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PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/160995 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-10-04 and may be subject to change. Monuments & Memory Architectural Crossroads Studies in the History of Architecture Vol. 3 Series Editor Lex Bosman, Universiteit van Amsterdam Editorial Board Dale Kinney, Bryn Mawr College Wolfgang Schenkluhn, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Christof Thoenes, Bibliotheca Hertziana, Rome Marvin Trachtenberg, New York University Monuments & Memory Christian Cult Buildings and Constructions of the Past Essays in honour of Sible de Blaauw Edited by Mariëtte Verhoeven, Lex Bosman, and Hanneke van Asperen H F Cover photo: Nine Miedema, S. Prassede in Rome. Image editing: Centre for Art Historical Documentation (CKD), Radboud University Nijmegen. © 2016, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. D/2016/0095/215 ISBN 978-2-503-56973-4 Printed in the EU on acid-free paper Contents Introduction: Cherished Memories 9 Monuments ‘In Hoc Signo Vinces’: The Various Victories Commemorated Through the Labarum Nathalie DE HAAN & Olivier HEKSTER 17 Eine vergessene Erinnerung an das byzantinische Rom: Neudeutung und Rezeptionsgeschichte einer Grabinschrift aus dem 7. Jahrhundert in der S. Cecilia in Trastevere Raphael G. R. HUNSUCKER & Evelien J. J. ROELS 31 S. Giovanni in Laterano and Medieval Architecture: The Significance of Architectural Quotations Lex BOSMAN 43 Nikolaus IV. als Erneuerer von S. Giovanni in Laterano und S. Maria Maggiore in Rom Peter Cornelius CLAUSSEN 53 Visiting a ‘Home of the Saints’: S. Prassede in Rome Nine MIEDEMA & Daniëlle SLOOTJES 69 And They Were Always in the Temple: The Pilgrims’ Experience at S. Maria Rotonda Hanneke VAN ASPEREN 85 Jerusalem in Aachen Bianca KÜHNEL 95 Appropriation and Architecture: Mary Magdalene in Vézelay Mariëtte VERHOEVEN 107 Remembering the Lost Palace: Explaining and Engaging with the Absence of Constantinople’s Great Palace Isabel KIMMELFIELD 121 The Mausoleum of Helena and the Adjoining Basilica Ad Duas Lauros: Construction, Evolution and Reception Dafne OOSTEN 131 5 Contents Places Helena Augusta and the City of Rome Jan Willem DRIJVERS 147 Epic Architecture: Architectural Terminology and the Cities of Bethlehem and Jerusalem in the Epics of Juvencus and Proba Roald DIJKSTRA 155 Senatoren als Stifter der Kirche im spätantiken Rom Ralf BEHRWALD 163 Martyrien und Reliquien ,intra‘ and ,extra muros‘ im 4. und 5. Jahrhundert Beat BRENK 177 The Memory of the Bishop in the Early Christian Basilica Paolo LIVERANI 185 ,Drehmomente‘: Orientierungswechsel christlicher Kultbauten im mittelalterlichen Rom Daniela MONDINI 199 Sacralizing the Palace, Sacralizing the King: Sanctuaries and/in Royal Residences in Medieval Europe Peter RIETBERGEN 209 Fragen an Rom aus dem Umfeld der Bayrischen Jesuiten: Jakob Rabus’ Bedenckhspuncte von 1575 Ingo HERKLOTZ 221 Decoration and Liturgical Furnishing The Twelfth-Century Frescoes ‘Iuxta Scala Que Ascendit in Patriarchio’ Herbert L. KESSLER 259 Clergy and Laity Viewing Both Sides of Painted Altarpieces in Rome, Siena, San Sepolcro and Perugia Bram KEMPERS 269 St Jerome and a Church Model: The Altarpiece of the Brotherhood of the Immaculate Conception in Bergamo Bram DE KLERCK 279 Jerusalem and Other Holy Places As Represented by Jheronimus Bosch Jos KOLDEWEIJ 287 6 Contents The Choir Stalls of St Martin in Emmerich: History of a Battered Ensemble Willy PIRON 297 The Tree of Charlemagne? Ecclesiastical and Secular Rulers on Late Medieval Choir Stalls Christel THEUNISSEN 307 Persisting Patterns: Aspects of Continuity in Dutch Church Interiors through the Calvinist Reformation Justin E. A. KROESEN 317 Liturgical Revolution at the Basilica of S. Paolo Fuori le Mura (1560-1610) Nicola CAMERLENGHI 329 Managed Memory in S. Maria in Trastevere Dale KINNEY 337 Lost Frescoes, a Forgotten Saint and a Rediscovered Play: S. Magno in Cittaducale Arnold WITTE 349 The Servatius Chalice in St Servatius Church and Its ‘Replica’: Comments on the Origins Jean-Pierre VAN RIJEN 361 From Ravenna to Enschede: A Glass Mosaic of 1933 Lieske TIBBE 369 A Strange Lostness That Is Palpably Present: On Gerhard Richter’s ‘Cologne Cathedral Window’ Wouter WEIJERS 381 Colour Plates 393 7 Cherished Memories With this volume thirty-one authors honour on some of the same subjects, with contribu- Sible de Blaauw on the occasion of his retire- tions that are arranged according to three sec- ment from Radboud University. It is above all tions: Monuments – Places – Decoration & Liturgical a tribute to an influential and respected voice in Furnishing. Every essay addresses the memorial the field of early Christian art and architecture. potential of Christian buildings, of their loca- In 2015, the editors, on behalf of the Depart- tion, or of the accoutrement, whether or not still ment of Art History of Radboud University, in situ. Not surprisingly Rome re-appears fre- invited colleagues from Sible’s national and in- quently in all sections, with special attention to ternational network to write a contribution per- Rome’s churches. taining to the question of how Christian cult buildings have played a role in cultural memory Many of the authors in this volume explore a in different periods and in various geographical specific church in their essay. Raphael Hunsuck- and cultural contexts. What was envisioned was er and Evelien Roels study S. Cecilia in Traste- a publication that would correspond to Sible’s vere, Lex Bosman focuses on S. Giovanni in research interests: Rome and its monuments, Laterano, Nicola Camerlenghi on S. Paolo fuori early Christianity, Christian religious heritage, le mura, and Herbert Kessler on Scala Santa. liturgy and architecture, continuity of tradition, Nine Miedema and Daniëlle Slootjes concen- and memory. trate on S. Prassede, Dafne Oosten on the mau- In a research outline written in 2011 Sible de soleum of Helena and the basilica ad duas lauros. Blaauw stated that the potential role of long- Additionally, Dale Kinney examines S. Maria in surviving ancient church buildings in the con- Trastevere, Bianca Kühnel selects the Palatine ceptualization of the past, although of great in- Chapel in Aachen, Willy Piron highlights St terest, has rarely been the subject of systematic Martin in Emmerich and Mariëtte Verhoeven study. He proposed a comparative investigation writes about the Church of St Mary Magdalene of Christian monuments as an anchorage of in Vézelay. memory. This large-scale project should dem- The contributors have chosen a variety of ap- onstrate how ancient Christian cult buildings, proaches. Some authors focus on architecture time and again, helped to give meaning to the (Lex Bosman, Bianca Kühnel, Dafne Oosten), past, always in the perspective of contemporary, while others choose a specific (liturgical) ob- and hence variable, cultural settings. The first ject inside the church, such as altarpieces (Bram step in the realization of this project was an in- Kempers, and Bram de Klerck), memorials ternational expert meeting Monuments & Mem- (Dale Kinney), choir stalls (Christel Theunissen, ory at Radboud University in December 2011, and Willy Piron), relic-chalices (Jean-Pierre organized by Sible de Blaauw and Mariëtte Ver- van Rijen) and a stained-glass window (Wouter hoeven. The organizers brought together re- Weijers). A book on memory inevitably deals nowned experts from different disciplines in or- with loss. Weyers quotes art historian Michael der to discuss the intellectual underpinning and Ann Holly who describes the engagement with methodological approach of the theme. A sec- an object from former centuries as ‘loss without ond international expert meeting in September a lost object’. These reflections playfully interact 2012 focused on Rome under the title Between with the opening essay by Olivier Hekster and Monuments and Memory: Reimagining Christian Nathalie de Haan who focus on Constantine’s Rome between Antiquity and Modernity. labarum and deal with the special case of a lost Proving to be inexhaustible and inspiring, object that becomes the focus of religious and the research theme is taken up once more in this political ideologies nonetheless. Also Mariëtte volume. The book before you seeks to elaborate Verhoeven, Isabel Kimmelfield, and Arnold 9 Introduction Witte deal with different degrees of loss in their demonstrates how these chapels hark back to one contributions on the cult of St Mary Magdalene another in architecture and decoration. in Vézelay, the Great Palace in Istanbul and the Another fascinating, recurring theme, final- forgotten saint Magnus respectively. ly, is the ‘depiction’ of sites and monuments in Coming from another angle, several contribu- writing, for example in the epics of late antique tors opted to examine a person, or group of peo- poets, as is the subject of Roald Dijkstra’s con- ple, and their devotional practices. Church found- tribution. Arnold Witte turns his attention to a ers, for example, are one of the recurring themes seventeenth-century play that introduces some within this volume. Jan Willem Drijvers observes lost frescoes in the city of Cittaducale. Ingo the Empress Helena’s foundations in Rome, Ralf Herklotz enriches this volume with a critical Behrwald focuses on senators as church foun- edition of Jakob Rabus’s Bedenckhspunkte which ders, and Paolo Liverani examines how founding figures Rome and its monuments. bishops were visualized in church interiors. Beat Within every section the contributions are Brenk debates whether or not churches within ordered more or less chronologically. Of course, the walls of Thessaloniki might have been built some authors concentrate on the human inter- over martyrs’ graves. Daniela Mondini, inspired actions with a cult site during a short time span by Sible’s inaugural lecture In View of the Light, fo- (e.g.