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Five New Species from the Subfamily Entiminae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Dominican Amber

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Five New Species from the Subfamily Entiminae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Dominican Amber Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Five new species from the subfamily Entiminae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Dominican amber George Poinar, Jr. and Andrei A. Legalov ABSTRACT Five new species of Entiminae weevils are described from Dominican amber: Dia- prepes squamula sp. nov., resembling D. famelicus (Olivier, 1790) from the West Indies; Lachnopus serraticrus sp. nov., resembling L. acuticollis (Gyllenhal, 1834) from Cuba and L. proteus (Olivier, 1807) from Hispaniola in the tribe Eustylini; Apodrosus tinctocorpus sp. nov., resembling A. andersoni Girón and Franz, 2010 and A. quisquey- anus Girón and Franz, 2010 from Hispaniola; Apodrosus canalinasus sp. nov., resem- bling A. viridium Girón and Franz, 2010 from Hispaniola in the tribe Polydrusini; and Promecops divarichela sp. nov., resembling P. unif ormis Champion, 1911 from Guate- mala and P. a l t e rn an s Champion, 1911 from Central America in the tribe Eudiagogini. These are the first descriptions of representatives of the genera Apodrosus, Dia- prepes, and Lachnopus in Dominican amber. George Poinar, Jr. Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA. [email protected] Andrei A. Legalov. Laboratory of Phylogeny and Faunogenesis, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze street, 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia. [email protected] Keywords: Curculionoidea; Apodrosus, Promecops, Diaprepes, Lachnopus; new species; Tertiary weevils Submission: 10 July 2016 Acceptance: 1 May 2017 INTRODUCTION In this group, there was an expansion of trophic relationships that resulted in the larvae developing Curculionidae is one of the most speciose and on plant roots in the soil near the roots and the loss widespread beetle families. Weevils play important of a number of specific features in the imago. The roles in various ecosystems. The oldest weevils earliest fossil Entiminae was described from Lower are known from the Aptian of Mongolia (Legalov, Eocene Fushun amber (Hong, 2002). During the 2014), but they become more diverse during the Eocene, this group developed in both sedimentary Upper Cretaceous (Legalov, 2012). The subfamily deposits and amber (Yunakov and Kirejtshuk, Entiminae is one of the largest among the weevils. http://zoobank.org/826DC223-3C83-4FF5-9C8E-CE567C59CA51 Poinar, George Jr. and Legalov, Andrei A. 2017. Five new species from the subfamily Entiminae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Dominican amber. Palaeontologia Electronica 20.2.21A: 1-13 palaeo-electronica.org/content/2017/1799-new-entiminae-in-amber Copyright: May 2017 Palaeontological Association POINAR & LEGALOV: NEW ENTIMINAE IN AMBER 2011; Legalov, 2015). Only two species from the 1.1x as wide as wide in middle and at base, tribes Eudiagogini and Naupactini have been densely punctate; lateral margins of rostrum weak described previously from Dominican amber widened to eyes; epistoma indistinct; forehead (Poinar and Brown, 2011; Poinar et al., 2013). The quite narrow, narrower than rostrum base width, present study describes an additional five species flattened; eyes large, convex, rounded; temples in the tribes Eustylini, Polydrusini, and Eudiagogini, quite short, 0.7x as long as eye; antennal scrobes thus expanding our knowledge of the Neotropical reaching lower margin of eye; pterygia dorso-lat- fauna of this subfamily. eral; geniculate antennae long, inserted in apical third of rostrum, reaching base of elytra; antenno- MATERIAL AND METHODS meres almost conical; 1st antennomere (scape) 7.3x longer than wide, reaching base of eye; 2nd– The specimens were obtained from mines in 4th antennomeres subequal in width; 2nd antenno- the Cordillera Septentrional of the Dominican mere 3.7x longer than wide, 0.5x as long as 1st Republic. Dating of Dominican amber is still contro- antennomere; 3rd antennomere 4.0x longer than versial, with the latest purposed age of 20–15 mya wide, 1.1x as long as 2nd antennomere; 4th anten- based on foraminifera (Iturralde-Vinent and nomere 2.3x longer than wide, 0.6x as long as 3rd MacPhee, 1996) and the earliest as 45–30 mya antennomere; 5th antennomere 2.4x longer than based on coccoliths (Schlee, 1990). In addition, wide, 0.9x as long and 0.8x as narrow as 4th Dominican amber is secondarily deposited in sedi- antennomere; 6th antennomere 2.0x longer than mentary rocks, which makes a definite age deter- wide, 0.8x as long as and equal in width to 5th mination difficult (Poinar and Mastalerz, 2000). A antennomere; 7th antennomere 2.0x longer than range of ages for Dominican amber is possible as wide, 1.2x as long as and 1.2x as wide as 6th the amber is associated with turbiditic sandstones antennomere; 8th antennomere 2.3x longer than of the Upper Eocene to Lower Miocene Mamey wide, 1.2x as long as and subequal in width to 7th Group (Draper et al., 1994). Dominican amber was antennomere; club compact, 3.0x longer than wide, produced by the leguminous tree, Hymenaea 0.3x as long as flagellum, with fused articles. protera Poinar, 1991 and a reconstruction of the Pronotum bell-shaped, 1.1x longer than wide Dominican amber forest based on amber fossils at apex, 0.8x longer than wide in middle, 0.9x lon- indicated that the environment was similar to that ger than wide at base; densely punctate, weakly of a present-day tropical moist forest (Poinar and flattened, 0.7x as narrow as elytral base; sides Poinar, 1999). Observations and photographs were weakly curved; scutellum trapezoidal. made with a Nikon SMZ-10 stereoscopic micro- Elytra elongate and convex, 4.5x as long as scope (Tokyo, Japan) and Zeiss Stemi 2000-C bin- pronotum, 2.7x longer than wide at base, 2.2x as ocular microscope (Jena, Germany). Helicon long as wide in middle, 4.9x longer than wide at Focus Pro X64 (New York, USA) was used to stack apical fourth; humeri weakly convex; punctate photos for better clarity and depth of field. striae distinct, with small points; intervals weakly convex, 3.3–4.0x as wide as diameter of points; SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY apical part of elytra not convex laterally. Prosternum weakly convex, densely rugose- Tribe EUSTYLINI Lacordaire, 1863 punctate, with vibrissae but without postorbital Genus DIAPREPES Schoenherr, 1823 lobe; precoxal portion of prosternum 0.3x as long Diaprepes squamula sp. nov. as procoxal cavities and 0.5x as long as postcoxal Figures 1, 2 portion; postcoxal portion of prosternum 2.0x as zoobank.org/198C4775-FB64-4047-821F-1F44799C7062 long as precoxal portion and 0.5x as long as pro- Holotype. Deposited in the American Museum of coxal cavities; procoxal cavities connected; Natural History (New York, USA) (AMNH no. DR- metasternum convex, punctate; metepisternum 10-992). narrow, 10.0x as long as wide in middle. Description. The specimen is complete. Body Abdomen convex, densely punctate; 1st, 2nd, length (without rostrum), 9.0 mm; rostrum length, and 5th ventrites elongate; 1st ventrite 1.1x as long 0.6 mm. Body black, with dense light, rounded, and as metacoxal cavities length; 2nd ventrite subequal appressed scales. to 1st ventrite; 3rd and 4th ventrites short, sub- Head 1.2x as long as rostrum, not constricted equal in length; 3rd ventrite 0.6x as long as 2nd behind eye; rostrum almost straight, short, 0.5x as ventrite; 5th ventrite 2.6x as long as 4th ventrite. long as pronotum, 0.9x as narrow as wide at apex, 2 PALAEO-ELECTRONICA.ORG FIGURE 1. Ventral view of Diaprepes squamula n. sp. in FIGURE 2. Drawing of Diaprepes squamula n. sp. in Dominican amber. Bar = 1.0 mm. ventral view. Scale bar equals 1.1 mm. Procoxae located near middle of prosternum, somere; 5th tarsomere 3.8x longer than wide, 2.1x closer to anterior margin; mesocoxae rounded, as long as and 0.3x as narrow as 3rd tarsomere. narrowly separated; femora thickened, punctate, Type locality. Amber mine in the northern portion without teeth; profemora 4.3x longer than wide in of the Dominican Republic. middle; mesofemora 4.7x longer than wide in mid- Etymology. The species epithet is taken from the dle; metafemora 4.8x longer than wide in middle; Latin “squamosus” = scaly in reference to the tibiae weakly curved, punctate, not serrated on dense scales covering the body. inner margin, with mucro; protibia 11.3x longer Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Dia- than wide in middle, with long mucro; mesotibia prepes famelicus (Olivier, 1790) from the West 11.7x longer than wide in middle; meso- and metat- Indies but differs by the tibiae lacking serrations on ibiae with small mucro; metatibial corbel enclosed, the inner margin, smaller body size, body with without scales; metatibiae reaching 5th ventrite; dense scales, a greater convex eye, and wider ely- tarsi elongate; 1st and 2nd tarsomeres conical; 3rd tral intervals. tarsomere bilobed; 5th tarsomere elongate; claws Remarks. This specimen belongs to the tribe free; protarsi: 1st tarsomere 1.4x longer than wide; Eustylini because the elytra have humeri (Franz, 2nd tarsomere 1.5x longer than wide, 1.2x as long 2012), the metabibial corbel are enclosed, the as and 1.1x as wide as 1st tarsomere; 3rd tar- claws are free, and the pterygia are dorso-lateral. somere 0.4x longer than wide, 0.5x as long as and The front margin of the prosternum with vibrissae is 1.8x as wide as 2nd tarsomere; 5th tarsomere 5.0x a diagnostic character of the genus Diaprepes. longer than wide, 2.5x as long as and 0.2x as nar- Genus LACHNOPUS Schoenherr, 1840 row as 3rd tarsomere; metatarsi: 1st tarsomere Lachnopus serraticrus sp. nov. 2.0x longer than wide; 2nd tarsomere subequal to Figures 3-6 1st tarsomere; 3rd tarsomere 0.5x longer than zoobank.org/B5C091E2-90E7-48E5-A2D9-D377A3C6969D wide, 0.7x as long as and 2.8x as wide as 2nd tar- 3 POINAR & LEGALOV: NEW ENTIMINAE IN AMBER Holotype.
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