DOCSLIB.ORG

The Muted Voice of the Catholic Church in Angola

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Muted Voice of the Catholic Church in Angola View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Calhoun, Institutional Archive of the Naval Postgraduate School Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis and Dissertation Collection 2016-12 The muted voice of the Catholic Church in Angola Drewiske, Jeffrey A. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/51683 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS THE MUTED VOICE OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN ANGOLA by Jeffrey A. Drewiske December 2016 Thesis Advisor: Rachel Sigman Second Reader: Diego Esparza Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704–0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED (Leave blank) December 2016 Master’s thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS THE MUTED VOICE OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN ANGOLA 6. AUTHOR(S) Jeffrey A. Drewiske 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION REPORT Monterey, CA 93943-5000 NUMBER 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND 10. SPONSORING / ADDRESS(ES) MONITORING AGENCY N/A REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. IRB number ____N/A____. 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) This thesis explores the role of the Catholic Church in Angola and compares it to the influence of the Church in two other former Portuguese colonies: Mozambique and Brazil. More specifically, this thesis asks how the Catholic Church has permeated each society and spread the values and rights pronounced by the Second Vatican Council. Using a comparative case study methodology, this thesis investigates why the influence of the Church, specifically with respect to the development of rights and freedoms, was weaker in Angola than in Brazil and Mozambique despite a common colonial and religious heritage. The analysis suggests that state resistance to international influence, or gatekeeping, is a significant factor in understanding the relationship between transnational actors and civil society, as suggested by the boomerang pattern. Rents from resource revenue enabled Angolan elite to sustain their gatekeeping efforts longer than others. This argument suggests the need to bring together theories of transnational advocacy and the resource curse to better understand when and why transnational actors influence domestic politics. These insights offer potential lessons to policy makers as they search for opportunities to effectively promote liberal democracy and constructively engage states in the developing world. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF Catholic Church; Second Vatican Council; boomerang pattern; gatekeeper; human rights PAGES 89 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY 18. SECURITY 19. SECURITY 20. LIMITATION CLASSIFICATION OF CLASSIFICATION OF THIS CLASSIFICATION OF OF ABSTRACT REPORT PAGE ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified UU NSN 7540–01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2–89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239–18 i THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ii Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. THE MUTED VOICE OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN ANGOLA Jeffrey A. Drewiske Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy B.S., United States Naval Academy, 2005 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN SECURITY STUDIES (MIDDLE EAST, SOUTH ASIA, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA) from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL December 2016 Approved by: Rachel Sigman Thesis Advisor Diego Esparza Second Reader Mohammed Hafez Chair, Department of National Security Affairs iii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK iv ABSTRACT This thesis explores the role of the Catholic Church in Angola and compares it to the influence of the Church in two other former Portuguese colonies: Mozambique and Brazil. More specifically, this thesis asks how the Catholic Church has permeated each society and spread the values and rights pronounced by the Second Vatican Council. Using a comparative case study methodology, this thesis investigates why the influence of the Church, specifically with respect to the development of rights and freedoms, was weaker in Angola than in Brazil and Mozambique despite a common colonial and religious heritage. The analysis suggests that state resistance to international influence, or gatekeeping, is a significant factor in understanding the relationship between transnational actors and civil society, as suggested by the boomerang pattern. Rents from resource revenue enabled Angolan elite to sustain their gatekeeping efforts longer than others. This argument suggests the need to bring together theories of transnational advocacy and the resource curse to better understand when and why transnational actors influence domestic politics. These insights offer potential lessons to policy makers as they search for opportunities to effectively promote liberal democracy and constructively engage states in the developing world. v THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK vi TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................1 A. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH QUESTION ...........................2 B. LITERATURE REVIEW .........................................................................3 1. Catholic Social Teaching ...............................................................4 2. Transnational Advocacy and the Catholic Church ....................7 3. State Sovereignty and Resistance .................................................9 C. HYPOTHESES AND ARGUMENT ......................................................11 D. RESEARCH DESIGN .............................................................................12 E. THESIS OVERVIEW AND CHAPTER OUTLINE ............................13 II. CHURCH EMBEDDEDNESS IN SOCIETY ...................................................15 A. THE PORTUGUESE COLONIAL EMPIRE .......................................16 1. Brazil .............................................................................................17 2. Portuguese Africa.........................................................................20 3. Angola ...........................................................................................22 4. Mozambique .................................................................................29 B. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................34 III. STATE ACTION AND GATEKEEPING .........................................................37 A. BACKGROUND TO CONFLICT .........................................................39 B. THE ROLE OF RESOURCES IN CONFLICT AND GATEKEEPING IN ANGOLA ..............................................................42 C. THE ROLE OF RESOURCES IN CONFLICT AND GATEKEEPING IN MOZAMBIQUE ..................................................48 D. THE ROLE OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE PEACE PROCESS IN ANGOLA .........................................................................49 E. THE ROLE OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE PEACE PROCESS IN MOZAMBIQUE .............................................................51 F. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................54 IV. CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................57 A. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................57 B. HYPOTHESES EVALUATED ..............................................................58 C. QUESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH ..........................................61 D. RESOURCE CURSE REVISITED ........................................................62 E. RELEVANCE FOR THE U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AND THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE .............................................................64 vii LIST OF REFERENCES ................................................................................................67 INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST ...................................................................................75 viii LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS CCM Christian Council of Mozambique CEAST Episcopal Conference for Angola and Sao Tome CELAM Latin American Bishops Conference CNBB National Conference of Bishops COIEPA Inter-Ecclesiastical Committee for Peace in Angola FNLA National Liberation Front of Angola FRELIMO Mozambican Liberation Front GURN Government of National Unity and Reconciliation IMBISA Inter-Regional Meeting of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Godność Człowieka I Dobro Wspólne W Papieskim Nauczaniu Społecznym
    Rozdział III Godność człowieka i dobro wspólne w nauczaniu papieskim w latach 1878−1958 1. Leon XIII i fundamenty papieskiego nauczania o godności człowieka i dobru wspólnym Nikomu nie wolno naruszać bezkarnie tej godności człowie- ka, którą sam Bóg z wielka czcią rozporządza899. Cel bowiem wytknięty państwu dotyczy wszystkich oby- wateli, bo jest nim dobro powszechne, w którym uczestni- czyć mają prawo wszyscy razem i każdy z osobna, w części należnej900. Uczestnicy współczesnego dyskursu politycznego w poszukiwaniu aksjologicznych fun- damentów dla ustawodawstwa krajowego czy ponadnarodowego odwołują się do takich kategorii, jak: wolność, równość, prawa człowieka. Do tych fundamentalnych idei zaliczyć należy również dignitas humana i bonum commune901. Wydaje się poza dyskusją, że wielką rolę w przetrwaniu i rozwoju tych idei odegrała katolicka nauka społeczna, co uzasadnia poddanie analizie poglądów w tej materii twórcy papieskiego nauczania społecznego Le- ona XIII. Wybrany 20 lutego 1878 r. na papieża arcybiskup Perugii, kardynał Vincenzo Gioacchi- no Aloiso Pecci (1810−1903) przybrał imię Leona XIII. Nowy papież rozbudził w środowi- skach katolickich, zwłaszcza w kręgach zajmujących się problemami społecznymi, wielkie nadzieje na zmiany, które byłyby w stanie dostosować Kościół katolicki do istniejących 899 Rerum novarum Jego Świątobliwości Leona, z opatrzności Bożej papieża XIII, encyklika o robot- nikach z 15 maja 1891 r. Osobne odbicie z „Notyfi kacyj” Kuryi Książęco-Biskupiej w Krakowie, nr VII i VIII z roku 1891, Kraków 1891, s. 27. 900 Ibidem, s. 33. 901 Szerzej na ten temat por. M. Sadowski, Godność człowieka – aksjologiczna podstawa państwa i prawa, [w:] Studia Erasmiana Wratislaviensia − Wrocławskie Studia Erazmiańskie, Zeszyt Naukowy Studentów, Doktorantów i Pracowników Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Wrocław 2007, s.
    [Show full text]
  • Acta Apostolicae Sedis
    2015 - Digital Collections - Biblioteca Don Bosco - Roma - http://digital.biblioteca.unisal.it ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE ANNUS XXV '.- VOLUMEN XXV ROMAE TYPIS POLYGLOTTIS VATICANIS M • DÇCCC • XXXIII 2015 - Digital Collections - Biblioteca Don Bosco - Roma - http://digital.biblioteca.unisal.it 2015 - Digital Collections - Biblioteca Don Bosco - Roma - http://digital.biblioteca.unisal.it IH" 2015 - Digital Collections - Biblioteca Don Bosco - Roma - http://digital.biblioteca.unisal.it 2015 - Digital Collections - Biblioteca Don Bosco - Roma - http://digital.biblioteca.unisal.it Annus XXV - VoL XXV 30 ianuarii 1933 Num. 1 ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE INDETIO ANNI SANCTI EXTRA ORDINEM AC GENERALIS MAXIMIQUE IUBILAEI UNDEVICESIMO EXEUNTE SAECULO A PERACTA HUMANI GENERIS REDEMPTIONE PIUS EPISCOPUS SERVUS SERVORUM DEI UNIVERSIS CHRISTIFIDELIBUS PRAESENTES LITTERAS INSPECTURIS SALUTEM ET APOSTOLICAM BENEDICTIONEM Quod nuper, sub Iesu Christi nati sollemnia, non modo amplissimo Purpuratorum Patrum Conlegio iisque omnibus, qui faustorum ominum causa Nos convenerant, sed universo etiam catholico orbi nuntiavimus, id ad effectum deducere properamus, Annum Sanctum extra ordinem scilicet indicendo ac generale maximumque Iubilaeum, undevicesimo exeunte saeculo a peracta humani generis Redemptione. Etenim, si ad historiae fidem in quemnam annum id incidat non omnino exploratum est, eventum tamen, vel hic potius mi­ rabilium rerum gestarum ordo, tantae est gravitatis tantique momenti, ut silentio praetermitti non
    [Show full text]
  • THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY of AMERICA Christ and the Triumphant Victims: Relics and the Altar in the Ordo Dedicationis Ecclesiae E
    THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA Christ and the Triumphant Victims: Relics and the Altar in the Ordo dedicationis ecclesiae et altaris A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Theology and Religious Studies Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Suzanne Sarah Herold Washington, DC 2016 Christ and the Triumphant Victims: Relics and the Altar in the Ordo dedicationis ecclesiae et altaris Suzanne Sarah Herold, Ph.D. Director: Michael G. Witczak, S.L.D. This dissertation examines the use of relics in the Ordo dedicationis ecclesiae et altaris in light of the Second Vatican Council’s liturgical theology. The dissertation utilizes the method described by Kevin Irwin in Context and Text. The dissertation begins with a historical study of the extant rites of dedication of a church. It studies how the rite of dedication developed and how relics became a required element of the ritual, including the translation, vigil and deposition of relics. The work looks at the meanings associated with relics as well as the perceived relationship between relics and the altar. Beginning with the Medieval period, relics were understood to be necessary for dedication, with the celebration of Mass a festive completion of the rite. Rites of dedication include the deposition of relics as a central ritual moment from the fourth century through the middle of the twentieth century. Through historical study, the use of Conciliar documents, and the examination of the role of relics in the schemata of the Consilium, this dissertation presents an analysis of the shifts in the understanding regarding the dedication of a church.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Development As Integral Development: the Os Cial Teaching of the Church in an African Context Joseph Kariuki Kamau
    Duquesne University Duquesne Scholarship Collection Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fall 2009 Human Development as Integral Development: The oS cial Teaching of the Church in an African Context Joseph Kariuki Kamau Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd Recommended Citation Kamau, J. (2009). Human Development as Integral Development: The ocS ial Teaching of the Church in an African Context (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University). Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/727 This Immediate Access is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AS INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT THE SOCIAL TEACHING OF THE CHURCH IN AN AFRICAN CONTEXT A Dissertation Submitted to the McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts Duquesne University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosphy By Kamau Joseph Kariuki December 2009 Copyright by Kamau Joseph Kariuki 2009 iii HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AS INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT THE SOCIAL TEACHING OF THE CHURCH IN AN AFRICAN CONTEXT By Kamau Joseph Kariuki Approved November 18, 2009 Approved: _________________________________________ Dr. Gerald Boodoo, Dissertation Director Approved: _________________________________________ Dr. George S. Worgul, Jr., First Reader Approved: _________________________________________ Dr. Daniel Scheid, Second Reader Approved: _________________________________________ Dr. George S. Worgul, Jr. Chair of the Theology Department Approved: _________________________________________ Christopher M. Duncan, Ph.D. Dean, McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts iv ABSTRACT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AS INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT THE SOCIAL TEACHING OF THE CHURCH IN AN AFRICAN CONTEXT By Kamau Joseph Kariuki December 2009 Dissertation supervised by Gerald Boodoo, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Pope Pius XII
    Pope Pius XII From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Pius XII Papacy began 2 March 1939 Papacy ended 9 October 1958 Predecessor Pius XI Successor John XXIII Orders Ordination 2 April 1899 13 May 1917 Consecration by Pope Benedict XV Created 16 December 1929 Cardinal Personal details Eugenio Marìa Giuseppe Birth name Giovanni Pacelli 2 March 1876 Born Rome, Kingdom of Italy 9 October 1958 (aged 82) Died Castel Gandolfo, Italy Opus Justitiae Pax Motto (The work of justice and peace) Signature Coat of arms Other Popes named Pius Venerable Servant of God Pope Pius XII (Latin: Pius PP. XII; Italian: Pio XII), born Eugenio Marìa Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (2 March 1876 – 9 October 1958), reigned as Pope, head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City State, from 2 March 1939 until his death in 1958. Before election to the papacy, Pacelli served as secretary of the Department of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, papal nuncio and Cardinal Secretary of State, in which capacity he worked to conclude treaties with European and Latin American nations, most notably the Reichskonkordat with Nazi Germany. The concordat of 1933 which saw the self-destruction of the Centre (Catholic) Party, on the orders of the Holy See, and Pius' leadership of the Catholic Church during World War II, including his "decision to stay silent in public about the fate of the Jews",[1] remain the subject of controversy. After the war Pius XII advocated peace and reconciliation, including lenient policies towards Axis and Axis-satellite nations. The Church experienced severe persecution and mass deportations of Catholic clergy in the Eastern Bloc.
    [Show full text]
  • ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE ANNUS X I I I - VOLUMEN X I II R O M a E TYPIS POLYGLOTTIS VATICANIS MCMXXI Fr Annus XIII - Vol
    ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE ANNUS X I I I - VOLUMEN X I II R O M A E TYPIS POLYGLOTTIS VATICANIS MCMXXI fr Annus XIII - Vol. XIII 3 Ianuarii 1921 Num. 1 ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE ACTA BENEDICTI PP. XV L I T T E R A E A P O S T O L I C AE I TEMPLUM PAROCHIALE SANCTI IOANNIS DE DEO, IN CIVITATE MACARAIBO, DIOECESIS ZULIENSIS, TITULO AC PRIVILEGIIS BASILICAE MINORIS AUGETUR. BENEDICTUS PP. XV Ad perpetuam rei memoriam. Exstat in civitate episcopali Macaraibo, dioecesis Zuliensis, intra fines Reipublicae de Venezuela, Americae meridionalis, ecclesia parochialis in honorem sancti Ioannis de Deo erecta et consecrata, tum molis amplitudine, tum artis operum splendore conspicua, in qua antiqua populi religione asservatur thaumaturga imago beatae Mariae Virginis de la Chiquinquira nuncupata, aureo per Nos diademate redimita. Hoc quidem ad sanctuarium, gratiarum apud Deum sequestram Virginem veneraturi, turmatim confluunt tam cives quam advenae, etiam a dissitis regionibus, ideoque dilectus filius Antonius M. Soto, hodiernus eiusdem ecclesiae parochus, roboratas amplissimo suffragio episcoporum dioecesium Zuliensis et de Calaboro preces Nobis humiliter adhibuit, ut eandem aedem ad titulum ac dignitatem Basilicae Minoris evehere dignaremur. Nos autem, quibus nihil antiquius est quam ut pietas christiani populi erga beatissimam Virginem magis ac magis augeatur, votis huiusmodi annuentes, audito venerabili fratre Nostro Antonio S. R. E. Cardinali Vico, episcopo Portuensi et sanctae Rufinae, Sacrorum Rituum Congregationi Praefecto, apostolica Nostra auctoritate, praesentium vi perpetuumque in modum, enunciatam ecclesiam parochialem sancti Ioannis de Deo, civitatis Macaraibo, 6 Acta Apostolicae Sedis - Commentarium Officiale dioecesis Zuliensis, Basilicae Minoris titulo ac dignitate exornamus, cum omnibus et singulis privilegiis atque honorificentiis quae Minoribus almae huius Urbis Basilicis de iure competunt.
    [Show full text]
  • Documenta Magisterii Ecclesiastici
    DOCUMENTA MAGISTERII ECCLESIASTICI SUMMUS PONTIFEX LITTERAE AD EM.MUM CARD. A PUBLICIS ECCL. NEGOTIIS. Summus Pontifex per litteras ad Em.mum Card, a Publicis Ecclesiae Negotiis datas sub die 15 aprilis anni 1942, fideles omnes, pueros praesertim, hortatur ad publicas ferventesque fundendas preces B. M. Virginis interces­ sioni piissime committendas ut iustitiae ordo restituatur ac pax, tum in pri­ vata cuiusque vita, tum in civili societate redintegretur. Per Mariam enim, ait Pontifex, omnia sperare licet. Sicut Christus rex est universorum et domi- nus dominantium ita et Maria est « Regina mundi » potenti virtute depre- catrice apud Deum ditata. Ipsius supplicanti misericordiae primum signum Christi debetur, ipsam Christus ut matrem in fine vitae reliquit ac semper decursu saeculorum inter vitae discrimina patriasque vicissitudines fideles a- nimo invocarunt fidenti. Nunc quoque ergo instemus potentissimae eius tu- telae nos nostraque omnia fiducialite'r commendemus. « Sicut omnia, instat Pontifex, aeterno Dei nutui oboediunt.atque obtemperant, ita quodammodo asseverari potest Deiparae Virginis precibus Unigenae sui benignitatem sem­ per respondere annuntem; tunc praesertim, cum eadem B. Virgo fruitur sem­ piterna in coelis beatitate, ac'triumphali redimita corona angelorum est ho- minumque consalutata regina. Ac si tanta apud Deum potentia valet, non minore erga nos pietate pollet, cum nostrum omnium sit amantissima Ma- ter ». Maria ergo est universalis Mediatrix, materneque providet tum spiri­ tuali profectui tum glorificationi fidelium qui ipsi speciali amore addicuntur. SERMO AD SODALES CONSOCIAT. FILIARUM MARIAE. Die 27 octobris Summus Pontifex in solemni audientia sodalibus Piae Consociationis Filiarum Mariae concessa, Deiparae Virginis excellentissimas virtutes, fortitudinem praesertim et puritatem, vivide illustravit. Tota vita Matris Dei, diversissimis in vicissitudinibus ab angelico nuntio ad immola- tionem sub ara Crucis exemplum admirabile constituit vigilantiae, misericor­ diae, patientiae, ardentisque amoris.
    [Show full text]
  • Acta Apostolicae Sedis
    ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE ANNUS XXV '.- VOLUMEN XXV ROMAE TYPIS POLYGLOTTIS VATICANIS M • DÇCCC • XXXIII IH" Annus XXV - VoL XXV 30 ianuarii 1933 Num. 1 ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE INDETIO ANNI SANCTI EXTRA ORDINEM AC GENERALIS MAXIMIQUE IUBILAEI UNDEVICESIMO EXEUNTE SAECULO A PERACTA HUMANI GENERIS REDEMPTIONE PIUS EPISCOPUS SERVUS SERVORUM DEI UNIVERSIS CHRISTIFIDELIBUS PRAESENTES LITTERAS INSPECTURIS SALUTEM ET APOSTOLICAM BENEDICTIONEM Quod nuper, sub Iesu Christi nati sollemnia, non modo amplissimo Purpuratorum Patrum Conlegio iisque omnibus, qui faustorum ominum causa Nos convenerant, sed universo etiam catholico orbi nuntiavimus, id ad effectum deducere properamus, Annum Sanctum extra ordinem scilicet indicendo ac generale maximumque Iubilaeum, undevicesimo exeunte saeculo a peracta humani generis Redemptione. Etenim, si ad historiae fidem in quemnam annum id incidat non omnino exploratum est, eventum tamen, vel hic potius mi­ rabilium rerum gestarum ordo, tantae est gravitatis tantique momenti, ut silentio praetermitti non deceat. Hac igitur fausti- tate permoti, cogitationes convertant, parumper saltem, homines a terrenis fluxisque rebus, quibus in praesens tam acriter iactan- tur, ad caelestia perpetuoque mansura; et a trepidis afflictisque 6 Acta Apostolicae Sedis - Commentarium Officiale- horum temporem condicionibus ad spem animum erigant sem­ piternae illius beatitatis, ad quam nos Christus Dominus vocayit, suo profuso sanguine immensisque editis omne genus beneficiis. A cotidianae vitae
    [Show full text]
  • To the Immaculate Heart of Mary
    ACT OF CONSECRATION OF THE PARISHES OF THE DIOCESE OF LANSING TO THE IMMACULATE HEART OF MARY Sunday, August 13, 2017 Nineteenth Sunday in Ordinary Time “The mystery of the Redemption took shape beneath the heart of the Virgin of Nazareth when she pronounced her “yes.” From then on, under the special influence of the Holy Spirit, this heart, the heart of both a virgin and a mother, has always followed the work of her Son and has gone out to all those whom Christ has embraced and continues to embrace with inexhaustible love.” Pope Saint John Paul II, Encyclical Redemptor hominis, 22 Background Occasion. This year marks one hundred years since the apparitions of Our Lady to three shepherd children in Fatima, Portugal. In this centennial year, as a sign of our unity and as an expression of our love for God through our patroness, Mary Immaculate, Bishop Boyea asks that every parish in the Diocese of Lansing entrust themselves on Sunday, August 13th to the Blessed Virgin, asking her special protection and maternal care. The text for this act of entrustment has been prepared by the Office of Worship. Note on the Celebration. The prayer on the following page may be said by the celebrant following the Prayer after Communion. As circumstances suggest, the celebrant may wish to draw the attention of the faithful to an image of the Virgin Mary. A text is provided in both English and Spanish. You may wish to use or adapt any of the additional materials provided for your reference in the section entitled “Further Resources.” These are designed as an aid for bulletin articles or in other parish communications.
    [Show full text]
  • Papal Encyclicals
    Papal Encyclicals 1 Encyclical (Latin: Litterae Encyclicae)—According to its etymology, an encyclical (from the Greek enkuklios, kuklos meaning a circle) is nothing more than a circular letter. A “circular letter” is a letter sent to a closed group of people with the intention being widely circulated to inform about important matters Initially Presented August 18, 2018 2 Encyclical Overview Overview Magisterium Selection To Our Venerable Brethren the To the Venerable Brethren, To the Bishops, Priests, Religious, Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, Bishops, and other Ordinaries having Bishops and other Local Ordinaries the Faithful, and to all men of Grace and Communion with the enjoying Peace and Communion good will Apostolic See with the Apostolic See Pope Leo XIII 1891 Pope Pius XI 1930 Pope Paul VI 1967 Octobri Mense Casti Connubii Popularum Progressio On the Rosary On Christian Marriage On the Development of Peoples To the Bishops, Priests and Deacons, Consecrated Persons, and the Lay Faithful Encyclical 3 Pope Francis 2013 Lumen Fidei On the Light of Faith Salutations To the Bishops of the Catholic To the Bishops, Priests and Deacons, Men and Women Church religious, lay Faithful, and all People of Good Will Pope John Paul II 1998 Fides et Ratio Pope John Paul II 1995 Evangelium Vitae On Faith and Reason Of Human Life 4 Encyclicals issued 1740 to 2018 Number of Encyclicals Issued by Pope 90 81 80 70 60 50 41 40 38 30 30 16 20 14 13 12 9 8 10 6 7 4 3 3 2 1 1 2 0 1740 1758 1769 1775 1800 1823 1829 1831
    [Show full text]
  • THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY of AMERICA the Church As the Bride
    THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA The Church as the Bride of Christ in Magisterial Teaching from Leo XIII to John Paul II A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Theology and Religious Studies Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Andrew W. Lichtenwalner Washington, D.C. 2012 The Church as the Bride of Christ in Magisterial Teaching from Leo XIII to John Paul II Andrew W. Lichtenwalner, Ph.D. Director: Msgr. Paul McPartlan, S.T.L., D.Phil. The image of the Church as the Bride of Christ is a long-standing and preeminent ecclesial image that continues to offer insights and provoke questions for ecclesiology. Interest in ecclesial bridal imagery reemerged with particular intensity in the Catholic Church in the first half of the twentieth century through the ressourcement. While the magisterium of Pope John Paul II is particularly well-known for its use of spousal imagery, there was a significant trajectory of teaching on the Church as the Bride of Christ in preceding papal and conciliar teaching. This dissertation investigates (1) the use of ecclesial bridal imagery in twentieth-century papal and conciliar teaching from Leo XIII to John Paul II, and (2) the significance and implications of such usage for ecclesiology. The study first surveys the historical use of ecclesial bridal imagery, illustrating the image‘s traditional application in various areas of theology. It then discusses the notion of metaphor in preparation for the subsequent analysis of the nature and use of ecclesial bridal imagery.
    [Show full text]
  • AAS-38-1946-Ocr.Pdf
    ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE ANNUS XXXVIII - SERIES II - VOL. XIII TYPIS POLYGLOTTIS VATICANIS M • DCCCC • Xl/VI An. et yol. XXXVIII 23 Ianuarii 19*6 (Ser. II, v.xm)-Numi ACTA APOSTOLICAE SEDIS COMMENTARIUM OFFICIALE ACTA PII PP. XII EPISTULA ENCYCLICA AD VENERABILES FRATRES PATRIARCHAS, PRIMATE S¿ ARCHIEPISCOPOS, EPISCOPOS, ALIOSQUE LOCORUM ORDINARIOS PACEM ET COMMUNIO­ NEM CUM APOSTOLICA SEDE HABENTES: DE INDIGENTIUM, PUERO­ RUM CURA ALACRIUS HODIE SUSCIPIENDA. PIUS PP. XII Venerabiles Fratres, salutem et Apostolicam Benedictionem. — Quemadmodum, cum internecivum saeviebat bellum, quid­ quid suadendo obtestandoque potuimus non praetermisimus, ut diuturna nimis conflagratio quam primum restingueretür, omniaque iure, aequitate rectoque ordine componerentur, ita in praesens, positis armis, sed nondum restituta pace, pro apo­ stolico quo fungimur munere, nihil intentatum relinquimus> ut tot doloribus opportuna lenimenta praebeamus, ac miseria- rum cumulum, quo non paucae gentes opprimuntur, quovis modo detur, allevemus. At in tantis paeneque innumeris acer- bitatibus, quas dira dimicatio peperit, nulla magis paternum laedit ac vulnerat animum Nostrum, quam ea, quae insontiunl puerorum multitudinem afficit, qui quidem ad decies centena milia, ut affertur, necessariis ad vitam rebus destituti, multis in nationibus frigore, fame morbisque tabescunt; ac saepenu­ mero ab omnibus derelicti non modo pane, vestibus, tectoque 6 Acta Apostolicae Sedis — Commentarium Officiale carent, sed illo etiam amore, quo tenera aetatula tantopere indiget. Iam Nos, ut nostis, Venerabiles Fratres, quidquid hac etiam in re potuimus, facere non praetermisimus ; ac gratissimum iis testamur animum Nostrum, quorum ex largitate Nobis datum est infantiae ac pueritiae egestati pro viribus mederi. Neque ignoramus haud paucos, sive singillatim, sive in coetus socie­ tatesque coalescentes, opportunum eiusmodi suscepisse propo­ situm et ad rem deducere omni nisu contendere.
    [Show full text]