GUSP) and Its Special Installations Service (SSO) Version of 2006-11-14
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Defense Industry Restructuring in Russia
S t a n f o r d U n i v e r s i t y C I S A C Center for International Security and Arms Control The Center for International Security and Arms Control, part of Stanford University’s Institute for International Studies, is a multidisciplinary community dedicated to research and train- ing in the field of international security. The Center brings together scholars, policymakers, scientists, area specialists, members of the business community, and other experts to examine a wide range of international security issues. CISAC publishes its own series of working papers and reports on its work and also sponsors a series, Studies in International Se- curity and Arms Control, through Stanford University Press. Center for International Security and Arms Control Stanford University 320 Galvez Street Stanford, California 94305-6165 (415) 723-9625 http://www-leland.stanford.edu/group/CISAC/ Contents Acknowledgments iv Executive Summary v I Introduction 1 Section One: Case Studies II The Central Aerohydrodynamic Research Institute (TsAGI) 9 III ELVIS+ and The Moscow Center for SPARC Technology (MCST) 28 IV Impuls 45 V The Mashinostroenie Enterprise 59 VI The Saratov Aviation Plant 79 Section Two: Analysis VII Privatization at Four Enterprises 111 VIII Organizational Restructuring 137 IX Principal Differences in Accounting Systems in Russia 163 and the United States X Reallocation of the Social Services 183 XI Conclusion 207 Glossary 216 1 Acknowledgments Many people have contributed to this report, and still more have contributed to the research leading up to it. In writing this report, we have not attempted to reach consensus among the authors on the interpretations to be drawn from the data. -
Management Challenges at the Centre of Government: Coalition Situations and Government Transitions
SIGMA Papers No. 22 Management Challenges at the Centre of Government: OECD Coalition Situations and Government Transitions https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5kml614vl4wh-en Unclassified CCET/SIGMA/PUMA(98)1 Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques OLIS : 10-Feb-1998 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Dist. : 11-Feb-1998 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Or. Eng. SUPPORT FOR IMPROVEMENT IN GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (SIGMA) A JOINT INITIATIVE OF THE OECD/CCET AND EC/PHARE Unclassified CCET/SIGMA/PUMA Cancels & replaces the same document: distributed 26-Jan-1998 ( 98 ) 1 MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES AT THE CENTRE OF GOVERNMENT: COALITION SITUATIONS AND GOVERNMENT TRANSITIONS SIGMA PAPERS: No. 22 Or. En 61747 g . Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format CCET/SIGMA/PUMA(98)1 THE SIGMA PROGRAMME SIGMA — Support for Improvement in Governance and Management in Central and Eastern European Countries — is a joint initiative of the OECD Centre for Co-operation with the Economies in Transition and the European Union’s Phare Programme. The initiative supports public administration reform efforts in thirteen countries in transition, and is financed mostly by Phare. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is an intergovernmental organisation of 29 democracies with advanced market economies. The Centre channels the Organisation’s advice and assistance over a wide range of economic issues to reforming countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Phare provides grant financing to support its partner countries in Central and Eastern Europe to the stage where they are ready to assume the obligations of membership of the European Union. -
Checklist of Rodents and Insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia
ZooKeys 1004: 129–139 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1004.57359 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Checklist of rodents and insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia Alexey V. Andreychev1, Vyacheslav A. Kuznetsov1 1 Department of Zoology, National Research Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaya Street, 68. 430005, Saransk, Russia Corresponding author: Alexey V. Andreychev ([email protected]) Academic editor: R. López-Antoñanzas | Received 7 August 2020 | Accepted 18 November 2020 | Published 16 December 2020 http://zoobank.org/C127F895-B27D-482E-AD2E-D8E4BDB9F332 Citation: Andreychev AV, Kuznetsov VA (2020) Checklist of rodents and insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia. ZooKeys 1004: 129–139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57359 Abstract A list of 40 species is presented of the rodents and insectivores collected during a 15-year period from the Republic of Mordovia. The dataset contains more than 24,000 records of rodent and insectivore species from 23 districts, including Saransk. A major part of the data set was obtained during expedition research and at the biological station. The work is based on the materials of our surveys of rodents and insectivo- rous mammals conducted in Mordovia using both trap lines and pitfall arrays using traditional methods. Keywords Insectivores, Mordovia, rodents, spatial distribution Introduction There is a need to review the species composition of rodents and insectivores in all regions of Russia, and the work by Tovpinets et al. (2020) on the Crimean Peninsula serves as an example of such research. Studies of rodent and insectivore diversity and distribution have a long history, but there are no lists for many regions of Russia of Copyright A.V. -
Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education
ADULT AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR THE DMITROV DISTRICT - RUSSIAN FEDERATION James J. Connors, Assistant Professor Department of Agricultural and Extension Education The University of Idaho Outstanding Research Presentation This paper is one of five outstanding research papers from the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Association for International Agricultural and Extension Education, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A., March 23, 24 & 25, 1995. Abstract This needs assessment was conducted during the summer of 1994 during the researcher=s Farmer- to-Farmer assignment in the Dmitrov District - Moscow Oblast - Russian Federation. A survey instrument translated into Russian was administered in face-to-face interviews with private farmers and agricultural workers. Respondents were interested in adult agricultural education seminars covering agricultural mechanics, animal feeds and nutrition, animal health and many other topics. Recommendations were made to the National Educational Methodology Center for conducting adult agricultural education seminars with citizens in the Dmitrov District. Introduction Theoretical Base Russian agriculture is currently going through The need for adult education in agriculture is drastic changes. The recent breakup of the world-wide. Curle (in Finley and Price, 1994) former Soviet Union has left State and Collective advocates that Ain developing societies. Farms in a state of limbo. Many people who significant attention should be given to the used to work for the state and collective farms enhancement of education in agriculture" (p. are seeking to start their own private farms. 279). Curle goes on to state that adult education However, other people without any prior in agriculture should "give the cultivators agricultural experiences are also interested in themselves as much education in agriculture as entering farming. -
Demographic, Economic, Geospatial Data for Municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (Excluding the City of Moscow and the Moscow Oblast) in 2010-2016
Population and Economics 3(4): 121–134 DOI 10.3897/popecon.3.e39152 DATA PAPER Demographic, economic, geospatial data for municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010-2016 Irina E. Kalabikhina1, Denis N. Mokrensky2, Aleksandr N. Panin3 1 Faculty of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia 2 Independent researcher 3 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia Received 10 December 2019 ♦ Accepted 28 December 2019 ♦ Published 30 December 2019 Citation: Kalabikhina IE, Mokrensky DN, Panin AN (2019) Demographic, economic, geospatial data for munic- ipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010- 2016. Population and Economics 3(4): 121–134. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.3.e39152 Keywords Data base, demographic, economic, geospatial data JEL Codes: J1, J3, R23, Y10, Y91 I. Brief description The database contains demographic, economic, geospatial data for 452 municipalities of the 16 administrative units of the Central Federal District (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) for 2010–2016 (Appendix, Table 1; Fig. 1). The sources of data are the municipal-level statistics of Rosstat, Google Maps data and calculated indicators. II. Data resources Data package title: Demographic, economic, geospatial data for municipalities of the Cen- tral Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010–2016. Copyright I.E. Kalabikhina, D.N.Mokrensky, A.N.Panin The article is publicly available and in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY 4.0) can be used without limits, distributed and reproduced on any medium, pro- vided that the authors and the source are indicated. -
9/11 Report”), July 2, 2004, Pp
Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page i THE 9/11 COMMISSION REPORT Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page v CONTENTS List of Illustrations and Tables ix Member List xi Staff List xiii–xiv Preface xv 1. “WE HAVE SOME PLANES” 1 1.1 Inside the Four Flights 1 1.2 Improvising a Homeland Defense 14 1.3 National Crisis Management 35 2. THE FOUNDATION OF THE NEW TERRORISM 47 2.1 A Declaration of War 47 2.2 Bin Ladin’s Appeal in the Islamic World 48 2.3 The Rise of Bin Ladin and al Qaeda (1988–1992) 55 2.4 Building an Organization, Declaring War on the United States (1992–1996) 59 2.5 Al Qaeda’s Renewal in Afghanistan (1996–1998) 63 3. COUNTERTERRORISM EVOLVES 71 3.1 From the Old Terrorism to the New: The First World Trade Center Bombing 71 3.2 Adaptation—and Nonadaptation— ...in the Law Enforcement Community 73 3.3 . and in the Federal Aviation Administration 82 3.4 . and in the Intelligence Community 86 v Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page vi 3.5 . and in the State Department and the Defense Department 93 3.6 . and in the White House 98 3.7 . and in the Congress 102 4. RESPONSES TO AL QAEDA’S INITIAL ASSAULTS 108 4.1 Before the Bombings in Kenya and Tanzania 108 4.2 Crisis:August 1998 115 4.3 Diplomacy 121 4.4 Covert Action 126 4.5 Searching for Fresh Options 134 5. -
Russian NGO Shadow Report on the Observance of the Convention
Russian NGO Shadow Report on the Observance of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment by the Russian Federation for the period from 2001 to 2005 Moscow, May 2006 CONTENT Introduction .......................................................................................................................................4 Summary...........................................................................................................................................5 Article 2 ..........................................................................................................................................14 Measures taken to improve the conditions in detention facilities .............................................14 Measures to improve the situation in penal institutions and protection of prisoners’ human rights ..........................................................................................................................................15 Measures taken to improve the situation in temporary isolation wards of the Russian Ministry for Internal Affairs and other custodial places ..........................................................................16 Measures taken to prevent torture and cruel and depredating treatment in work of police and other law-enforcement institutions ............................................................................................16 Measures taken to prevent cruel treatment in the armed forces ................................................17 -
Nordic Security and Defence Cooperation: Differentiated Integration in Uncertain Times
Politics and Governance (ISSN: 2183–2463) 2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages 100–109 DOI: 10.17645/pag.v8i4.3338 Article Nordic Security and Defence Cooperation: Differentiated Integration in Uncertain Times Rikard Bengtsson Department of Political Science, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; E-Mail: [email protected] Submitted: 12 June 2020 | Accepted: 28 August 2020 | Published: 3 November 2020 Abstract A decade ago, Nordic cooperation on security and defence matters gained momentum, having been largely absent from the map of Nordic cooperation during the Cold War and its aftermath. This article analyses developments along three di- mensions of Nordic cooperation: military defence (focusing on the Nordic Defence Cooperation), civil security (in the form of the ‘Haga’ process), and political cooperation (through the implementation of the Stoltenberg report). Three observa- tions stand out as a result: First, that the three dimensions are intimately related against the background of a common Nordic conceptualization of security; second, that there is simultaneously variation in significant respects (such as driving forces, scope, and degree of institutionalization); and third, that Nordic security and defence cooperation has developed in the context of European and transatlantic security dynamics and cooperation. The second part of the analysis seeks to interpret this picture from the analytical perspective of differentiated integration. The article ends with a set of reflections on the future of Nordic security and defence cooperation in light of the Coronavirus pandemic. Keywords civil security; cooperation; defence; differentiated integration; Haga process; NORDEFCO; Nordic; security; Stoltenberg Issue This article is part of the issue “Rediscovering Nordic Cooperation” edited by Anne Elizabeth Stie (University of Agder, Norway) and Jarle Trondal (University of Agder, Norway/ARENA University of Oslo, Norway). -
Annual Report OJSC SME Bank 2011 Contents
Annual Report OJSC SME Bank 2011 Contents 5 1. Top Persons 40 Moving to a New Home! 41 Events of the Year 5 Address of the Chairman of the Board 7 Management 50 6. Performance of Agency Functions 7 Supervisory Board of SME Bank OJSC 7 Management of SME Bank OJSC for the Government of the Russian Federation 7 Management of SME Leasing OJSC 50 Objectives of SME Bank OJSC in Its Capacity of an Agent of the Government of the Russia Federation 8 2. SME Lending in Russia in 2011. 50 Results of 2011 Market Overview 51 7. Financial Market Activities Overall Economic Situation 51 The Bank in the Financial Market 10 3. Portrait of the Bank 58 8. HR Policy 10 Key Operations of the Bank under the SME 10 Lending Support Program 60 10 Licenses 9. IT Support 10 Auditor 60 The Area of Responsibility of the IT Department 10 Key Ratings. Stability. Reliability. Development 60 IT Projects 11 Key Figures 13 Key Dates. 2011 68 10. Risk Management 22 4. Development Milestones 68 Credit Risks 68 Country Risks 22 Primary Results of the Small and Medium 68 Liquidity Risks Enterprises Lending Support Program 69 Market Risks 24 Credit Portfolio 69 Operating, Legal, Reputational and Strategic Risks 26 Credit Products 26 Regional Growth 28 Credit Portfolio Sector Profile 70 11. SME Leasing OJSC Operations 28 Loan Tenors 30 Loan Sizes 70 Results of 2011 30 Interest Rates 71 12. Company Details 38 5. Bank for Partners 38 Informative and Consultative Support 38 The Analytical Center of SME Bank OJSC 38 Business Education for Entrepreneurs 38 SME Bank OJSC and the World Wide Web 39 The Bank and Public Business Organizations 39 International Partnership 39 The Bank Becomes More Transparent for Its Partners 40 II Annual Forum “Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises — Contribution to the New Economy Annual Report 2011 / 2 Annual Report 2011 / 3 1. -
The Day After: Action Following a Nuclear Blast in a US City
Ashton B. Carter, Michael M. May, and William J. Perry The Day After: Action Following a Nuclear Blast in a U.S. City Ever since the United States lost its monopoly on nuclear weapons in 1949, the possibility of a nuclear attack on U.S. soil has been regarded as the gravest of all imaginable threats to U.S. national security. Today, nonstate terrorist actors such as al Qaeda have pledged to carry out an “American Hiroshima” of a significantly greater magnitude than the attacks perpetrated against the United States on September 11, 2001. Armed with the recognition that prevention offers by far the best protec- tion against nuclear terrorism, the U.S. national security establishment has long sought to ensure that nuclear weapons and fissile materials do not fall into new and threatening hands, especially those of terrorists. Through ini- tiatives such as the Nunn-Lugar program, which has provided U.S.-funded assistance to the former states of the Soviet Union to secure and dismantle their nuclear weapons programs, Washington has led international efforts in cooperative threat reduction resulting in the deactivation of more than 7,000 nuclear warheads since 1991. In spite of these successes, the threat of a nuclear attack against the United States has not yet been eradicated, nor has the spread of weapons of mass de- struction been effectively curtailed. The serious setbacks to nuclear terrorism prevention in recent years are particularly disturbing, as evidenced by North Korea’s new nuclear weapons arsenal, Iran’s unchecked nuclear developments, continuing political risk in nuclear-armed Pakistan, and inadequately safeguard- ed weapons and fissile materials still remaining in Russia and elsewhere. -
The End of Nuclear Warfighting: Moving to a Deterrence-Only Posture
THE END OF NUCLEAR WARFIGHTING MOVING TO A W E I DETERRENCE-ONLY V E R POSTURE E R U T S O P R A E L C U N . S . U E V I T A N September 2018 R E T L A Dr. Bruce G. Blair N Jessica Sleight A Emma Claire Foley In Collaboration with the Program on Science and Global Security, Princeton University The End of Nuclear Warfighting: Moving to a Deterrence-Only Posture an alternative u.s. nuclear posture review Bruce G. Blair with Jessica Sleight and Emma Claire Foley Program on Science and Global Security, Princeton University Global Zero, Washington, DC September 2018 Copyright © 2018 Bruce G. Blair published by the program on science and global security, princeton university This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial License; to view a copy of this license, visit www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0 typesetting in LATEX with tufte document class First printing, September 2018 Contents Abstract 5 Executive Summary 6 I. Introduction 15 II. The Value of U.S. Nuclear Capabilities and Enduring National Objectives 21 III. Maximizing Strategic Stability 23 IV. U.S. Objectives if Deterrence Fails 32 V. Modernization of Nuclear C3 40 VI. Near-Term Guidance for Reducing the Risks of Prompt Launch 49 VII. Moving the U.S. Strategic Force Toward a Deterrence-Only Strategy 53 VIII.Nuclear Modernization Program 70 IX. Nuclear-Weapon Infrastructure: The “Complex” 86 X. Countering Nuclear Terrorism 89 XI. Nonproliferation and Strategic-Arms Control 91 XII. Conclusion 106 Authors 109 Abstract The United States should adopt a deterrence-only policy based on no first use of nuclear weapons, no counterforce against opposing nuclear forces in second use, and no hair-trigger response. -
Russian Government Continues to Support Cattle Sector
THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Voluntary - Public Date: 6/17/2013 GAIN Report Number: RS1335 Russian Federation Post: Moscow Russian Government Continues to Support Cattle Sector Report Categories: Livestock and Products Policy and Program Announcements Agricultural Situation Approved By: Holly Higgins Prepared By: FAS/Moscow Staff Report Highlights: Russia’s live animal imports have soared in recent years, as the Federal Government has supported the rebuilding of the beef and cattle sector in Russia. This sector had been in continual decline since the break-up of the Soviet Union, but imports of breeding stock have resulted in a number of modern ranches. The Russian Federal and oblast governments offer a series of support programs meant to stimulate livestock development in the Russian Federation over the next seven years which are funded at hundreds of billions of Russian rubles (almost $10 billion). These programs are expected to lead to a recovery of the cattle industry. Monies have been allocated for both new construction and modernization of old livestock farms, purchase of domestic and imported of high quality breeding dairy and beef cattle, semen and embryos; all of which should have a direct and favorable impact on livestock genetic exports to Russia through 2020. General Information: Trade Russia’s live animal imports have soared in recent years, as the Federal Government has supported the rebuilding of the beef and cattle sector in Russia. This sector has been in decline since the break-up of the Soviet Union, but imports of breeding stock have resulted in a number of modern ranches which are expected to lead to a recovery of the cattle industry.