The Representation of Latin@S in Media: a Negation of Blackness

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Representation of Latin@S in Media: a Negation of Blackness Publication of the afro-latin/american research association (Palara) ISSN 2639-1295 Fall 2018 • Issue 22 doi:10.32855/palara.2018.004 The Representation of Latin@s in Media: A Negation of Blackness Yadira Nieves-Pizarro • Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico Abstract The denial of African ancestry in the articulation of Latin@ identity is evident in Latin@ media in the United States. Furthermore, there is limited representation of Afro-Latin@s in current programming even though they claim to appeal to all Latin@s in the US and in Latin America. This trend has its roots in Latin American discourse of mestizaje and reproduces itself in Latin American media content that is exported to the diaspora in the United States. This article reviews the sociological reasons for the invisibility of Afro descendants in Latin America and the Hispanic Caribbean. Finally, this manuscript will account for how this population has been represented in Latin American, Latin@, and US mainstream media. Keywords: Latin@ identity, Latin American television, Latin@ television, Latin@/Afro-Latin@ representation in media he concept Latin@1 has served as a political tool to Latin@ Identity in the United States advance recognition of Latin American immigrant Tgroups in the United States. Nevertheless, United The development of panethnic identities in the United States notions of Latin@ rely on stereotypical shared char- States is a product of US ethnic and racial classification. acteristics such as cultural symbols and language. Moreover, Immigrants from Latin America and the Hispanic Caribbean Latin@s of African descent are invisible from the construc- have been commonly branded as Latin@s. This category tion of the concept, as Black and Latin@ are separate and alludes to individuals from different countries and comprises mutually exclusive categories that challenge the romantic immigrants and several generations of people born in the notion of mestizaje. Likewise, blackness is habitually regarded US, individuals of distinct socio-economic backgrounds as problematic to Latin@ identity creation (Hernández 2003; and those who became part of the nation through territori- Newby & Dowling 2007). al extension such as Puerto Ricans and part of the Mexican The negation of the African element in the Latin@ American population. For instance, Chicanos developed identity is perceived in Latin@ media in the United States. in isolation from the Mexican government and were sub- Television news, talk shows, and telenovelas have limited rep- sequently cut off from the motherland as a result of the resentation of Afro-Latin@s. Television networks such as Mexican-American War in 1848. Telemundo and Univision market an ideal Latin@ identity In that same vein, Puerto Rico did not become a part that transcends nationalities and appeals to Latin@s in the of the US until 1898. The US took over the archipelago as a US and in Latin America (Sommers 1991). This image per- result of the Spanish-American War and has governed it as a petuates the invisibility of Afro-Latin@s and the visibility of colony since then. Through the Jones Act, Congress granted Latin@ whiteness. In this article, I discuss the elements of Puerto Ricans US citizenship in 1917. The ties between the latinidad and the challenges with identity that Afro-Latin@s United States and Puerto Rico, as well as economic problems, face. Furthermore, I briefly consider the representations have promoted migratory waves towards the mainland after of Blacks in Brazilian, Colombian, Peruvian, Puerto Rican, World War II and in the present decade. In general, Puerto Latin@, and United States television. Ricans settled in New York City, Chicago, and recently in Page 29 Page 30 YADIRA NIEVES-PIZARRO Florida (Collazo, Ryan, and Bauman 2010; Motel and Patten primarily identify with their country of origin, the overlap- 2012; Calderon 1992). Puerto Ricans have more freedom ping of latinidad and national origin will vary depending on of mobility between the mainland and their homeland, the context and social interactions (Diaz Mcconnell and which contributes to a strong Puerto Rican ethnic identity Delgado-Romero 2004). For example, if a Latin@ is in a (Rodriguez-Cortez 1990; Cohn, Patten, and Lopez 2014; mainstream professional setting, he or she may identify as Calderon 1992). Latin@, whereas in the company of other Latin@s he or she Regardless of their place of origin, age group or financial will stress his/her national origin of identity, e.g. Venezuelan, status, in the United States, Latin@s embrace this space to Mexican, etc. Indeed, Latin@s will adhere to their own par- build their individual and group identities, and for practical ticular identities before embracing Latin@ panethnici- and emotional purposes (Itzigsohn 2004). Moreover, re- ty (Calderon 1992; Jones-Correa and Leal 1996). In short, searchers conceive Latin@ identity formation as a process. Latin@s may assume one label or the other depending on the In general, common cultural characteristics; recognition as social environment (Diaz Mcconnell and Delgado-Romero Latin@, rather than national-origin-based ethnicity; common 2004; Sommers 1991). For example, in the political arena, political concerns; and increasing contact with Latin@ pop- Puerto Rican and Chicano activist groups in Chicago unite ulations of different ancestries form the foundation of a around collective action coining the term Latin@ although Latin@ identity. Nevertheless, the embracing or rejection they have distinct national identities. A common language of this identity will depend on the individual’s class, race, and an awareness of being different from other social groups nation, religion, gender, sexuality, immigrant status, and gen- enabled political mobilization in response to common struc- eration. Each element assigns different and often contradic- tural conditions in education, housing, and economics. tory meanings to what it is to be a Latin@ (Lavriega Monforti Consequently, panethnic unity among Latin@s is situational 2014; Itzigsohn 2004). Black identity is often made invisible specific (Calderon 1992). in Caribbean and Latin American society, which influences Thus, latinismo in the United States is an “imagined Afro-Latin@s’ self-identification. community”2 that commands deep emotional legitimacy Some scholars who study Latin@ identity underscore (Anderson 2006; Sommers 1991). Jones-Correa (1996) posits the panethnic aspect of this concept. Panethnic groups are a that Latin@ panethnicity is a complex phenomenon as indi- conglomerate of individuals who represent separate nations viduals merge multiple identities in different ways. Latin@ but are bound together by supraethnic attributes, such as groups in the United States are fairly distinct even inter- language and culture (Sommers 1991). Latino identity is nally. Panethnic unity is possible for collective action, but also referred to as latinidad or latinismo (Lavriega Monforti the development of a Latin@ identity in practice is yet to 2014; Sommers 1991). Thus, the use of the Spanish language, be seen (Calderon 1992). Nevertheless, there is a trend of ethnic-racial mixture, political socialization, and immigra- implicit homogenization that denies the national, linguistic, tion are among the core cultural characteristics of Latin@ social, cultural, gendered, racial, religious and political ex- identity (Lavriega Monforti 2014). Nonetheless, Latin@ periences of Latin Americans (Jones-Correa and Leal 1996). groups vary in historical experience, socioeconomic status, As I will discuss later, both Latin@ and mainstream media and identity (Calderon 1992). Upon considering Mexican in the United States portray Latin@ panethnicity as a reality, Americans and Puerto Ricans, the two largest Latin@ groups blending distinct identities into one. in the United States, one has to conclude that their history and place of settlement in the United States makes them two distinct groups (Collazo, Ryan, and Bauman 2010; Motel and Blacks in Latin America, the Hispanic Patten 2012. Caribbean, and the Ideal of Mestizaje This article focuses on the racial aspect of latinidad. Throughout the history of the Hispanic Caribbean and As previously stated, latinidad manifests for instrumen- Latin America, there has been a continuous intermingling tal reasons such as activist action. Political outcomes and of lineages producing hybrid populations of Indigenous, media marketing strategies that unite Hispanics under the Spanish, African, Asian, and European descendants (Blanco flag of Latin@ identity engulf the differences among groups. 1985; Lavriega Monforti 2014). In recognition of this inter- However, the invisibility of certain group characteristics, mixing, the US Census Bureau classifies Latin@s in both such as race, is rooted in a history of colonialism. racial and ethnic terms, leading to the popularity of the A majority of Hispanic Caribbean and Latin Americans term Hispanic. In an effort to distinguish Latin@s from the possess a mixture of Indigenous, European, and African US dichotomized understanding of race, latinidad offers a heritage. After centuries of miscegenation, there are potential unifying factor for Latin@s in the United States numerous racial variants in each nation. Latin American (Lavriega Monforti 2014). countries have been classified as mestizo nations with indige- Conversely, Latin@ identity may coexist with affil- nous and Hispanic heritage. Countries with visible Afro-Latin iations of Latin-American identity. Although Latin@s American
Recommended publications
  • Racism Is a Virus Toolkit
    Table of Contents About This Toolkit.............................................................................................................03 Know History, Know Racism: A Brief History of Anti-AANHPI Racism............04 Exclusion and Colonization of AANHPI People.............................................04 AANHPI Panethnicity.............................................................................................07 Racism Resurfaced: COVID-19 and the Rise of Xenophobia...............................08 Continued Trends....................................................................................................08 Testimonies...............................................................................................................09 What Should I Do If I’m a Victim of a Hate Crime?.........................................10 What Should I Do If I Witness a Hate Crime?..................................................12 Navigating Unsteady Waters: Confronting Racism with your Parents..............13 On Institutional and Internalized Anti-Blackness..........................................14 On Institutionalized Violence...............................................................................15 On Protests................................................................................................................15 General Advice for Explaning Anti-Blackness to Family.............................15 Further Resources...................................................................................................15
    [Show full text]
  • The Centrality of Telenovelas in Latin America's
    The centrality of telenovelas in Latin America’s everyday life: Past tendencies, current knowledge, and future research Antonio C. La Pastina Texas A&M University [email protected] Cacilda M. Rego University of Kansas [email protected] Joseph D. Straubhaar University of Texas at Austin [email protected] Every evening, millions of viewers throughout Latin America tune in their television sets to watch telenovelas. For more than thirty years now telenovelas have dominated primetime programming on most of the region’s television. And here Latin America refers to more than a geographic area: it covers a culturally constructed region that goes from the southern tip of South America to the United States, where one can watch daily telenovelas on the two Hispanic networks, Univision and Telemundo,[i] and Canada. In the last few decades Brazilian and Mexican telenovelas, and to a lesser extent Venezuelan, Colombian, Argentineans and others, have been exported to more than a hundred nations around the world (Melo, 1988). In this increasingly international scenario, Latin American telenovelas have been aired in other Portuguese and Spanish speaking markets, and in dubbed and sometimes edited versions in many different national contexts (Allen, 1995; McAnany, 1984; Melo, 1988; Sinclair, 1996; Straubhaar, 1996). This international presence has challenged the traditional debate of cultural imperialism and North-South flow of media products (Sinclair, 1996; Wilkinson, 1995). Telenovelas’ popularity has lead to its increased scrutiny among scholars and the media industry, and yet it seems that not everyone is talking about the same thing. A number of arguments start with the contention that Latin American telenovela is a mere showcase for “bourgeois society” with the pernicious effect of mitigating – through the illusion of abundance – the unfulfilled material aspirations of its audience, all the while legitimating a way of life that takes consumerism to the extreme (Oliveira, 1993).
    [Show full text]
  • The Invention of Asian Americans
    The Invention of Asian Americans Robert S. Chang* Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 947 I. Race Is What Race Does ............................................................................................ 950 II. The Invention of the Asian Race ............................................................................ 952 III. The Invention of Asian Americans ....................................................................... 956 IV. Racial Triangulation, Affirmative Action, and the Political Project of Constructing Asian American Communities ............................................ 959 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 964 INTRODUCTION In Fisher v. University of Texas,1 the U.S. Supreme Court will revisit the legal status of affirmative action in higher education. Of the many amicus curiae (friend of the court) briefs filed, four might be described as “Asian American” briefs.2 * Copyright © 2013 Robert S. Chang, Professor of Law and Executive Director, Fred T. Korematsu Center for Law and Equality, Seattle University School of Law. I draw my title from THEODORE W. ALLEN, THE INVENTION OF THE WHITE RACE, VOL. 1: RACIAL OPPRESSION AND SOCIAL CONTROL (1994), and THEODORE W. ALLEN, THE INVENTION OF THE WHITE RACE, VOL. 2: THE ORIGIN OF RACIAL OPPRESSION IN ANGLO AMERICA (1997). I also note the similarity of my title to Neil Gotanda’s
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Testing the Effectiveness of an Entertainment-Education Health
    Investigación & Desarrollo ISSN: 0121-3261 [email protected] Universidad del Norte Colombia Arroyave, Jesús Testing the effectiveness of an entertainment-education health-focused soap opera: exposure and post-discussion in colombian young adults Investigación & Desarrollo, vol. 16, núm. 2, 2008, pp. 232-261 Universidad del Norte Barranquilla, Colombia Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=26816204 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative testing the effectiveness of an entertainment-education health-focused soap opera: exposure and post-discussion in colombian young adults Jesús Arroyave jesús arroyave cabrera ph. d. en comunicaciones, univeristy of miami, usa master in communication and information studies, rutgers university, usa. magíster en educación, universidad javeriana – norte. profesor asistente, universidad del norte. [email protected] investigación y desarrollo vol. 16, n° 2 (2008) - issn 0121-3261 232 abstract Entertainment-Education interventions were evaluated using quantitative and qualitative methodologies to assess what specific variables may make communication strategy more effective. Varia- bles including length of the Entertainment-Education serial dra- ma and the post-viewing discussion sessions in their relation to cognitive, attitudinal and behavioral intentional outcomes were examined using experimental design and focus group discussions. It was concluded that the length of the Education-Entertainment serial drama did not produce significant change in the overall efficacy of the intervention. Overall the goal of this paper is to extend the research on a promising form of health intervention that has the potential to make the difference in our society.
    [Show full text]
  • Uncovering Nodes in the Transnational Social Networks of Hispanic Workers
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2013 Uncovering nodes in the transnational social networks of Hispanic workers James Powell Chaney Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Chaney, James Powell, "Uncovering nodes in the transnational social networks of Hispanic workers" (2013). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 3245. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3245 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. UNCOVERING NODES IN THE TRANSNATIONAL SOCIAL NETWORKS OF HISPANIC WORKERS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geography & Anthropology by James Powell Chaney B.A., University of Tennessee, 2001 M.S., Western Kentucky University 2007 December 2013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS As I sat down to write the acknowledgment for this research, something ironic came to mind. I immediately realized that I too had to rely on my social network to complete this work. No one can achieve goals without the engagement and support of those to whom we are connected. As we strive to succeed in life, our family, friends and acquaintances influence us as well as lend a much needed hand.
    [Show full text]
  • The Making and Unmaking of Ethnic Boundaries: a Multilevel Process Theory1
    The Making and Unmaking of Ethnic Boundaries: A Multilevel Process Theory1 Andreas Wimmer University of California, Los Angeles Primordialist and constructivist authors have debated the nature of ethnicity “as such” and therefore failed to explain why its charac- teristics vary so dramatically across cases, displaying different de- grees of social closure, political salience, cultural distinctiveness, and historical stability. The author introduces a multilevel process theory to understand how these characteristics are generated and trans- formed over time. The theory assumes that ethnic boundaries are the outcome of the classificatory struggles and negotiations between actors situated in a social field. Three characteristics of a field—the institutional order, distribution of power, and political networks— determine which actors will adopt which strategy of ethnic boundary making. The author then discusses the conditions under which these negotiations will lead to a shared understanding of the location and meaning of boundaries. The nature of this consensus explains the particular characteristics of an ethnic boundary. A final section iden- tifies endogenous and exogenous mechanisms of change. TOWARD A COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY OF ETHNIC BOUNDARIES Beyond Constructivism The comparative study of ethnicity rests firmly on the ground established by Fredrik Barth (1969b) in his well-known introduction to a collection 1 Various versions of this article were presented at UCLA’s Department of Sociology, the Institute for Migration Research and Intercultural Studies of the University of Osnabru¨ ck, Harvard’s Center for European Studies, the Center for Comparative Re- search of Yale University, the Association for the Study of Ethnicity at the London School of Economics, the Center for Ethnicity and Citizenship of the University of Bristol, the Department of Political Science and International Relations of University College Dublin, and the Department of Sociology of the University of Go¨ttingen.
    [Show full text]
  • Brazilian.Perspectives E.Pdf
    edited by Paulo Sotero Daniel Budny BRAZILIAN PERSPECTIVES ON THE UNITED STATES: ADVANCING U.S. STUDIES IN BRAZIL Paulo Sotero editado por Brazil Institute BRAZILIAN PERSPECTIVES ON THE UNITED STATES ADVANCING U.S. STUDIES IN BRAZIL Edited by Paulo Sotero Daniel Budny January 2007 Available from the Latin American Program and Brazil Institute Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars One Woodrow Wilson Plaza 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20004-3027 www.wilsoncenter.org ISBN 1-933549-13-0 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals con- cerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television, and the monthly news-letter “Centerpoint.” For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org.
    [Show full text]
  • Predicting Ethnic Boundaries Sun-Ki Chai
    European Sociological Review VOLUME 21 NUMBER 4 SEPTEMBER 2005 375–391 375 DOI:10.1093/esr/jci026, available online at www.esr.oxfordjournals.org Online publication 22 July 2005 Predicting Ethnic Boundaries Sun-Ki Chai It is increasingly accepted within the social sciences that ethnic boundaries are not fixed, but contingent and socially constructed. As a result, predicting the location of ethnic boundaries across time and space has become a crucial but unresolved issue, with some scholars arguing that the study of ethnic boundaries and predictive social science are fun- damentally incompatible. This paper attempts to show otherwise, presenting perhaps the first general, predictive theory of ethnic boundary formation, one that combines a coher- ence-based model of identity with a rational choice model of action. It then tests the the- ory’s predictions, focusing in particular on the size of populations generated by alternative boundary criteria. Analysis is performed using multiple datasets containing information about ethnic groups around the world, as well as the countries in which they reside. Perhaps the best-known innovation in contemporary encompassing all ascriptively-based group boundaries, theories of ethnicity is the idea that ethnic boundaries including those based upon race, religion, language, are not predetermined by biology or custom, but malle- and/or region. Characteristics such as religion, language, able and responsive to changes in the surrounding social and region are viewed as ascriptive rather than cultural environment. Ethnicity is seen to be socially con- because they are typically defined for purposes of ethnic- structed, and the nature of this construction is seen to ity to refer not to the current practice or location of indi- vary from situation to situation.1 This in turn has linked viduals, but rather to their lineage, the customs of their to a more general concern with the contruction of social ancestors.
    [Show full text]
  • De-Conflating Latinos/As' Race and Ethnicity
    UCLA Chicana/o Latina/o Law Review Title Los Confundidos: De-Conflating Latinos/As' Race and Ethnicity Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nx2r4pj Journal Chicana/o Latina/o Law Review, 19(1) ISSN 1061-8899 Author Sandrino-Glasser, Gloria Publication Date 1998 DOI 10.5070/C7191021085 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California LOS CONFUNDIDOS: DE-CONFLATING LATINOS/AS' RACE AND ETHNICITY GLORIA SANDRmNO-GLASSERt INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................71 I. LATINOS: A DEMOGRAPHIC PORTRAIT ..............................................75 A. Latinos: Dispelling the Legacy of Homogenization ....................75 B. Los Confundidos: Who are We? (Qui6n Somos?) ...................77 1. Mexican-Americans: The Native Sons and D aughters .......................................................................77 2. Mainland Puerto Ricans: The Undecided ..............................81 3. Cuban-Americans: Last to Come, Most to Gain .....................85 II. THE CONFLATION: AN OVERVIEW ..................................................90 A. The Conflation in Context ........................................................95 1. The Conflation: Parts of the W hole ..........................................102 2. The Conflation Institutionalized: The Sums of All Parts ...........103 B. The Conflation: Concepts and Definitions ...................................104 1. N ationality ..............................................................................104
    [Show full text]
  • Telenovela, Reception and Social Debate1 Telenovela, Recepción Y Debate Social
    AMIGO, B., BRAVO, M. y OSORIO, F. Soap operas, reception and social debate CUADERNOS.INFO Nº 35 ISSN 0719-3661 Versión electrónica: ISSN 0719-367x http://www.cuadernos.info doi: 10.7764/cdi.35.654 Received: 10-15-2014 / Accepted: 11-25-2014 Telenovela, reception and social debate1 Telenovela, recepción y debate social BERNARDO AMIGO, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ([email protected]) MARÍA CECILIA BRAVO, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ([email protected]) FRANCISCO OSORIO, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile ([email protected]) ABSTRACT RESUMEN The essay summarises qualitative empirical research El artículo sintetiza un conjunto de investigaciones on Chilean television carried out between 2007 and empíricas cualitativas sobre la ficción televisiva en 2014. The article focuses on the interactive mecha- Chile, realizadas entre 2007 y 2014. Específicamente, nism that mutually influences television and viewers se centra en los mecanismos de interacción que se through fiction (telenovela). It concludes that the configuran entre la televisión y los telespectadores a dynamic of social debate can influence the symbo- través del género televisivo de la telenovela. Concluye lic conditions for the production of television dis- que las dinámicas del debate social pueden influir course, argument that opposes the classic thesis of en las condiciones simbólicas para la producción de television direct effects on society. discursos en la televisión, argumento que es contrario a la tesis clásica de los efectos directos de la televisión en la sociedad. Keywords: Telenovela, identification, media representa- Palabras clave: Telenovela, identificación, representación tion, social uses, gender. mediática, usos sociales, género. •How to cite: Amigo,CUADERNOS.INFO B., Bravo, M.
    [Show full text]
  • Glocalized Telenovelas and National Identities A
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography Glocalized telenovelas and national identities A ‘textual cum production’ analysis of the ‘telenovelle’ Sara, the Flemish adaptation of Yo soy Betty, la fea Fien Adriaens & Daniel Biltereyst Abstract This article examines the globalization of the telenovela format in relation to issues of adaptation, proximities and national identities. As a case study of glocalized telenovelas, it deals with the domestic adaptation of one of the most popular Latin American telenovelas, Yo soy Betty, la fea (1999-2001) into the „telenovelle‟ Sara (2007-08), which takes place in a Belgian (more specifically Flemish) context. Therefore, this article specifically asks how Flemish identities are represented through the production process of Sara. While examining the international flow of telenovelas and the cross-cultural adaptation of the telenovela format, this case study considers an additional geopolitical and cultural context, as well as confronts and combines thematic textual analysis with expert interviews. Considering the successful export of „canned‟ telenovelas and the adaptation of this format within the framework of national identity and identification, this paper deals with the emergence of the „telenovelle‟ as a local genre that is inspired by, and modifies, the Latin American original format. 1 Introduction This article focuses on the globalization of the telenovela format in relation to issues of adaptation and national identities. It deals with the question of how the telenovela format is successfully adapted to regions outside Latin America, particularly in Western Europe. Since a television format‟s success is closely tied to the local and national culture, and domestic television programs play a crucial role in the construction and reproduction of national identities (Biltereyst, 1991; Straubhaar, 1991; Waisbord, 2004), we question whether and how national identities are represented through production decisions in the creation process.
    [Show full text]
  • Building Panethnic Coalitions in Asian American, Native Hawaiian And
    Building Panethnic Coalitions in Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Communities: Opportunities & Challenges This paper is one in a series of evaluation products emerging states around the country were supported through this pro- from Social Policy Research Associates’ evaluation of Health gram, with the Asian & Pacific Islander American Health Forum Through Action (HTA), a $16.5 million, four-year W.K. Kellogg serving as the national advocacy partner and technical assis- Foundation supported initiative to reduce disparities and tance hub. advance healthy outcomes for Asian American, Native Hawai- Each of the HTA partners listed below have made mean- ian, and Pacific Islander (AA and NHPI) children and families. ingful inroads towards strengthening local community capacity A core HTA strategy is the Community Partnerships Grant to address disparities facing AA and NHPIs, as well as sparked Program, a multi-year national grant program designed to a broader national movement for AA and NHPI health. The strengthen and bolster community approaches to improv- voices of HTA partners – their many accomplishments, moving ing the health of vulnerable AA and NHPIs. Ultimately, seven stories, and rich lessons learned from their experience – serve AA and NHPI collaboratives and 11 anchor organizations in 15 as the basis of our evaluation. National Advocacy Partner HTA Organizational Partners Asian & Pacific Islander American Health Forum – West Michigan Asian American Association – Asian Pacific American Network of Oregon HTA Regional
    [Show full text]