Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-49690-2 — India's Revolutionary Inheritance Chris Moffat Index More Information
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Nationalism in India Lesson
DC-1 SEM-2 Paper: Nationalism in India Lesson: Beginning of constitutionalism in India Lesson Developer: Anushka Singh Research scholar, Political Science, University of Delhi 1 Institute of Lifelog learning, University of Delhi Content: Introducing the chapter What is the idea of constitutionalism A brief history of the idea in the West and its introduction in the colony The early nationalists and Indian Councils Act of 1861 and 1892 More promises and fewer deliveries: Government of India Acts, 1909 and 1919 Post 1919 developments and India’s first attempt at constitution writing Government of India Act 1935 and the building blocks to a future constitution The road leading to the transfer of power The theory of constitutionalism at work Conclusion 2 Institute of Lifelog learning, University of Delhi Introduction: The idea of constitutionalism is part of the basic idea of liberalism based on the notion of individual’s right to liberty. Along with other liberal notions,constitutionalism also travelled to India through British colonialism. However, on the one hand, the ideology of liberalism guaranteed the liberal rightsbut one the other hand it denied the same basic right to the colony. The justification to why an advanced liberal nation like England must colonize the ‘not yet’ liberal nation like India was also found within the ideology of liberalism itself. The rationale was that British colonialism in India was like a ‘civilization mission’ to train the colony how to tread the path of liberty.1 However, soon the English educated Indian intellectual class realised the gap between the claim that British Rule made and the oppressive and exploitative reality of colonialism.Consequently,there started the movement towards autonomy and self-governance by Indians. -
Global Feminisms: Interview Transcripts: India Language: English
INDIA Global Feminisms: Comparative Case Studies of Women’s Activism and Scholarship Interview Transcripts: India Language: English Interview Transcripts: India Contents Acknowledgments 3 Shahjehan Aapa 4 Flavia Agnes 23 Neera Desai 48 Ima Thokchom Ramani Devi 67 Mahasweta Devi 83 Jarjum Ete 108 Lata Pratibha Madhukar 133 Mangai 158 Vina Mazumdar 184 D. Sharifa 204 2 Acknowledgments Global Feminisms: Comparative Case Studies of Women’s Activism and Scholarship was housed at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender at the University of Michigan (UM) in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The project was co-directed by Abigail Stewart, Jayati Lal and Kristin McGuire. The China site was housed at the China Women’s University in Beijing, China and directed by Wang Jinling and Zhang Jian, in collaboration with UM faculty member Wang Zheng. The India site was housed at the Sound and Picture Archives for Research on Women (SPARROW) in Mumbai, India and directed by C.S. Lakshmi, in collaboration with UM faculty members Jayati Lal and Abigail Stewart. The Poland site was housed at Fundacja Kobiet eFKa (Women’s Foundation eFKa) in Krakow, Poland and directed by Slawka Walczewska, in collaboration with UM faculty member Magdalena Zaborowska. The U.S. site was housed at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan and directed by UM faculty member Elizabeth Cole. Graduate student interns on the project included Nicola Curtin, Kim Dorazio, Jana Haritatos, Helen Ho, Julianna Lee, Sumiao Li, Zakiya Luna, Leslie Marsh, Sridevi Nair, Justyna Pas, Rosa Peralta, Desdamona Rios and Ying Zhang. -
Chandra Shekahr Azad
Chandra Shekahr Azad drishtiias.com/printpdf/chandra-shekahr-azad Why in News On 23rd July, India paid tribute to the freedom fighter Chandra Shekahr Azad on his birth anniversary. Key Points Birth: Azad was born on 23rd July 1906 in the Alirajpur district of Madhya Pradesh. Early Life: Chandra Shekhar, then a 15-year-old student, joined a Non-Cooperation Movement in December 1921. As a result, he was arrested. On being presented before a magistrate, he gave his name as "Azad" (The Free), his father's name as "Swatantrata" (Independence) and his residence as "Jail". Therefore, he came to be known as Chandra Shekhar Azad. 1/2 Contribution to Freedom Movement: Hindustan Republican Association: After the suspension of the non- cooperation movement in 1922 by Gandhi, Azad joined Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). HRA was a revolutionary organization of India established in 1924 in East Bengal by Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Narendra Mohan Sen and Pratul Ganguly as an offshoot of Anushilan Samiti. Members: Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Sukhdev, Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh, Ashfaqulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri. Kakori Conspiracy: Most of the fund collection for revolutionary activities was done through robberies of government property. In line with the same, Kakori Train Robbery near Kakori, Lucknow was done in 1925 by HRA. The plan was executed by Chandrashekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, and Manmathnath Gupta. Hindustan Socialist Republican Association: HRA was later reorganised as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA). It was established in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla in New Delhi by Chandrasekhar Azad, Ashfaqulla Khan, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee. -
Shaheed Diwas
Shaheed Diwas drishtiias.com/printpdf/shaheed-diwas Why in News Prime Minister of India paid tributes to Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, Rajguru on Shaheed Diwas (23rd March). The Day is also known as Martyrs’ Day or Sarvodaya Day. This Day should not be confused with the Martyrs’ Day observed on 30th January, the day Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated. Key Points About: Every year on 23rd March, Shaheed Diwas is observed. It was on this day that Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were executed by the British government in 1931. They were hanged to death for assassinating John Saunders, a British police officer in 1928. They had mistook him for British police superintendent James Scott. It was Scott who had ordered lathi charge, which eventually led to the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. While Singh, who had publicly announced avenging Rai’s death, went into hiding for many months after this shootout, he resurfaced along with an associate Batukeshwar Dutt, and the two, in April 1929, set off two explosive devices inside the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi. Allowed themselves to be arrested, while shouting the famous slogan: “Inquilab Zindabad“, or “Long live the revolution”. Their lives inspired countless youth and in their death, they set an example. They carved out their own path for independence, where individual heroism and their aggressive need to do something for the nation stood out, departing from the path followed by the Congress leaders then. 1/3 Bhagat Singh: Born as Bhaganwala on the 26th September, 1907, Bhagat Singh grew up in a petty-bourgeois family of Sandhu Jats settled in the Jullundur Doab district of the Punjab. -
BA III, Paper VI, Anuradha Jaiswal Phase 1 1) Anusilan S
Revolutionaries In India (Indian National Movement) (Important Points) B.A III, Paper VI, Anuradha Jaiswal Phase 1 1) Anusilan Samiti • It was the first revolutionary organisation of Bengal. • Second Branch at Baroda. • Their leader was Rabindra Kumar Ghosh • Another important leader was P.Mitra who was the actual leader of the group. • In 1908, the samiti published a book called Bhawani Mandir. • In 1909 they published Vartaman Ranniti. • They also published a book called Mukti Kon Pathe (which way lie salvation) • Barindra Ghosh tried to explore a bomb in Maniktala in Calcutta. • Members – a) Gurudas Banerjee. b) B.C.Pal • Both of them believed in the cult of Durga. • Aurobindo Ghosh started Anushilan Samiti in Baroda. • He sent Jatindra Nath Banerjee to Calcutta and his association merged with Anusilan Samiti in Calcutta. 2) Prafull Chaki and Khudi Ram Bose • They tried to kill Kings Ford, Chief Presidency Magistrate, who was a judge at Muzaffarpur in Bihar but Mrs Kennedy and her daughter were killed instead in the blast. • Prafulla Chaki was arrested but he shot himself dead and Khudiram was hanged. This bomb blast occurred on 30TH April 1908. 3) Aurobindo Ghosh and Barindra Ghosh • They were arrested on May 2, 1908. • Barindra was sentenced for life imprisonment (Kalapani) and Aurobindo Ghosh was acquitted. • This conspiracy was called Alipore conspiracy. • The conspiracy was leaked by the authorities by Narendra Gosain who was killed by Kanhiya Lal Dutta and Satyen Bose within the jail compound. 4. Lala Hardayal, Ajit Singhand &Sufi Amba Prasad formed a group at Saharanpur in 1904. 5. -
Separating the Wheat from the Chaff Meerut and the Creation of “Official” Communism in India
Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East Separating the Wheat from the Chaff Meerut and the Creation of “Official” Communism in India Ali Raza ew events have been as significant for the leftist movement in colonial India as the Meerut Conspir- acy Case. At the time, the case captured the imagination of virtually all political sections in British India as well as left- leaning organizations around the globe. It also defined the way in which the FLeft viewed itself and conducted its politics. Since then, the case has continued to attract the attention of historians working on the Indian Left. Indeed, it is difficult to come across any work on the Left that does not accord a prominent place to Meerut. Despite this, the case has been viewed mostly in terms that tend to diminish its larger significance. For one, within the rather substantial body of literature devoted to the Indian Left, there have been very few works that examine the case with any degree of depth. Most of those have been authored by the Left itself or by political activists who were defendants in the case. Whether authored by the Left or by academ- ics, the literature generally contends that the Raj failed in its objective to administer a fatal blow to “com- munism” in India. Instead, it’s commonly thought that the trial actually provided a fillip to communist politics in India.1 Not only did the courtroom provide an unprecedented opportunity to the accused to openly articulate their political beliefs, but it also generated public sympathy for communism. -
History 2021
History (2-minute series) January 2021 - April 2021 Visit our website www.sleepyclasses.com or our YouTube channel for entire GS Course FREE of cost Also Available: Prelims Crash Course || Prelims Test Series T.me/SleepyClasses Table of Contents 1. Nagpur Session (1920) of the Indian National Congress ...................................1 2. 5 Important Things about Lord Curzon 1 3. The Red Fort ............................................2 4. Kalighat paintings ..................................5 5. Kangra School of Painting ....................6 6. The Rajasthani Schools of Painting ...7 7. Rogan School of Art ...............................9 8. Lala Lajpat Rai ........................................10 9. Shaheed Bhagat Singh ..........................12 10.Pathrughat Peasant Uprising ..............15 11.Gyanvapi Mosque ..................................16 12.Dr. B.R. AMBEDKAR ..............................17 13.Rabindranath Tagore ............................20 Note: The YouTube links for all the topics are embedded in the name of the Topic itself www.sleepyclasses.com Call 6280133177 T.me/SleepyClasses 1. Nagpur Session (1920) of the Indian National Congress December 1920 At the Nagpur session of the Indian National Congress • The programme of non-cooperation was endorsed. • An important change was made in the Congress creed: now, instead of having the attainment of self- government through constitutional means as its goal, the Congress decided to have the attainment of Swaraj through peaceful and legitimate means, thus committing itself to an extraconstitutional mass struggle. • Some important organizational changes were made: ✓ a Congress Working Committee (CWC) of 15 members was set up to lead the Congress from now onwards; ✓ Provincial Congress Committees on linguistic basis were organized; ✓ Ward Committees was organized; and entry fee was reduced to four annas. • Gandhiji declared that if the non-cooperation programme was implemented completely, swaraj would be ushered in within a year. -
Anticolonialism, Nationalism, and State Formation: the Rise of Pakistan
ANTICOLONIALISM, NATIONALISM, AND STATE FORMATION: THE RISE OF PAKISTAN KASIM ALI TIRMIZEY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES YORK UNIVERSITY TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA September 2018 © Kasim Ali Tirmizey, 2018 Abstract There is ongoing popular and scholarly debate about the rise of Pakistan as a nation-state. Much of this literature frames the emergence either in cultural terms as a territorial expression of transhistorical Muslim nationhood, or in a liberal framing as the outcome of the political mobilization of the Muslim community against Hindu domination. This dissertation makes a corrective by examining the constitutive role of radical anticolonialism in the rise of Pakistan, with a focus on the province of Punjab in British India from 1880 to 1947. I argue that the formation of the Pakistani nation-state entailed the condensation of multiple political struggles over rescaling empire. Muslim nationalism reified struggles over land, food, women’s bodies, and access to the colonial state as ethnic struggles between Muslims and Hindus, thus codifying class, caste and religion in essentialist terms. Despite popular energies of agrarian classes against Hindu Bania (moneylender caste) were redirected into radical anticolonialism by the Ghadar Party in the 1910s, the demand for Pakistan subsequently shifted the scale of anti-Bania antagonisms among agrarian classes onto claims for a Muslim national space. The materialization of a Muslim national space (Pakistan) and Hindu national space (India) cannot be understood in the absence of the repression of radical anticolonial movements such as the Ghadar Party, the Kirti Kisan Party, and communist organizing. -
The Formation of Kirti and the Kirti-Kisan Party and the Lasting Legacy of the Ghadar Movement, 1918-1928
249 Amrit Deol: Kirti Kisan Party Workers and Peasants Unite: The Formation of Kirti and the Kirti-Kisan Party and the Lasting Legacy of the Ghadar Movement, 1918-1928 Amrit Deol University of California, Merced _______________________________________________________________ Following the Hindu-German Conspiracy Trial of 1917, many Ghadar members from the United States and Canada relocated to the political landscape of Punjab and influenced the rise of the Punjabi left in the 1920s. This article examines how the Ghadar movement inspired the creation of the leftist journal Kirti under the editoriship of Santokh Singh in 1926, making it one of the first political journals to advocate for both freedom from the British Raj and peasant and workers’ rights in Punjab. The publication of the journal was followed by the establishment of the Kirti-Kisan Party by Sohan Singh Josh in 1928, a political organization that rallied for the rights of workers and peasants through a Marxist framework. This article demonstrates how both political entities took ideological, practical, and financial influences from the Ghadar movement. _______________________________________________________________ “To fulfill a particular task one should rely upon one’s own efforts.”1 (Santokh Singh, Kirti, 1926) “Proletarians of the world, unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains!”2 (Sohan Singh Josh, Kirti, 1928) Introduction In 1926, Rashpal Singh from Desh Sewak-Jalandhar welcomed Kirti to the world - a new leftist newsletter published in Amritsar, Punjab, which tackled peasant and labor issues within Punjab and abroad. In honor of its first publication, Singh wrote: It is with honor that I congratulate the creators of Kirti. -
Mock Paper#1 UPPSC Mains Test Series 2020 Model Answers
Mock Paper#1_UPPSC Mains Test Series 2020_Model Answers https://targetpcslucknow.com/ Whatsapp/Call@7390023092 Model Answers could go beyond specified limits. It is done intentionally to provide you those extra points. You may not be able to recall all the points during actual exam, thus extra points will act as cushion and you will end up recalling appropriate amount of content. Mock Paper#1_UPPSC Mains Test Series 2020_Model Answers Question#1: Explain Harappan Civilization Art forms in terms of: Seals Sculpture Terracotta Model Answer: Harappan civilization emerged during second half of the third millennium BCE and was a Bronze Age Civilization. It flourished in the basins of the Indus River, The two major sites of the Indus valley civilization are along the Indus River. The cities of Harappa in the north and Mohenjo-Daro in the south showcase one of the earliest examples of civil planning. At its peak, the Indus Civilization may have had a population of over five million. Seals: The standard Harappan seal was a square plaque 2×2 square inches, usually made from the soft river stone, steatite. Every seal is engraved in pictographic script along with animal impressions which are yet to be deciphered. Some of seals have also been found in gold and Ivory. On an average 5 signs or symbols are present on a seal. Direction of writing is right to left. They all bear a great variety of motifs, most often of animals including those of the bull, the elephant, tiger, goat and also monsters. Sometimes trees or human figures were also depicted. -
Indian History Questions
Indian History Questions 1. Who was elected as the permanent President of the Muslim League in 1908 ? (A) Nawab Salimullah (B) Syed Ahmad Khan (C) Aga Khan (D) Syed Amir Ali Ans : (C) 2. According to Sarojini Naidu who was ‘‘the ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity’’ ? (A) Syed Ahmad Khan (B) Hasrat Mohani (C) Maulana Azad (D) Mohammad Ali Jinnah Ans : (C) 3. Which of the following statements are not true of the Home Rule Movement ? I. The demand was for selfgovernment and not complete independence. II. The movement included promoting political education to build a base for selfgovernment III. It did not achieve much impact or popularity. IV. The movement was the part of the Congress activity. (A) I and II (B) II and III (C) III and IV (D) IV and I Ans : (C) 4. The two Home Leagues were founded in 1916. Their founders were— I. Annie Besant II. B. G. Tilak III. Motilal Nehru IV. Sardar Patel (A) I and II (B) II and III (C) III and IV (D) IV and I Ans : (A) 5. The partition of Bengal made in 1905— (A) Was annulled as a result of the Morley-Minto Reforms in 1919 (B) Was withdrawn in 1908 because of the immense protests it evoked (C) Was annulled by the king’s proclamation at the Delhi Durbar in 1911 (D) Continued till India got independence Ans : (C) 6. The basic defect of the Lucknow Pact was— (A) It was an agreement purely based on the bond of common hatred of the foreign rule (B) It was based on the wrong notion that Hindus and Muslims formed separate communities (C) It was a marriage of convenience without a pontiff (D) It was a pact between powerless potentates Ans : (B) 7. -
Major Civilizations of the World Include S Indhu S Araswati, Vedic, Egyptian, Babylonian, Chinese, Roman and Greek Civilizations
1 Chapter - 1 M ajor Civilizations of the Wor l d 1.0 Aim 1.1 Preface 1.2 Origin of Man and Development . 1.2.1 Questions for Exercise 1.3. Sindhu Saraswati Civilization 1.3.1 Saraswati River 1.3.2 Indus Architecture 1. Town Planning 2. Great Bath and Great Grannary 3. Great Reservoir and Stadium 4. Great Dockyard. 1.3.3 Other Arts of Indus. Saraswati Civilization 1.3.4 Indus Script 1.3.5 Science 1.3.6 Economic Life. 1.3.7 Social Life 1.3.8 Religious life 1.3.9 Political Life 1.3.10 Cremation of the Dead 1.3.11 Questions for Exercise 1.4. Vedic Civilization 1. 4 .1 Language and Literary Richness 1.4.2 Political System 1.4.3 Social Life 1.4.4 Economic Life 1.4.5 Religious Life 1.4.6 Knowledge and Science 1.4.7 Questions for Exercise. 1.5. Ancient Civilization of Egypt 1.5.1 Political System 1.5.2 Social Condition 1.5.3 Economic Condition 1.5.4 Religious Life 1.5.5 Art 1.5.6 Knowledge and Science 1.5.7 Questions for Exercise 1.6 Ancient Babylonian Civilization 1.6.1 Political System - (1) Administration (2) Law (3) Judicial System 1.6.2 Social condition 1.6.3 Religious Life 1.6.4 Economic Condition 1.6.5 Art 1.6.6 Knowledge and Science 1.6.7 Questions for Exercise 1.7. Chinese Civilization 1.7.1 Royal Dynasties of China 1.7.2 Administrative System 1.7.3 Social Life.