of party leaders in the coalition government. A central theme is unpredicted organizational adaptation—“embedded choice”— since 1994. We speculate on how this flexibility of the LDP, adapting old orga- nizational forms to new incentives, its “discreet charm,” may affect Japanese politics and the LDP’s potential longevity in power. The decade that has passed since Japan fundamentally reformed the elec- toral system that had been in place since 1947, one that also had been used for part of the prewar period, is enough time to begin to assess the conse- quences of that system for the way the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) mobilizes votes, and for its internal personnel and policymaking organization. It is perhaps most surprising that the LDP continues in power We are grateful to Gerry Curtis and Yoso Furumoto, for their interview introductions and other suggestions, and to Matt Shugart, for his insights on electoral reform consequences. We thank Len Schoppa, Ofer Feldman, and Komako Tanaka for interview suggestions; Meg McKean and Masahiko Tatebayashi for sharing their ongoing research; and Pablo Pinto, Verena Blechinger, John Campbell, Mikitaka Masuyama, Aurelia George Mulgan, Satoshi Machidori, Steve Reed, and Yutaka Tsujinaka for feedback on our research and earlier versions of this ar- ticle.
    [Show full text]
  • Nationalism in Japan's Contemporary Foreign Policy
    The London School of Economics and Political Science Nationalism in Japan’s Contemporary Foreign Policy: A Consideration of the Cases of China, North Korea, and India Maiko Kuroki A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, February 2013 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of <88,7630> words. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by Josh Collins and Greg Demmons. 2 of 3 Abstract Under the Koizumi and Abe administrations, the deterioration of the Japan-China relationship and growing tension between Japan and North Korea were often interpreted as being caused by the rise of nationalism. This thesis aims to explore this question by looking at Japan’s foreign policy in the region and uncovering how political actors manipulated the concept of nationalism in foreign policy discourse.
    [Show full text]
  • The Otaku Phenomenon : Pop Culture, Fandom, and Religiosity in Contemporary Japan
    University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-2017 The otaku phenomenon : pop culture, fandom, and religiosity in contemporary Japan. Kendra Nicole Sheehan University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, Japanese Studies Commons, and the Other Religion Commons Recommended Citation Sheehan, Kendra Nicole, "The otaku phenomenon : pop culture, fandom, and religiosity in contemporary Japan." (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2850. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2850 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE OTAKU PHENOMENON: POP CULTURE, FANDOM, AND RELIGIOSITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN By Kendra Nicole Sheehan B.A., University of Louisville, 2010 M.A., University of Louisville, 2012 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Humanities Department of Humanities University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky December 2017 Copyright 2017 by Kendra Nicole Sheehan All rights reserved THE OTAKU PHENOMENON: POP CULTURE, FANDOM, AND RELIGIOSITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN By Kendra Nicole Sheehan B.A., University of Louisville, 2010 M.A., University of Louisville, 2012 A Dissertation Approved on November 17, 2017 by the following Dissertation Committee: __________________________________ Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Samoan Aidscape: Situated Knowledge and Multiple Realities of Japan’S Foreign Aid to Sāmoa
    THE SAMOAN AIDSCAPE: SITUATED KNOWLEDGE AND MULTIPLE REALITIES OF JAPAN’S FOREIGN AID TO SĀMOA A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN GEOGRAPHY DECEMBER 2012 By Masami Tsujita Dissertation Committee: Mary G. McDonald, Chairperson Krisnawati Suryanata Murray Chapman John F. Mayer Terence Wesley-Smith © Copyright 2012 By Masami Tsujita ii I would like to dedicate this dissertation to all who work at the forefront of the battle called “development,” believing genuinely that foreign aid can possibly bring better opportunities to people with fewer choices to achieve their life goals and dreams. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation is an accumulation of wisdom and support from the people I encountered along the way. My deepest and most humble gratitude extends to my chair and academic advisor of 11 years, Mary G. McDonald. Her patience and consideration, generously given time for intellectual guidance, words of encouragement, and numerous letters of support have sustained me during this long journey. Without Mary as my advisor, I would not have been able to complete this dissertation. I would like to extend my deep appreciation to the rest of my dissertation committee members, Krisnawati Suryanata, Terence Wesley-Smith, Lasei Fepulea‘i John F. Mayer, and Murray Chapman. Thank you, Krisna, for your thought-provoking seminars and insightful comments on my papers. The ways in which you frame the world have greatly helped improved my naïve view of development; Terence, your tangible instructions, constructive critiques, and passion for issues around the development of the Pacific Islands inspired me to study further; John, your openness and reverence for fa‘aSāmoa have been an indispensable source of encouragement for me to continue studying the people and place other than my own; Murray, thank you for your mentoring with detailed instructions to clear confusions and obstacles in becoming a geographer.
    [Show full text]
  • A Participatory Study of the Self-Identity of Kibei Nisei Men: a Sub Group of Second Generation Japanese American Men William T
    The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Doctoral Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects 1993 A Participatory Study of the Self-Identity of Kibei Nisei Men: A Sub Group of Second Generation Japanese American Men William T. Masuda University of San Francisco Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/diss Part of the Asian American Studies Commons, Asian History Commons, Migration Studies Commons, Race and Ethnicity Commons, Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Masuda, William T., "A Participatory Study of the Self-Identity of Kibei Nisei Men: A Sub Group of Second Generation Japanese American Men" (1993). Doctoral Dissertations. 472. https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/472 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The author of this thesis has agreed to make available to the University community and the public a copy of this thesis project. Unauthorized reproduction of any portion of this thesis is prohibited. The quality of this reproduction is contingent upon the quality of the original copy submitted. University of San Francisco Gleeson Library/Geschke Center 2130 Fulton Street San Francisco, CA 94117-1080 USA The University of San Francisco A PARTICIPATORY STUDY OF THE SELF-IDENTITY OF KIBEI NISEI MEN: A SUB GROUP OF SECOND GENERATION JAPANESE AMERICAN MEN A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty ofthe School ofEducation Counseling and Educational Psychology Program In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Education by William T.
    [Show full text]
  • Democratization and Electoral Reform
    Comparative Political Studies Volume XX Number X Month XX X-X © Sage Publications Democratization and 10.1177/0010414006299097 http://cps.sagepub.com hosted at Electoral Reform in the http://online.sagepub.com Asia-Pacific Region Is There an “Asian Model” of Democracy? Benjamin Reilly Australian National University During the past two decades, numerous Asia-Pacific states have made the transition to democracy founded on basic political liberties and freely con- tested elections. A little-noticed consequence of this process has been strik- ingly congruent reforms to key political institutions such as electoral systems, political parties, and parliaments. The author argues that, across the region, these reforms have been motivated by common aims of promoting govern- ment stability, reducing political fragmentation, and limiting the potential for new entrants to the party system. As a result, similar strategies of institutional design are evident in the increasing prevalence of “mixed-member majoritar- ian” electoral systems, new political party laws favoring the development of aggregative party systems, and constraints on the enfranchisement of regional or ethnic minorities. Comparing the outcomes of these reforms with those of other world regions, the author argues that there has been an increasing con- vergence on an identifiable “Asian model” of electoral democracy. Keywords: democracy; electoral systems; political parties; Asia-Pacific he closing decades of the 20th century were years of unprecedented Tpolitical reform in the Asia-Pacific region. Major transitions from authoritarian rule to democracy began with the popular uprising against the Marcos regime in the Philippines in 1986 and the negotiated transitions from military-backed, single-party governments in Korea and Taiwan in 1987, moving on to the resumption of civilian government in Thailand in 1992, the UN intervention in Cambodia in 1993, the fall of Indonesia’s Suharto regime in 1998, and the international rehabilitation of East Timor that culminated in 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • La Ruta Chilena Hacia El Sol Naciente
    La ruta chilena hacia el Sol Naciente Serie Asia Pacífico BIBLIOTECA DEL CONGRESO NACIONAL DE CHILE (BCN) Auspiciado por Director Manuel Alfonso Pérez Guiñez FUNDACIÓN COMPAÑÍA DE ACERO DEL PACÍFICO (CAP) FUNDACIÓN CAP Presidente: Eduardo Frei Bolívar (COMPAÑÍA DE ACERO DEL PACÍFICO) Edición a cargo de: Sofía Calvo Foxley (editor general), Co-auspiciado por Cristian Toloza Castillo, Pablo Morales Estay, Daniel Avendaño Caneo (investigadores) y Deborah Cassis Reig (analista). Colaboradores Mauricio Phelan Martínez, Enrique Ahumada Benítez, David Azócar Bordones, Mario Barretto Romero Equipo Audiovisual Marco Campos Padilla María Paz Collao Pino, José León Blanco Ilustración de portada y contraportada: Jael Apablaza Diagramación y Diseño Racic y José León Blanco © BIBLIOTECA DEL CONGRESO NACIONAL DE CHILE © FUNDACIÓN CAP Registro de Propiedad Intelectual Inscripción: A-284717 Segunda edición digital: noviembre 2017 Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile Edificio del Congreso Nacional, Av. Pedro Montt s/n, Valparaíso, Chile. Fundación CAP Avenida Isidora Goyenechea 3365, of. 904, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile. ISBN: 978-956-7629-38-1 06. Prólogo 08. Presentación del Presidente de la Cámara de Diputados 10. Presentación del Presidente del Senado 12. Introducción 15. Dos viejos conocidos 27. Los desafíos de Japón en la tercera década del siglo XXI 41. El peso de la historia 61. Valorando la armonía 71. Explorando una nueva cultura 85. Negocios en Japón 97. La mujer en Japón y Chile 107. Celebrando los 130 años 118. Prefacio 120. Entrevistados 126. Cronología del intercambio parlamentario 136. Modelo de cooperación técnica entre Chile y Japón 138. Cronología de la cooperación técnica 140. Anexo Infográfico Contenidos 144. Agradecimientos La ruta chilena hacia el Sol Naciente Prólogo Manuel Afonso Pérez Guiñez Director de la Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile La conmemoración de los 120 años de relaciones para la acción.
    [Show full text]
  • Phenomenon: a Case Study of the "Iron Triangle" in the Postal Industry and Postal Reforms in Japan
    The changing nature of the "Iron Triangle" phenomenon: a case study of the "Iron Triangle" in the postal industry and postal reforms in Japan Rakhmanko, Alena 2015 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Rakhmanko, A. (2015). The changing nature of the "Iron Triangle" phenomenon: a case study of the "Iron Triangle" in the postal industry and postal reforms in Japan. (Working papers in contemporary Asian studies; No. 44). Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 The Changing Nature of the "Iron Triangle" Phenomenon: A Case Study of the "Iron Triangle" in the Postal Industry and Postal Reforms in Japan Alena Rakhmanko* Working Paper No 44 2015 Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies Lund University, Sweden www.ace.lu.se * Alena Rakhmanko was a student on the Masters Programme in Asian Studies, Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University between 2009-2011.
    [Show full text]
  • Do Socio-Economic Conditions Influence Dynastic Politics? Initial Evidence from the 16Th Lok Sabha of India
    WORKING PAPER Do Socio-Economic Conditions Influence Dynastic Politics? Initial Evidence from the 16th Lok Sabha of India Ronald U. Mendoza AIM Rizalino S. Navarro Policy Center for Competitiveness Jan Fredrick P. Cruz AIM Rizalino S. Navarro Policy Center for Competitiveness Unnikrishnan Alungal MDM Batch 2014 AIM Stephen Zuellig Graduate School of Development Management RSN-PCC WORKING PAPER 15-011 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT RIZALINO S. NAVARRO POLICY CENTER FOR COMPETITIVENESS WORKING PAPER Do Socio-Economic Conditions Influence Dynastic Politics? Initial Evidence from the 16th Lok Sabha of India Ronald U. Mendoza AIM Rizalino S. Navarro Policy Center for Competitiveness Jan Fredrick P. Cruz AIM Rizalino S. Navarro Policy Center for Competitiveness Unnikrishna Alungal MDM Batch 2014 AIM Stephen Zuellig Graduate School of Development Management AUGUST 2015 The authors would like to thank Dr. Sounil Choudhary of the University of Delhi; Dr. Kripa Ananthpur of the Madras Institute of Development Studies; Ms. Chandrika Bahadur of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network; Mr. Appu Lenin of the Jawaharlal Nehru University; and Mr. Siddharth Singh of the Centre for Research on Energy Security for helpful comments on an earlier draft. This working paper is a discussion draft in progress that is posted to stimulate discussion and critical comment. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Asian Institute of Management. Corresponding authors: Ronald U. Mendoza, AIM Rizalino S. Navarro Policy Center for Competitiveness Tel: +632-892-4011. Fax: +632-465-2863. E-mail: [email protected] Jan Fredrick P. Cruz, AIM Rizalino S. Navarro Policy Center for Competitiveness Tel: +632-892-4011.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. the Politics of Legacy
    UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Succeeding in politics : dynasties in democracies Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dv7f7bb Authors Smith, Daniel Markham Smith, Daniel Markham Publication Date 2012 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Succeeding in Politics: Dynasties in Democracies A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science by Daniel Markham Smith Committee in charge: Professor Kaare Strøm, Chair Professor Gary W. Cox Professor Gary C. Jacobson Professor Ellis S. Krauss Professor Krislert Samphantharak Professor Matthew S. Shugart 2012 ! Daniel Markham Smith, 2012 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Daniel Markham Smith is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2012 iii DEDICATION To my mother and father, from whom I have inherited so much. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature page……………………………………………………………………………iii Dedication………………………………………………………………………………...iv Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………….v List of Abbreviations………………………….………………………………………....vii List of Figures……………………………...……………………………………………viii List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………...x Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………………….xii Vita………………………………………………………………………………………xv Abstract………………………………………………………………………………….xvi 1. The
    [Show full text]
  • Expert Voices on Japan Security, Economic, Social, and Foreign Policy Recommendations
    Expert Voices on Japan Security, Economic, Social, and Foreign Policy Recommendations U.S.-Japan Network for the Future Cohort IV Expert Voices on Japan Security, Economic, Social, and Foreign Policy Recommendations U.S.-Japan Network for the Future Cohort IV Arthur Alexander, Editor www.mansfieldfdn.org The Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation, Washington, D.C. ©2018 by The Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation All rights reserved. Published in the United States of America Library of Congress Control Number: 2018942756 The views expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation or its funders. Contributors Amy Catalinac, Assistant Professor, New York University Yulia Frumer, Assistant Professor, Johns Hopkins University Robert Hoppens, Associate Professor, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Nori Katagiri, Assistant Professor, Saint Louis University Adam P. Liff, Assistant Professor, Indiana University Ko Maeda, Associate Professor, University of North Texas Reo Matsuzaki, Assistant Professor, Trinity College Matthew Poggi Michael Orlando Sharpe, Associate Professor, City University of New York Jolyon Thomas, Assistant Professor, University of Pennsylvania Kristin Vekasi, Assistant Professor, University of Maine Joshua W. Walker, Managing Director for Japan and Head of Global Strategic Initiatives, Office of the President, Eurasia Group U.S.-Japan Network for the Future Advisory Committee Dr. Susan J. Pharr, Edwin O. Reischauer Professor
    [Show full text]