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The Newsletter of the Friends of the Egypt Centre, Swansea Price 50p INSCRIPTIONS The Newsletter of the Friends of the Egypt Centre, Swansea Issue 32 Annual General Meeting August 2011 Don’t forget this year’s AGM will take place on In this issue: Wednesday 28 September 2011 at 6.30 pm Annual General Meeting 1 to be followed at 7.00 pm by Payment of Subscription by the first talk of the new academic year: Standing Order 1 by Sheila Nowell The Rekhyt-people and the things they do: A Crocodile in One Hand and a Popular worship in ancient Egypt Mummy in the Other 2 a report on Bev Rogers' lecture Ken Griffin (Swansea University) by L. S. J. Howells One of the longest surviving symbols from ancient Editorial 3 Egypt, with a history of over 3,000 years, the Review of The Shabti Collections 1 lapwing bird was used to identify a section of the by Glenn Janes 3 Egyptian populace (rekhyt-people). As by L. S. J. Howells ‘commoners’ they would have been restricted from Crossword 3 entering the inner parts of the Egyptian temples. by Daphne MacDonagh However, using both textual and pictorial A Journey of the Rekhyt to Middle representations, this lecture will examine the Egypt (Part One) 4 areas which were accessible, at which times, and by L. S. J. Howells the activities they participated in. Sacred and Profane: The Myers Collection in the Barber Institute of Don’t miss what promises to be Fine Arts 7 a fascinating lecture! by Dr Mike Williams Fulton House Room 2 Forthcoming Events 8 Payment of Subscription by Standing Order We have had requests from members of the Friends to be able to pay their annual subscriptions by standing order. You will find a standing order mandate form enclosed with this copy of Inscriptions. If you wish to pay by standing order, please fill it in and send to your bank. Your reference will be your Friends membership number, if this is not already on your form, please write it in; we need this so that we can identify your payment. Also remember to include date of renewal if this is not already on the form. Please allow processing time between the payment and receiving your new membership card. by Sheila Nowell Hon. Treasurer © The Egypt Centre, Swansea 2011 — 1 — www.swan.ac.uk/egypt/friends A Crocodile in One Hand and a Mummy in the Other Notes on a lecture delivered on 15th June 2011 by Bev Rogers This lecture given by Bev Rogers, a PhD candidate at was a fashion for the event, which resulted in a Swansea University, concentrated upon the phenomena of catastrophic loss of important information, as those collecting Egyptian antiquities during the Victorian era. carrying out these actions were concerned with artefacts Bev began her talk by offering up background information hidden within the mummy wrappings and not the on the influx of tourists into Egypt, beginning during embalming process itself. Indeed, Giovanni Battisti Roman times. The lecture then covered the trading of Belzoni staged the unwrapping of mummies in order to mummies and the mistaken belief that bitumen had promote his exhibitions. In 1833 Pettigrew conducted an healing properties as it was thought unwrapping of a mummy in his hospital mummies were covered in this, which was attended by a prince, lords, rather than just skin darkened by Egyptologists, travellers etc, which was the embalming process. Indeed, indicative of the typical audience at this ground mummy was available for time. th purchase well into the early 20 It was at this juncture in the lecture th century and from the 12 Century that scraps of mummy bandage were Mummy Brown paint was available. passed round in an inspired piece of Bev explained that Napoleon’s audience participation. Bev informed the mission to catalogue Egypt’s audience not to panic, as they weren’t antiquities in the late Eighteenth and real, rather they were facsimile pieces early Nineteenth Centuries acted as created to illustrate how they felt, a catalyst for the Victorian interest looked and smelled (if you’re wondering, in Egypt, as this expedition led to rich in spices with an overtone of the publication of the Description cinnamon). l’Egypte. Bev showed evidence of the Bev spoke of the trend for mummy popularity in Victorian cemeteries to unwrapping parties wherein guests were use obelisks and other Egyptian invited to a sumptuous dinner which would then be symbols as grave markers and tombs. followed by the unwrapping of a mummy. Mummies Photography, newspapers and journals also came into without treasures were disappointing; once unwrapped being during this era and served to further popularise they were discarded or given to museums. Bev linked the Egypt. Following the introduction of the concept of the idea of the seeing of mummies as a commodity – th Grand Tour during the 18 Century wherein those who essentially entertainment – symbolic of adventure. could afford it would travel to far off lands by ship or Essentially the life expectancy of people during Victorian th steam train, the 19 Century saw the addition of Egypt times was short – death was everywhere “a familiar to the itinerary. With this increased opportunity to companion”. Their perception of death would therefore travel came the possibility of obtaining exotic and differ from our sanitised society where death is hidden. intriguing souvenirs such as mummies. Today the idea of removing the bandages from a mummy Bev cited the example of the travel agency Thomas Cook is obsolete as we can determine all the information we placing mummies where tourists could find them. They need from CT Scans. Bev briefly touched on the work of would then take these back to unwrap at their hotel! the scientist Gunter von Hagen and his techniques of After it became illegal in 1835 to export antiquities from plasticisation of human bodies which have toured the Egypt, souvenir hunters would break off the fingers, world to huge audiences and both protests and acclaim. toes, hands from mummies in order to smuggle them out The lecture ended with a fake advert for a mummy in their luggage. As many will know the Victorians were unwrapping and asked the question – how many would turn renowned for their passion for collecting artefacts. It up to one today? I suspect I probably would, much was not just human mummies which were collected, animal against my better judgement. In conclusion, this lecture mummies were also popular (hence the title of the was very well prepared and presented and served notice lecture). to the audience of the quality of PhD student currently The unwrapping of mummies before audiences had taken studying at Swansea. place before with the earliest attested taking place in by L. S. J. Howells 1698 in France; however from the 1820’s onwards there © The Egypt Centre, Swansea 2011 — 2 — www.swan.ac.uk/egypt/friends Editorial Review of The Welcome to Issue 32 of Inscriptions. Shabti Please take note in your diaries of the date, timing and location of Collections 1 the AGM. Once again we have the prospect of an excellent lecture by Glenn Janes after the AGM, so make sure you’re there! Many of you will be familiar with Sadly, over a year has elapsed the previous publication by since the last issue of Inscriptions. Glenn Janes, this being Shabtis This has been due to lack of – A Private View, a well written contributions, as we can’t put and extremely well illustrated together an issue until we have book which concentrated upon enough material. Please consider shabtis held in private European whether you could produce collections. Mr Janes has something for the next issue, followed that up with another incredible book, this being the first in a however small: we’re always proposed series of books covering the shabti collections of a number of interested to hear of any museums, with this particular volume concentrating upon the shabtis held at adventures (or misadventures) West Park Museum in Macclesfield. As with his previous publication the that you may have had in your photographs of the shabtis themselves are of exquisite quality and his travels. Anything original, from a publishers, Olicar House, appear to have taken great pains to ensure that simple anecdote to a scholarly they are printed in all their glory. Not to be outdone, the descriptions of each article, will be included―it doesn’t necessarily have to be about shabti and its inscription, where present, are also excellent. Provenance of Egypt! each piece and the location in other collections of similar pieces are also noted. If this was not enough the book also features an excellent article on We are very grateful those who the Deir el-Bahari caches discovered during the latter half of the 19th have sent us material for this Century. If you are interested in the study of ancient Egyptian funerary issue, and I hope you’ll agree it’s artefacts, and especially shabtis, this book is very much recommended. worth the wait. However should you wish to own one I suspect you will need to move We wish all Friends and quickly, as at the time of writing they are sold out on Amazon and I was only associates a happy summer able to obtain my copy through Mr Janes’ website, www.shabtis.com. holiday and look forward to seeing everyone again at the AGM and The Shabti Collections 1 was published by Olicar House Publications during lecture on 28 September. 2010. ISBN 978 0 9566271 0 0. Mike Mac Donagh by L. S. J. Howells See how well you’ve read Inscriptions by trying our little crossword! All Crossword the answers are somewhere in this issue.
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