The Business of Cities 2013
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LANGUAGE and TRANSLATION an Introduction to Language and Translation for Global Online Communications, Localized Websites and International Social Media
LANGUAGE AND TRANSLATION An introduction to language and translation for global online communications, localized websites and international social media www.ibt.onl An IBT Online ebook publication© Inside your Ebook IBT Online : Go Global with Website Localization WHO SHOULD BE READING THIS EBOOK? 3 LANGUAGE IN THE WORLD 4 LANGUAGE IN EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA 5 TRANSLATION INDUSTRY 6 TRANSLATION SUPPLIERS 7 TRANSLATION SERVICES 8 TRANSLATION TECHNOLOGY 10 TRANSLATION ONLINE (WEB PAGES, PRESENCE, HOSTING) 13 TRANSLATION ONLINE (SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION, 15 SOCIAL MEDIA) TRANSLATION TOP TEN TRENDS 19 NEXT STEPS AND ABOUT IBT ONLINE 21 Produced by IBT Online publications team. More resources available at: www.ibt.onl/resources www.ibt.onl Language and Translation 2 Who should be reading this? This ebook provides an introduction to language and translation for global online communications used for localized websites and international social media You should be reading this ebook, if you want an introduction to: Languages used for online communications, social media, localized websites and search engine optimization The translation service industry Translation suppliers and services Translation technologies Translation online This ebook is designed for business owners, marketing directors, international business development managers who are looking to grow their exports and business globally and would like guidance on how to manage language and translation in their target markets. This ebook is both informative and practical. It will -
UK Here They Come
Tuesday, December 6, 2005 Volume 132, Issue 14 Varsity players juggle rigorous academic and athletic schedules The University of Delaware's Independent Student Newspaper Since 1882 Sports Page 29 UK here they come ... Two students win prestigious award BY MARIAH-RUSSELL "I could go back to Kansas and my job in Staff Reporter retail clothing, or go to Egypt and study Arabic," In their spare time, they run · the Dead Sea he said. Marathon in Jordan and practice Brazilian Jiu- He chose the latter. Jitsu. On campus, they can be found giving tours Isherwood said he enjoyed his time in Egypt and researching in laboratories. so much that he spent 13 months of the past four But next year, they will both begin graduate years abroad, voyaging to Egypt, South Africa studies in England. And the British government and Morocco. In his travels, he researched will be picking up the tab - worth approximate African refugee camps, learned Arabic, worked ly $100,000. at a legal aid organization and taught English to Seniors Tom Isherwood and Jim Parris were refugees. named Marshall Scholars, making the university The following summer Isherwood went to one of only six schools to have more than one Morocco, where he lived with a host family and recipient Others include Georgetown, Stanford improved his Arabic. Then, last January, he and Yale Univeristies. began a seven-month stay in Egypt The Marshall Scholarship was founded by That spring, he worked as a research assis the British Parliament as part of the European tant for Dr. Barbara Harrell-Bond, a founder of Recovery Program in 1953. -
Putting the Democracy Into Edemocracy
Putting the Democracy into eDemocracy: An investigation into the arguments for the democratic potential of the Internet ALLISON VERITY ORR 2120304 1 CONTENTS Contents ................................................................................................................................................ 2 CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................... 5 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 10 The Internet ..................................................................................................................................... 13 A Brief History of the Internet ......................................................................................................... 15 Language and the Internet .............................................................................................................. 18 CHAPTER 2 - METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 26 Essentially Contested Concepts ....................................................................................................... 29 Constellations of Concepts .............................................................................................................. 30 Political Disagreement and Rhetorical Arguments ......................................................................... -
Canada's Location in the World System: Reworking
CANADA’S LOCATION IN THE WORLD SYSTEM: REWORKING THE DEBATE IN CANADIAN POLITICAL ECONOMY by WILLIAM BURGESS BA (Hon.), Queens University, 1978 MA (Plan.), University of British Columbia, 1995 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Geography We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA January 2002 © William Burgess, 2002 Abstract Canada is more accurately described as an independent imperialist country than a relatively dependent or foreign-dominated country. This conclusion is reached by examining recent empirical evidence on the extent of inward and outward foreign investment, ownership links between large financial corporations and large industrial corporations, and the size and composition of manufacturing production and trade. -
Case Comments and Notes Chronique De Jurisprudence Et Notes Monopoly, Detriment to the Public, and the K. C. Irving Case
167 Case Comments and Notes Chronique de Jurisprudence et Notes Monopoly, Detriment to the Public, and the K. C. Irving Case INTRODUCTION The K. C. Irving case, reaching, as it did, the Supreme Court of Canada, is of substantial importance with respect to the effectiveness of the monopoly and merger provisions of the Combines Investigation Act. In a recent Annual Report, the Director of Investigation and Research stated: On November 16, 1976, the Supreme Court of Canada handl'd down its unanimous decision dismissing the Crown’s appeal against the acquittal in the K. C. Irving case. That decision disposed of whatever hopes may have remained that the present criminal prohibition of mergers could be an effective instrument.1 The need for a Supreme Court judgment, particularly in a merger case, had been prominent in the thinking of the administrators of the Combines Investigation Act ever since the trial court decisions acquitting the defendants in I960 in the Beer2 and Sugar3 cases. A common theme in the opinions expressed by Combines officials was that these decisions, by requiring a virtual elimination of competition to be illegal, seriously weakened the merger provision of the Act. The 1960 amendment specified that a lessening or likely lessening of competition to the detriment of the public in a merger case was proof of illegality. The Beer and Sugar decisions were arrived at under legislation in which operation, or likely operation to the detriment of the public, was required for illegality. In view of the different provisions, it is somewhat surprising that these decisions were as influential in official thinking as they evidently were. -
Anglo-French Rivalry for the Great Lakes Fur Trades, 1700-1760
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1995 The price of empire: Anglo-French rivalry for the Great Lakes fur trades, 1700-1760 Matthew R. Laird College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Canadian History Commons, Economic History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Laird, Matthew R., "The price of empire: Anglo-French rivalry for the Great Lakes fur trades, 1700-1760" (1995). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539623876. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-1zs7-yy90 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. -
KS5 Student Book
KS5 Student Book Name: Always consider/Explore how texts: 1.represent language 2.construct an identity for the producer 3.position the reader and seek to influence them 4.are connected to discourses about language. Meanings and Representations – HOW to analyse a new text Read for meaning. That is, get a decent sense of the following: • What each text is about – the topic that they share • What’s being said about that topic • What different views are being offered You can also make some initial notes to help with the other parts of the questions, such as: • What kinds of texts they are - genre • The mode/s they are in – spoken, written, computer-mediated communication • Their audiences and purposes These observations can help you sort out some useful starting points for your notes, which can then help you form the basis of your main paragraphs for each answer. Next, I’d suggest finding 5-6 ‘hotspots’ in each text. These are areas in each text that convey the clearest and most useful ideas. These hotspots could be a single phrase, a section of the text (an image, a headline, the opening or closing lines), a sentence or even a pattern of language across the whole text. These hotspots should mean something and, in some cases at least, represent the topic or views on the topic in a way that you can pull apart. There’s no point just picking a few words because you can label them with terms that you’ve learnt (“x is a determiner and y is a pronoun”); it’s vital to get to grips with language that means something and contributes to the overall meanings in each text. -
Download Article (PDF)
The First International Symposium on Business Cooperation and Development in South-East and South Asia under B&R Initiative (ISBCD-16) Cross-culture Business Communication by Emoji in GMS Li Yan Feng Yuhui* International Business School Yunnan University of Finance and Economic International Business School Kunming, China Yunnan University of Finance and Economic [email protected] Kunming, China [email protected] Yang Haiyang Qiu Menlan International Business School Yunnan University of Finance and Economic International Business School Kunming, China Yunnan University of Finance and Economic [email protected] Kunming, China [email protected] Abstract—Emoji has developed rapidly on Internet in recent countries has undoubtedly facilitated cross-cultural years and plays an important role in cross-cultural communication. Most people in the world can share their communication. But whether it can be adopted in the feelings with a universal set of emoji. However, in this research, communication by people in Southeast Asia remains a problem. we focus on examining whether it is possible to use emoji for Furthermore, whether graphical symbols like emoji are capable business communication in Southeast Asia where individuals of working as a pre-trade supplementary approach of share different cultural backgrounds. information exchange in GMS area, considering limitations like agriculture-led population and diverse minority languages. As a newly approach of trading, cross-border E-commerce Besides, English is not universally adopted in this area, so it’s became more and more popular and has infiltrate into all areas hard for people there to use English as an intermediate language. of international business activities. It has a profound impact on To respond to this question, we conducted two Web-based changing the international economic landscape. -
The New Combines Investigation Act
I www.fraserinstitute.org Contributors include: Reuven Brenner L Philipp e de Grandpre Steven Globerman J. William Rowle y Donald N . Thompson Edwin G . West Edited by Walter Bloc k www.fraserinstitute.org IV Canadian Cataloguin g i n Publicatio n Dat a Main entry under title: Reaction: the new Combines Investigation Act Bibliography: p. ISBN 0-88975-083-1 1. Canada. Combines Investigation Act - Addresses, essays, lectures. 2. Antitrust law - Canada - Addresses, essays, lectures. 3. Restraint of trade - Canada - Addresses, essays, lectures. 4. Competition, Unfair - Canada - Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Brenner, Reuven. II. Block, Walter, 1941 - III. Fraser Institute (Vancouver, B.C.) KE1639.5.R42 1986 343.71'072 C86-091206-X COPYRIGHT © 1986 by The Fraser Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Printed in Canada www.fraserinstitute.org CONTENTS Introduction xiii Walter Block, Senior Economist, The Fraser Institute Chapter One Overview of Competition Law Changes, 1986-Style 3 William A. Macdonald I. GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION 3 Powerful economic developments 4 Improved process 4 Government-business alienation 5 Business community role 6 Canadian versus U.S. developments 6 New U.S. initiatives 7 Overview coverage 8 II. CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES 8 Tribunal versus courts 9 Proposed competition tribunal 9 Regrettable, but not fatal 10 Courts better choice 11 Cabinet override 11 Membership calibre, Cabinet responsibility, are fundamental 12 Powers reform 13 III. THREE KEY PRINCIPLES 13 Vast improvement 14 Shortcomings remain 14 Conspiracies essentially unchanged 15 New civil abuse of dominant positions acceptable 15 Merger provisions key 16 Consumer in driver's seat 16 Wrong policy choice made 17 U.S. -
So I Realized That a Lot of Topics Have Very Similar Impacts (Soft Power
So I realized that a lot of topics have very similar impacts (soft power, relations, heg, econ, blah blah blah) and that a lot of cards from previous topic blockfiles could be useful in the future. So basically this file is a bunch of those previous cards organized into a file — the first part is the written up version, the second part is all the cards. Table of Contents (not exactly in order, just use command+F): Heg US Econ Climate change Democracy Allied prolif Cyber security Credibility/Allied commitment Multipolarity Soft Power/Diplomacy Multilateralism Deterrence Latin Relations China war impacts Chinese Aggression Russia impacts North Korea impacts Middle East stability etc Nuclear terror Drone strikes Interventions Donations to US campaigns Unions ISIL Trump has crazy fopo Al Qaeda Military Readiness LNG impacts Free Trade Federalism Oil Spills Appeasement/weakness thesis Resource wars Microfinance Renewables transition Social movements Offshore Balancing Written blocks AT: Hegemony GOOD: qa China nuclear war: 1. International affairs professor Robert Gilpin confirms in 2013 that if US hegemony declines and China becomes a challenger, a war between the US and China is practically guaranteed, as no dominant state in history has ever relinquished its position without a fight and no rising power has ever established itself as dominant without winning a great power war. Professor of political science Caitlin Talmadge furthers in 2016 that because China and the US would be unable to distinguish between conventional strikes and attempts to destroy the other’s nuclear capability, a US China war would have a high chance of going nuclear. -
Internet Fashion Map: the Web Repre- Sentation of Certain Fashion Hot Spots
Internet Fashion Map: the web repre- sentation of certain fashion hot spots. Bauknecht, Thomas Eugen Schaefer, Jule Bug, Peter Reutlingen University 2017 Reutlingen List of Contents List of Tables ..................................................................................................................2 List of Figures .................................................................................................................3 1 Abstract .............................................................................................................4 2 Introduction .......................................................................................................5 3 Literature review ...............................................................................................6 4 Methods, how data is collected and analyzed ............................................... 13 5 Results of data collection and analysis ........................................................... 17 5.1 Procedure ....................................................................................................... 17 5.2 Findings ........................................................................................................... 23 6 Research Limitations ...................................................................................... 25 7 Discussion of relevance .................................................................................. 26 8 Conclusion ..................................................................................................... -
Shareholder Proposals: a Catalyst for Climate Change-Related Disclosure, Analysis, and Action?
Shareholder Proposals: A Catalyst for Climate Change-Related Disclosure, Analysis, and Action? Elise N. Rindfleisch' TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction ................................................................................................ 46 II. Climate Change-Related Risks and Opportunities for Corporations ...... 49 A. Physical Risks ................................................................................ 49 B. Regulatory Risks ........................................................................... 51 C. Litigation Risks .............................................................................. 53 D. Competitive Risks .......................................................................... 54 E. Reputational Risks ......................................................................... 55 F. Competitive Opportunities ............................................................ 55 G. Reputational Opportunities .......................................................... 56 H. Financial Opportunities ................................................................ 56 III. The Shareholder Proposal Process .......................................................... 57 A. Rule 14a-8 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ..................... 57 B. Effects of Shareholder Proposals .................................................. 61 IV. Case Studies - Shareholder Proposals Filed with Oil and Gas Companies .......................................................................................... 62 A. Anadarko Petroleum