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National Register of Historic Places NFS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018 (342) Exp. 10-31-84 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service For NPS UM only National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form date entered See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms Type all entries complete applicable sections 1. Name historic New York Yacht Club and or common 2. Location street & number 37 W. 44th Street not for publication city, town New York City vicinity of state New York code 036 county New York code 061 3. Classification Category Ownership Status Present Use district public X occupied agriculture museum x building(s) X private unoccupied commercial park structure both work in progress educational __ private residence site Public Acquisition Accessible entertainment __ religious object N/A in process X yes: restricted government scientific N /A being considered _ _ yes: unrestricted industrial transportation no military x other- Clubhouse 4. Owner of Property Yacht Club name New York Yacht Club street & number 37 w. 44th Street city, town New York City __ vicinity of state New York 10036 5. Location of Legal Description courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. New York County Register's Office street & number 31 Chambers Street city, town New York City state New York 10007 6. Representation in Existing Surveys Landmark Designation Report title (LP-1019) has this property been determined eligible? yes _X_ no September 11, 1979 date federal state county _K_ local depository for survey records _New_York__City Landmarks Preservation Cnrmrn gsi nn , 20 Vesey Street city, town New York City _ __, ____ ___ _ _____ _ _ _ state New York loop7 7. Description Condition Chock on. Chock on. _Ji excellent __ deteriorated __ unaltered X. original site __ good __ ruins JL_ altered moved date __ fair __ unexpostd Doscribo tho prosont and original |if known) physical appoaranco Summary The New York Yacht Club building houses a private men's club in midtown Manhattan just west of 5th Avenue. This is a largely commercial area although there are also a number of other private club buildings. The Club, flanked by commercial struc­ tures, is a mid-block building and occupies its entire lot. The side elevations are non-exposed party walls and the rear elevation is not visible. The Yacht Club is 7 stories in height (2 are included within the mansard roof, which is set back 15') and is constructed of brick with a finely grained stone facing. Stylistically, it is a Neo-Baroque version of Beaux-Arts architecture, Principal Architectural Features: Exterior* The building is divided into four horizontal sections, three window bays and an entrance bay. The entrance pavilion at the east projects, providing a vertical counterbalance to the overall horizontal layering of the elevation. A first story with grille-covered windows is designed as a podium for the grand, double-height piano nobile which is composed of three bays. Each bay contains a monumental round-arched window from the bottom of which projects an elaborately enframed bay window. The bay windows imitate the sterns of Baroque sailing vessels, especially Dutch Jaghts, and are fancifully carved with garlands of shells and seaweed, sculpted waves, and dolphins. This unusual system of fenestration is enframed by two monumental Ionic engaged columns at the center and Doric piers at the outer corners. The entrance pavilion at this level contains a segmentally arched window from which projects an elaborately carved cartouche above the doorway in a composition analogous to that of the adjacent round-arched and bay windows. A deeply recessed rectangular window surmounts the segmentally arched one, and both are enframed by smooth broad pilasters adorned with the club shield. Above the piano nobile level, a modillioned entablature runs the full width of the building. Upon this entablature rests a series of recessed rectangular windows separated by piers which become free-standing above the balustrade surmounting this third section of the facade. The piers originally supported a pergola which shel­ tered a roof garden. The mansard roof, set behind the plane of the facade, contains 2 stories with attic windows. Principal Architectural Features: Interior The principal rooms of the club, arranged on split levels, are richly detailed and finely Grafted. They include the Entrance Hall; the vast Model Room; the Rotunda, or Trophy Room, originally used as a cafe, and now used to display trophies (including the America's Cup until 1983); and the Grill Room, which resembles the hold of a ship. 8. Significance Period Areas of Significance Check and justify below . prehistoric archeology-prehistoric community planning landscape architecture religion _ 1400-1499 archeology-historic conservation law science ..._. 1500-1599 _ agriculture economics literature sculpture _ 1600-1699 .X architecture education military social/ __ 1700-1799 art engineering - _. music humanitarian _X_ 1800-1899 commerce exploration settlement _ philosophy _ _ theater _JL. 1900- communications industry politics government transportation invention _X_ other (specify) _. _ ._ . _ __ _ _ _ . - -Recrea-tian Specific dates 1899-1900 Builder Architect Whitney Warren of (yachting) Warren & Wetmore Statement of Significance (in one paragraph) Summary The New York Yacht Club, renowned as the long-time home of America's Cup, is Amer­ ica's oldest and foremost yachting organization. Before moving to W. 44th Street, the club had been located in much more modest accommodations. It was at the insti­ gation of millionaire banker J.P. Morgan, then Commodore of the club, that the new building was erected. The clubhouse has changed very little over the years and is today highly evocative of the Gilded Age in America which produced the magnificent private men's clubs of New York.l Constructed in 1899-1900, the New York Yacht Club is a brilliant example of the Neo- Baroque style and a paradigm of Beaux-Arts design principles. Designed by the noted architect Whitney Warren of the firm of Warren & Wetmore, this building established the firm's reputation. The clubhouse is one of their finest works and of an architectural merit equal to that of the firm's most famous commission, New York's Grand Central Terminal. History Founded in 1844 by a group of nine New York yachtsmen aboard a schooner anchored off the Battery, the New York Yacht Club was incorporated "for the purpose of encouraging yacht building and naval architecture and the cultivation of naval science."2 These aims soon came to realization with the construction of the famous sailing yacht, America. In 1850, the New York Yacht Club was invited to enter the competition for the Royal Yacht Squadron Cup, Great Britain's most celebrated sailing prize. The race was scheduled as a postscript event to the first World's Fair, in London (1850). A founding member of the club, Commodore John C. Stevens, and several associates took up the challenge. They commissioned George Steers, known to design the fastest pilot boats in New York, to supervise the construction of a yacht with which to enter the British race. Christened America, it was this vessel which, on August 22, 1851, swept past fifteen international competitors around the Isle of Wight to win the ornate silver cup which came to bear her name.3 After winning a second race, America was sold in England. Her career after her sale was extraordinary. Owned in succession by several Englishmen, she raced, with considerable success, during the rest of the 1850s. Beginning in 1861 she was involved in blockade running on behalf of the Confederate States and wound up scuttled in the St. John's River in Florida. Raised by the Federal Navy, she was put to work chasing other blockade runners off the coast of the Carolinas. 9. Major Bibliographical References SEE CONTINUATION SHEET 10. Geographical Data Acreage of nominated property less than 1___ Quadrangle name Central Park,_N¥-NJ Quadrangle scale __1:24,000 UTM References 9|7|0| |4|5|l|l|8 l 7|p| B | I I I I I I I 1 I Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing c I ' I I I l I I I I I I I I I I I I D | | | | | | | | i | | | | | | i i E|___I I I . I . I I . I . I . I F| . | I I . I , . I I.I.I,, Gill I I i I | i I 1 i I I I I I I H Verbal boundary description and justification The building occupies Borough of Manhattan, Tax Map Block 1260, Lot 16, which is approximately 75' x 100' in size, as outlined on attached map,_____ __ _ _ ______ List all states and counties for properties overlapping state or county boundaries state code county code state code county code 11. Form Prepared By name/title James H. Charleton, Histori organization History Division, National Park Service date ______October. 1985 street & number 1100 L Street, NW_________ _______telephone (2rm city or town_____Washington_______________________state_______DC 20013-7127______ 12. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: __national _.state __local As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89- 665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. State Historic Preservation Officer signature title __ _______________________________date For NPS use only I hereby certify that this property is included in the National Register _______________________________________________date Keeper of the National Register Attest _____________________________________date Chief of Registration * NP8 Form 10400.. 0MB NO.1024-OO18 Exp. 10-31-84 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register off Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form Continuation sheet ____________________Item number______ e ______Page Title: National Register of Historic Places Date: 1982 Federal Depository for survey records: National Register of Historic Places City, Town: Washington State: DC NPS Form 10400* °*« No.
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