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Egovernment in EE Country Profile Highlights Strategy inside Legal Framework Actors Infrastructure Services for Citizens Services for Businesses What’s eGovernment in Estonia ISA² Visit the e-Government factsheets online on Joinup.eu Joinup is a collaborative platform set up by the European Commission as part of the ISA² programme. ISA² supports the modernisation of the Public Administrations in Europe. Joinup is freely accessible. It provides an observatory on interoperability and e-Government and associated domains like semantic, open source and much more. Moreover, the platform facilitates discussions between public administrations and experts. It also works as a catalogue, where users can easily find and download already developed solutions. The main services are: Have all information you need at your finger tips; Share information and learn; Find, choose and re-use; Enter in discussion. This document is meant to present an overview of the eGoverment status in this country and not to be exhaustive in its references and analysis. Even though every possible care has been taken by the authors to refer to and use valid data from authentic sources, the European Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the included information, nor does it accept any responsibility for any use thereof. Cover picture © AdobeStock Content © European Commission © European Union, 2018 Reuse is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged. eGovernment in Estonia May 2018 Country Profile ...................................................................................................... 1 eGovernment Highlights........................................................................................ 7 eGovernment Strategy .......................................................................................... 9 eGovernment Legal Framework .......................................................................... 11 eGovernment Actors ........................................................................................... 16 eGovernment Infrastructure ............................................................................... 22 eGovernment Services for Citizens ...................................................................... 27 eGovernment Services for Businesses ................................................................. 34 eGovernment in Estonia May 2018 Country Profile Basic data and indicators Basic Data Population (1000): 1,315,635 inhabitants (2017) GDP at market prices: 23,002.3 million Euros (2017) GDP per inhabitant in PPS (Purchasing Power Standard EU 28=100): 75 (2016) GDP growth rate: 4.9% (2017) Inflation rate: 3.7% (2017) Unemployment rate: 5.8% (2017) General government gross debt (Percentage of GDP): 9.0% (2017) General government deficit/surplus (Percentage of GDP): -0.3% (2017) Area: 45,226 km2 Capital city: Tallinn Official EU language: Estonian Currency: EUR Source: Eurostat (last update: 8 February 2018) [1] eGovernment in Estonia May 2018 Political Structure Estonia is a parliamentary republic. Legislative power lies within the unicameral Parliament, called the State Assembly (Riigikogu in Estonian). The Assembly has 101 members, elected by popular vote, to serve four-year terms. Members are elected on the basis of a proportional system, and a 5 % splinter party threshold applies for those wishing to take part in parliamentary activities. Estonia’s Head of State is the President, elected for a five-year term by the Riigikogu. The Government, exercising executive power, is formed by the Prime Minister, nominated by the president and a total of 14 ministers. The Government is appointed by the President with the approval of the Parliament. Estonia is divided into 15 counties and 213 urban and rural municipalities (towns and parishes), whose powers and responsibilities are established by the Local Government Organisation Act of June 1993. The Government of each county is led by a County Governor, who represents the national Government at regional level and is appointed by the Central Government for a term of five years. Local self-government is exercised solely at the municipal level. The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia was adopted on 28 June 1992. Estonia became a member of the European Union on 1 May 2004. Head of State: President Kersti Kaljulaid (since 10 October 2016). Head of Government: Prime Minister Jüri Ratas (since 23 November 2016). [2] eGovernment in Estonia May 2018 Information Society Indicators Generic Indicators The following graphs present data for the latest Generic Information Society Indicators for Estonia compared to the EU average. Statistical indicators in this section reflect those of Eurostat at the time the Edition is being prepared. Percentage of households with Percentage of enterprises with Internet access in Estonia Internet access in Estonia 90% 97% 87% 84% 81% 96% 78% 75% 72% 95% 69% 66% EU28 EU28 63% Estonia Estonia 0 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators : Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Percentage of individuals using the internet at least once a week in Estonia 90% 85% 80% 75% 70% 65% EU28 Estonia 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators [3] eGovernment in Estonia May 2018 Percentage of households with a Percentage of enterprises with a broadband connection in Estonia broadband connection in Estonia 90% 98% 85% 96% 80% 94% 75% 92% 70% 90% 65% 88% 60% EU28 EU28 86% 55 Estonia Estonia 0 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Percentage of individuals having Percentage of enterprises having purchased/ordered online in the last received orders online within the three months in Estonia previous year in Estonia 50% 18% 45% 16% 40% 14% 35% 12% 30% 10% 25% 8% 20% 6% 15% 4% 10% EU28 EU28 5% 2% Estonia Estonia 0 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators [4] eGovernment in Estonia May 2018 eGovernment Indicators The following graphs present data for the latest eGovernment Indicators for Estonia compared to the EU average. Statistical indicators in this section reflect those of Eurostat at the time the Edition is being prepared. Percentage of individuals using the Percentage of individuals using the internet for interacting with public internet for obtaining information from authorities in Estonia public authorities in Estonia 90% 90% 80% 80% 70% 70% 60% 60% 50% 50% 40% 40% 30% 30% 20% 20% EU28 EU28 10% 10% Estonia Estonia 0 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Percentage of individuals using the Percentage of individuals using the internet for downloading official forms internet for submitting completed from public authorities in Estonia forms to public authorities in Estonia 45% 80% 40% 70% 35% 60% 30% 50% 25% 40% 20% 30% 15% 20% 10% EU28 EU28 5% 10% Estonia Estonia 0 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators [5] eGovernment in Estonia May 2018 eGovernment State of Play The graph below is the result of the latest eGovernment Benchmark report, which monitors the development of eGovernment in Europe, based on specific indicators. These indicators are clustered within four main top-level benchmarks: User Centricity – indicates to what extent (information about) a service is provided online and how this is perceived. Transparent Government – indicates to what extent governments is transparent regarding: i) their own responsibilities and performance, ii) the process of service delivery and iii) personal data involved. Cross Border Mobility – indicates to what extent EU citizens and businesses can use online services in another country. Key Enablers – indicates the extent to which five technical pre-conditions are available online. There are: Identification (eID), Electronic documents (eDocuments), Authoritative Sources, and Digital Post. Digital Post refers to the possibility that governments communicate electronically-only with citizens or entrepreneurs through, for example, personal mailboxes or other digital mail solutions. This year’s measurement has selected a set of four life events that cover the most common domains of public services, representative for both businesses and citizens: Starting a business and early trading operations; Losing and finding a Job; Studying; Family Life (new life event, measured for the first time). The figure below presents the development of eGovernment in Estonia compared to the EU average score. Source: eGovernment Benchmark Report 2017 Country Factsheets [6] eGovernment in Estonia May 2018 eGovernment Highlights Main eGovernment changes and key milestones in 2017 eGovernment Strategy The current Digital Agenda 2020 for Estonia is in force and is being implemented, therefore, no new strategies or action plans have been created. Estonia will start the preparation of a new digital agenda in 2018. eGovernment Legal Framework A draft for ‘Personal Data Protection Act’ was prepared by the Ministry of Justice
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