Buddhist Pilgrimage Tour Duration
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Nalanda University: a University for the 21St Century
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Nalanda University: A University for the 21st Century Anjana Sharma The name Nalanda is an icon for cross-cultural interactions and intra-regional connectivity around the globe. Located in Bihar, India, near the site where the Buddha attained enlightenment, the centre of learning at Nalanda was a major hub for educational and intellectual exchange and the creation and dissemination of knowledge among Asian societies from the fifth to the twelfth centuries CE. It received students from across Asia, stimulated intellectual, scientific, and religious dialogues, and dispatched missionaries and scholars to the leading Buddhist centres of Asia. Later generations have called this centre of learning “Nalanda University” and described it as the world’s first educational institution of higher learning. When after an eight hundred year existence it was destroyed by an act of war, Nalanda lived on for another eight hundred years only in the shared cultural memory of India and Asian countries. It stood as a living symbol of a time of an inter connected Asia, of an Asia that did not then define itself against the paradigms of the emergent and monolithic model of higher education that holds sway today. Uncomfortable though this fact may be, what we have to accept today is faultlines created by the overwhelming force of multiple colonialisms—across Asian countries—that have altered the way we establish universities and has given to us today, what can only be decribed unflatteringly, as an imitative Asian model of the university. -
Samwaad Importance of Tourism Industry in Bihar
Samwaad: e-Journal ISSN: 2277-7490 2017: Vol. 6 Iss. 2 Importance of Tourism Industry in Bihar Dr. Ashok Kumar Department of commerce, Rnym College, Barhi Vbu Hazribag Email :- drashokkumarhzb@gmailcom Abstract Tourism is an important source of Entertainment and revenue generation of government now a days each and every person wants to visit tourist places where he/she get enjoyment and earns some knowledge about new areas, and location. Tourist places are developed for many factors like-historical place, cold place, moderate climate, natural sceneries, lake, pond, sea beach, hilly area, Island, religious and political importance etc. these are the factors which attract tourist. Tourist places also create so many job opportunities like, tourist guide, Hotels, airlines railways, sports, worship material etc. for speedy development in speed way government has announced tourism as Tourism industry. Another significance is that it helps the govt to generate foreign currency. Tourism is also helpful in the area of solving the unemployment problem. Migration is not in affect by tourism because where so many people of employment but it own houses for many purpose like, residence , Hotel, shop, museum, cinema hall, market complex, etc. Near by the tourist place migration ends or decreases but only few exception cases where migration problem creates otherwise tourism solve the problem. Key words :- Entertainment, Tourist, Government, Migration problem. etc. Samwaad http://samwaad.in Page 103 of 193 Samwaad: e-Journal ISSN: 2277-7490 2017: Vol. 6 Iss. 2 Introduction Bihar in eastern India is one of the oldest inhabited places in the world with a history going back 3000 years. -
8 Days 7 Nights BUDDHIST TOUR Valid NOW – Further Notice
8 Days 7 Nights BUDDHIST TOUR Valid NOW – Further notice Day 01 : Arrive Gaya - Bodhgaya Arrival Gaya Int'l airport. Meeting and Greeting at the airport. Transfer to hotel in Bodhgaya. Bodhgaya is the place of the Buddha's Enlightenment and spiritual home of Buddhists. It attracts many believers from all over the world. Bodhgaya situated near the river Niranjana, is one of the holiest Buddhist pilgrimage centres and in the second place of the four holy sites in Buddhism. Day 02 : Bodhgaya - Rajgir - Nalanda - Patna Morning leave Bodhgaya for Patna (182 kms - 6 hrs) enroute visiting Rajgir and Nalanda. Rajgir is a site of great sanctity and significance for Buddhists. Rajgir is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site since the Buddha spent 12 years here and the first Buddhist council after the Buddha was hosted here at the Saptaparni caves. Afternoon visit Gridhakuta Hill, Bimbisara jail. Drive to Nalanda which is 14 kms drive and it was one of the oldest Universities of the World and International Centre for Buddhist Studies. Drive to Patna which is 90 kms, on arrival at Patna transfer to hotel for overnight stay. Day 03: Patna - Vaishali - Kushinagar Morning proceed to Kushinagar (approx. 256 kms and 07 hrs drive) enroute visiting Vaishali - place where Buddha announced the approaching of his Mahaparinirvana. After that continue drive to Kushinagar (place where Lord Buddha had left the world behind him after offering an invaluable contribution to humanity, the great religion known as Buddhism). On arrival Kushinagar, transfer to hotel. Afternoon visit Mahaparinirvana Temple (where Buddha took his last breathe) and Rambhar Stupa (cremation site of Lord Buddha). -
Ancient Universities in India
Ancient Universities in India Ancient alanda University Nalanda is an ancient center of higher learning in Bihar, India from 427 to 1197. Nalanda was established in the 5th century AD in Bihar, India. Founded in 427 in northeastern India, not far from what is today the southern border of Nepal, it survived until 1197. It was devoted to Buddhist studies, but it also trained students in fine arts, medicine, mathematics, astronomy, politics and the art of war. The center had eight separate compounds, 10 temples, meditation halls, classrooms, lakes and parks. It had a nine-story library where monks meticulously copied books and documents so that individual scholars could have their own collections. It had dormitories for students, perhaps a first for an educational institution, housing 10,000 students in the university’s heyday and providing accommodations for 2,000 professors. Nalanda University attracted pupils and scholars from Korea, Japan, China, Tibet, Indonesia, Persia and Turkey. A half hour bus ride from Rajgir is Nalanda, the site of the world's first University. Although the site was a pilgrimage destination from the 1st Century A.D., it has a link with the Buddha as he often came here and two of his chief disciples, Sariputra and Moggallana, came from this area. The large stupa is known as Sariputra's Stupa, marking the spot not only where his relics are entombed, but where he was supposedly born. The site has a number of small monasteries where the monks lived and studied and many of them were rebuilt over the centuries. We were told that one of the cells belonged to Naropa, who was instrumental in bringing Buddism to Tibet, along with such Nalanda luminaries as Shantirakshita and Padmasambhava. -
Detailed Representatives
History Explore – Journal of Research for UG and PG Students ISSN 2278 – 0297 (Print) ISSN 2278 – 6414 (Online) © Patna Women's College, Patna, India http://www.patnawomenscollege.in/journal Monuments of Bihar : A Syncretic Culture Kajal Kiran • Anuradha • Swati Kiran • Sister Matilda Pereira A.C. Received : December 2010 Accepted : February 2011 Corresponding Author : Sister Matilda Pereira A.C. Abstract : Bihar is a land affluent in natural beauty, Lord Buddha- founder of the Buddhism. The ruins of Nalanda whispering forests, sparkling lakes, majestic forts and and Vikramshila bear the testimony of our being on the palaces, holy shrines and natural hot springs emerging from zenith of culture and civilization some 2500 years ago. This a backdrop of eternal snow.It is a magnetic destination is the land on which Lord Buddha and Mahavira started their attracting tourists who throng every year. With tremendous religious orders.Monuments in Bihar can be further potential for growth in numbers and quality, Bihar is one of classified on the basis of religions- Hinduism, Buddhism, the eastern states in the Indian union endowed with Jainism, Sikhism, Islam and Christianity representing the immense tourism potential. The presence of numerous syncretic culture of Bihar. ancient monuments represents the rich culture and heritage Key words:- Heritage, Magnetic destination, Archeology, of the state.Bihar, as of today after bifurcation, is still studded Tourist etc. with monuments of its past glory- monuments that bear the memory of Jain Mahavira- 24th Trithankar of Jainism and Introduction: Kajal Kiran B.A. III year, History (Hons.), Session: 2008-2011, Bihar is a land affluent in natural beauty, Patna Women’s College, Patna University, Patna, whispering forests, sparkling lakes, majestic forts Bihar, India and palaces, holy shrines and natural hot springs Anuradha emerging from a backdrop of eternal snow.It is a B.A. -
Ancient Nalanda University Dr
Ancient Nalanda University Dr. Manoj Kumar Assistant Professor (Guest) Dept. of A.I.H. & Archaeology, Patna University, Patna- 800005 P.G./ M.A. IVth Semester , Paper- History of Indian Buddhism (E.C.) General introduction • It is situated 7 miles south-west of Biharsharif and 7 miles north of Rajgir. • Buchanan was the first to notice its antiquity and as told by Brahmanas there, he took it to be the site of ancient Kundalapura, the capital of the king Bhimaka, the father of Rukmini. • Buchanan felt that the ruins represented a Buddhist site. • Kittoe who next realized the importance of the site in 1847 and had seen the images at Baragaon mistakenly took the area to be a Br General Introduction • It was Alexander Cunningham who identified the extensive site as Nalanda in 1861-62. • Alexander Cunningham had made some trail digs but carried no large scale excavations. • In 1871 or so, Broadly, the then S.D.O. of Bihar, began excavations on the main mound with 1000 labourers, and within 10 days he laid ware the eastern, western and southern facades of the great temple and published a short reports of the excavations. Nalanda: Center of Buddhist Religion and Learning in Ancient India History of Nalanda goes back to the days of Mahavira and Buddha in 6th century B.C. It was the place of birth and Nirvana of Sariputra, one of the famous disciples of Buddha. The place rose into prominence in 5th century A.D as a great monastic-cum-educational institution for oriental art and learning in the whole Buddhist world attraction students from distant countries including China. -
The Significance of North East India in the Development of the Sculpture of Bagan
1 The significance of North East India in the development of the sculpture of Bagan Heather Elgood, MBE Course Director, Postgraduate Diploma in Asian Arts 26/10/2017 2 ABSTRACT The paper briefly introduces Pala sculpture and the changes which took place from its pre-Pala style. It considers the growing complexity of design from the 8th - 12th century in East India and examines the religious context and the Buddhist monasteries’ esoteric aims of visualisation in their focus on the Buddha image in meditative discipline. It will consider what if any of these religious aims and stylistic characteristics might have been carried from the Pala region to Bagan, focussing on the development of Bagan stone and bronze sculpture in the 11th – 13th centuries. The paper will first look at evidence of the similarities and findings of Pala and Bagan pilgrim votive images. It will then explore similarities and differences between Pala and Bagan stone and bronze sculpture. The comparison will reveal the distinctive character and the development of a distinctively Bagan and Myanmar style in later sculpture, one reflecting the vibrant Buddhist practice which continues to this day. Finally, it will briefly touch on the clear link in the paintings of Pala text illustration and that of a few rare examples of twelfth century painting at the ancient Buddhist site of Bagan in Upper Myanmar. Map Time estimate to travel between Bagan and Bodhgaya Introduction This paper explores the significance of North-East India on the development of the Buddhist art of Bagan in the eleventh to the thirteenth century. -
Reclaiming Buddhist Sites in Modern India: Pilgrimage and Tourism in Sarnath and Bodhgaya
RECLAIMING BUDDHIST SITES IN MODERN INDIA: PILGRIMAGE AND TOURISM IN SARNATH AND BODHGAYA RUTIKA GANDHI Bachelor of Arts, University of Lethbridge, 2014 A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of the University of Lethbridge in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS Department of Religious Studies University of Lethbridge LETHBRIDGE, ALBERTA, CANADA ©Rutika Gandhi, 2018 RECLAIMING BUDDHIST SITES IN MODERN INDIA: PILGRIMAGE AND TOURISM IN SARNATH AND BODHGAYA RUTIKA GANDHI Date of Defence: August 23, 2018 Dr. John Harding Associate Professor Ph.D. Supervisor Dr. Hillary Rodrigues Professor Ph.D. Thesis Examination Committee Member Dr. James MacKenzie Associate Professor Ph.D. Thesis Examination Committee Member Dr. James Linville Associate Professor Ph.D. Chair, Thesis Examination Committee Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my beloved mummy and papa, I am grateful to my parents for being so understanding and supportive throughout this journey. iii Abstract The promotion of Buddhist pilgrimage sites by the Government of India and the Ministry of Tourism has accelerated since the launch of the Incredible India Campaign in 2002. This thesis focuses on two sites, Sarnath and Bodhgaya, which have been subject to contestations that precede the nation-state’s efforts at gaining economic revenue. The Hindu-Buddhist dispute over the Buddha’s image, the Saivite occupation of the Mahabodhi Temple in Bodhgaya, and Anagarika Dharmapala’s attempts at reclaiming several Buddhist sites in India have led to conflicting views, motivations, and interpretations. For the purpose of this thesis, I identify the primary national and transnational stakeholders who have contributed to differing views about the sacred geography of Buddhism in India. -
Hsuan-Tsang (Xuanzang
4. Hsuan-Tsang which took place before the waves of Islamic (Note: His name has a number of alternative hordes invaded that part of the world and spellings, such as Xuanzang) destroyed Buddhist institutions and murdered monks. At the time of Hsuan Tsang’s travels: Introduction 1 there was a great deal of religious activity, A large part of these notes reads as a travelogue. but less so than in previous centuries Much of his journey out of central China, before 2 practitioners of the different forms of he reached India, covered the ancient Silk route Buddhism sometimes lived alongside one that linked Europe with the Persian and Chinese another empires. I recommend that you refer to the 3 the worship of relics, and the practice of sketch map of Hsuan Tsang’s travels (sent in a philosophical debate, were well established. separate document). His travels Hsuan Tsang left China expressly against the Hsüan Tsang wrote an account of his epic wishes of the emperor and would have been journey from China to central Asia and India, severely punished, maybe executed, if he had which took place between 629-645 ce. This been caught before he reached the limit of the account, known as “The Western World”, is in Chinese controlled territory. His journey took twelve volumes. [It is not be confused with the about 18 years. He crossed scorching deserts, popular Chinese fiction Monkey King featuring icy mountains, and vast plains. In India he the adventures of the mythical monkey god.] sometimes travelled through tick forest. In the course of his travels he faced illness and poverty. -
Regional: Improving Connectivity and Destination Management of Cultural and Natural Resources in the South Asia Subregion
Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Technical Assistance 6504-REG December 2011 Regional: Improving Connectivity and Destination Management of Cultural and Natural Resources in the South Asia Subregion Prepared by Tourism & Leisure Advisory Services This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Strategy and Road Map for Improving Tourism Connectivity and Destination Management of Cultural and Natural Resources in the South Asia Subregion 2011-2015 Final Report: December 2011 Carabela La Niña, 12 08017 BARCELONA, SPAIN Tel. (+34) 93 206 43 43 Fax. (+34) 93 280 35 16 María de Molina, 54 28006 MADRID, SPAIN Tel. (+34) 91 564 72 09 Fax. (+34) 91 409 44 87 www.tladvisors.com [email protected] Barcelona • Madrid • Lisboa • Milano • Sao Paolo • Dubai Improving Connectivity and Destination Management of Cultural and Natural Resources in the South Asia Subregion ABBREVIATIONS ADB -- Asian Development Bank ASEAN -- Association of South East Asian Nations BIMSTEC -- Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation among the countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand CAGR -- Compound Annual Growth Rate CBO -- Community Based Organization EA -- Executing Agency GDP -- Gross Domestic Product GMS -- Greater Mekong Subregion IA -- Implementing Agency NGO -- Non-Government Organization NTO -- National Tourism Organization PPTA -- Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PPSP -- Public-Private Sector Partnership RCI -- Regional Cooperation and Integration RCSP -- Regional Cooperation Strategy and Program SA -- South Asia SASEC -- South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation SAARC -- South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Grouping Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Maldives, Bhutan, and Afghanistan. -
Monograph No-2, City of Patna, Part VI-B, Series-I
CENSUS OF INDIA 1971 SERIES I INDIA PART VI-B MONOGRAPH NO.2 CITY OF PATNA A Study by SACHCHIDANANDA DIRECTOR, A.N.S. INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES, PATNA Assi;:ted by RAMESH PRASAD SINHA AWADHESH KUMAR LAL & SARDAR DEONANDAN SINGH OFFICE OF THE REGISTRAR GENERAL AND CENSUS COMMISSIC'')s"'ER FOR INDIA MINISTRY OF H01.. ~ AFFAIRS NEW DELHI PREF.;ACE Sometime late in 1968 Dr. It K. Roy Burman, De puty Registrar General suggested to me the preparation of a monograph in the town series for the city of Patna. Colection of data for this work began in January, 1969. Since the grant available for collection of data was very tneagre, the work had to be suspended after a few lIlonths. The work was again taken up in January, 1971. This time the data was collected as far as possible from all the different sources. By the end of the year the draft was nearly ready. In February, 1972 the Registrar General's office deputed a photographper at my request to photo graph some of the landmarks in Patna for inclusion in the- directory. The draft was submitted to the Deputy Registrar General in April, 1972. Towards the end of that year some comments were received and discussions were held with Dr. Roy Burman when he visited the Institute early in 1973. At Dr. Roy Burman's suggestions a seminar was held to discuss the developmental needs of Patna in February, 1974 at which a large number of problems were discussed. The seminar was held under the joint auspices of the Bihar State Planning Board and the A. -
The Memories of Chinese Buddhist Scholars in Connection with Nalanda Monastic International University in India in the 7Th Century AD
Date : 08/06/2008 The memories of Chinese Buddhist Scholars in connection with Nalanda Monastic International University in India in the 7th century AD R.H.I.S.Ranasinghe University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka. Meeting: 81. Rare Books and Manuscripts Simultaneous Interpretation: English, Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Russian and Spanish WORLD LIBRARY AND INFORMATION CONGRESS: 74TH IFLA GENERAL CONFERENCE AND COUNCIL 10-14 August 2008, Québec, Canada http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/index.htm Abstract: Nalanda Monastic University had been flourished in India as a residential education center of Mahayana Buddhism during 5th century AD to 12th century AD. It attracted students not only from India but also from other Buddhist countries. The Chinese scholars, who stayed and studied there, had left an elaborate detailed description of the excellence of education and purity of monastic life practiced there, which contributed to the world knowledge of ancient universities. They revealed the inception of the monastery, royal patronage, methods of admission and education system, students and teachers, buildings etc. Most of their positions can be identified and proved by archeological excavations. During the past many Asian countries interacted with each other through peaceful means via religion, trade and political missions. The relationship between India and China can be traced back to very early times. The gradual spread of Buddhism into those areas was a further incentive for the development of this relationship. As the result of this relationship, certain Chinese pilgrim monks travelled to India, with the objects of paying homage to Buddhist sacred places, learning from Indian Buddhist teachers and collecting of Buddhist scriptures.