Ingá-Poca (Sclerolobium Densiflorum)1
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ESTUDO MORFO-ANATÔMICO DA MADEIRA, CASCA E FOLHA DE DUAS VARIEDADES VICARIANTES DE Sclerolobium Paniculatum VOGEL (LEGUMINOSAE, CAESALPINIOIDEAE) DE MATA E CERRADO
ESTUDO MORFO-ANATÔMICO DA MADEIRA, CASCA E FOLHA DE DUAS VARIEDADES VICARIANTES DE Sclerolobium paniculatum VOGEL (LEGUMINOSAE, CAESALPINIOIDEAE) DE MATA E CERRADO BENEDITO ALÍSIO DA SILVA PEREIRA Eng2 Agrônomo ORIENTADOR: Prof9 Dr. MÁRIO TOMAZELLO FILHO Dissertação apresentada a Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", da Universidade de são Paulo, para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Florestais. PIRACICABA Estado ae são Paulo - Brasil Dezembro de 1990 Ficha catalográfica preparada pela Seção de Livros da Divisão de Biblioteca e Documentação - PCAF/USP Pereira, Benedito Alísio da Silva P436e Estudo morfo-anatômico da madeira , casca e folha de duas variedades vicariantes de Sclerolobium pani culatum Vogel(Leguminosae, caesalpinioideae) de mata e cerrado, Piracicaba, 1991. 192p, ilus, Diss, (Mestre) - ESALQ Bibliografia. 1, Cavoeiro - Anatomia 2, Cavoeiro - Casca 3, Ca voeiro - Folha 4. Cavoeiro - Morfologia 5. Cavoeiro - Variedade vicariante 6, Cerrado - Vegetação 7, Madei ra de cavoeiro 1, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba. CDD 634,97332 ESTUDO MORFO-ANATÔMICO DA MADEIRA, CASCA E FOLHA DE DUAS VARIEDADES VICARIANTES DE Sclerolobium paniculatum VOGEL {LEGUMINOSAE, CAESALPINIOIDEAE) DE MATA E CERRADO BENEDITO ALÍSIO DA SILVA PEREIRA APROVADO EM : 20.03.1991 COMISSÃO JULGADORA: - Prof. Dr. MÁRIO TOMAZELLO FILHO - ESALQ/USP - Dr. JOÃO PERES CHIMELO - IPT/SP - Prof. Dr. JOSÉ ELIAS DE PAULA - IB/UnB Prof. Dr. MÁRIO TOMAZELLO FILHO Orientador ii À Lusinete e Cláudia Eliane DEDICO iii A G R A D E C I M E N T O S Diversas pessoas e instituições contribuiram para que esta Dissertação se tornasse realidade. Consigno aqui meus melhores agradecimentos a todas, principalmente: à Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística IBGE, pela liberação para cursar. -
Itto Fd 33195 Ecological, Social and Economic
ITTO FD 33195 ECOLOGICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF INCREASED HARVESTING OF LESSER-USED SPECIES (LUS) (^Oof^. S^'^p^I(Bam'L ^^^^.I^ , ^., ^^, , *;. J , ^ ~< i. \;,."\,. I eq I ~, ,. ^., ^^ . .. ,,* ,;;.^. .~ ,. ". ,.* .,,. * !;, #,. ^,*. C ~^I\ f, r"" .re* A 1<n '-*! .\;-}!s" I "L " 6 2 ,.,,,* 'b. * *~ ~. * -.~ .. .,._ .,._,.=,.- ..,. ...,*--..-~ ,;~ .,;.,.*."..,~-~J. >'\ .'.;.' '.'t' "-~'., ' ., * . I~ , :*-. * , .^ * ,, , * . :,.;'; '-..,,:- 'L. ": " ~ , .-^.:-',.... ".'^'\* .\'*:;;.-' , ' ,,,,,.,... ,'*;';*~.,-I. J :;;>".*' ' a. ,^^!'~; E, ,;- .'*"" \J ."*";;'I. + .,, ":a, .t!;*'. --et'.'.\. .. e +~,. I. -*, ~:,:, t's~,*.; .'- , ' ,,*p-- . , * ,.. , By Appian, S. K. , Sjisi-Wilson, E. , Agyeman, V. K. , Onsin, G. and Binkorang, G. 'Timber Export Development Board (TEDB), Takoradi 'Ministry of Lands and Forestry (MLF), ACcra 'Forestry Research Institute of Ghana (FORIG), KonTasi Forestry Consultant Table of Content Page Chapter One I .O Introduction I . I Objectives, Scope and Methodology 2 I .2 Forest Resources of Brazil 3 I .3 Forest Resources of Peru 4 I .4 The General Structure of Timber Industry in both Brazil and Peru 6 Chapter Two 2.0 Ecological Impacts if Logging and Harvesting 8 2. I Logging Experience and Studies 8 2.1. , Impacts of Harvesting on the Forest Ecology 10 2.1.2 Logging Damages 12 2.1.2.1 Effects on Canopy Cover 13 2.1.2.2 Logging Yields and Associated Harvesting Damage 14 2.1.3 Regeneration in Logged forest 15 2.14 Vine Abundance and Density 17 2.1.5 Micro Habitat Changes Following Logging 18 2.1.6 Effects on Other Biodiversity 22 2.2 Ecological Impacts of Increased Commercial Logging 22 2.21 Brazilian Situation 23 22.1. I Canopy Opening 23 2.2.1.2 Logging Disturbance to Trees 24 2.21.3 Ground Area Disturbance 25 2.2.1.4 Flora and Fauna 26 2.2. -
A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname
Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname Editors: Leeanne E. Alonso and Trond H. Larsen 67 CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL - SURINAME CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ANTON DE KOM UNIVERSITY OF SURINAME THE SURINAME FOREST SERVICE (LBB) NATURE CONSERVATION DIVISION (NB) FOUNDATION FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION CONTROL (SBB) SURINAME CONSERVATION FOUNDATION THE HARBERS FAMILY FOUNDATION Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed RAP (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname Bulletin of Biological Assessment 67 Editors: Leeanne E. Alonso and Trond H. Larsen CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL - SURINAME CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ANTON DE KOM UNIVERSITY OF SURINAME THE SURINAME FOREST SERVICE (LBB) NATURE CONSERVATION DIVISION (NB) FOUNDATION FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION CONTROL (SBB) SURINAME CONSERVATION FOUNDATION THE HARBERS FAMILY FOUNDATION The RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment is published by: Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA USA 22202 Tel : +1 703-341-2400 www.conservation.org Cover photos: The RAP team surveyed the Grensgebergte Mountains and Upper Palumeu Watershed, as well as the Middle Palumeu River and Kasikasima Mountains visible here. Freshwater resources originating here are vital for all of Suriname. (T. Larsen) Glass frogs (Hyalinobatrachium cf. taylori) lay their -
Combined Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Interfamilial Relationships and Patterns of floral Evolution in the Eudicot Order Fabales
Cladistics Cladistics 1 (2012) 1–29 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00392.x Combined phylogenetic analyses reveal interfamilial relationships and patterns of floral evolution in the eudicot order Fabales M. Ange´ lica Belloa,b,c,*, Paula J. Rudallb and Julie A. Hawkinsa aSchool of Biological Sciences, Lyle Tower, the University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6BX, UK; bJodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK; cReal Jardı´n Bota´nico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, CP 28014 Madrid, Spain Accepted 5 January 2012 Abstract Relationships between the four families placed in the angiosperm order Fabales (Leguminosae, Polygalaceae, Quillajaceae, Surianaceae) were hitherto poorly resolved. We combine published molecular data for the chloroplast regions matK and rbcL with 66 morphological characters surveyed for 73 ingroup and two outgroup species, and use Parsimony and Bayesian approaches to explore matrices with different missing data. All combined analyses using Parsimony recovered the topology Polygalaceae (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). Bayesian analyses with matched morphological and molecular sampling recover the same topology, but analyses based on other data recover a different Bayesian topology: ((Polygalaceae + Leguminosae) (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). We explore the evolution of floral characters in the context of the more consistent topology: Polygalaceae (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). This reveals synapomorphies for (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Suri- anaceae)) as the presence of free filaments and marginal ⁄ ventral placentation, for (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae) as pentamery and apocarpy, and for Leguminosae the presence of an abaxial median sepal and unicarpellate gynoecium. An octamerous androecium is synapomorphic for Polygalaceae. The development of papilionate flowers, and the evolutionary context in which these phenotypes appeared in Leguminosae and Polygalaceae, shows that the morphologies are convergent rather than synapomorphic within Fabales. -
Rbcl and Legume Phylogeny, with Particular Reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae, and Allies Tadashi Kajita; Hiroyoshi Ohashi; Yoichi Tateishi; C
rbcL and Legume Phylogeny, with Particular Reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae, and Allies Tadashi Kajita; Hiroyoshi Ohashi; Yoichi Tateishi; C. Donovan Bailey; Jeff J. Doyle Systematic Botany, Vol. 26, No. 3. (Jul. - Sep., 2001), pp. 515-536. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0363-6445%28200107%2F09%2926%3A3%3C515%3ARALPWP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-C Systematic Botany is currently published by American Society of Plant Taxonomists. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/journals/aspt.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. The JSTOR Archive is a trusted digital repository providing for long-term preservation and access to leading academic journals and scholarly literature from around the world. The Archive is supported by libraries, scholarly societies, publishers, and foundations. It is an initiative of JSTOR, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community take advantage of advances in technology. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. -
Wood Anatomy of Seven Species of Tachigali (Caesalpinioideae–Leguminosae)
MacedoIAWA et Journalal. – Wood 35 (1),anatomy 2014: of 19–30 Tachigali 19 WOOD ANATOMY OF SEVEN SPECIES OF TACHIGALI (CAESALPINIOIDEAE–LEGUMINOSAE) Tahysa M. Macedo 1, Claudia F. Barros 2,*, Haroldo C. Lima2 and Cecília G. Costa1, 2 1Programa de Pós-graduação Ciências Biológicas (Botânica), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil 2Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisa Científica, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-030 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil *Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected] absTracT This article describes the wood anatomy of seven species of Tachigali Aublet with the aim of identifying 1) diagnostic characters at the species level and 2) anatomical features with potential for future combined morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Tachigali species present fibre dimorphism and can be grouped according to the arrangement of the thin-walled fibres: tangential bands of thin-walled fibres alternating with thick-walled fibres, as in T. duckei and T. vulgaris; wavy bands , as in T. paratyensis, T. glauca and T. vulgaris; well-developed bands to describe the abundance of thin-walled fibres in contrast to thick-walled fibres, as inT. denudata and T. pilgeriana; and in islands or groups of thin-walled fibres scattered among ordinary fibres. It is recommended to explore the phylogenetic significance of the different types of fibre dimorphism in future combined molecular and morphological cladistics analyses. Keywords: Wood anatomy, systematics, Sclerolobium, Tachigali, Fabaceae. INTRODUCTION Tachigali Aublet includes about 60–70 species and is Neotropical in distribution, extending from Costa Rica to southern Brazil and Paraguay. -
Wood Density Variation in Neotropical Forests Page 1
Wood density variation in Neotropical forests Page 1 1 Regional and phylogenetic variation of wood density across 2,456 neotropical tree 2 species 3 4 Jérôme Chave1,*, Helene C. Muller-Landau2, Timothy R. Baker3, Tomás A. Easdale4,**, Hans 5 ter Steege5, Campbell O. Webb6 6 7 1 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS UMR5174, Université Paul Sabatier 8 Bâtiment 4R3, 31062 Toulouse, France 9 2 Dept of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford 10 Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA 11 3 Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, 12 UK 13 4 Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ecológicas de las Yungas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, 14 Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, CC 34, CP 4107 Yerba Buena, Argentina 15 5 National Herbarium of the Netherlands NHN, Utrecht University branch, Heidelberglaan 2, 16 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands. 17 6 Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, 22 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 18 19 * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] 20 ** Present address: School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, 21 Gwynedd LL57 2UW, Wales, UK 22 23 Abstract length: 294 words. Wood density variation in Neotropical forests Page 2 24 Abstract 25 Wood density is a crucial variable in carbon accounting programs of both secondary and old- 26 growth tropical forests. It also is the best single descriptor of wood: it correlates with 27 numerous morphological, mechanical, physiological, and ecological properties. To explore 28 the extent to which wood density could be estimated for rare or poorly censused taxa, and 29 possible sources of variation in this trait, we analysed regional, taxonomic, and phylogenetic 30 variation in wood density among 2,456 tree species from Central and South America. -
Classification and Description of World Formation Types
CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF WORLD FORMATION TYPES PART II. DESCRIPTION OF WORLD FORMATIONS (v 2.0) Hierarchy Revisions Working Group (Federal Geographic Data Committee) 2012 Don Faber-Langendoen, Todd Keeler-Wolf, Del Meidinger, Carmen Josse, Alan Weakley, Dave Tart, Gonzalo Navarro, Bruce Hoagland, Serguei Ponomarenko, Jean-Pierre Saucier, Gene Fults, Eileen Helmer This document is being developed for the U.S. National Vegetation Classification, the International Vegetation Classification, and other national and international vegetation classifications. July 18, 2012 This report was produced by NVC partners (NatureServe, Ecological Society of America, U.S. federal agencies) through the Federal Geographic Data Committee. Printed from NatureServe Biotics on 24 Jul 2012 Citation: Faber-Langendoen, D., T. Keeler-Wolf, D. Meidinger, C. Josse, A. Weakley, D. Tart, G. Navarro, B. Hoagland, S. Ponomarenko, J.-P. Saucier, G. Fults, E. Helmer. 2012. Classification and description of world formation types. Part I (Introduction) and Part II (Description of formation types, v2.0). Hierarchy Revisions Working Group, Federal Geographic Data Committee, FGDC Secretariat, U.S. Geological Survey. Reston, VA, and NatureServe, Arlington, VA. i Classification and Description of World Formation Types. Part II: Formation Descriptions, v2.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The work produced here was supported by the U.S. National Vegetation Classification partnership between U.S. federal agencies, the Ecological Society of America, and NatureServe staff, working through the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Vegetation Subcommittee. FGDC sponsored the mandate of the Hierarchy Revisions Working Group, which included incorporating international expertise into the process. For that reason, this product represents a collaboration of national and international vegetation ecologists. -
Redalyc.Composition, Structure and Floristic Diversity in Dense Rain Forest
Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences ISSN: 1679-9283 [email protected] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Veiga Carim, Marcelo de Jesus; da Silva Guimarães, José Renan; Leôncio Tostes, Luciedi de Cássia; Takiyama, Luís Roberto; Wittmann, Florian Composition, structure and floristic diversity in dense rain forest in the Eastern Amazon, Amapá, Brazil Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences, vol. 37, núm. 4, octubre-diciembre, 2015, pp. 419- 426 Universidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=187143301004 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Acta Scientiarum http://www.uem.br/acta ISSN printed: 1679-9283 ISSN on-line: 1807-863X Doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v37i4.27536 Composition, structure and floristic diversity in dense rain forest in the Eastern Amazon, Amapá, Brazil Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim1,2*, José Renan da Silva Guimarães1, Luciedi de Cássia Leôncio Tostes1,3, Luís Roberto Takiyama1 and Florian Wittmann4 1Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, km10, 68903-419, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil. 2Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. 3Programa de Pós- graduação em Ciências de Florestas Tropicais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. 4Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Biogeochemistry, Mainz, Germany. *Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. This study aims to evaluate the phytosociology and floristic composition of tree species in the eastern Amazon, at the Iratapuru River Sustainable Development Reserve (RDS), State of Amapá. -
RPPN Ouro Verde Plano De Manejo Sep 17, 2014
Plano de Manejo Reserva Particular de Patrimônio Natural Ouro Verde Dr. Kevin M. Flesher Gerente de Pesquisa Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade Reserva Ecológica Michelin Igrapiúna, Bahia Setembro 17, 2014 Contracapa Autor: Dr. Kevin M. Flesher, Ecólogo, Gerente de Pesquisa, Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade, Reserva Ecológica Michelin Proprietário: Plantações Michelin da Bahia, Ltda. Jurídica Michelin responsável pela criação da RPPN: Daniela De Avilez Demoro Agradecimentos Agradecemos a Eric Cavaloc e Ubirajara Swinerd diretores das Plantações Michelin da Bahia Ltda. e Daniela De Avilez Demoro do Departamento Jurídico da Michelin Rio de Janeiro pelo criação da RPPN Ouro Verde. Agradecemos a André Souza dos Santos, administrador da Reserva Ecológica Michelin, e Antônia Atanásio Luz de Jesus e Danilo Costa Leite pela participação diária na administração da RPPN. Agradecemos aos guardas florestais Valdir de Jesus Sena, Camilo de Jesus, Edenildo Oliveira e Rosivan dos Santos por protegerem a RPPN de caçadores e outros intrusos. Agradecemos aos seguintes cientistas pela ajuda de diagnóstico: Dr. Pedro Lima, MSc. Tasso Meneses Lima (FTC), MSc. Marco Antonio de Freitas (ICMBio), Dra. Flora Acunã Juncá (UEFS/UFBA), MSc. Felipe Camurugi Almeida Guimarães (UEFS), MSc. Caio Vinicius de Mira Mendes (UESC), MSc. Danilo Silva Ruas (UESC), MSc. Renan Manoel Oliveira (UESC), Dr. Mirco Solé (UESC), Dr. Alexandre Clistenes de Alcântara Santos (UEFS), Dr. Leonardo Evangelista Moraes (UEFS), MSc. Marissol Pascoal Ferreira (UEFS), Dr. Marconi Porto Sena (UEFS), MSc. Perimar Espírito Santo Moura (UEFS), Dra. Elaine Cambuí Barbosa (UFBA), Dr. Rodrigo N. Vasconcelos (UFBA), Dr. B. F.Viana (UFBA), Dra. Janete Jane Resende (UEFS), Dr. Gilberto M. de M. -
Legume Phylogeny and Classification in the 21St Century: Progress, Prospects and Lessons for Other Species-Rich Clades
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2013 Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades Legume Phylogeny Working Group ; Bruneau, Anne ; Doyle, Jeff J ; Herendeen, Patrick ; Hughes, Colin E ; Kenicer, Greg ; Lewis, Gwilym ; Mackinder, Barbara ; Pennington, R Toby ; Sanderson, Michael J ; Wojciechowski, Martin F ; Koenen, Erik Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-78167 Journal Article Published Version Originally published at: Legume Phylogeny Working Group; Bruneau, Anne; Doyle, Jeff J; Herendeen, Patrick; Hughes, Colin E; Kenicer, Greg; Lewis, Gwilym; Mackinder, Barbara; Pennington, R Toby; Sanderson, Michael J; Wojciechowski, Martin F; Koenen, Erik (2013). Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades. Taxon, 62(2):217-248. TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013: 217–248 LPWG • Legume phylogeny and classification REVIEWS Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: Progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades The Legume Phylogeny Working Group1 This paper was compiled by Anne Bruneau,2 Jeff J. Doyle,3 Patrick Herendeen,4 Colin Hughes,5 Greg Kenicer,6 Gwilym Lewis,7 Barbara Mackinder,6,7 R. Toby Pennington,6 Michael J. Sanderson8 and Martin F. Wojciechowski9 who were equally responsible and listed here in alphabetical order only, with contributions from Stephen Boatwright,10 Gillian Brown,11 Domingos Cardoso,12 Michael Crisp,13 Ashley Egan,14 Renée H. Fortunato,15 Julie Hawkins,16 Tadashi Kajita,17 Bente Klitgaard,7 Erik Koenen,5 Matt Lavin18, Melissa Luckow,3 Brigitte Marazzi,8 Michelle M. -
Floral Biology, Flowering Phenology and Floral Visitors of Five Insect-Pollinated Tree Species in a Tropical Lowland Rainforest Remnant of Pernambuco, Brazil
Institut für Systematische Botanik und Ökologie Universität Ulm Floral Biology, Flowering Phenology and Floral Visitors of Five Insect-Pollinated Tree Species in a Tropical Lowland Rainforest Remnant of Pernambuco, Brazil Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat. der Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften der Universität Ulm vorgelegt von Leonhard Krause aus Luckenwalde Jahr der Promotion: 2008 Amtierender Dekan: Prof. Dr. Klaus-Dieter Spindler 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Gerhard Gottsberger 2. Gutachter: Tag der Promotion: Table of contents I Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................. I Acknowledgements.................................................................................................................................................I Index of scientific terms and abbreviations used in the text (including non-SI units) .....................................I 1 SUMMARY........................................................................................................... I 2 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ....................................................................................... I 3 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 1 3.1 Tree reproduction in tropical lowland rainforests...............................................................................1 3.2 General species characterisation and state of the art .........................................................................