The United States and the Question of Joining the Baghdad-Pact
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CURRICULUM VITAE Dr Parvin Dokht Mashhoor
CURRICULUM VITAE Dr Parvin Dokht Mashhoor Name: Parvin Dokht Mashhoor Date of Birth: April 22th, 1951 Place of Birth: Khaaf, Iran PhD: Persian Language and Literature Academic Status: Assistant Professor Affiliation: Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur Branch, Iran Email: [email protected] Academic Qualifications: (1) PhD (2000), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad(Subject: Persian Language and Literature) (2) Master of Arts (1995), Islamic Azad University, Mashhad,Iran. (Subject: Persian Language and Literature) (3) Bachelor of Arts (1973), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. (Subject: English Language and Literature) Academic Experience: 1997 to date Faculty member and Lecturer in Persian Language&Literature at Islamic Azad University of Mashhad and Neyshabour and Payam-e-Noor University 1997-2001 Teaching Persian Language & literature at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad 1 1995-1999 Teaching Persian Language&Literature at the Center of Higher Education for Teachers 1971-1996 Teaching English Language and Literature in Mashhad High schools Awards: Top Researcher of university in 2010 Top Researcher of university in 2009 Top Researcher of university in 2008 Best Academic and cultural lecturer in 2009 Best Paper award in Iranian Woman Conference Best Paper award in Makhtoom Gholi Faraghi Conference Professional Experience: Representative of Women Research Council at Islamic Azad University of Neyshabour 2005 to date Secretary of Women Research Council in District 9 of Islamic Azad University for 2 years Member of Research Council of Islamic Azad University of Neyshabour 2008 to date Member of Publication Council of Islamic Azad University of Neyshabour 2009 to date Editorial board member of Persian Language and Literature Journal at Islamic Azad University of Neyshabour Editorial Board Member of Persian Language and Literature Journal ,"KAMAND".at Baluchestan University. -
Speaking to One Another: Personal Memories of the Past in Armenia and Turkey
Speaking to One Another: Personal Memories of the Past in Armenia and Turkey Wish they hadn’t left L E Y L A N EYZİ Whom to forgive? What to forgive? H R A N U S H K HARATYAN- A RAQELYAN Published by: Institut für Internationale Zusammenarbeit Des Deutschen Volkshochschul-Verbandes (dvv international) ISBN 978-3-88513-780-1 Project coordinators: Matthias Klingenberg, Vanya Ivanova, Nazaret Nazaretyan Editor (Turkey section): Liz Erçevik Amado Editor (Armenia section): Nouneh Dilanyan Translator from Armenian to English: Samvel Simonyan Design & Layout: Maraton Dizgievi Cover photo: © Parajanov Museum Yerevan Photographs (Turkey section): © Sibel Maksudyan Print: MAS Matbaacılık A.Ş. Hamidiye Mahallesi, Soğuksu Caddesi, No: 3 Kağıthane-İstanbul-Türkiye +90 212 294 10 00 • [email protected] Opinions expressed in papers published under the names of individual authors do not necessarily reflect those of the Pub- lisher and editors. This publication, or parts of it, may be reproduced provided the source is duly cited. The Publisher asks to be furnished with copies of any such reproductions. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. © 2010 dvv international dvv international Obere Wilhelmstraße 32 – 53225 Bonn Federal Republic of Germany Tel: +49/228-975 69-0 Fax: +49/228-975 69-55 [email protected] www.dvv-international.de For further -
Chapter VI 01 857..903
Part VI Data & Information COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL 1 Units and Conversion Tables J. N. Wintgens and H. Waldburger 1.1 In any number where the decimal sign is Introduction placed before the first digit of the number, a zero should always precede it, e.g. 0.251 The many units of measurements used in and not .251. this book – not to mention among our dif- The combination of a prefix and a symbol ferent regions and cultures – reflect the fas- for a unit is regarded as a single symbol and cinating and beneficial diversity of our pla- the characters should be written with no net. Our daily work requires a wide variety space between them, e.g. cm and not c m. of information, often available only in dif- Note that the expression mm for the mi- ferent languages, and it all demands data cron (one-millionth of a meter) replaces in different units and in different orders m, the symbol often used previously. of magnitude. The work often becomes When writing the symbol for a derived cumbersome because of the very richness unit formed from several basic units, the of the means we use for measuring. individual symbols should be separated by While it is the purpose of Part VI, to pro- a solidus (/), a space or a line-centered vide the reader with the data and informa- dot (p), e.g. the unit for velocity—meters tion to render the quantitative part of their per second—is written m/s, m s–1,mps–1 work easier, this chapter is concerned spe- or mps, but not ms–1 (as ms would repre- cifically with the units of measurement. -
Humanitarian Operations Update
HUMANITARIAN OPERATIONS UPDATE 05 May 2003 Introduction • Welcome to new attendees • Purpose of the HOC update • Limitations on material • Expectations 5 MAY 03 2 WEATHER UPDATE 5 MAY 03 3 Forecast Kuwait City Baghdad 5 MAY 03 4 Forecast Amman Batman 5 MAY 03 5 5 MAY 03 6 5 MAY 03 7 5 MAY 03 8 OPERATIONAL SUMMARY 5 MAY 03 9 Operational Summary • Highlights – Schools reopening – North-South train service reestablished – Iraqi National Museum employees paid • Iraqis uncover mass grave near Babylon • Hostile environment continues 5 MAY 03 10 Security Situation Update • Travel in Iraq entails risk – Variety of armed gunmen remain at large • Regime Death Squad Members • Paramilitary forces • Foreign mercenaries • Criminal element – Vehicle accidents – Close interaction with HOC prior to departure is highly recommended to ensure receipt of the most recent security updates 5 MAY 03 11 Permissive Cities • Al Qa’im Karbala • Az Zabayr Irbil • Safwan Dahuk • As Sulimaniyah Ash Shumali • As Samawah An Nasiriyah • Ah Humza Rumaylah • Kirkuk Rumaithah • Al Kut Mayson • An Najaf Qalat Sukkar • Al Amarah Ar Rutbah • Mudaysis Nukyhad • Ar Ramadi Fallujah • Hab Baniyah • Numiniyah Samarah 5 MAY 03 12 Significant CMO/Civil Developments • ORHA will establish Baghdad Forum at the Baghdad Convention Center. – Information and Facilitation Center for NGO/IO/Donors – Mine Action Center and Human Rights Archive 5 MAY 03 13 Southern Highlights • Al Amarah – Schools reopened and running on a reduced basis. – NGO will be providing “School in a Box” support •Al Basra -
Standard Persian Within a Generative-Transformati Al Grammar
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 116 451 FL 007 110 AUTHOR Tahaian, Hessam TITLE Conjunction, Relativization, and Complementation in Persian. Colorado Research in Linguistics, No. 5. INSTITUTION Colorado Univ., Boulder. Dept. of Linguistics. PUB DATE May 75 NOTE 187p. AVAILABLE FROM Colorado' Research in Linguistics (CRIL), Department of Linguistics, University of Colorado, Woodbury Hall, Boulder, Colorado 80302 ($2.50) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 Plus Postage. HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Descriptive Linguistics; Form Classes (Languages); Indo European Languages; Language Research; Linguistic Theory; Morphology (Languages); *Persian; *Semantics; *Sentence Structure; *Syntax; *Transformation Generative Grammar; Verbs ABSTRACT . This study is concerned with the description of compound sentences, relative clauses, and comp went clauses in Standard Persian within a generative-transformatial grammar. Compound stntences are divided into conjunctive, diSjunctive, and adversativtypes on the basis of the semantic relations they express. A conjunctive clause is eithernon-emphatic or emphatic, a disjunctive clause is either alternative or ultimative, and an adversative clause is either contrastive (oppositive) orexceptional. Relative clauses are divided into attributive (restrictive) and appositive (non-restrictive) relative clauses with the conclusion that an attributive relative clause modifies an antecedentwhich has a multiple referent [-unique],while an appositive relative clause modifies an antecedent which has a unique referent [ +unique]. Both relative clauses result from the reduction of a non-emphatic, conjunctive compound with a coreferential noun. Ezafe constructions (Adjectival and genitive) are shown to be formed by the reductionof a non-emphatic conjunctive compoundwith a coreferential noun in which the second clause contains the verbs "budan"( "be "), or "dastan"( "have "). The complement clauses are analyzed as sentences that serve as an argument (supplement) to a specificclass of impersonal, intransitive, and transitive verbs. -
Map 89 Armenia Compiled by S.E
Map 89 Armenia Compiled by S.E. Kroll (Iran), M. Roaf, St J. Simpson and T. Sinclair (Turkey), 1996 Introduction Turkey The Roman empire occupied parts of the area covered by the map, and from 591 nearly all of it. Moreover, irrespective of political hegemony, the Armenian and Syrian regions here were by virtue of culture and religion an extension of the Greek and Roman world. Armenia in the Roman and Late Antique periods was bounded to the west by the R. Euphrates and to the south by the Taurus mountains, apart from the upper Tigris basin (districts of Ingilene, Sophanene and Arzanene). The area to the south of the Taurus was not considered part of Armenia nor settled by Armenians, but was inhabited by Syrians. The northern edge of the map more or less coincides with the boundary of Armenia in the Roman and Late Antique periods, except towards the east, where significant districts of Armenia–the plain east of the R. Araxes and the mountainous area around Lychnitis Limne–lie within Map 88. The parts of Armenia on Map 89 consist mostly of plains separated by mountains and hills. Elevation rises from west to east, reaching about 5,000 ft in the Thospitis Limne basin. It drops, however, in the basin of Matiane Limne and the Araxes plain further north; these two areas were part of Atropatene during classical antiquity, but were counted within Armenia by the early seventh century A.D. (they are now in Iranian Azerbaijan). Despite its height and partly mountainous nature, the terrain of Armenia was capable of supporting a large and quite evenly dispersed population. -
Euroasia Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities
EUROASIA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES | ISSN: 2651-5261 Arrival Date: 22.12.2020 | Published Date: 25.01.2021 | Vol: 8, Issue: 1 | pp: 64-78 | Doi Number: http://dx.doi.org/10.38064/eurssh.188 THE BAZAAR OF TABRIZ DURING THE RULE OF QAJARS (ethnographic research) GACAR DÖNEMİNDE TEBRİZ PAZARI (Etnoğrafik araştırma) Ilhama MAMMADOVA Institute of Archaeology and Ethnograpy of ANAS, Doctor of Historical Sciences [email protected] ABSTRACT Tabriz bazaar is one of the oldest bazaars in the world. As Tabriz located on the Silk Road the bazaar complex which combined production and sale was formed here since early middle ages and became one of the biggest trade centres in the East. Bazaar considered not only place for craft and trade, but also place with public, political and religious significance. Bazaars were specialized for the goods sold there and most of them called by the name of the goods. For instance, Abachi (a cloak-maker) Bazaar, Gandchilar (sugar maker) Bazaar, Pambigchi (cotton maker) Bazaar, Parchasatanlar (cloth seller) Bazaar, Duzchu (salt) Bazaar and so on. Sometimes they were called for the honour of its founder (Hajı Alakbar palace, Amir Bazaar, Muzaffariyya shop and so on), and sometimes showed the identity of the people who use from them (Georgian timcheh). Some bazaars were famous for the name of professions working in bazaars (Nejjarlar (carpenter) Bazaar, Borkcu (hat maker) Bazaar, Misgar (copper maker) bazaar, Serrajlar (saddlemaker) bazaar, Bashmagchi (shoe maker) Bazaar and so on). The magnificent Tabriz Bazaar Complex which consists of Gaysariye (main passage of bazaar), charsug (intersection of two perpendicular rastas), rasta (a double row of shops aligned along roofed linear path), timcha (a small caravanserai), shops, cells, forushgah (trading centre), palace or caravanserai, workshops, dalan (covered alley that connects two rastas), madrasah, mosque, bath and etc. -
Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures Their SI Equivalences and Origins
FrancËois Cardarelli Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures Their SI Equivalences and Origins English translation by M.J. Shields, FIInfSc, MITI 13 Other Systems 3 of Units Despite the internationalization of SI units, and the fact that other units are actually forbidden by law in France and other countries, there are still some older or parallel systems remaining in use in several areas of science and technology. Before presenting conversion tables for them, it is important to put these systems into their initial context. A brief review of systems is given ranging from the ancient and obsolete (e.g. Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Old French) to the relatively modern and still in use (e.g. UK imperial, US customary, cgs, FPS), since a general knowledge of these systems can be useful in conversion calculations. Most of the ancient systems are now totally obsolete, and are included for general or historical interest. 3.1 MTS, MKpS, MKSA 3.1.1 The MKpS System The former system of units referred to by the international abbreviations MKpS, MKfS, or MKS (derived from the French titles meÁtre-kilogramme-poids-seconde or meÁtre-kilo- gramme-force-seconde) was in fact entitled SysteÁme des MeÂcaniciens (Mechanical Engi- neers' System). It was based on three fundamental units, the metre, the second, and a weight unit, the kilogram-force. This had the basic fault of being dependent on the acceleration due to gravity g, which varies on different parts of the Earth, so that the unit could not be given a general definition. Furthermore, because of the lack of a unit of mass, it was difficult, if not impossible to draw a distinction between weight, or force, and mass (see also 3.4). -
Crude Oil System of the Middle East
D ru z h b a P ip eline D Druzhba Pipelin ruzhba ( e Friendsh ip) North Mozyr Saratov Aqtobe Saratov Uk ra s Voronezh in e e P n ip li elin e es ip eline Crude oil pipelines Ports PDruzhba Pip ) e II s in e (Fr p a Operating terminals a iend n r Operating b shi i k h CrudeKiev l Oil System z U Pipelines ru Zhytomyr e kraine D p i Kharkiv Oil fields P s Planned, proposed, under construction e Kremenchug Shebelinka e n in i Lisichanskel Volgograd First national oil discovery a p r Pi Closed, retired (last year of operation) k ine of the MiddleU East Ukraine Pipel ra ines Uk Volgograd kra Atyrau Qyzylorda ine Refineries Capacity (’000 b/d) Dnipro P ipe Diameter (inches) 300 Donetsk Operating l 100 in e Novoshakhtinsky 10” 24” 48” s Astrakhan Planned, proposed, 10 Oil Rostov unknown under construction IaÈ™i ChiÈ™inău Kherson DarmanestiOnesti Odessa Odessa Odessa Krasno Stavropol Afipsky Nukus Kerch Krasnodar Adygei Petromidia Chechnya Constanta Sevastapol Novorossiysk Samarqand Naltchik Groznyy Bukhara Constanta Sochi K Tuapse a z a Black Sea spian Sea k Sukhumi Ca h s t a Turkmenabat n Chardzou - T Tbilisi u Burgase Supsa r lin km e Heydar Aliev Baku e p Batumi n i ist P a Apsheron Baku-Supsa Baku n n - Ir a Istanbul Samsun a k n l Izmit Baku a Turkmenbashi ( Mary B K s Yerevan T n I Gemlik ) Ashgabat ra T n (BTC) Bursa Ceyha Ankara Kirikkale si- ili b -T u C k Mashhad e a Tabriz y B h a n - Selmo-Batman K Batman i T r e i l h Tehran-Neka Herat k yo r Konya k rt an a m o -T (Iran Oil Swap) le Bat an - D ab Karatchok, Syria riz aq-Turkey) -
Destination Unknown Afghans on the Move in Turkey
Destination Unknown Afghans on the move in Turkey MMC Middle East Research Report, June 2020 Front cover photo credit: Erdem Sahin/Epa-Efe/Ritzau Scanpix Afghan refugees and migrants on the move in Erzurum, Turkey. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors: Sema Buz, Fulya Memişoğlu, Hande Dönmez, independent and high-quality data, research, analysis and Simon Verduijn. and expertise on mixed migration. The MMC aims to increase understanding of mixed migration, to positively Research: TANDANS Data Science Consulting (Hande impact global and regional migration policies, to inform Dönmez, Tuna Kılınç, Benan Akyıldırım, Engin Kızılcan, evidence-based protection responses for people on Sema Buz, and Fulya Memişoğlu) and Mixed Migration the move and to stimulate forward thinking in public Centre Middle East (Simon Verduijn). and policy debates on mixed migration. The MMC’s overarching focus is on human rights and protection for Review: Suzan Yavuz, Nicoletta Gritta, Abdullah all people on the move. Mohammadi, Linnea Kessing, Rachel Bernu, Anthony Morland, Roberto Forin, and Bram Frouws. The MMC is part of and governed by the Danish Refugee Council (DRC). While its institutional link to DRC ensures Layout and design: Ali Mowafi. MMC’s work is grounded in operational reality, it acts as an independent source of data, research, analysis and Suggested citation: Mixed Migration Centre (2020), policy development on mixed migration for policy makers, Destination Unknown – Afghans on the move in Turkey. practitioners, journalists, and the broader humanitarian Available at www.mixedmigration.org sector. The position of the MMC does not necessarily reflect the position of DRC. We would like to particularly thank the respondents who were willing to share their time and insights The information and views set out in this report are those during interviews and focus groups, without which the of the MMC and do not necessarily reflect the official research would not have been possible. -
Irano-Anatolian
Bulgaria Uzbekistan Georgia Turkey Armenia Ankara Azerbaijan Yerevan Erzurum Turkmenistan Greece Sivas Keysei Elazig Van Malatya Diyarbakir Tabriz Konya Batman Rasht Kahramanmaras Zanjan Qazvin Eslamshahr Sanandaj Syria Tehran Lebanon Kermanshah Iran Iraq Afghanistan Israel Esfahan Jordan Shiraz Pakistan Egypt Saudi Arabia Kilometers 0 250 500 1,000 Irano Anatolian Hotspot IRANO-ANATOLIAN Neighboring Hotspot 1,384,926 km2 BIODIVERSITY TARGET Protected Area (IUCN Category I-IV) 2020 TARGET: 17% protected Protected Area (IUCN Category V-VI) Protected Area (IUCN Category NA) 2015: 4.8% PROTECTED Urban Area 2.5% I-IV Agriculture (0-100% landuse) 1.6% V-VI .6% NA Roads Railroads IRANO-ANATOLIAN ECOREGIONS Shortfall Assessment to reach Target of 17% protected land in each terrestrial ecoregion 2 1 4 3 6 5 7 Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey, Turkmenistan 4 BIOMES Montane Grasslands & Shrublands Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests Temperate Conifer Forests Temperate Grasslands, Savanna & Shrublands 7 ECOREGIONS ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES 2,500 Kilometers ENDEMIC ANIMAL SPECIES 0 250 500 1,000 54 1. Eastern Anatolian Montane Steppe 3. Central Anatolian Steppe 160,277 km2 remnant habitat 9,703 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% +6,942 km2 protected areas To reach Aichi Target of 17% +33,435 km2 protected areas 2. Eastern Anatolian Deciduous Steppe 4. Central Anatolian Steppe & Woodlands 76,961 km2 remnant habitat 64,767 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% To reach Aichi Target of 17% +22,671 km2 protected areas +27,640 km2 protected areas Kilometers 0 250 500 1,000 5. Elburz Range Forest Steppe 47,372 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% +7,692 km2 protected areas 6. -
Turkey Toponymic Factfile
TOPONYMIC FACT FILE TURKEY Country name Turkey State title Republic of Turkey Country name in official language Türkiye State title in official language Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Name of citizen Turk Official language Turkish1 (tur)2 ISO-3166 code (alpha-2/alpha-3) TR/TUR Capital Ankara Population 76,667, 8643 Introduction Modern Turkey was founded in 1923 principally from the Anatolian4 peninsula (Asia Minor) remnant of the Ottoman Empire. It bridges South-Eastern Europe and Western Asia. The European portion is known as Thrace (tur: Trakya) and forms 3% of the country. Turkey shares land borders with eight countries; Greece and Bulgaria to the west; Georgia, Armenia, Iran, and the Azerbaijani exclave of Naxçıvan (Nakhichevan) to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. The north coast lies on the Black Sea, the strategically important Bosporus Strait5 connecting the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara, which is connected by the Dardanelles Strait6 to the Aegean Sea, and thereby to the Mediterranean Sea on which the south coast lies. Geographical names policy Geographical names in Turkey are found in Roman script and should be taken as found on official Turkish sources. Harita Genel Komutanlığı (Mapping General Command) is the national mapping agency of Turkey. http://www.hgk.msb.gov.tr/ Language/s The official language of Turkey is Turkish, which is written in Roman script. Turkish is from the Altaic family of languages. For centuries the written language of the Ottoman Empire was Ottoman Turkish, essentially Turkish in structure with some Persian and Arabic 1 Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Constitution of Turkey 1982.