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Defense Industry Restructuring in Russia
S t a n f o r d U n i v e r s i t y C I S A C Center for International Security and Arms Control The Center for International Security and Arms Control, part of Stanford University’s Institute for International Studies, is a multidisciplinary community dedicated to research and train- ing in the field of international security. The Center brings together scholars, policymakers, scientists, area specialists, members of the business community, and other experts to examine a wide range of international security issues. CISAC publishes its own series of working papers and reports on its work and also sponsors a series, Studies in International Se- curity and Arms Control, through Stanford University Press. Center for International Security and Arms Control Stanford University 320 Galvez Street Stanford, California 94305-6165 (415) 723-9625 http://www-leland.stanford.edu/group/CISAC/ Contents Acknowledgments iv Executive Summary v I Introduction 1 Section One: Case Studies II The Central Aerohydrodynamic Research Institute (TsAGI) 9 III ELVIS+ and The Moscow Center for SPARC Technology (MCST) 28 IV Impuls 45 V The Mashinostroenie Enterprise 59 VI The Saratov Aviation Plant 79 Section Two: Analysis VII Privatization at Four Enterprises 111 VIII Organizational Restructuring 137 IX Principal Differences in Accounting Systems in Russia 163 and the United States X Reallocation of the Social Services 183 XI Conclusion 207 Glossary 216 1 Acknowledgments Many people have contributed to this report, and still more have contributed to the research leading up to it. In writing this report, we have not attempted to reach consensus among the authors on the interpretations to be drawn from the data. -
Road Level Crossing Protection Equipment
Engineering Procedure Signalling CRN SM 013 ROAD LEVEL CROSSING PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Version 2.0 Issued December 2013 Owner: Principal Signal Engineer Approved by: Stewart Rendell Authorised by: Glenn Dewberry Disclaimer. This document was prepared for use on the CRN Network only. John Holland Rail Pty Ltd makes no warranties, express or implied, that compliance with the contents of this document shall be sufficient to ensure safe systems or work or operation. It is the document user’s sole responsibility to ensure that the copy of the document it is viewing is the current version of the document as in use by JHR. JHR accepts no liability whatsoever in relation to the use of this document by any party, and JHR excludes any liability which arises in any manner by the use of this document. Copyright. The information in this document is protected by Copyright and no part of this document may be reproduced, altered, stored or transmitted by any person without the prior consent of JHR. © JHR UNCONTROLLED WHEN PRINTED Page 1 of 66 Issued December 2013 Version 2.0 CRN Engineering Procedure - Signalling CRN SM 013 Road Level Crossing Protection Equipment Document control Revision Date of Approval Summary of change 1.0 June 1999 RIC Standard SC 07 60 01 00 EQ Version 1.0 June 1999. 1.0 July 2011 Conversion to CRN Signalling Standard CRN SM 013. 2.0 December 2013 Inclusion of Safetran S40 and S60 Mechanisms, reformatting of figures and tables, and updating text Summary of changes from previous version Section Summary of change All Include automated -
Modeling of ERTMS Level 2 As an Sos and Evaluation of Its Dependability Parameters Using Statecharts Siqi Qiu, Mohamed Sallak, Walter Schön, and Zohra Cherfi-Boulanger
This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination. IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL 1 Modeling of ERTMS Level 2 as an SoS and Evaluation of its Dependability Parameters Using Statecharts Siqi Qiu, Mohamed Sallak, Walter Schön, and Zohra Cherfi-Boulanger Abstract—In this paper, we consider the European Rail Traffic INCOSE International Council on Systems Engineering. Management System (ERTMS) as a System-of-Systems (SoS) and GSM-R Global System for Mobile communications— propose modeling it using Unified Modeling Language statecharts. Railways. We define the performance evaluation of the SoS in terms of dependability parameters and average time spent in each state RTM Radio Transmission Module. (working state, degraded state, and failed state). The originality BTM Balise Transmission Module. of this work lies in the approach that considers ERTMS Level 2 TIU Train Interface Unit. as an SoS and seeks to evaluate its dependability parameters by DMI Driver Machine Interface. considering the unavailability of the whole SoS as an emergent EVC European Vital Computer. property. In addition, human factors, network failures, Common- Cause Failures (CCFs), and imprecise failure and repair rates are RBC Radio Block Center. taken into account in the proposed model. EEIG European Economic Interest Group. MUT Mean Up Time. Index Terms—Common-Cause Failures (CCFs), dependability, emergent property, European Rail Traffic Management System MDT Mean Down Time. (ERTMS), human factors, network failures, statecharts, System- MTTF Mean Time to Failure. of-Systems (SoS). MTBF Mean Time Between Failures. ACRONYMS ERTMS European Rail Traffic Management System. -
Tver If You Are on the Group Flight, You Will Be Met at the Airport by Your RLUS Representatives
Your Arrival in Tver If you are on the group flight, you will be met at the airport by your RLUS representatives. There may be many students coming through all at once, so please be patient. You will then be taken to Tver in a minibus provided by the university, and will be taken to your accommodation. The journey to Tver is relatively short - approximately 2 hours and 30 minutes depending on traffic. If you are not travelling with the RLUS group flight, you will be expected to make your own way to Tver and to your accommodation. We will provide you with your address and transport information in this case. Public transport from the airport is reasonably-priced and easily navigable. All Moscow airports have a train service to the city, called Aeroexpress. The train costs 500 roubles and takes approximately 45 minutes to get to the city, depending on which airport you arrive at. When you arrive at the station, follow the signs to the metro, which is characterised by a big red M. You can buy tickets from the ticket office inside. Once you arrive into central Moscow, you can take an elektrichka train to Tver – these are small, local trains for which you do not need to buy a ticket in advance. You’d better take a local high-speed train called “Lastochka” Moscow – Tver. It takes 1 hour and 40 min. to get to Tver. It costs 535 roubles. You should buy a ticket at a railway station cash desk or from machines at the train station. -
In the Lands of the Romanovs: an Annotated Bibliography of First-Hand English-Language Accounts of the Russian Empire
ANTHONY CROSS In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of The Russian Empire (1613-1917) OpenBook Publishers To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/268 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917) Anthony Cross http://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2014 Anthony Cross The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the text; to adapt it and to make commercial use of it providing that attribution is made to the author (but not in any way that suggests that he endorses you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Cross, Anthony, In the Land of the Romanovs: An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917), Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/ OBP.0042 Please see the list of illustrations for attribution relating to individual images. Every effort has been made to identify and contact copyright holders and any omissions or errors will be corrected if notification is made to the publisher. As for the rights of the images from Wikimedia Commons, please refer to the Wikimedia website (for each image, the link to the relevant page can be found in the list of illustrations). -
Level Crossing Technology 65 Selcat Project: Level Crossing Technology 67 1
Editors Very year more than 1200 El-Miloudi EL-KOURSI (INRETS) accidents occur at level Louahdi KHOUDOUR (INRETS) crossings in the european E Neda LAZAREVIC (INRETS) union with more than 330 people killed. Level crossings have been Laszlo TORDAI (UIC) identified as being a particular weak Roman SLOVÁK (TUBS) point in road infrastructure seriou- sely affecting road safety. SAFER EUROPEAN LEVEL CROSSING APPRAISAL These procedings present the first results of the SELCAT project AND TECHNOLOGY “Safer European Level Crossing Appraisal And Technology” funded by the European commission. EUROPEAN LEVELAPPRAISAL CROSSING TECHNOLOGY AND SAFER Actes n°117 First Workshop Mai 2008 “Appraisal” Prix : 15,24 ¤ May 16th 2007 Editors 1 7 Villeneuve d’Ascq (France) ° 1 El-Miloudi EL-KOURSI INRETS-ESTAS N S Louahdi KHOUDOUR INRETS-ESTAS E T Neda LAZAREVIC INRETS-ESTAS °117 C Laszlo TORDAI UIC A Roman SLOVÁK TUBS INRETS n ISSN 0769-0266 ISBN 978-2-85782-663-7 Actes LES COLLECTIONS DE L’INRETS Conformément à la note du 04/07/2014 de la direction générale de l'Ifsttar précisant la politique de diffusion des ouvrages parus dans les collections éditées par l'Institut, la reproduction de cet ouvrage est autorisée selon les termes de la licence CC BY-NC-ND. Cette licence autorise la redistribution non commerciale de copies identiques à l’original. Dans ce cadre, cet ouvrage peut être copié, distribué et communiqué par tous moyens et sous tous formats. Attribution — Vous devez créditer l'Oeuvre et intégrer un lien vers la licence. Vous devez indiquer ces informations par tous les moyens possibles mais vous ne pouvez pas suggérer que l'Ifsttar vous soutient ou soutient la façon dont vous avez utilisé son Oeuvre. -
RUSSIA and CHINA and Central Asia Programme at ISPI
RUSSIA AND CHINA. ANATOMY OF A A PARTNERSHIP OF AND RUSSIA CHINA. ANATOMY Aldo Ferrari While the “decline of the West” is now almost taken is Head of the Russia, Caucasus for granted, China’s impressive economic performance RUSSIA AND CHINA and Central Asia Programme at ISPI. and the political influence of an assertive Russia in the international arena are combining to make Eurasia a key Founded in 1934, ISPI is Eleonora Tafuro Ambrosetti Anatomy of a Partnership hub of political and economic power. That, certainly, an independent think tank is a Research Fellow committed to the study of is the story which Beijing and Moscow have been telling at the Russia, Caucasus and international political and Central Asia Centre at ISPI. for years. edited by Aldo Ferrari and Eleonora Tafuro Ambrosetti economic dynamics. Are the times ripe for a “Eurasian world order”? What It is the only Italian Institute exactly does the supposed Sino-Russian challenge to introduction by Paolo Magri – and one of the very few in the liberal world entail? Are the two countries’ worsening Europe – to combine research clashes with the West drawing them closer together? activities with a significant This ISPI Report tackles every aspect of the apparently commitment to training, events, solidifying alliance between Moscow and Beijing, but also and global risk analysis for points out its growing asymmetries. It also recommends companies and institutions. some policies that could help the EU to deal with this ISPI favours an interdisciplinary “Eurasian shift”, a long-term and multi-faceted power and policy-oriented approach made possible by a research readjustment that may lead to the end of the world team of over 50 analysts and as we have known it. -
Selection of a New Hardware and Software Platform for Railway Interlocking
Selection of a new hardware and software platform for railway interlocking Arghya Kamal Bhattacharya School of Electrical Engineering Thesis submitted for examination for the degree of Master of Science in Technology. Espoo 27.04.2020 Supervisor Prof. Valeriy Vyatkin Advisor MSc. Tommi Kokkonen Copyright ⃝c 2020 Arghya Kamal Bhattacharya Aalto University, P.O. BOX 11000, 00076 AALTO www.aalto.fi Abstract of the master’s thesis Author Arghya Kamal Bhattacharya Title Selection of a new hardware and software platform for railway interlocking Degree programme Automation and Electrical Engineering Major Control, Robotics and Autonomous Systems Code of major ELEC3025 Supervisor Prof. Valeriy Vyatkin Advisor MSc. Tommi Kokkonen Date 27.04.2020 Number of pages 82+34 Language English Abstract The interlocking system is one of the main actors for safe railway transportation. In most cases, the whole system is supplied by a single vendor. The recent regulations from the European Union direct for an “open” architecture to invite new game changers and reduce life-cycle costs. The objective of the thesis is to propose an alternative platform that could replace a legacy interlocking system. In the thesis, various commercial off-the-shelf hardware and software products are studied which could be assembled to compose an alternative interlocking platform. The platform must be open enough to adapt to any changes in the constituent elements and abide by the proposed baselines of new standardization initiatives, such as ERTMS, EULYNX, and RCA. In this thesis, a comparative study is performed between these products based on hardware capacity, architecture, communication protocols, programming tools, security, railway certifications, life-cycle issues, etc. -
Computer Architectures an Overview
Computer Architectures An Overview PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 25 Feb 2012 22:35:32 UTC Contents Articles Microarchitecture 1 x86 7 PowerPC 23 IBM POWER 33 MIPS architecture 39 SPARC 57 ARM architecture 65 DEC Alpha 80 AlphaStation 92 AlphaServer 95 Very long instruction word 103 Instruction-level parallelism 107 Explicitly parallel instruction computing 108 References Article Sources and Contributors 111 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 113 Article Licenses License 114 Microarchitecture 1 Microarchitecture In computer engineering, microarchitecture (sometimes abbreviated to µarch or uarch), also called computer organization, is the way a given instruction set architecture (ISA) is implemented on a processor. A given ISA may be implemented with different microarchitectures.[1] Implementations might vary due to different goals of a given design or due to shifts in technology.[2] Computer architecture is the combination of microarchitecture and instruction set design. Relation to instruction set architecture The ISA is roughly the same as the programming model of a processor as seen by an assembly language programmer or compiler writer. The ISA includes the execution model, processor registers, address and data formats among other things. The Intel Core microarchitecture microarchitecture includes the constituent parts of the processor and how these interconnect and interoperate to implement the ISA. The microarchitecture of a machine is usually represented as (more or less detailed) diagrams that describe the interconnections of the various microarchitectural elements of the machine, which may be everything from single gates and registers, to complete arithmetic logic units (ALU)s and even larger elements. -
TRANSMISSION MODULE (STM) – EBICAB GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS Version 100 200 E 004 V
Approved Approved SPECIFIC TRANSMISSION MODULE (STM) – EBICAB GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS Version 100 200 E 004 v. 6.1 GRS STM General Technical Requirements Specification TR GRS v6.1 2017-05-12 Sign:______ Sign:______ Document Modification History Version Modification Valid from Prepared Approved Updated requirements for Baseline 3 accor- M Olsson, 6.1 12 Maj 2017 ding to [STM-Delta-FRS-B3-List-v0.12]. Trafikverket Updated requirements for Baseline 3 accor- 6 ding to [STM-Delta-FRS-B3-List-v0.06]. 10 Oct.2014 B Bryntse, ÅF Updated requirements for Baseline 2 accor- 5.2 ding to [STM-Delta-FRS-List-v1.26] 8 Oct 2014 B Bryntse, ÅF Updated or new national requirements: B Bryntse, 5.1 G64, G57A, G57B. Index chapter added. 28.10.2009 Improved format of text and headers. Teknogram 5.0 Update of national requirements 26.6.2009 S Wallin 4.2 “STM Delta-GRS-List ver A” is introduced K.Hallberg 4.1 Final corrections 15.2.2007 U.Svensson F. Åhlander 4.0 I/F C deleted, recorder info changed U.Svensson Changes according to STM National, 3.0 new I/F F U.Svensson 2.1 Clarification G 58, G34 and G35 15.4.2003 J Öhrström S-H Nilsson 2.0 Added info regarding radio I/F chapter 2.3 20.6.2002 F Åhlander S-H Nilsson 1.4 For approval by RHK, JBV, BV 6.6.2002 F Åhlander S-H Nilsson EBICAB STM General technical Requirements Specification – 100 200 E 004 Version 6.1 100 200 E 004 Version 6.1 Page 3 (35) EBICAB STM General Technical Requirements Specification List of contents 1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................5 1.1 Applicable standards ....................................................................................5 1.2 List of definitions ...........................................................................................7 1.3 System definition ...........................................................................................8 2 INTERFACES .................................................................... -
LNW Route Specification 2017
Delivering a better railway for a better Britain Route Specifications 2017 London North Western London North Western July 2017 Network Rail – Route Specifications: London North Western 02 SRS H.44 Roses Line and Branches (including Preston 85 Route H: Cross-Pennine, Yorkshire & Humber and - Ormskirk and Blackburn - Hellifield North West (North West section) SRS H.45 Chester/Ellesmere Port - Warrington Bank Quay 89 SRS H.05 North Transpennine: Leeds - Guide Bridge 4 SRS H.46 Blackpool South Branch 92 SRS H.10 Manchester Victoria - Mirfield (via Rochdale)/ 8 SRS H.98/H.99 Freight Trunk/Other Freight Routes 95 SRS N.07 Weaver Junction to Liverpool South Parkway 196 Stalybridge Route M: West Midlands and Chilterns SRS N.08 Norton Bridge/Colwich Junction to Cheadle 199 SRS H.17 South Transpennine: Dore - Hazel Grove 12 Hulme Route Map 106 SRS H.22 Manchester Piccadilly - Crewe 16 SRS N.09 Crewe to Kidsgrove 204 M1 and M12 London Marylebone to Birmingham Snow Hill 107 SRS H.23 Manchester Piccadilly - Deansgate 19 SRS N.10 Watford Junction to St Albans Abbey 207 M2, M3 and M4 Aylesbury lines 111 SRS H.24 Deansgate - Liverpool South Parkway 22 SRS N.11 Euston to Watford Junction (DC Lines) 210 M5 Rugby to Birmingham New Street 115 SRS H.25 Liverpool Lime Street - Liverpool South Parkway 25 SRS N.12 Bletchley to Bedford 214 M6 and M7 Stafford and Wolverhampton 119 SRS H.26 North Transpennine: Manchester Piccadilly - 28 SRS N.13 Crewe to Chester 218 M8, M9, M19 and M21 Cross City Souh lines 123 Guide Bridge SRS N.99 Freight lines 221 M10 ad M22 -
C I S a C Center for International Security and Arms Control
S t a n f o r d U n i v e r s i t y C I S A C Center for International Security and Arms Control The Center for International Security and Arms Control, part of Stanford University’s Institute for International Studies, is a multidisciplinary community dedicated to research and train- ing in the field of international security. The Center brings together scholars, policymakers, scientists, area specialists, members of the business community, and other experts to examine a wide range of international security issues. CISAC publishes its own series of working papers and reports on its work and also sponsors a series, Studies in International Se- curity and Arms Control, through Stanford University Press. Center for International Security and Arms Control Stanford University 320 Galvez Street Stanford, California 94305-6165 (415) 723-9625 http://www-leland.stanford.edu/group/CISAC/ Contents Acknowledgments iv Executive Summary v I Introduction 1 Section One: Case Studies II The Central Aerohydrodynamic Research Institute (TsAGI) 9 III ELVIS+ and The Moscow Center for SPARC Technology (MCST) 28 IV Impuls 45 V The Mashinostroenie Enterprise 59 VI The Saratov Aviation Plant 79 Section Two: Analysis VII Privatization at Four Enterprises 111 VIII Organizational Restructuring 137 IX Principal Differences in Accounting Systems in Russia 163 and the United States X Reallocation of the Social Services 183 XI Conclusion 207 Glossary 216 1 Acknowledgments Many people have contributed to this report, and still more have contributed to the research leading up to it. In writing this report, we have not attempted to reach consensus among the authors on the interpretations to be drawn from the data.