Vitamins? � 15 John D

THE NATIONAL HEALTH JOURNAL

JULY r KEYSTONE VIEW CO. 1946 * Relaxing Exercises * Why a Vacation? 62d YEAR OF PUBLICATION * Do's and Don't's in Cooking * How to Live Longer * Toddlers' Bathroom Privileges * Do You Need Glasses? POTATO SALAD with LOMA LINDA Nuteena And this is just one of the many hearty and nutritious hot weather dishes that can be made with Loma Linda Nu- teena. You'll find other delicious salad and sandwich suggestions on the label. Nuteena is rich in protein and fortified with added amounts of vitamins B„ B,, and needed minerals. Enjoy its smooth texture and delicate flavor. • FREE Recipe Book, fifty-six selected and tested recipes, many new and different ideas. Write for your copy today to Dept. L LOMA LINDA FOOD COMPANY Arlington, California

In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH

Articles Pages Editorials 4 How to Live Longer 6 Carrol S. Small, M.D. Why a Vacation? 8 Harold J. Hoxie, M.D. Baby Learns of Bathroom Privileges 10 Winea Simpson, M.D. Relaxing Exercises 12 Clarence W. Dail, M.D. Doctor, Do I Need Vitamins? 15 John D. Rogers, M.D. Do You Need Glasses? 16 Robert J. Schillinger, M.D. Four Essential Minerals 19 J. Wayne McFarland, M.D. Cooking to Conserve Minerals and Vitamins 20 A Vitamin Chart 22 Harold M. Walton, M.D. Departments News in Small Doses 5 The Dietitian Says 14 Safety for You and Yours ______18 this delicious DIET-BULK iiod gives Clippings From the Medical Press 23 The Housewife's Corner 24 The Family Physician 26 you 3 till po rta nutrients The Mother's Counselor 28 Just for Boys and Girls 30 Gardening for Health 32 How Good Is Your Memory? 33 Your Mental Attitude 34 Crisp, crunchy Nabisco 100% Bran's always a welcome ad- Mother as a Nurse 35 dition to the diet when your constipation is due to insuffi- Nutrition News __ 38 cient bulk in daily food. It's appetizing either as a cereal dish, or mixed in muffins and cookies that can easily be prepared from recipes on the box. In addition to being a flavorful source of diet-bulk, Nabisco 100% Bran provides the nutrients, iron, phosphorus and Vitamin B1. Nabisco 100% Bran is finer-milled MAN cannot control the weather, but he can learn how to beat the heat in the to make bran particles smaller, "eas- summertime. . . . A discussion of treat- ier" on you. Mild and gentle in action! ment and precautions in sugar diabetes. . . . The staff of life, its importance to Sold in pound and half-pound the world and to you. . . . Some vacation packages in foodstores. food hints for picnic lunches. . . . Cross- eyes and other muscle disorders of the eye. Part IV of the series. . . . Fruit salad recipes. . . . A good night's sleep—but how? One of the litany fine FINE foods More exercises in relaxing. f tAto-:-°' viCr— baked by Nabisco NAtional Vol. 62, No. 7, July, ' 1946. Issued monthly. filScuit Printed and published by Review and Herald Publish- vilified ing Association, Takoma Park, Washington 12, D.C., COMpagy U.S.A. Subscription rate, $1.75. Canada and foreign TO MAKE BRAN higher. When change of address is desired, both old PARTICLES SMALLER and new addresses must be given. Entered as second- class matter June 14, 1904, at the post office at Washington, D.C., under Act of Congress, March 3, 1879. Member Audit Bureau of Circulation.

JULY, 1946 In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH PAGE 3 LIFE & HEALTH P. MANY common diseases slip up on us t -AIWA The National Health Journal . • Founded 1885 unawares. A few causes of the principal - e diseases and some hints on how to live longer "MILO may help you. Page 6. P. FREQUENT short 'vacations are more beneficial than infrequent long ones; especially is this true if one is aiming to avoid chronic Polio fatigue. Page 8. NFANTILE PARALYSIS (poliomyelitis) occurs most frequently in the summer ao Do you become impatient with baby's and fall months. There are many questions in regard to infantile paralysis that habits? Some helpful counsel for parents when training the small child. Page 10. I remain unanswered. How it is spread and why it strikes certain localities and 00 RELAXATION results from an absence of passes others by, are but two of the problems science has not completely solved. effort. The author takes you through a series We do know that approximately "50 per cent of all victims recover completely, of exercises to detect tenseness and show how with no trace of paralysis, 30 per cent are left with slight disability, and only 20 relaxation can be learned and applied in a per cent suffer crippling or death." part of the body. Page 12. The National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis gives the following suggestions Po TRY vitamin-filled fresh vegetables from your gardens to supply your daily vitamin during the "polio" season: needs. Page 15. "A few simple precautions exercised in an epidemic area may prevent the disease or mitigate its severity: ► ARE you one of those folk who lose time removing and replacing your glasses instead "Avoid chilling and overtiring. of wearing bifocals? When they are indi- "Do not swim or bathe in polluted waters. cated, the majority of people become accus- "Avoid tonsil and adenoid operations. tomed to bifocals. Page 16. "Wash hands before eating. 110 A-Lks your child adopted the "buddy system" when he goes swimming? Page 18. "Protect food from flies. "Above all, don't yield to panic and don't worry about the expense. Experienced P. FOUR essential minerals—calcium, phosphorus, iron, and iodine. Page 19. medical personnel and the best equipment known are ready, and, although infantile paralysis is one of the most expensive diseases known to medicine and few families See special offer on page 23. Color- can afford prolonged treatment, the National Foundation and its chapters, supported ful pictures on practical cooking pro- by your March of Dimes, are pledged that no victim need lack treatment for want of cedures. Pages 20 and 21. funds—regardless of age, race, creed, or color." With ever-increasing efficiency infantile paralysis is being treated. Sister Kenney's 110 A VITAMIN chart, summarizing functions treatment, with the use of hot packs, is by far the best method yet devised in the in the body, valuable sources, and recom- early stages of this disease. Later on it may be necessary to wear some type of sup- mended daily allowances of vitamins A, B, port or have surgery performed on the weakened limbs. Here again new and im- C, and D. Page 22. proved procedures are being used. Polio, although still a crippler, is not the dreaded 10 SUMMER desserts—and canning, too, disease it once was. Page 24. 0. THE Little Jays serve a real dinner. Can She Cook? Page 30. 0. SOME Do's and Don't's to save flour. OOKING and the cook come in for their share of pleasantries when stories are Page 38. about. However, it is not a laughing matter if it turns out that "she can't C cook." If only the truth were known, the epitaph over many a grave would read, "Died of poor cookery." The science of nutrition has come a long way since the discovery that protein, fats, and carbohydrates are not sufficient to maintain health. Minerals and vitamins as regulators of important body processes must be included in the daily food intake if optimum health is to be obtained. Along with this discovery of vitamins and minerals came the knowledge that improper cooking might seriously reduce these vital substances. And if minerals EDITOR J. Wayne McFarland, M.D. and vitamins are lost along the way because of poor cooking, the results are sickness CONSULTING EDITORS and disease. Harold M. Walton, M.D., F.A.C.P. Many a home which appears well fed is actually ill-fed. The preparation of Walter E. Macpherson, M.D., F.A.C.P. Robert A. Hare, M.D., F.A.C.P. food is one of the essentials in which every homemaker should be vitally interested. CONTRIBUTING EDITORS But how few are really willing to put forth the time and effort required to become George K. Abbott, M.D., F.A.C.S. efficient as good cooks. John F. Brownsberger, M.D., F.A.C.S. D. Lois Burnett, R.N. Imagine a home where mother must depend on the bakery, the delicatessen, the Alton D. Butterfield, M.D., F.A.C.S. canning industry, corner drugstore, and can opener for meals. These are perfectly Belle Wood Comstock, M.D. Leroy E. Coolidge, M.D., F.A.C.S. all right and very proper, but all credit is due the mother who can prepare an George T. Harding, M.D., F.A.C.P. entree that would tempt the most epicurean taste, whose vegetable plates, fresh Daniel H. Kress, M.D. Carl J. Larsen, M.D. salads, and fruit dishes are the envy of her friends, whose homemade bread is some- M. Winifred McCormack, R.N. J. Russell Mitchell, D.D.S., F.A.C.D. thing you talk about, and whose desserts—well, the soda fountain would go bankrupt Arlie L. Moon, M.D. if mother just wanted to go into business. Alfred B. Olsen, M.D., L.R.C.P. (London) M.R.C.S. (Eng.), D.P.H. (Cambridge) Cooking is one of the finest arts and sciences known. Upon proper selection and C. Ernest Parrish, M.D. Orlyn B. Pratt, M.D., F.A.C.P. preparation of food depends the well-being of every member of the family. It is no Russell T. Smith, M.D. exaggeration to say that the health of the home, the community, and the nation A. R. Stadin, M.D. Edward A. Sutherland, M.D. revolves about the kitchen. The question, "Can she cook?" is not one of trivial Archibald W. Truman, M.D., F.A.C.S. Henry W. Vollmer, M.D., F.A.C.S. banter; it is one of utmost import. PAGE 4 LIFE AND HEALTH 11.1••••••

► I'l ,NUTS are one of the best sources of B-complex vitamins, especially of niacin.

► IT is estimated that one out of every 200 persons is an epileptic. Economic loss measured in money, amounts to about $60,000,000 annually.

► IF every man, woman, and child would replace two slices of bread with a serving of oatmeal each week, this would mean 135,000 tons of wheat for the hungry in four months' time. ► THE new Polaroid Day-driving Visor on the market consists of a curved polarizing plastic sheet of good optical quality in a lightweight metal frame. It reveals the view without the glare. And it's squint-free!

► MOBILE X-ray units operated by UNRRA and the International Red Cross have begun a survey of chest conditions of the 400,000 displaced persons in UNRRA assembly centers in the U.S. zone of Germany, according to information reaching United Nations Re- lief and Rehabilitation headquarters in Washington.

► THE 3,000-bed Battey General Hospital at Rome, Georgia, is being converted to peace- time duty as a State tuberculosis sanatorium. When staffed to full capacity this modern $10,000,000 hospital will have facilities for treating around 5,000 cases of tuberculosis annually, instead of less than 800 now being cared for at the present Alto Sanatorium.

► NEW hope for dogs suffering from their "worst enemy," distemper, is seen by Dr. Charles E. Fanslau, director of the Veterinary Division, Winthrop Chemical Company, Inc., through what is known as the "cell-block" treatment, as the result of new clinical experiments with distemperoid virus by Dr. Robert G. Green, of the University of Min- nesota department of bacteriology and im- munology.

► DR. REINHOLD RUDENBERG, professor of electrical engineering at the Graduate School of Engineering, Harvard University, has re- ceived an Honor Award Medallion of Stevens You May Be One of Those Many Folk Institute of Technology as the inventor of the electron microscope. This new instrument who will consider Vegetarian Cutlets as a more satisfactory article of daily reveals new facts about heretofore- diet than fish, fowl, or meat. This tender meat-protein substitute is invisible microbes and viruses, and it is now conceded to be one of the most valuable tools manufactured from a selected portion of the wheat, healthfully pre- available in modern medical research. pared and tastily flavored, providing a highly nutritious and tempting ► THE six muscles that hold the human eye food for any meal. Cutlets are very low in starch, high in body building in position for effective seeing are incredibly tiny, according to the Better Vision Institute. qualities, resemble meat in taste. The largest of these muscles (the internal rectus) weighs only one thirty-eighth of an Miller's Cutlets may be prepared and served in many ways—lightly ounce. The smallest (the two obliques) grilled as they come from the can—dipped in egg and rolled in cracker weigh only about one hundredth of an ounce. But tiny as these muscles are, they crumbs, corn meal, or potato flour and browned—used in stews, pot pies, stand at attention every second that our eyes and chop suey. With these delicious cutlets a quick meal, balanced in are awake, holding each eye steady and moving it in unison with the other eye. protein, can readily be prepared.

► EXPERIMENTS with 200 dairy calves at the University of Illinois have shown that calves TENDERIZED CUTLETS ARE PACKED IN FOUR fed vitamin supplements during the first MILLER'S SIZES: thirty days of life made no better gains and No. 10 30 ounce 16 ounce 11 ounce had no fewer digestive upsets than those not fed vitamins. However, W. B. Nevens, pro- If your dealer does not have Miller's Cutlets, write for information to: fessor of dairy cattle feeding at the university's College of Agriculture, emphasizes that this result does not mean that vitamins are not important for the health of the young INTERNATIONAL NUTRITION LABORATORY, INC. calf. He stresses the fact that the vitamin supply at birth is especially important. MOUNT VERNON, OHIO JULY, 1946 In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH PAGE 5 N THE Old Testament we read the account of King Hezekiah, I who, when God deemed that his years were done, petitioned for an additional extension of time. He was accordingly granted fifteen years of extra life. The desire to live longer is a part of human nature. A few hints on how to live longer are worth while. It is of some advantage to know in what form trouble may come. A brief review of the common causes of mortality is in order. Heart disease is foremost today among causes of death. The type of heart disease associated with acute rheumatic fever, or what is commonly termed inflammatory rheumatism. is

H. M. LAM BERT

It Is Human Nature to Want to Live Longer. A Few Hints on How to Do So Are Worth While responsible for much distress and A very common cause of heart dis- Another major cause of death in the many fatalities. Avoidance of undue ease is narrowing of the coronary ar- United States is cancer. fatigue and exposure to cold and wet teries, which feed the heart muscle. Cancer of the lung, which fre- may prevent attacks of this disease, This narrowing, or sclerosis, of the quently begins in one of the bronchial since inflammatory rheumatism fre- arteries is due to a variety of factors. tubes, can sometimes, among other quently follows sore throats and simi- One of these appears to be a diet too causes, be connected with a deficiency lar infections. rich in foods containing cholesterol, a in vitamin A. A lack of this vitamin Another variety of heart disease is fatty substance present in all living produces in some cases a horny thick- that resulting from high blood pres- cells. There is evidence that the as- ening of the lining of the bronchial sure. The causes of high blood pres- similation of cholesterol in large tubes. This thickening can go on to sure are much debated, and while we quantities has a tendency to cause the development of actual cancer if know something of the mechanism of narrowing of these arteries. This par- continued long enough. Conse- its development within the human ticular form of heart disease is also quently, a diet adequate in vitamin body, we know little about basic rea- aggravated by stress and worry. A will help to remove this risk. sons. One conspicuous fact is that The author's own experience in Cancer of the mouth develops much the nations of earth which are not medical practice has impressed upon more commonly in those whose teeth devoted to high-pressure industrial- him the damage wrought by eating are infected, misshapen, or broken, so ized civilization, and whose citizens late in the evening or eating too large that the mouth is subjected to the irri- live on a more leisurely basis, have an evening meal. He has seen dozens tation of sharp edges or points, or of only a fraction of the cases of hyper- of patients who have succumbed to infected discharges from the gums. tension (high blood pressure) that the coronary artery disease soon after an Good dental hygiene is good preven- modern "civilized" industrial nations unusually large or unusually late sup- tion for cancer of the mouth. For have. Whether industrial progress per. Ample time for digestion of the many years the idea has prevailed that represents real progress as far as health evening meal should be allowed be- a hot pipestem or a stream of hot to- is concerned is subject to question. fore retiring. bacco smoke has an irritating effect

PAGE 6 LIFE AND HEALTH on the lining of the mouth or the bleedings, either at the time of men- young individual, is on the wane as a covering of the tongue and might pro- struation or between menstruations, result of marvelous developments in mote the development of cancer of or even after the menopause. Any the field of treatment. The sulfa those areas. Although many people abnormal bleeding from the genital drugs and penicillin have reduced the develop cancer of the mouth without organs is an alarm signal, and prompt mortality from lobar pneumonia to having used tobacco, the incidence is consultation with an intelligent phy- only a small percentage of what it was greater in the tobacco users. sician is not only advisable but neces- ten years ago. Those who are exposed to dry, hot sary in such a case. The other kind of pneumonia, wind and brilliant sunlight, as is very The same holds true for any thick- which we call bronchial pneumonia, common in the southwestern United ening, lump, or discharge from the is usually the last in a long series of States, are much more prone to cancer breast. Such an event is a danger adverse events, and may take away the of the lower lip and of the exposed signal. No lump in the breast is to patient who is already about to suc- skin than others. A large broad- be ignored. If a self-styled "doctor" cumb to some other illness. It rarely brimmed hat is good hygiene if one advises ignoring it, the proper course occurs as the primary cause of death must be out in the wind and sun. is to consult an intelligent physician all by itself. The avoidance of pneu- Practically all of us have a liberal who will take proper means to diag- monia is intimately connected with the sprinkling of brown moles on the skin. nose it. This frequently means re- avoidance of undue exposure to cold These are quite harmless little collec- moving the lump and examining it and wet. Naturally the person whose tions of pigmented tumor cells, and under a microscope for signs of pos- judgment is impaired, and whose only rarely does one cause trouble. sible cancer. sense of heat and cold is interfered However, if one of these is chafed or Many disturbances of the digestive with by alcoholic indulgence, is a pinched by clothing, or is continually system are ignored for long periods much easier victim of pneumonia than irritated, as by shaving over it, it may of time. Such procrastination may the one who remains sober. spring into activity and become a be costly. If a person in middle age With alarming frequency accidents malignant growth. A brown mole suddenly begins to lose weight or loses take away many in the most pro- which shows any enlargement or his normal appetite, or if he develops ductive years of life. Unfortunately, which breaks open and oozes fluid or abnormal habits of bowel movements, accidents in the home are almost as blood should be immediately treated he should consult a physician, since frequent as those in other places. Ac- by a competent physician. the above symptoms may herald a can- Cancer of the reproductive organs cer somewhere in the digestive system. cidents on the highway receive more is extremely common in women and Bleeding from any of the body cavities publicity, but scalds, burns, cuts, and is frequently heralded by abnormal is, of course, a danger signal that must other injuries in the home are ex- be immediately extremely common. The necessity of plained. ordinary common sense in regard to Peace of Mind and Health of Body Are climbing upon unstable objects, to the Intimately Connected. A Faith to Live Pneumonia is, to By Is a Wonderful Aid to Health and handling of sharp tools, and particu- Happiness a large degree, dis- larly to placing hot liquids within the H. A. ROBERTS appearing as a cause of death. The kind reach of small children is obvious. of pneumonia we It might be thought that fatal poi- call lobar, which soning is an uncommon event, and strikes down the in the sense that a person dies within previously healthy a few hours of taking the poison, it still is uncommon. We cannot refrain from obsdving, however, that there are two poisons commonly condoned by the civilized world—alcohol and tobacco. The effect of alcohol is very obvious when it is taken in undue amounts, but even so-called moderate or light indulgence sows a seed whose baneful harvest cannot be avoided. Tobacco, however, is a much more insidious, if not much less dangerous, poison. Studies have shown that longevity is definitely impaired by the use of tobacco. That tobacco has a definite relationship to coronary artery disease in the heart has been proved. A decided relationship exists between the use of tobacco and the development and continuation of ulcers of the stomach. Its effect upon the mentality of the user and upon his mental reaction in crises is debat- able. Suffice it to say that tobacco is (Continued on page 32) JULY, 1946 PAGE 7 F YOU find it difficult to meet each day with enthusiasm, if you are I unable to recuperate quickly from effort, if it is hard for you to keep your disposition and faculties manage- able until a reasonable retiring hour —you need a vacation. In our American society overaddic- tion to business has been considered virtuous. Work or the money which work brings or the things that money can buy have for many become the objects of living. A continuous pur- suit of these objectives takes from life its very essence. To realize fully our possibilities in living we must engage also in activities arising from feelings of worship of our Maker, love and friendship for our fellow human beings, and from our natural but too often neglected need for play and recreation. Work is good, but it must not replace all other activities. All work and no play makes Jack a dull and irritating person.

•-7

Top: Plan Your Vacation to Provide Forms of Ac- The traditional weekly day of rest tivity Different From Those of Everyday Life provides a safety measure that helps • to prevent accumulation of fatigue. Too often, however, in our complex Left: Hiking Relaxes the Nerves and Helps to society we find ourselves developing Make for Symmetrical Development a state of long-continued tension and fatigue. This chronic fatigue is different from the tiredness that comes after a

0TO hard day's work. Ordinary tiredness pain across the shoulders. We can originates in the muscles and serves as keep this wide margin of vitality by a protection against exhaustion and In order to have life and have it balancing expenditure of energy with disintegration of the muscles. The abundantly we must keep our re- appropriate periods of relaxation. continued perception of the uncom- sources in vitality and composure high. This balancing of accounts should be fortable sensations arising in the mus- We must have enough resilience to done hourly and daily, and it will take cles, together with the increased recuperate quickly from strain and care of the ordinary fatigue which we mental effort needed to continue using fatigue without signs of tenseness, such expect and rather welcome after a them, fatigues the mind, and the per- as insomnia, nervous indigestion, and hard day's work. son becomes tense, irritable, de-

PAGE 8 LIFE AND HEALTH pressed, and less able to concentrate. work; they find they are being ex- ful. These people are conscientiou, The muscles are well protected ploited; economic security for the fu- and ambitious, and thus burden them- against exhaustion by the discomfort ture seems uncertain; the threats to selves with work to the exclusion of they cause, so it is the mind that is personal freedom increase as society recreational activities. The mother affected most by our overwork. A becomes more complex. Social and devoted to her family, the teacher who good night's sleep will allow these •economic demands are frequently gives her whole life to her work, and effects to pass off, but frequent repeti- more than a person can meet. They the businessman who lives to succeed tion of this type of fatigue without require more effort than he is willing materially- are classic examples. sufficient time to recuperate will in- or able to put forth. He may develop The weakness and tiredness that ac- duce a habit of feeling tired so that feelings of self-accusation, of un- companies almost all illnesses, espe- symptoms return on slight effort or worthiness, of self-pity, of inferiority, cially influenza and prolonged fevers, even on the anticipation of effort. and perhaps jealousy and anger. is another cause of long-continued The hurry, noise, crowding, and These mental attitudes exhaust the fatigue. sedentary habits that accompany city nervous energy. Exhaustion of nerv- No age period is exempt from dwelling are unhygienic aspects of ous reserve makes us more susceptible chronic fatigue, but it is during the modern life which cause exhaustion to countless sensations which, when late teens and the next fifteen or of nervous energy. The accelerated sufficiently severe, defy our ability to twenty years that the habits of living and intensified efforts in times of war think them through, and thus give rise sow the seed that is later reaped in the and the uncertainties of the interna- to new fears. form of various illnesses. ' tional and domestic situations in times Certain classes of persons are par- (Continued on page 32) of "peace" are additional factors. ticularly likely to develop the type of Few people find all things about fatigue for which vacations are help- their lives entirely pleasant. They are bored with the monotony of their That Will Give Here Are Suggestions You A New Lease on Life and Help You Avoid Chronic Fatigue

By HAROLD J. HOXIE,

Top: If Vacationing by Auto- mobile, Do It Leisurely

Right: The Grandeur of the Mountains Combined With the Restfulness of Forest and Lake Put to Flight All Trifling Worries

JULY, 1946 JOSE, MUEN, ABY comes into this world with no knowledge to lose and every- B thing to gain. The rapidity with which he develops physically, socially, BABY and mentally is amazing. Still adults are prone to forget that it has taken them years to reach their present standard of attainments, and they are inclined to be impatient with baby's failures. The attitudes of parents are of great importance in early infancy when elementary be- havior patterns are being formed. Approval and praise for successful accomplishment conditions baby to repeat his accomplishment. Positive training by praise gives quicker and more lasting results than negative training by punishment.

This is especially true in toilet train- H. M. LAMBERT ing. Punishment for a wet or soiled diaper causes baby to associate fear with the normal processes of elimination, and it is very confusing. Parents The Rapidity With Which Baby Devel- must not expect perfection even for ops Physically, Socially, and Mentally many weeks after the habit-training Is Amazing period has been initiated. When is an infant old enough to be introduced to the "toidy"? There is Many mothers believe that early average are slower to train. It really no definite age, because no two chil- training measures can be successful is not mother that trains the child's dren react alike. However, it is soon even with an infant one to three bladder. The bladder just naturally enough to start bowel training when months of age. Analysis proves that grows up and gets the idea all by itself baby is able to sit up steadily by him- success is due to constant vigilance on of retaining urine for longer and still self and gives you some way of know- the part of the mother and to nonre- longer periods. The most that an adult can do is to show the baby where he wants him to urinate. Someday, perhaps when he is fifteen months old, you pick him up from his 7e Nene Zeta' and simple the life of the nap or bring him in from his play and child, the more favorable it will be to both physical and mental develop- find to your surprise that he is dry and ment. At all times the mother should endeavor to be quiet, calm, and has been dry for a couple of hours. If self-possessed. Many infants are extremely susceptible to nervous excite- you wait until this happens before putting him on the "toidy" you will be ment, and the mother's gentle, unhurried manner will have a soothing sure of three things: influence that will be of untold benefit to the child." 1. The bladder is developed enough —Your Home and Health, p. 52. to co-operate. 2. You will not have to keep him on the "toidy" long because his bladder will be full after two hours. 3. You will not be going at his ing when he is going to perform. If sistance of the infant. What is called training too suddenly because you will baby is regular and usually has his training introduced in the early find him dry only every few days at movement, for instance, a few minutes months is merely "catching." And the first. • Gradually, as the days pass, you after breakfast, he is ready to be taken strain of constant attention reacts un- will find him dry more regularly. to the bathroom once a day without favorably on the young baby, who Then you should put him on the difficulty. If he is irregular but gives should be disturbed as little as pos- "toidy" at definite intervals--upon some kind of sign when he is starting, sible. rising in the morning, before and after he should be put on the "toidy" at You should wait to start any bladder meals, before and after sleeping. once. But if baby is irregular and training at least until the baby's blad- No matter at what age baby is intro- shows no sign when he moves his der shows that it is getting the knack duced to the "toidy," care should be bowels, delay the training period until of holding urine for a couple of hours. taken that every association is pleasant, a later day. He is not ready. Until Infants begin to stay dry for two-hour especially at the beginning. Introduce the ninth or tenth month most babies intervals usually not before fifteen little "toidy" on a day when baby. is function almost automatically; they months of age. Once in a while a feeling well and happy and at the time do not have the ability to control when baby girl will develop bladder control when his bowels usually move. Sit functioning shall occur. as young as ten months. Boys on an down with him in front of the "toidy"

PAGE 10 LIFE AND HEALTH Then there is the child who screams and fights when he is put on the "toidy," because he is constipated and. LEARNS OF has come to associate the bathroom with painful movements. Since he has been hurt on the "toidy," he balks at taking another chance there. He would rather dodge the issue and let his movement come gradually when he is not thinking about it, or perhaps he holds back his movement to avoid Vathirt°m pain, and the constipation becomes WINEA SIMPSON. M.D. more serious, resulting in a vicious cycle. A laxative diet or a mild ca- thartic by mouth is the best way to and make him acquainted. It is a Baby may politely show his inde- break the cycle. This type of child good idea to use some definite word pendence by ignoring bathroom privi- will not benefit by rectal suppositories, every time you refer to the toilet, so leges altogether, by deliberately wait- which make him only more frightened that the infant will come to associate ing until he is removed from the and more resentful. In order that that word with the act of elimination. "toidy" and then moving his bowels in baby will never become conditioned. At first you should stay with baby the corner of the room or in his pants. against his "toidy" it is important to This is the only way he can feel that regulate the diet so that the first ten- the movement is his own, and that he dency to hard movements is promptly is doing it in his own way. Occasion- corrected. ally a child who has been well trained Mothers are frequently irritated by for several months suddenly will seem the fact that baby waits until he has to have forgotten all his training. soiled or wet his pants and then indi- Don't you ever think it. Babies do not cates that he wants to go to the bath- forget that easily. room. This episode should not be in- There are numerous reasons for terpreted as naughtiness or teasing, training accidents, such as fatiguing for it is a good sign. You see, the tod- circumstances or unfamiliar surround- dler is getting the feeling that he ought to be on the "toidy" when he urinates; but he hasn't good control yet and he doesn't get enough warning before- hand. Parents should be patient at this stage of learning. Everything should be done to make it easy for baby to learn to keep dry. He should never be left wet or soiled. The habit of keeping clothes dry will (Continued on page 23)

until he has completed the functioning. If action does not come within five minutes he should be taken off, and the "toidy" not presented until the following day. If mother requires baby to stay on the "toidy" for a long time, if she is demanding in her train- PHOTOS. COURTESY JUVENILE WOOD PRODUCTS. Int Good Health Habits Can Be Learned at an ing efforts, she will encourage a rebel- Early Age lious attitude in the toddler who is at balky age anyway. If she is insistent ings resulting in nervous tension, that he move his bowels in a certain which not infrequently causes the place, at a certain time, she is saying violation of well-established habits to him in so many words, "It is not of control. Another reason for lapse your movement, it's mine; so you do it beyond the training period may be as I tell you to." Instead of appreci- a craving of the child for more at- ating the times when he co-operates, tention than he has been getting and praising him for his success, she since the arrival of a new baby in scolds and threatens him for his fail- the home. In order to get this at- ures. tention, he starts wetting his pants.

JULY, 1946 h. ROBERTS PAGE 11

CEE

CLARENCE W. DAIL, M.D. qe0 (Af.t See,0

LEEP is a necessary bodily func- cause of insomnia. It is quite impos- bered that to develop proficiency in tion. A lack of sleep or the sible to remove the cause of these con- this may take months. It is common S inability to sleep is called in- ditions unless one trusts in divine knowledge, though, that skill in most somnia. It results in irritability, leadership, protection, and forgive- manual activities takes longer than inefficiency, and even disease. When ness. When one has corrected any this. Although perfection in relax- one finds it difficult to sleep, he may wrong done to others the sense of ing cannot be expected from the try many measures in an effort to doing right is a marvelous soother of study of these articles alone, any remedy the situation. • Of ten such at- the nerves. It permits restful sleep. help should be welcomed. Much de- tempts not only are worthless but. may Disturbances due to disease may pends upon personal effort. Learning increase the insomnia or cause some cause insomnia. Sleep is difficult to relax properly involves the basic other injury. This is especially so habits of life. Training oneself to when sedative drugs are employed. respond calmly to the varied sur- The ability to sleep and the sound- Part III in a Series roundings and conflicting tensions ness of sleep differ considerably from on Relaxation which we meet is a first step. Then one person to another. In one case we can relax more easily muscles that sleep may not be disturbed by loud when there is pain. Fatigue may be are not needed for the task at hand. noise; in another just a whisper may so severe as to drive away all sleep. Relaxation is really not difficult. awaken. Some sleep quietly, others The lack of exercise on the other hand It should be the easiest thing to learn. toss to and fro throughout the night. may be another factor. Nervous ex- To illustrate this, lift your arm. That Sound sleep is not likely to be asso- haustion is of more importance than requires an effort. If someone resists ciated with unpleasant dreams; it is physical. Extreme hunger may cause the motion, the effort will be greater. more restful. Sound sleep is favored wakefulness; eating a hearty meal just Next, do not bother to lift it. Let it by a relaxed condition when falling before retiring, however, may cause fall limply. That is the opposite of to sleep. Individuals who are suffer- more disturbance. exertion. It is relaxation. The chief ing froin lack of sleep would benefit Regulation of all the factors that difficulty during an attempt to relax by learning how to relax. contribute to insomnia will naturally is that of an effort being made; that Sleep is frequently disturbed by improve sleep. They should be elimi- is. when one muscular effort attempts modern living. Amusements and nated wherever possible. The most to relax another. Relaxation requires sports are likely to . excite. Motion important physical factor, however, is no effort; it is the opposite of effort. pictures may be particularly undesir- nervous and muscular tension. If one Learning this requires training. able, as they are likely to stir up the is able to relax, one may often sleep The remainder of this article, as emotions so that sleep is impossible. well in spite of other aggravating con- well as most of the next two articles Competitive business is an important ditions. It is necessary to live in a in this series, will be devoted to de- factor; it is often the cause of mental civilized world where there is likely scription of how it is done. Although tension and worry that may carry over to be much that will interfere with it would take less than an hour to read into the small hours of the night. quiet. Much can be gained, there- Whenever possible, these factors fore, by learning to relax all unneces- should be controlled. sary nerve and muscular tensions. Fear, a guilty conscience, and re- The importance of these in the cause Notice Tensene ss in Fla morse are important factors in the of insomnia, nervousness, indigestion, B0,„ Fore,m colitis, etc., has already been discussed in previous articles. HG Hand and Wrist Limp The cultivation of nerve and Notice Tenseness Here muscular relaxation is done Bend Eyes Closed west -...... •••• t, only by persistent and repeated practice. It should be remem- Bachword . '1-4- Bend Elbow ftG. 3 Steadily 4 4;------/1""--1-- -:„.„, Notice "Tenseness in

- Front of Forearm

Keep Wrist and Finge „ Limp

PAGE 12

Notice Tensenet EWING GAII There Is a Constant Lineup at All Amusement Centers. 01 ten These Evening Entertainments Excite the Emotions So That Sleep Is Retarded the material over, it will require When completely' weeks of persistent effort to put it quiet, bend the left arm to practice. The procedures described steadily at the elbow, are based upon the clinical and re- keeping the hand and search work of Dr. Edmund Jacobson. wrist limp. While bend- Relaxation is first taught while the ing the elbow and main- individual is lying down. This is be- taining this position, cause it is the easiest way. In a sitting one can, with care, no- position and in other positions there tice a sensation in the usually have to be tensions in parts front of the upper arm. of the body. This is not the case in (See figure 1.) The sen- lying down. Breathing, of course, sation may be made must continue, but since muscular ac- stronger and thus recog- tion necessary for this is or can be nized easier if someone KEYSTONE PHOTO automatic, it usually does not inter- resists the movement. fere. For the person requiring relief Bending at the elbow should be sion may be decreased by less effort. from insomnia the lying position is done steadily. This sensation in the If, while the arm is bent, the effort to naturally chosen. front of the upper arm is called keep it in this position ceases alto- To practice properly one must have tenseness. It is to be noted that gether, the hand will drop of its own a period of one full hour during each this is not pain; it is not like a weight. This disappearance or ab- day. There must be no interruptions tickle; it is not a sensation of heat sence of tenseness is relaxation. Thus of any kind. A comfortable bed or or cold; neither is it a sensation due it is seen that relaxation is easy; it couch is chosen, which is wide enough to stretching or cramping. The sen- simply results from absence of effort. so that the arms may lie alongside sation of tenseness is less well defined After the arm has thus been relaxed without touching the body. A pillow than these. It is neither agreeable nor for several minutes, it is slowly and is allowed for comfort. The subject disagreeable. The sensation of tense- steadily bent while the feeling of lies on his back, the legs uncrossed. ness is always associated with effort. tenseness is noted. It is then relaxed After lying down one should be as It is present during every waking again. The process of relaxation has quiet as possible. The eyes are left moment, but is rarely observed unless involved no effort. Therefore, when open for a few minutes, after which special attention is directed toward it. the arm is relaxed, it is not pulled they are gradually closed and left so. When one learns to observe tenseness, down by muscular action; it simply One does not speak, nor is he spoken he is able to recognize it easily when drops because there is no muscular ac- to during the rest of the period. The any activity is performed. It can tion present to hold it up. Again, only exceptions to this will be pointed readily be decreased and eliminated muscle contraction is noticed by the out. Noise should be kept to a mini- after training. Recognition and feeling of tenseness, relaxation by the mum, particularly anything that elimination of undesirable tensions absence of that feeling. It is impor- might remind the subject of some may be made almost subconscious. tant to remember that relaxation is obligation, for example, the crying of Since muscle tenseness results from nothing tight, tense, or hard. a child or the ringing of a doorbell. an effort to bend the elbow, the ten- (Continued on page 30) JULY, 1946 PAGE 13 Conducted by L U C I L L E J. GOTHAM, Dietitian

This department serves as an aid to our readers in their dietetic problems. For information regarding some particular food or diet, address: The Dietitian, LIFE AND HEALTH, Takoma Park, Washington 12, D.O. Enclose stamped, addressed envelope for reply. This service is available only to subscribers.

The President's Diet now canned so that they are available the glassfuls of milk may be taken at each year round. Prunes are a good source meal. Cottage cheese may be used freely. "My small son is a great admirer of of thiamin, and you can make delicious Try serving the cooked vegetables seasoned President Truman, just like his father. prune puddings. only with milk and salt. For salads use a He wants to know what the President Because vitamin B, is a water-soluble plain dressing of lemon juice, salt, and eats. Is there any way we could find out vitamin, it can be lost very easily if pre- honey or you may make a very tasty dress- for Johnny's satisfaction?" cautions are not taken to preserve it in ing by adding lemon juice to condensed A most interesting biography of the cooking. Be sure to cook vegetables with milk until it is thick like whipped cream, President called This Man Truman, by the cover on and as quickly as possible; then add salt and honey to make it taste Frank McNaughton and Walter Heh- then use the water in broths or gravies. well seasoned. The patient should be rneyer, tells about President Truman's Never use soda to tenderize vegetables, encouraged to chew the food thoroughly. food preferences. It says he likes plain for it destroys vitamin B1. Some other food best, just the sort you would be common foods which are worth-while Yogurt and Calories likely to find on the average Missouri sources of vitamin Bt are legumes, milk, farm. For breakfast he enjoys oatmeal, whey, yeast, asparagus, Brussels sprouts, "Kindly advise me what the caloric orange juice, toast, and a glass of milk. cauliflower, collards, corn, eggs, kale, milk, value of yogurt is, as I count my calories." At lunch he prefers some kind of fish, potatoes, and turnip greens. Yogurt is usually made of regular whole a tossed salad, a dish of figs with cream, milk. Neither the addition of the cul- and a glass of cold milk. For dinner he ture nor the souring produces any change relishes steak when he can get it, potatoes, Dehydrogenated Oil Shortening in the calories. Calories are the same for salad, and ice cream or apple pie, and "Recently upon inquiry we learned that a glass of yogurt as for a glass of sweet on rare occasions a cup of coffee. He has our baker uses pure dehydrogenated oil milk. The figure is 145 for an average discovered that he functions best when shortening. So far we have been unable seven-ounce glass. he is a little bit hungry, and consequently to find out exactly what this is. Is it vege- is a moderate eater. table or animal fat?" Some Effects of Sugar Bakers and manufacturers usually re- "I have heard that many have too little Vitamin B, (Thiamin) sort to the use of whichever oil is most sugar in the blood and that this causes "When I took the Red Cross nutrition economical at the time. They may even much trouble. How much sugar do we course I discovered that our family had use a mixture of oils. Dehydrogenated need in our diet to be normal?" many signs of a lack of vitamin 131. What oil may be either animal or vegetable. Sugar and sugar-producing foods are can I do about it? It is impossible on our Some packaged goods says that vegetable widely distributed in nature, and there is budget to buy expensive vitamin prepara- oil is used in it, and it may even name the good reason to believe that we were meant tions." kind of oil. to eat freely of them. Nutritionists con- You should make sure that all the sider that about 65 per cent of the diet cereals you use are either whole grain or Diet and Asthma should be sugary and starchy foods. The else reinforced with vitamins to make starchy foods turn to sugar on being them equal to whole-grain cereals in vita- "My daughter has asthma attacks at digested. If you fail to take enough of min B„ which is usually called thiamin. night, about two o'clock. We have tried this sort of food you may have what is Be sure and read all labels. We have almost everything it seems, except diet. called shopper's headache. This is a discovered that some farina has added Does it ever help?" headache due to the sugar's becoming too wheat germ, making it naturally rich not Yes, diet does help in some cases, and low in the blood. It is quickly relieved by only in vitamin B, but also in all the it is worth trying. One of our teachers, taking sweet food. other important vitamins of the B com- a noted physician, told us that wakeful- That tired feeling and nervousness, plex. Another farina, selling at the same ness which comes about two o'clock in along with headaches, are in some cases price and in the same size package, was the morning is due to eating heavy and overcome by taking more sweets. The im- very inferior, as it had no vitamins added. rich food at the evening meal. Many portant thing is to make sure that the Try to provide your family with home- who have asthma attacks at night find that sugary foods are the natural ones, such as made whole-wheat bread quite regularly. a very light evening meal, mostly of fruit, honey, maple sirup, dates, raisins, sweet For a change rye could be featured. It or even no supper at all, will result in fresh fruits and juices. If you plan on would probably be best for you to be complete relief. A plain, nourishing diet, strenuous activity such as mountain climb- very particular and use only vitamin-rich composed largely of fruits, vegetables, ing, try taking along as much as a pound flour when you make a cake, pie, or whole-grain cereals, and dairy products, of raisins. You may find, as have others, cookies. Skimp on sugary desserts. Natu- avoiding all spices, eggs, meats, fried that the usual lameness experienced after ral desserts, which are excellent sources foods, and dessert except fruit, often such exertion is prevented by eating the of thiamin, are the various nuts, which are helps. If the patient is underweight, two sweets. PAGE 14 LIFE AND HEALTH VITAMINS? AA JOHN D. ROGERS, M.D.

C pills when he can get this vitamin from oranges, lemons, grapefruit, tomatoes, avegetables, etc.? PATIENT: But, doctor, don't you believe vitamin preparations should ever be used? DOCTOR: I most certainly do. I wish I had time to tell you of some of the remarkable results I have seen from the administration of vitamins when they were indicated. It is nothing short of phenomenal in people suffer-

S. M. HARLAN ing from pellagra. You can take an To Depend More and More on Good Wholesome Food for One's Vitamins Is the Doctor's Advice individual with this disease, and by means of a high vitamin diet and an PATIENT: Doctor, don't you think one would get the vitamins in the extra supply of specific vitamins, everyone should take vitamin pills? form in which nature made them. change the picture from one of hope- DOCTOR: In my own opinion, and You have heard of these cereal bev- lessness to comparative health in a incidentally it is the opinion of many erages, haven't you? few weeks. This is also true of other physicians, the American public has PATIENT: Yes, indeed, doctor, and conditions. gone vitamin crazy. we use them at our house. It took us The point I wish to make is that PATIENT: Crazy? What do you a little time to get used to the different vitamin preparations should not be mean crazy? Aren't vitamins any flavor, but we wouldn't use anything depended upon for your vitamin sup- good? After all, 130,000,000 people else now. But I want to hear more ply. The doctors have no quarrel can't be wrong. on this vitamin business. with vitamins. Our quarrel is with DOCTOR: It's just this way. I don't DOCTOR: To listen to the advertisers the advertisers who, unconsciously, mean to say that we don't need vita- you would wonder how anybody ever perhaps, lead folks on to believe that mins, but it hasn't occurred to some lived before their recent discovery. they can neglect diet, sunshine, and people that there is more than one You notice I said discovery. Just be- other health measures, and then when way to get them. We hear so much cause we have known them by name not feeling quit:, up to par, take some about vitamins these days in advertise- for only a few years doesn't mean they pills and be all right. We need to ments that you would think it impos- were not in existence. They were tgach the people to depend more and sible to get them anywhere but from more on good wholesome food in as the artificial source. Hypnotized by natural a state as possible and not so the latest health fad, unthinking peo- much on the drugstore. The Ameri- ple gulp down great quantities of vita- '17‘e Stony can Medical Association calls this A'7 min pills to ward off this disease or 70llied vitamin health fad "shotgun vitamin that. We even have vitamin soaps therapy." and vitamin creams for the ladies, to PATIENT: Now, doctor, you have make their skins more healthy and to blasted some of my ideas. I had hopes bring back that schoolgirl complexion. present in food from the very begin- of eating as I pleased and simply tak- Vitamin cough drops are now obtain- ning. ing some pills. able. Even the coffee has been vita- A few months ago I was reading DocToR: It can't be done that way. minized. And that's just a plain joke from a book on medicine that was one The vitamin "addicts" could save to me, if you want to know what I hundred and fifty years old. The money and assure themselves of a think about it. medical authorities discovered that more adequate vitamin supply by PATIENT: Go ahead, I'd like to the sailors in the British Navy were switching from fad to food. I believe know, doctor. largely protected from scurvy when it is much better to eat your way to DOCTOR: This is one case where I they had fruit juice and vegetables. health. Let me emphasize the point think the vitamin advertisers have Scurvy was formerly a dreaded disease that I believe we are much more cer- something. The only joke is that the among those who took long sea tain of getting the vitamins we need vitamin they add to the coffee is the voyages. The men would develop by using an all-round well-balanced only thing good in it, unless milk or bleeding gums and skin blemishes, diet. cream is added. Coffee contains caf- and would even die. We know now PATIENT: Do you think, doctor, that feine, which is a stimulant and harms that it was because they couldn't get vitamins will help a case of nerves? the nervous system. It would be far fresh fruits and vegetables. Why DOCTOR: If one feels quarrelsome, better to use one of the substitutes should a person in average health depressed, irritable, or has "the jit- made from roasted cereals, and then today waste his money buying vitamin (Continued on page 27) JULY, 1946 PAGE 15 thing to accommodate for objects seen' at a distance. One should have to do so only for near objects. Using some of the power of accommodation for distant vision leaves comparatively little for near vision. Hence, these eyes are overworked all the time, and soon may become tired.• While we are young and in good health no harm may be done by a certain amount of extra accommodat- ing or focusing. That is why not all farsighted young people wear glasses. As a matter of fact, the individual may not discover that he is farsighted for many years. It is for this reason that we must use judgment and common sense in prescribing glasses for farsightedness in young people, although it is probable that they all should wear them. Factors which will influence the decision are, first of all, the pres- ence or absence of symptoms of eyestrain, the general health, and the amount of near work that the individual is required to do. It is for objects near at hand that the person will have Zeed

LASSES consist of a pair of PART III On the Human Eye lenses made in such a manner G as to correct the defect of the It is a simple matter to explain to to overaccommod a te; consequently, wearer's eyes. Young normal eyes do an individual belonging to the first we may prescribe the regular distant not need them, because such eyes per- class that he needs glasses. All one correction for the individual, asking form in a normal fashion. Looking has to do is to put the proper glasses him to wear his glasses for work near at a distant object they perceive it before his eyes, and he himself will at hand only. In cases of this type clearly without any accommodative or immediately notice an improvement we believe that the individual can focusing effort whatever, and when in vision. It is in dealing with people carry the load of accommodation for looking at a near object they see it who belong to the second class that distance, but that he needs help in clearly by exerting a normal amount we encounter most of the trouble. fulfilling the greatly increased re- of accommodation. "Just why," the patient asks, "do I quirement for close work. However, Younger persons with abnormal need glasses when I can see perfectly sooner or later the farsighted individ- eyes fall into one of the two following well?" And unless he sacrifices a cer- ual will need glasses for constant wear, groups: those who cannot see clearly tain amount of time for study and especially as he approaches the age of at a distance, no matter how they actually tries to understand his prob- thirty. strain their eyes; and those who, by lem, he will never be fully satisfied. When we see a patient of this type exerting an abnormal amount of ac- The mechanism of sight in a far- between the ages of thirty and forty, commodation, can see a clear image sighted eye was fully explained in our it sometimes is a perplexing problem at a distance, which leaves them very first article dealing with the anatomy to explain to him what has happened. little accommodative reserve for near and physiology of the eye, In brief He usually does not know that he is objects. To the first class belong in- summary: The farsighted eye has a farsighted, and may have enjoyed per- dividuals who either are nearsighted, short eyeball. Because of this the fect vision. Suddenly he may discover have astigmatism, or are farsighted to image, instead of focusing on the that he cannot see so well; this may such a degree that the amount of retina, actually focuses behind it. be after an illness or period of physical focusing required is insurmountable. This produces a blur of vision. To or mental strain. What amazes him To the latter class belong the ordi- overcome this, all one has to do is to most is that he has difficulty not only nary type of farsighted eyes. accommodate. But it is not a natural in seeing things close at hand, but also

PAGE 16 LIFE AND HEALTH in seeing objects at a distance. Hav- These bend, or focus, the rays in such the near field in doing close work. The ing always had good distant vision up a manner that accommodation by the cause for the blurring is the bifocal to this time, he simply cannot believe individual is unnecessary, and he will segment occupying that portion of the that his eyes have in reality been ab- see clearly for near objects. These are glass through which we look when normal. commonly called reading glasses. walking. This would be the same as The only reason he was able to see As long as the individual does noth- looking at the floor through reading is that he had the ability to accommo- ing else but look at objects close at glasses, and as explained above, this date, but that ability has now been hand through these reading glasses, he causes any distant object to appear lost. This gradual but progressive will be quite happy. But when he blurred. The latter difficulty—a re- loss in the power of accommodation is tries to do more than this, the real stricted near field—is due to having natural and present in all of us. The trouble begins. He cannot see things only a portion of a lens for near work. farsighted individual who does not at a distance with these reading glasses If the lens in question is rather strong, wear glasses will notice it first, and —everything appears blurred. So he it is important to look through only sometimes very abruptly. Let us has to remove them. If he wants to the center of the bifocal segment. compare him with the motorist who look at his book again he must re- The modern optician can be of has his tires checked. He may not place them. Soon he will spend a great service in obtaining best results have a flat tire; yet when the me- considerable portion of his time in for a given lens. In each case there chanic pulls a nail out, the tire sud- removing and replacing his glasses, is usually a certain shape of bifocal denly goes flat. One cannot blame particularly if we are dealing with a segment which will give the least dis- the mechanic for the flat tire, because businessman. tortion. The optician will also vary the nail was there for some time. He Let us assume that this individual the size of the segment according to merely saved the motorist from some past forty-five had eyes which were not the patient's occupation, etc. News- major trouble later on. Yet some pa- normal because he required glasses for paper advertisements which claim su- tients blame a doctor who took care distance before reaching the presby- periority of a certain shape of bifocal of them during an attack of influenza, opic age. He will now carry two pairs segment over all others are not based saying that he gave them some medi- of glasses; one pair for looking at dis- on fact. Also misleading are similar cine which ruined their eyes, for they tant objects and one pair for looking advertisements that trifocals are suited for everybody. They work well in selected cases only, and are not practical when the reading glass is weak. It is a deplorable fact that some children must wear glasses. Even adults find it a nuisance, and in dealing with children we do not prescribe them unless we find a real reason for it, such as markedly impaired vision, eyestrain, eye disease of some sort, or ROBERT J. SCHILLINGER, M.D. muscle imbalance (squint). The last of these mentioned will be dealt with in a separate article. have been unable to see well since. at near Objects—replacing The question is sometimes asked, The explanation, of course, is that the one with the other. Benja- Does the wearing of glasses produce illness in question culminated a condi- min Franklin had a solution which had been present for years, tion for this problem. Uti- and the eyes simply went on a "strike," lizing one half of each one so to speak. Treatment in a case of of the lenses, he cut them this type consists in prescribing glasses in two horizontally and for constant wear. placed the distant correc- Up to this time our discussion has tion in the upper segment been limited to refractive errors of and the near correction in younger people exclusively. In deal- the lower segment. This is ing with people past forty we face an the principle used in mod- entirely different situation. Everyone ern bifocals, and it has been is familiar with the fact that older peo- found satisfactory by mil- ple need reading glasses. The rea- lions of people who can get son for this is that a normal eye loses used to them, although its power of focusing to quite an ex- there are some who never tent between the ages of forty and can. forty-five. The eyes simply cannot see The main faults of bifo- near objects, such as printed matter, cals consist of blurring of and the patient is forced to hold a the lower visual field in book farther and farther away from walking, and restriction of his eyes. This state of affairs is called presbyopia. The problem may be Benjamin Franklin, by His Inven- tion of the Bifocal Lens in 1784, solved with comparative ease by plac- Gave the Great Gift of Youthful Vision to Generations of Spectacle ing convex lenses before the eyes. Wearers

JULY, 1946 any actual change in the eye? The too strongly. Medical doctors of indicated for the first few years of answer is that glasses cause no phys- today are not nearly so reluctant in presbyopia, also in the forties, when ical change except relaxation of the accepting new methods as is com- reading glasses or bifocals are first ciliary muscle of the eyeball. The monly supposed. Eye specialists worn. wearing of glasses over certain periods would accept any method discovered Nearsightedness of the ordinary will not, in itself, enable the patient which would improve vision without type is known to become progressively to dispense with them at a later date glasses if it were basically sound. worse between the ages of about eight in a case in which visual acuity alone In conclusion, a few words should to twenty. During this time frequent is sought. The problem is not so sim- be said in regard to the frequency of eye examinations may be required. ple as that. If we are dealing with eye examinations. School children Farsightedness and astigmatism are a muscle imbalance (squint, or a who wear glasses should preferably be quite unpredictable; hence, no defi- tedency to a squint), then the wearing tested at the beginning of each school nite rule can be given as to frequency of glasses in a child may affect the ulti- year. Yearly examinations are also of examination in these cases. mate outcome. Glasses may not be needed later. However, the main benefit obtained by the wearing of glasses in adults consists in relieving and avoiding undue eyestrain, which may cause congestion and in turn Pery allow the eye to be susceptible to certain diseases. The reader may by this time be "ci YOUR disappointed because nothing has By S been said about improving vision NED H DEARBORN, Ph.D. President National Safety Council without glasses. There are people (mostly unqualified) who will for a rather exorbitant fee give certain exer- WIMMING is one of the most worth- the best possible safeguard. As long as cises calculated to improve vision while activities in which your child someone is with your child and knows without glasses. The principle in- S can engage this summer. Has he where he is, there will be assistance for volved is based on relaxation and learned how to swim? Chances are he'll him in case some trouble should arise. training in recognition. want to go swimming, whether he knows Never, under any circumstances, allow how or not. So a course of swimming your child to go swimming alone, and instruction not only will enhance his en- never swim alone yourself. joyment of the sport but will be an ex- Swimming in a pool is always super- If your friend has a heart, tremely important contribution to his vised and, therefore, comparatively safe. There is something fine in him; Cast away his darker part, safety this summer and the rest of his life. The same holds true for supervised Cling to what's divine in him. Make sure, however, that he is taught beaches, if the swimmers stay within the No life is so strong and complete, by a competent instructor, so that he will supervised area. Going farther along the But it yearns for the smile of a friend. learn the proper method of swimming beach to swim alone is simply foolhardy; —Wallace Bruce. from the very beginning. Most pools and it is just as bad as going to an unsuper- beaches today have qualified water safety vised swimming area in the first place. instructors. These are the ones to teach Although drowning is the greatest This principle is a correct one, for him, not some older friend who knows menace to the sport of swimming, sun- no matter what we do, we can do it only a streamlined dog paddle. Many burn is the persistent demon of the better when relaxed, and seeing is no bathing places conduct regular classes for beaches and pools of the country. There exception. If we see certain letters on beginners, as well as classes in lifesaving, is only one reason for its being so—over- a chart more often, we will recognize and these will be an excellent means of exposure. The sun should be taken them more easily. It is the same prin- increasing your child's swimming skill and gradually, for a person is usually burned keeping his interest high in water safety. before he realizes it. Special precautions ciple as remembering the face of an One thing that cannot be too highly acquaintance, but it would hardly should be taken with the children, who recommended to all parents is what is are usually loath to leave the beach in help us to recognize the stranger who popularly known as the "buddy system" a reasonable time. It would probably be just sat beside us on the streetcar. of swimming. It means simply taking wise to have them start their tanning The training obtained, therefore, is along a buddy when going swimming— process before they go to the beach. Few mostly psychologic, and will be of no persons can stand more than ten or fif- use in an emergency when we are far teen minutes' exposure to the hot sun the from being relaxed. It has certain first time. Then the periods Can be dangerous aspects to one whose life de- gradually increased until a good protec- pends on his eyesight, such as pilots. tive tan is formed. The popular Bates method includes Swimming, one of the most popular of many little tricks, such as "palming" summer sports, is one of the most poten- (holding the hand over the eye), tially hazardous—unless proper precau- blinking, etc., but the worst of them tions are taken. In the case of children the major share of responsibility for safety requires the patient to look at the falls on the parents. One of the best ways sun. In a preceding article we ex- of meeting this responsibility and provid- plained how this can cause serious or ing the children with a skill that may be even permanent loss of vision. We a life insurance policy in the future is to cannot caution against this procedure arrange for them to learn to swim.

PAGE 18 LIFE AND HEALTH

oteet 54"Attir A J. WAYNE McFARLAND, M.D. There are seventeen or more mineral elements in the body, thirteen of which are known to be absolutely essential. If we obtain adequate amounts of calcium, phosphorus, iron, and iodine each day in our foods, it is likely that we shall not be lacking in the other mineral elements.

CALCIUM PHOSPHORUS IRON IODINE Amount in Body 1.5% of body weight. 99% Calcium and phosphorus Total amount of iron found Only 1 /100 as much iod of this in bones. (About 21/4 comprise 95% of minerals in the body is less than the as iron in the body-less th pounds in average man.) found in bones. Twice as weight of one-cent piece. a grain of wheat. About much calcium and phosphorus About 3 grams in actual milligrams of iodine in wh in body as all other minerals weight, or .004% of body body. put together, composition.

Contributes to formation of Combined with calcium, helps Small amount of iron in all Essential to thyroid gland strong bones and teeth. form and maintain bones body cells. making a hormone wh Helps to clot blood, regulate and teeth. Most of iron in red blood cells. regulates the rate food ses heartbeat, maintain mineral Found in nucleus of each cell. burned in the body. T U Helps to form hemoglobin- hormone is important balance in all body tissues. Assists body cells to absorb red coloring matter of red food and get rid of wastes. proper growth and devel in Calcium, phosphorus, and blood cells. ment. vitamin D help prevent Abundant in nervous tissue Vital to transporting oxygen softening of bones as occurs (brain and nerve cells). to every body cell. Deficiency of iodine tau: Body in rickets. simple goiter, an enlar Found in blood stream and Insufficient iron in diet causes ment of thyroid glaru muscle tissue. anemia. prevalent around Gr Essential to normal glandular Lakes and Pacific Northw system. regions.

......

Calcium in foods is measured Phosphorus in foods is meas- Iron is measured in milli- Iodine is measured in m in grams. One ounce equals ured in grams. One ounce grams. Head of common pin grams; 1,000 milligrams - about 30 grams. equals about 30 grams. weighs about one milligram gram. ADULTS ADULTS ADULTS Daily 0.8 gm. 0.88 to 1.5 gm. 12 mg. Estimated .05 to 0.1 milligra Needs CHILDREN CHILDREN CHILDREN per day. 1.0 to 1.4 gm. 1.00 to 1.6 gm. 8-12 mg. During Pregnancy and During Pregnancy and During Pregnancy and Lactation Lactation Lactation 1.5 to 2 gm. 1.5 to 2 gm. 15-18 mg.

Grams of Calcium Grams of Phosphorus Milligrams of Iron per 100 grams per 100 grams fresh per 100 grams fresh substance substance fresh substance (100 grams - about 31/2 oz.) (100 grams about 31 2 oz.) (100 grams = about 31'2 oz.) Iodized salt Sea foods Good Milk and milk prod- Soybeans 0.66 Beans (dried) 10.5 ucts Egg yolk 0.59 Egg yolk 8.6 Green leafy vegetables gra (1 qt. of milk pro- Beans, dried 0.46 Fruits (dried): near seashore, or in soil Sources vides 1 gm. of Almonds 0.45 Apricots 7.6 depleted of iodine conic calcium) Peas, dried 0.41 Peaches 6.1 Green leafy Peanuts 0.39 Prunes 2.8 vegetables: Oatmeal 0.38 Molasses 7.3 Turnip greens 0.35 Lentils 0.38 Peas (dried, split) 5.7 Mustard greens 0.25 Whole-grain cereals, Collards 0.20 breads: Note.-Knowledge is lacki Kale 0.18 Oatmeal 5.2 of exact amounts of iodine Entire grain cereal 5.0 many foods, owing to di Molasses 0.25 Green leafy culty of measuring si Almonds 0.25 vegetables: minute quantities. Soybeans, dried 0.23 Chard, kale, Figs, dried 0.16 turnip tops 2.5-3.5 Beans, dried 0.15

CONSERVING MINER

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Using large Using small amouni amount of cooking cooking water water ,

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Storing fresh, lea' Storing fresh vegetable garden foods in a cool, in moist place place

We can get all the Vitamins, all the Minerals, all the Proteins, all the These Colorful Practical Illustrations Are Here Di k LS AND VITAMINS

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Draining Using cooking or cooking liquid canning liquid for gravies into the sink

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Discarding beet and Cooking these turnirtops anti green leaves green leaves as a vegetable on cauliflowe

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Starting Starting in cold in boiling water water

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Cooking Adding soda vegetables to green pea; properly will destroys retain color. vitamin Do not use soda

nergy values we need, from foods • • • if we learn how to use them layed Through the Courtesy of General Mills, Inc.

VITAMIN CHART* A By HAROLD M. WALTON, M.D. RECOMMENDED DAILY VITAMIN FUNCTION IN BODY VALUABLE SOURCES ALLOWANCES

Essential for normal growth Fish-liver oil Adults 5,000 units A and development, normal tooth Butter and cream Children: formation, proper functioning Whole milk 1- 6 yrs. 2,000-2,500 " Exists as pre-formed of the body, healthy skin and Egg yolk vitamin A in fish-liver 6-10 yrs. 2,500-3,500 " mucous membranes. Yellow corn 10-12 yrs. 4,500 " oil, milk fat, and eggs. Winter squash Found in nature, Prevents development of nutri- Carrots Approximate values: as the orange-yellow tional night blindness. Sweet potatoes Milk, 1 quart 1,500.2,000 units Green leafy vegetables Egg yolk 800 pigment carotene, Apricots, dried (4 halves) 1,500 PP which is changed into Tomatoes Potatoes, sweet (1 medium) 4,500 Apricots Carrots (1 medium) 11,000 vitamin A in the body. PP Yellow peaches Butter (1 tbs.) 400

Essential for normal growth, Wheat germ Adults L2-2.0 mg. t B1 proper utilization of sugars and Dried brewers' yeast Children: starches, normal functioning of Whole-grain cereals 1- 6 yrs. 0.4-0.8 mg. or Thiamin, one frac- the nervous system, maintenance Green leafy vegetables 7-10 yrs. 0.8-1.0 mg. tion of B complex. of appetite, normal tone and Milk 10-12 yrs. 1.2 mg. Widely distributed in functioning of the digestive Legumes nature, especially in tract. Citrus fruits Muscular activity, pregnancy, and lac- the germ of cereals Bananas tation increase need for thiamin. and in the outer layers Deficiency leads to serious im- Apples Approximate values: of whole grains. pairment in function of nerv- Avoid overcooking. Serve food Bread, 100% whole wheat ous, circulatory, and digestive (6 slices) 0.45 mg. systems, and ultimately to poly- immediately. Use cooking fluids. Whole-wheat cereal (1 oz. dry) 0.15 mg. neuritis and beriberi. Soda added to vegetables in- Beans, navy, dry ('/2 c cooked) 0.27 mg. creases destruction of thiamin. Soybeans, dry (1/2 c cooked) 0.40 mg.

Essential for normal growth and Green leafy vegetables Adults 1.6-2.6 mg. B2 development; and along with Milk and cheese Children: other fractions of the B com- Wheat germ 1- 6 yrs. 0.6-0.9 mg. or Riboflavin. Found plex, for utilization of food Eggs 7-10 yrs. 0.9-1.2 mg. in wide variety of energy. Involved specifically in Citrus fruits 10.12 yrs. 1.2-1.8 mg. plant and animal process of oxidation within the Bananas foods. cells of the body. Tomatoes Approximate values: Apricots Bread, 100% whole wheat Deficiency leads to skin lesions (6 slices) 0.16 mg. Heat-stable fraction of Brewers' yeast Broccoli (3 stalks with buds) 0.4 mg. B complex. about the face and mouth, and Milk, whole (1 quart) 1.8 mg. digestive disturbances. Turnip greens (/2 c cooked) 0.4 mg.

...•••••••411. Essential for normal growth and Milk Adults 12-20 mg. Niacin development. Associated with Green leafy vegetables Children: other B vitamins in utilization Wheat germ (Nicotinic acid) 1- 6 yrs. 4- 8 mg. of food energy. Tomatoes 6-10 yrs. 8-10 mg. Brewers' yeast 10-12 yrs. 12 mg. Found in natural Deficiency is associated with de- foods in only small Approximate values: amounts. velopment of pellagra, which is characterized by sore tongue, Milk, 1 quart 1.6 mg. Bread, 100% whole wheat dermatitis, and digestive dis- (6 slices) 5.1 mg. turbance. Bread, white enriched (6 slices) 3.8 mg. Potato, sweet, one small 1.9 mg.

Essential for normal growth and Oranges Adults 75.100 mg. C development, maintenance of Lemons Children: (Ascorbic acid) practically all body tissues, espe- Grapefruit (raw or canned) 1- 6 yrs. 30-50 mg. cially those having to do with Tomatoes (raw or canned) 7-10 yrs. 50-60 mg. Widely distributed in joint structures, the ligaments, Green leafy vegetables 10-12 yrs. 75 mg. natural staple foods, bones, teeth, and gums. Potatoes especially among Cantaloupes Approximate values: Deficiency leads to weakness, Orange juice, 1/2 cup 60 mg. fruits, particularly cit- anemia, hemorrhages under the Strawberries Mangoes Grapefruit, 1/2 50 mg. rus fruits. skin, tender bleeding gums, etc., Tomatoes, fresh (1 medium) 30 mg. Pineapples Tomato juice, 1/2 c fresh or canned 30 mg. which are characteristic of Baked potato, 1 large 12 mg. scurvy. Green cabbage (I c shredded) 40 mg.

1•••••••••••••••••••••••••P Essential for normal growth and Fish-liver oil Adults 400-800 units D development. Promotes use of Low concentrations in egg yolk, Children: Natural food sources calcium and phosphorus in for- cream, and butter 1-12 yrs. 400-800 " mation of bones and teeth. Milk may be enriched of vitamin D are Approximate values: meager. Especially needed for infants, Sunlight or ultraviolet rays from children, and women during special lamps acting on the Milk, whole, fortified with vitamin 13, 1 quart 400 pregnancy and lactation. skin Standard fish-liver oil, 1 tsp. 340 Deficiency leads to rickets. or more

,...... rylinal••••••••••11.4,41,41•••••••••Y * NOTE.—This chart does not cover all the vitamins or the various factors concerned with each one. It is felt that if the diet provides adequate amounts of the vitamins listed in the chart along with the other essentials for optimum nutrition, the other vitamins will be amply supplied. t Milligram. out the invaluable few hours of respite that can be taken off and hinged to afforded by refrigeration. One case fit above the adult toilet seat when was that of a man who suffered ampu- baby is two to three years of age. The tation of both legs by a train. "By little chair can be given a solid wood packing the stumps in ice [the patient] seat and used as a chair when the child was enabled to respond to restorative has outgrown it as a potty chair. The SUNSTROKE measures and undergo successful oper- youngster of two is fascinated with the THE sunstroke victim complains of ation after fifty-eight hours, the ability to climb. Light, easily carried fatigue, dizziness, and dry skin, and mangled tissues remaining perfectly steps, giving access to the toilet seat or has a rising temperature—as high as fresh." washbasin, will make going to the 107 or 108° F. Refrigeration keeps the tissues from toilet a game. The child should wash Avoid sunstroke by occasional rests deteriorating until the patient can hands before and after going to the in the shade when work in the sun is have his resistance built up. More- toilet. This keeps him from taking necessary. When sunstroke occurs, over, he is saved further shock, for the germs to and away from himself, and remove the victim to a cool shady is an important habit to develop for place, off the ground if possible. Ap- life. Steps serve to help him to reach ply compresses to the head, neck, the faucet and brush his teeth and chest, and wrists. REPRINTS hang up his toothbrush. But be sure Spray cold water a little at a time The colorful center spread he cannot reach the medicine cabinet. over the body and rub constantly to in this issue, including the Establishing the dry habit at night stimulate circulation. Two or three charts on minerals and vita- requires much the same routine as es- persons are needed for quick treat- mins, may be obtained at tablishing it during the day. The ment, and everything possible should 10 cents a copy. bladder should be emptied at bedtime. be done to cool the victim without 6 to 25 copies, 7c each Restlessness at night is often due to delay. Temperature should be taken 25 to 100 copies, 5c each wet bedclothes, which should be changed at once. Never allow baby every two minutes until fever is down Address, Life and Health, Ta- to 103° F. koma Park, Washington 12, D.C. to become accustomed to wetness. Two mistakes are frequently made Later in the training period he may in the treatment of sunstroke—vic- be restless and cry out before he wets tims are often removed long distances the bed. It is then time to put him on to hospitals without resorting to cool- cold serves as a wonderful anesthetic, the "toidy" to empty his bladder. He ing measures at once, and not enough and the heart need not suffer added should be awake when he is taken to rubbing or friction is applied to the strain. The ability of patients to en- the bathroom, for if he urinates when body.—Extension Service, University joy full meals immediately before and half asleep he is learning the very of Illinois College of Agriculture. after refrigeration surgery illustrates habit that should be overcome. the difference from other methods. Bed-wetting that continues beyond The treatment of shock by reducing the age of three is usually due to psy- REFRIGERATION IN SHOCK the body temperature is precisely op- chological factors such as a faulty emo- TREATMENT of shock by refrigera- posite to the tradition of blankets, hot- tional situation or a failure in proper tion is a revolutionary technic which water bottles, and electric light cradles. training. Occasionally such bed-wet- has developed during the last six years. According to the authors "both clini- ting is due to some physical disability. Doctors Lyman Weeks Crossman cal and experimental observations now Therefore, it is advisable to have a and Frederick M. Allen, both from the leave no doubt that the difference be- medical examination to rule out any City Hospital of New York, writing in tween high and low environmental or kidney or bladder trouble. If the The Journal of the American Medical bodily temperatures can amount to physical condition proves to be nor- Association, say that cold reduces pain the differences between life and death mal, then the following suggestions are and swelling, preserves injured tissue, in shock." in order: restrains infection until the patient is Refrigeration retards shock, afford- 1. Avoid excitement and anything strong enough to undergo an opera- ing a greater length of time for other in the program of the day that causes tion, and serves as a shockless anes- treatment and better ability to respond a nervous high-tension reaction. thetic in surgery. Shock is a profound to it. Within limits the lengthened 2. Be sure that the child's bladder depression of bodily functions caused survival can be converted into perma- is emptied each night before he goes by injury or strong emotion. nent recovery by the simple adminis- to bed. Several shock cases cited by the tration of fluids by mouth or by salt 3. Reduce the fluids in the diet after authors would have proved fatal with- solution injected beneath the skin. 5 P.M. 4. Avoid all rich or highly spiced foods, coffee, cocoa, or chocolate. Baby Learns of Bathroom made with an elastic at the waist—not 5. Awaken the child and have him Privileges too tight—are handiest for the small walk to the bathroom each night be- child. Clothing that buttons and un- fore the usual time of wetting the bed. (Continued f wat page 11) buttons can be managed successfully 6. Remember that rewards and never be built up by leaving on wet by most children three years of age. A praise for keeping the bed dry are al- ones. Diapers should be discarded for potty chair that is comfortable, acces- ways more effective than scolding and panties early in the training period. sible, and suitable to the child's age punishing for wetting. From no Clothing should be used that can be and sex should be chosen. A potty angle is punishment profitable or de- managed easily by the child. Panties chair can be built with a seat on hinges sirable. JULY, 1948 PAGE 23 Conducted by CAROLINE EELLS KEELER

Homemaking—A Career Packed Full of Adventure, Love, and Work

Please enclose a stamped addressed envelope when writing to th is Department. Address Housewife's Corner, LIFE AND AI 111, Takoma Park, Washington 12, D.C.

She Is Kind had gone, he went down and got the delectable. If you peel the banana and No higher tribute could be paid to book. That was a sermon one could see. then run the prongs of the fork length- anyone than those simple words, She is Some say it is not always easy to be wise, pressing gently into the banana as kind. A mother wrote me not long ago kind. It is not easy to be unkind. Try you do so before slicing, the dessert will about her teen-age daughter, who, while it, and you will not find a bed of roses. be a little more decorative, but not a whit slow about getting ready for school, is We treat others with courtesy, not because more delicious. s kind. How fortunate this mother is. they are ladies or gentlemen, but because Mashed bananas added to frozen cus- Kindness is a wonderful asset; a kind per- we are. tard, or sliced bananas and sliced pine- son never lacks friends. She is so busy apple with chopped pecans and some being kind that she doesn't notice any shredded coconut, with a little whipped little slights or frowns, but goes her gentle cream, is something else. And a banana way, leaving a silver trail of gladness. milkshake you must try. For this latter Jesus was kind. He drew people to Him treat you must have a fully ripe banana, by His gentleness and kindness. Little Canning Peas with a good sprinkling of brown spots. Mash the banana and beat until smooth children who tired of others hurried to For canning peas the Ball Company Jesus. The poor outcast who was and creamy, then add the milk and mix tells us to be sure the peas are just freshly shunned by all the smugly righteous found thoroughly with an egg beater. And if gathered and that they are green; don't kindness and understanding in His pres- you want something extra add a scoop of use peas that are old and off color. Wash ence. Great people are always kind. One ice cream, a sort of banana milkshake the pods and drain. After you have shelled of my favorite stories of Lincoln is the super. the peas, grade them for size. Rinse the one about his putting the baby bird back If a recipe calls for a cup of mashed peas, then cover with boiling water and into the nest. bananas, you should plan on buying two let them boil three minutes if they are Not long ago a popular magazine car- large bananas or three of medium size. A small, or five if peas are of larger size. ried the story of a woman who was pros- cup of sliced bananas will take a large Have your Ball jars hot when you put the perous and had lovely clothes, but when banana or 11/2 of medium size. If you peas into the jars, which is the next step. she went to visit a less prosperous friend are allowed only three pounds of bananas You will want to put one teaspoonful of in the hospital she wore clothes that would at the store, you should plan on picking salt into each quart jar. If you have a not make the sick one feel her poverty. up about nine or ten, depending on the pressure canner, the smaller peas should A girl who had finished business col- size. be processed for 50 minutes at 10 pounds' lege by dint of much hard labor on her Apples pressure; the larger peas need 60 minutes part and on the part of her mother, found The summer apples are ready now; the at the same pressure. If you use a hot- herself the shabbily dressed one in an old favorite yellow transparent or some water bath, the smaller peas should be office. The next day another girl, evi- similar kind is probably in the market in processed 3 hours, and the larger peas 31/2 your town. I don't know of any more dently equally poor, made friends with hours. the new girl. At once the new girl found popular dessert than applesauce. You So off to your canning adventure. You herself one of the office; she no longer felt might try, however, putting three cups may wish to can some rhubarb. The queer and out of place. But when she was of unsweetened applesauce into a well- canning manuals will tell you how. Some able to buy herself some becoming busi- buttered casserole. Sprinkle over this a of that nice green Swiss chard from your ness clothes, oddly enough this other girl dressing made of one cup of finely rolled garden will be good for next winter's blossomed out as one of the smartly graham cracker crumbs, a half cup of meals. dressed girls. She had kept the new girl sugar, and some finely chopped pecans. company until she "got on her feet." Bake in a medium oven until this top Would we do that, or would we flaunt Summer Desserts dressing is crispy brown, then serve with our prosperity? Bananas cream. A minister was preparing his sermon THE little banana in its yellow suit Pineapples, Too and needed a certain book which was never before knew it was so popular or A pineapple makes a beautiful table downstairs. Calling his little daughter that ladies would wait for its arrival in decoration when put in the fruit bowl from her play, he carefully explained the store and dive almost headfirst into with other fruit, but its stay there probably where she would find the book, and asked the banana crate the minute the clerk set will be brief. We long for its luscious, her to bring it to him. Gladly she skipped it down. I have just looked through a tangy coolness, until we simply have to pre- downstairs and returned with a book. At recipe book giving many recipes for pare it for eating. It's ripe when it has a first glance he saw it was not the book, bananas, but don't serve me bananas fried real pineapple smell, and a bronze-orange but there was such loving-kindness in her or broiled or baked. When I eat bananas color. But your nose will tell you when little face that he could only stoop and I want to really taste them. Bananas and a pineapple is right for eating. kiss her and thank her. Then when she cream with a little drizzle of honey are (Continued on page 36) PAGE 24 LIFE AND HEALTH "Send Wheaties, please"

GOOD IDEA... FLAKES SINCE WHEATIES ARE OF NOURISHING WHOLE WHEAT! A "BA SIC SEVEN TYPE FOOD " Three important B vitamins thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin.in Wheatie wheat amounts. Fu ll Whole Iron and phosphorus, wheat amounts too. Full to well-being, of these minerals whole essential Protein, also. Ad t which whole wheatn fahe food is energy for So isn't it mous. fine that these crunchy ready- Whento-eat flakes taste so good? Wh America's favorite whole wheat flakes.eaties Try are and you'11 see why! General Mills, Inc.

"Wheaties" and "Breakfast of Champions" are registered trade marks of General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota.

JULY, 1946 In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH PAGE 25 ANSWERS QUESTIONS

We do not diagnose or treat disease by mail. Enclose stamped, addressed reply envelope. Replies mlrie only to letters from bona fide subscribers. Address Family Physician, LIFE AND HEALTH, Takoma Park, Washington 12, D.C.

High Blood Pressure natural oil or fat, to good advantage. We Tuberculosis "I am a man forty-eight years old. I would suggest as a suitable fat which is "I am writing for information about a weigh 335 pounds. I am 5 feet 10 inches. nonirritating to the skin, hydrous lanolin. neighbor man who has tuberculosis. He My blood pressure is 210. I love to eat. This can be purchased in small quantities coughs continually and spits on the I do not drink, but I smoke. I would like and applied as needed. The baby's ground. There are quite a few small chil- some hints on correcting my high blood bowels should be kept open, of course, dren playing around in the neighborhood. pressure." preferably by food rather than medica- Can the disease be contracted from one in tion. this condition? Whom should I see about By bringing the weight down to nor- In a problem of this kind it is much this?" mal one can normalize the blood pressure, to your advantage to be in close contact and add many years to the life span. with your family physician or pediatrician, Continued coughing and expectoration No doubt a good resolution for you would so that he can observe the changes occur- by a person who has an active case of be to lose 100 pounds. The 800-calorie ring in the skin, accompanying changes tuberculosis is a menace in any commu- reducing diet is free of all rich and stimu- in habits of life, selection of food, etc., nity. The disease may spread rapidly to lating foods such as are often restricted out of which may grow the only real others. Such a one should be taught to in cases of this kind. You should ask your solution in treatment. take proper care of himself and to avoid doctor about its use in your case. You exposing others; or he should be placed are probably aware that the use of to- Halitosis in an institution where his condition can bacco is injurious to the heart and other "For years I have had bad breath, and be adequately treated. If your local organs of the body and that the better (or health officer does not manifest any inter- some of the best) athletes and aviators am eager to know what causes this condition." est in this case, the matter can be reported shun it because it lessens efficiency. Many to the county or State health officials, and give up smoking. Chewing gum relieves In attempting to eliminate bad breath, they will usually investigate and offer the desire for a smoke. A drink of cold or halitosis, you should give attention to suitable help. There are very few health water serves the same purpose. the bowels—see that they are functioning departments nowadays that will not follow regularly and easily—and do everything up a case of tuberculosis very promptly, Eczema you can to improve digestion so that ab- as there are means of adequate care avail- "Our son, fifteen months of age, for normal gases and chemical products are able, and every person suffering from this six months suffered from eczema and then not formed. Check the tonsils and teeth disease should have the opportunity for it disappeared. Now his face, head, and closely, to see that there is no infection the best that is known and of suitable care arms are again covered with eczema. Is or active decay present in them. The to bring about a recovery if possible. there a cure for this?" sinuses also should be inspected, for re- The question you ask opens a whole tained mucus may become putrid and of- Bowlegged Child field of discussion, and a doctor, espe- fensive. Chronic bronchitis or chest in- "My daughter of thirteen is slightly cially one who has not seen the child, fections often add an odor to the breath. bowlegged. Is it possible to correct this has as many chances, if not more, of miss- Drink plenty of water so that the kidneys deformity? I believe the cause was due ing the nail as he has of striking it on the will function actively, thus removing poi- to her being on her feet at a young age sons from the blood stream. Personal head. (eight months), and she was also a very Eczema in young children is usually cleanliness, of course, should be practiced. chubby baby. I cannot believe that the due to some form of disturbed nutrition. Attention to these items will go far toward fault lies in her diet." Very commonly food, or inadequate di- freeing most individuals of this unfortu- The probabilities are that the bowing gestion of food, lies at the base of the nate symptom. of your daughter's legs is not the product trouble. For this reason a very careful of anything which she has done. It is study of the child's diet, what foods Liver Spots more likely due to inadequate nourish- were given him when he was free from "What is the cause of brown blotches ment before birth. Practically all cases- eczema, and what ones were introduced on the face and neck, which some call of bowed legs and knocked knees, which into his diet when the condition returned, liver spots? Is there any way to erase come from bending bones, are due to pre- are observations that will lead to helpful them?" natal bone conditions. A great many deductions in choosing his diet. Of So-called liver spots, or liver blotches, women, unfortunately, without knowing course, local applications to the skin may are areas of increased pigment that ap- it, do not give their children good bones be helpful in counteracting actual irrita- pear usually about middle life or after. at the beginning of life. There is more tion or inflammation that has resulted They doubtless are of metabolic origin, fiction than truth, I believe, in the idea from this condition. affecting the pigment deposits in the skin. that a child starts walking too soon and Has he been exposed to wind or draft We do not understand what causes them, thus bends his legs by his weight. A when his skin was damp? This is im- and no treatment is known that will re- child is probably his own best guide as portant at this season of the year. Ex- move them. They are not a menace to to when he should walk, and if his bones posed skin may be treated with a bland one's general health. have been properly formed prior to birth

PAGE 26 LIFE AND HEALTH and properly nourished in his early months, there is not much likelihood that More than a Food—a Great Aid to there will be any bending or bowing of them ffom supporting his weight. It is possible, at her age, that braces might yet Better Health and Longer Life— •do a little, under the guidance of an orthopedic surgeon, but I would not encourage you to expect very much in the way of correction. A diet high in vita- GENUINE BULGARIAN YOGURT min D and calcium and phosphorus is essential in the formation of good bones. The value of Yogurt as a milk-food is widely acknowledged. But it has far more Underweight THE OF health-significance: it introduces into the ABC gastro-intestinal tract "friendly" lactic acids "1 have lost twenty-six pounds in the which combat abnormal and unhealthy five years I have been married, seeming BULGARIAN YOGURT conditions of the intestinal tract, particu- to lose most of my weight in my legs. larly putrefaction. What can I do for this?" 9. What is Yogurt? This was the theory evolved by Metchnikoff, Putting on weight is very much like A. Yogurt is a cultured milk-food putting money in a savings bank. We famed for centuries by health- famed Russian microbiologist, Nobel Prize can place it there only when we have wise people the world over. winner and Director of the Pasteur Insti- more than is needed in the current busi- tute of Paris. His theory has stood the test How does Yogurt taste? ness of the day. So if you want to gain 9. of time. The problem has been to secure weight you must eat more than the A. Yogurt has a refreshing, tart a Culture pure, potent, dependable; for no average person of your height and weight taste all its own. Most Ameri- Yogurt can possibly be any better than the cans prefer it sweetened. You Culture from which it is made. would eat. In addition, you must eat a just add a bit of sugar, honey, little more than this, because, being thin, jam or preserves. Others like Thanks to costly pioneer work at the you lose relatively more heat per pound it straight—just as it comes Rosen Institute of Canada, this problem of body weight than the person of normal from the jar. And, as a top- has been solved; and the Culture we offer ping for fruits, vegetables. you (and for which we have the exclusive weight. salads, it's a new taste-adven- You say your health is good. This ture! American rights) is guaranteed to make being so, you should specialize on eating Genuine Bulgarian Yogurt. Ask for it at more and digesting more. A product that Q. What is the nutritive value of your health-food store. If your dealer isn't will assist you in accomplishing this is Yogurt? Is it fattening? supplied, use the quick-action coupon below. vitamin-B complex. Using it daily seems A. Yogurt supplies all the well- to stimulate the appetite and aid in the balanced minerals (especiall \ calcium, phosphorus) vitamins assimilation of foods. and proteins of milk in easy- to-digest form. Yet, a full cup of Yogurt supplies only about 180 calories and therefore is non-fattening. Doctor, Do I Need Vitamins? Q. What will Yogurt do for my (Continued from page 15) health? ters," as we call it, there is a distinct A. Yogurt is beneficial to an irri- possibility that these symptoms may table and inflamed intestinal tract. It retards the growth be due to a lack of vitamin B. In that of toxins. Most people suffer- case liberal amounts of vitamin B may ing from digestive disorders be very helpful. will benefit by including a cup PATIENT: I think, doctor, you'd bet- or more a day in the diet. ter tell me where to get some vitamin Q. Is Yogurt alkaline or acid in B quick. its effect? DOCTOR: Indeed I will. In fact, A. It is rich in lactic acids which vitamin B is widely found in natural have an alkaline reaction in the body. Also, because foods. But some of the richest Yogurt helps to maintain "in- sources are dried brewers' yeast, yeast side health" it is a natural aid extracts, whole-grain cereals, such as to "outside health" (the skin oatmeal, wheat, and rice. Vitamin B and complexion). is also found in dried beans; and peas Q. Is Yogurt good for children, ex- are good sources; fresh fruits and pectant mothers, convalescents International Yogurt Company and the aged? (Dept. H) 147 N. La Cienega Blvd. vegetables, too, but in lesser amounts. Beverly Hills, Calif. [Check one or both] And one of the important members A. Yes—it is easily digested and assimilated; hence ideal for n Attached is $1.80. Send me enough Genuine of the vitamin B family, thiamin (vita- delicate stomachs and also for L--1 Bulgarian Culture to make a full month's sup- ), may be lost in cooking people allergic to milk. ply of Yogurt. Also include detailed instructions min Bt on how to make it at home. through overheating, or lost in, the 9. Does Yogurt have any added El Send me free the romantic health-story of water. value as a laxative? '—' Yogurt. PATIENT: Doctor, from the list you A. Because of its pronounced NAME give, I guess we'll find our vitamins in regulative effect it is a natural STREET that garden at home. It sounds as if way to combat constipation. we have a gold mine and didn't know CITY STATE it until now. JULY, 1946 In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH PAGE 27 ci

Conducted by BELLE WOOD COMSTOCK, M.D.

Questions for this department should be addressed to the Mother's Counselor, LIFE AND HEALTH, Takoma Park, Washington 12, D.C. Always enclose stamped, addressed reply envelope.

Training a Three-Year-Old that regard are negative. You can always probably would be better both for you "I should like to ask your help on two get results if you stick only to negative and for the little fellow if you would take matters. I have a boy aged three years requests. When it comes to making him him up once when you go to bed, and who is very well trained during the day- do something, that is a different matter. then both of you sleep through till morn- time. He will tell me or go to the bath- If, for instance, you were trying to have ing. With less worry he might surprise room by himself, but at night he soaks him pick up his clothes, it would be bet- you by keeping dry many times. himself. I have tried waking him and ter for you to say, "Let us put these things taking him to the bathroom, but he won't away," and do it with him in a happy, Small Boy's Diet stand long enough, but just lately I've cheerful manner as if you had no idea of "My little boy is three years old. Should been using a bottle in his room, and he his refusing. On the other hand, if he he eat what we adults eat at the table? will void in that. In order to have him insists on taking something you have told Should I prepare his food separate from dry in the morning I have to waken him him to let alone, it is a very simple matter ours? Please tell me What he should eat two or three times a night. In fact, he for you to put the article away or have each day, how much, and also how often urinates more often at night than in the him stay in his room a little while. But his meals should be." daytime. Doesn't waking him that often whatever you do, do not show irritation Your little boy should be on three meals break his sleep too much? in any way. Say to him, "These little a day and can eat the regular meals at the "He is very hard to make mind. I am hands just can't seem to let this alone, regular time served for the family. This, at my wit's end with him. I've tried so we will have to put it, or him, where of course, presupposes that your family whipping him very hard, putting him in he can't reach it. When he gets to be a meals are healthful and well balanced. his room, taking a toy away from him, but big boy then he can make his hands mind Breakfast should be fruit, cereal food of nothing seems to help. He insists on not himself." some kind, and milk. Egg, if desired, but taking a nap, and I know he is too young Now as to the nap. It is impossible to this is not necessary every day. Cereal to go without one, but usually by the make a child go to sleep, but you can put may be omitted if the egg is served. It time he happens to fall asleep, it is sup- him in his bed for an hour every day. If depends, of course, on the appetite. pertime. I hope you can straighten us he fusses or cries, let him fuss and cry. Sugar should not be used on cereal, but out." Don't let it bother you. A system of honey may be used on bread. Butter You must remember that your little boy rewards would be all right. For example, should be used sparingly. Some cream is is only three years of age. He is still a if he should go to sleep you could have allowable, but it is better if the cream is baby, and the fact that he wets the bed something that he likes very much when taken from the top of the bottle and the suggests that he is a nervous child. he wakes up. But whatever the plan is, remaining milk used for drinking. It is possible that during the day he be happy and gay, and don't by your atti- Cereal can be varied in many ways, as: builds up a great deal of antagonism tude develop in him a feeling of deter- milk toast, plain bread and milk, or bread toward his disciplinary training, and this, mination to have his own way. and honey with milk to drink. Flour and of course, increases his nervousness—also Children are very apt to get the idea cereals should be whole grain or enriched. his tendency to wet the bed. It is very that this matter of obeying is simply a sort Waffles or pancakes made with dark flour important that he be gently guided rather of game to see which wins out—mother or or corn meal for a change are all right if than severely disciplined. child; and with 'this attitude the child eaten with honey or applesauce rather We sometimes expect too much of our nearly always gets the advantage. Life than the usual butter and sirup. small children, and it is very important can be made so hard for these little people Dinner, noon or night, should include that resentment and antagonism not be that their only defense is the enjoyment vegetables freely, cooked to preserve the allowed to develop in their emotional that they may obtain from getting the vitamin value. The seasoning should make-up. Try enjoying him day by day, best of their elders. preferably be only salt and perhaps milk having fun with him. Tell him what a I might add that with a certain type of or cream. Cottage cheese, milk, and but- good little boy he is, and avoid the issues nervous system a child will wet the bed termilk are valuable. Fibrous fruit in in connection with making him mind. in spite of anything that can be done, and most cases is better not served with a The longer you carry on without accom- it is a mistake to make too much of an vegetable meal but the purees or fruit plishing anything, the more difficult it issue over this, annoying as it may be. whips are easily digested and usually will be ever to gain his co-operation, and Always be sympathetic with him in regard combine well with the vegetables served. he may become a much greater problem to it. Dessert had better be simple, perhaps just in the future than he is now. The morning washing should be done bread and honey, or fruit purees, fruit In making him mind, avoid positive happily. This will have a much more whips, jello, or custard sweetened by ad- commands; for example, a positive com- beneficial effect than all the protests you dition of fruits, as raisins, dates, etc., in- mand would be for him to "pick up his may make. Some otherwise very normal stead of sugar. Nuts, if chewed thor- playthings." A negative command would children wet the bed till twelve or thir- oughly, are all right, also olives, avocados, be to tell him not to touch a valuable teen years, at which time it is practically etc. Supper should be simple, as fruit, vase. If he tends to meddle with some- always outgrown. The right kind of home bread, and milk; fruit, soup, and toast; or thing he shouldn't, your instructions in atmosphere is the best treatment. It some similar combination.

PAGE 28 LIFE AND HEALTH MMES ME 03

MEATLESS, YET DELICIOUS !

On hot, muggy summer days, how often you've longed for a tasty dish that would give your dulled appetite a perking- up. At such times, serve Battle Creek Protose, Soy Protose, or Saucettes foods and watch your family react to their delicious, meat-like flavor! Garnished with Battle Creek Savita you find there's no better way to stimulate lagging summer appetites. Serve these Battle Creek Products just as you would meat. Protose is a splendid source of vegetable protein, made from nuts and the gluten from grains. In consistency, it resembles potted meats and may be served cold, or as savory steaks, roasts or cro- quettes. Nuttose is made from choice nuts and can be prepared as you would any regular meat dish. May be served cold right from the can. Soy Protose is a blend of wheat gluten and soy beans, rich in iron and protein. Savita is a tasty meat-like vegetable flavoring for soups, gravies and sandwiches. Each of these tasty foods are both good for you and good to eat — and they are quick and easy to prepare . . . no long hours over a hot stove! Serve a Battle Creek Meatless meal today — find out how tasteful such a meal can be! Available at your Health Food Store or Health Food sections in Department, Gro- cery and leading Drug Stores.

LACTO DEXTRIN • "ZO" • FOOD FERRIN

ALL OVER THE NATION • THERE'S Atitie HEALTH IN STORE FOR YOU e•-•xoci- 'ontficung

LEADERS IN HEALTH FOODS Write today for the Battle Creek Health Food Stores and Health FOR OVER HALF A CENTURY recipe book which includes sug- Food sections in Department, gestions for preparing Battle Grocery and Drug Stores are BATTLE CREEK. MICH. Creek meatless meals. You'll find it informative and a definite making a vital contribution to J' the job of keeping America guide to better health! Write • BRAN & FIG FLAKES • LD-LAX • PROTOSE • Dept. LH-6„ Battle Creek Food strong. Co., Battle Creek, Mich.

JULY, 1946 In replying to mkertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH PAGE 29 UST FOR BOYS 40 GIRLS. Conducted by VEDA S. MARSH, R.N.

The Little Jay Chefs

T WAS Fourth of July morning. After putting the lettuce to soak in icy the center I'll put this tiny round dish Mother and Tommy were out on the water, she scrapes the thinnest skin off of mayonnaise and my little spoon. Cut- I front porch. Frequently Tommy the tiny carrots with her magic mit. How ting the carrots into little slices and soak- would run out in the yard to help Daddy crisp and golden they are—and sweet as ing them in ice water will make crisp and then back he would come to chat with sugar. For a surprise she has a small pile carrot sticks. I'll put a pile of them Mother. of pea pods, crisp and tender. She will here, and the pea pods on the opposite Mother hardly knew what to do with use a few of them, pods and all in her side. The eggs are stuffed, and the ripe herself. Always before she was so busy salad. olives are drained. I'll fix piles of onions on Fourth of July morning getting a good Now for the onions—tender green ones. and olives, and put the stuffed eggs and dinner or a picnic dinner ready for - the As Mother steps into the room, tears are the radish roses around the outside of the family that she hardly had time to visit trickling down Joan's cheeks. Onions dish." with Daddy at all. But it was different will do that. "That will be very attractive," said today. Mother had been sent out of the Mother smiles as she says, "What makes Mother. "Tommy and I will set the table kitchen by the Little Jays, for they were my little salad maker so sad this happy, on the porch." to cook and serve the dinner today. lovely Fourth of July morning? Cheer As Mother hurried away she could not Of course they had to let Mother know up, Joan. Don't be so sad." help thinking how much value the Vic- what they were doing, for they did need• Joan laughs heartily through her tears tory garden was to her family. The Little help and advice from time to time, but as she asks, "Mother, why do onions make Jays had become much more interested in Joan would not tell even John what she us cry?" cooking, and each member of the family was making and John didn't say a word "They have an oil that we call a vola- was developing a healthy tan and rosy to Joan about what his plans were. tile oil. That means it can evaporate cheeks. I heard her murmur, "What a John was using the regular kitchen and float around in the air. It carries a blessing a Victory Garden can bel" with the stove, while Joan was bustling certain acid with it which is very irritat- around in the summer kitchen, where ing to the delicate tissues of the eyes. If you could hear considerable splashing you wash and trim the onions under junior Life & Health League water, the oil cannot escape and reach going on. Rules It was to be a real Victory garden din- your eyes so easily." 1. I take two baths each week. ner. Daddy always said a really good "I am certainly going to try that," said 2. I brush my teeth twice daily. 3. I drink milk every day. (Preferably 1 qt. daily.) Northern garden should have new peas Joan. "I don't want my eyes all red for 4. I wash my hands before eating. 5. I eat daily: vegetables, fruits (fresh or dried), and new potatoes ready to eat by July dinner. Mother, what is John cooking whole-wheat or enriched bread, and nothing between four. Much hoeing and effort day by day that smells so good?" meals. 6. I play or work out of doors six days a week when had brought the desired results. "That is for you to guess," laughed weather permits. Mother. "Remember this is a Secret 7. I try to be courteous and cheerful at all times, John was cooking the potatoes and and do one good deed for someone each day. peas together. What delicious odors were Dinner." "Mother," continued Joan in a whis- Pledge coming out the windows that lovely sum- I have read the rules of the Junior Life and Health mer morning. per so John, who was in the next room, League, and have been observing them for two weeks. I shall continue to observe them, and will read the Boys In another kettle he had some beets. could not possibly hear what she said, and Girls' page each month. Please enroll me as a He almost forgot Mother's instructions even though the door was shut, "Mother, member of the Junior Life and Health League for the school year 1945-46. I understand I am to receive a not to peel them before cooking. What will you watch me make a radish rose, to beautifully engraved membership card. if he had peeled them and allowed all be sure I remember how to make them?" Directions the red goodness to drain out of them "Surely," said Mother. Copy the above pledge in your own handwriting and sign your name (very plainly). Then write your into the water! Everyone would have Joan picked up a nice round red radish address and the name of your father or mother. Mail known what he had done wrong. No. with a white tip. "Isn't that a beauty, this to Aunt Sue, LIFE AND HEALTH, Takoma Park, They were bubbling in among the beet Mother? I didn't know vegetables could Washington 12, D.C. green leaves, still wrapped snugly in their be so interesting. But when you work in red jackets. the garden day after day and watch them Shall we take a peek at Joan? In a grow from tiny seeds to crisp red radishes, stiffly starched pinafore apron she makes they almost seem like real people to you." Relaxing Exercises a darling little housewife. Pan after pan She quickly snipped off the root and seems to be filled with crisp, brightly made little slices into the sides row after (Continued from page 13) colored vegetables. She even has some row, that allowed the outer part to fold Having learned the sensation of heads of fresh, firm lettuce from her back, resembling rose petals. tenseness in the forepart of the arm on Cutting out the stem "Well done," said Mother. "I'll be very own garden. bending the elbow and having learned end, she puts the head under the faucet recommending you to the Waldorf-Astoria to relax it, the rest of the period is and lets a gentle stream of water run into Hotel. Is there anything else you need?" the head. This separates the leaves gently "Let me see," said Joan. "I have the spent in continuous relaxation of the without breaking and crushing them too lettuce ready. I do need a clean dish towel part. The aim is to relax, then to badly. Mother had shown her how to on which to dry the lettuce. I'll arrange relax more, and still more. One do that. the lettuce on this round glass plate. In should be careful not to contract the

PAGE 30 LIFE AND HEALTH muscles that bend the arm from time There is no practice of tensions dur- not. Strain can usually be localized to time during this part of the period. ing this period. No special attention quite accurately; tenseness, on the It is highly important to become should be paid to the rest of the body other hand, is much more vague and familiar with the sensation of tense- except that it remain quiet and that diffusive. Muscle tenseness is always ness anywhere in the body AD that it the eyes be kept closed. absent in complete relaxation; strain may be recognized at any time. It During the fourth period detec- may not be. will take practice over a period of tion and relaxation of tenseness in the The difference between strain and time to learn to recognize tenseness in back of the forearm is practiced. To tenseness can be observed, for exam- every part of the body. Not more produce tension, the wrist is bent ple, while the wrist is bent forward. than two or three such tensions can backward. (See figure 3.) The fifth Tenseness is felt in the front of the be practiced during any one-hour period is spent on the tenseness in the forearm; strain is noticed at the wrist, period. Although it would take weeks front of the forearm resulting from especially in the back. Special effort and months to thus cover the whole bending the wrist foreward. (See should be made to notice the differ- body, results may be observed rela- figure 4.) Period six is spent in relaxa- ence here as well as in other parts of tively early. tion of tensions in the whole left arm. the body. The second period of practice may The sensation of tenseness is likely So far in this article an attempt has follow after several hours or on the to be confused with that of strain. been made to show how relaxation next day. If one is sure of having There are differences which should be can be learned and applied in at least learned the sensation of tenseness and kept its mind. Whereas tenseness is a part of the body. It has been shown how to relax it in the front of the caused by muscle tension, or contrac- in many cases that when relaxation arm, then the period is begun by tion, strain results from a pull or com- can be accomplished all over the body, relaxing that part without first con- pression of tissues. Strain is usually sleep is much more easily obtained. tracting it. At all succeeding periods, experienced near a joint and on the It is possible to show improvement in when a given part is under considera- side of the part opposite the contract- overcoming insomnia quite early in tion, it is understood that all parts ing muscles. Tenseness is experienced the course of progressive relaxation, that have been previously treated are in the region of the contracting muscle. even before many muscles are treated. relaxed at the same time. Strain becomes painful when made Next month the technique for the re- At this session one lies down, the severe; tenseness does not. Tenseness, laxation of the right arm, the legs, left wrist is placed upon a stack of when severe and prolonged, results in the trunk, and the face will be pre- the sensation of fatigue; strain does books, and the eyes are gradually sented. closed. The right arm lies quietly at VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVWWWWVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVU the side of the body. The body is C C allowed to become limp for about ten C minutes. In the way of review for C IF YOU LIKE TO SWIM- C this time the elbow is bent. After the C C location of tenseness is observed, bend- There are a few basic precautions which, if generally observed, C ing is discontinued; the arm is com- C would go a long way toward reducing the annual toll of deaths C pletely relaxed. C by drowning: C C Next, the elbow is straightened by Do not venture into water beyond your depth, if unable to swim. C downward pressure of the wrist upon C C the books. The hand and wrist, as C Do not venture too far from shore, if unaccompanied, no matter C well as the rest of the body, are kept C how expert a swimmer you may consider yourself. C limp. While thus pressing down, one C —•— C will note a sensation of tenseness in Do not take chances in rivers or streams with whose currents you are C C the back of the upper arm. (See unfamiliar. C figure 2.) When this has been ob- —•— C served, the tenseness is to be relaxed; Do not, in a mistaken sense of fun, rock the boat if you yourself or C C that is, no more effort is made to con- any of your companions are unable to swim. C C tinue the sensation of tenseness. This —•— C C procedure may be repeated after Do not enter water immediately after a meal; stomach cramps, which C not infrequently paralyze, may result. C about ten minutes' rest. The rest of C —•— C the period is spent in relaxing further C and still further. Do not enter water, if overheated or exhausted, after exercise; always C C take time to cool off and rest. C The third period and every succeed- —•— C ing third period is spent in total body Avoid the shock of a sudden plunge into cold water; enter it by C relaxation. One reclines at the begin- C degrees. The shock, at times, may be sufficiently severe to cause cramps, C ning of the period as at the other pe- with accompanying helplessness. C riods. He closes his eyes gradually —•— C C and keeps them closed. Remaining Leave the water as soon as you feel yourself becoming chilled; to C C as quiet as possible, one relaxes the disregard this rule may result in muscular cramps, which, while not as C two areas considered in the previous crippling as those centered in the stomach, are likely to create panic, C resulting in drowning unless help is near by.—Bulletin of the Depart. C periods. Any tensions in these areas C are relaxed as completely as possible; ment of Health, Kentucky. C C then more and more. This, as you C can see, is progressive relaxation. nnnnnn nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn AA 1!!- JULY, 1946 PAGE 31 How to Live Longer cept that the rows should be full thirty inches apart. (Continued from page 7) a `ia0/71119 ,71-i'd1 $/1k Everything indicates that we shall need not a food; it is a drug pure and sim- all the food we can grow this year, and ple, and since not necessary, had best By FLOYD BRALLIAR D for this reason be sure to give all these be avoided. • - • plants a good hoeing every ten days to Appendicitis should be an ex- keep them growing right along until they tremely infrequent cause of death. ULY is the month to begin prepar- mature. All four of these plants will with- And it would be if the danger sig- ing for our late fall and winter crops. stand heavy frost and, if properly taken nals were heeded as they should be. i Prepare a little seedbed at the side of care of and stored just before heavy the garden by working a pound of ferti- freezes, will keep until after Christmas. Any person with persistent pain in lizer into the soil of a hundred square At the same time you are sowing seed. the abdomen, or tenderness or rigidity feet, and plant seed of cabbage, cauli- for these major crops, prepare soil well of the muscles of the abdominal wall, flower, Chinese cabbage, and brocolli. To and plant table beets and carrots for the should be examined by a competent grow plants to set out later, sow the seed late fall crop. It may be necessary in physician, and if doubt exists, the ap- thinly in the rows; and make the rows a some places to water the soil a bit after pendix had better be removed. It is full ten inches apart. As soon as the these seeds are planted, to make sure far better to remove an appendix seedlings are two inches high, thin them they come up well; but whatever is done, which is only doubtfully diseased than out so that they stand no closer than two do not allow the soil to bake over the to allow one to remain which bursts inches apart in the row. seeds. Carrots and beets planted at this Keep the soil well cultivated and soak time will be ready for use just before and causes a serious, if not fatal, in- frost; and both, if properly cared for, will fection. It is true that the sulfa drugs with water once a week if needed. In about four weeks the plants should be keep all winter. If we take care to get have done much to alleviate such dis- large enough to set out. Set all of these in the seed up to a good stand, the fall crop ease, but still there are deaths from thoroughly rich soil. The cabbage plants of both carrots and beets will be better appendicitis, and the number of ap- should be set about thirty inches apart in flavor, and the yield will be better pendixes which need to be removed each way and the cauliflower should be than the spring crop. is appallingly large. We can but be- spaced the same distance. Chinese cab- Now for some flowers for the late fall lieve that regularity in bowel habits, bage should be set in rows about twenty- blooming. Zinnia seeds planted in July which implies regularity in time of four inches apart, and the plants should will produce better flowers on longer eating and temperance in amount and be set about eighteen inches apart in the stems and will be more brilliantly colored quality of food taken, is a large factor row. Handle brocolli in the same way ex- than those from the seeds that are sown early, and they will bloom until cut down in preventing the onset of appen- by heavy frost. dicitis. Annual phlox, grown from seeds Perhaps you have never known any- planted in July, will be in full bloom in EMERt3e4r, one who worried himself to death. A-000 seven or eight weeks and will give a We know of many people who worry COLLECT/ON much better showing than the spring- on 441 us to death, but it does not seem to 4.7.4"0"" e4v,ee,g sown seeds. react upon the worrier in the same The July garden requires thorough cul- fashion. Nevertheless, mental stress tivation, and one must be on the lookout may lead to physical illness in various at all times to keep out insect pests. ways, and thus influence length of life. In the Scripture we read, "And the work of righteousness shall be peace; six months for a careful physical the hands, and increased tension. and the effect of righteousness quiet- examination, many thousands of cases Muscle tension is seen in the drawn ness and assurance forever." Isa. 32: of cancer and heart disease could be face and felt as painful tightness be- 17. An abiding faith in God, and a detected early and subjected to suc- tween the shoulder blades or in the confidence that "all things work to- cessful treatment. Why not make neck and the base of the skull. The gether for good to them that love an appointment with your physician skin does not escape as evidenced by God" is a wonderful aid to living today? puffy hands, bags under the eyes, itch- longer and more happily. Peace of Do you wish to live longer? Try ing, and aggravation of eczema. In mind and health of body are inti- following the hints given above. the respiratory system chronic catarrh mately connected. A physician from a Have faith in God. Man can treat and aggravation of asthma may be a very prominent clinic has said that disease, but the power of God alone part of the effects of fatigue. Gastro- 80 per cent of the patients who came can heal our wounds and restore us intestinal symptoms of bloating, full- to his office for examination had no to health. Follow the footsteps of the ness after eating, and the symptoms of disease upon which he could lay his lowly Galilean in day-by-day living. peptic ulcer and irritable colon, or finger, but were diseased principally "He that hath the Son [of God] hath so-called mucous colitis, are frequently because of some disorder in their life." associated with chronic fatigue. thinking. There is no greater aid to Heart disease leads all other causes peace of mind than a strong con- of death. Of the different types of fidence in God and in His power to Why a Vacation? heart disease, that caused by high save and to keep us day by day. (Continued from page 9) blood pressure or hypertension is one Many of the dangers suggested Chronic fatigue may produce or ag- of the most common. About ninety- above, particularly cancer and heart gravate evidences of ill health in any five per cent of hypertension heart dis- disease, may slip up on us before we part of the body. There may be loss ease is caused by so-called essential detect their approach. If everyone of appetite and weight. In the mus- hypertension. Chronic fatigue and visited a competent physician every cles there may be twitching, tremor of the nervous factors that contribute to

PAGE 32 LIFE AND HEALTH 5. Inability to relax favors the development One way to rest a tired nervous sys- citiote cva/ cls of— tem is to do something which calls a. Infectious diseases. ( ) into play a wholly different set of (9alg ( •' b. Cancer. ( ) Man31971:'" c. Infantile paralysis, mumps, and nerve structures. All the evidence By EDYTH T. JAMES, R.N., measles. ( ) d. Nervous diseases, stomach ulcers, points to the fact that the body is and colitis. ( ) constructed to be used. It is well 6. Home bathing is important to health be- known that symmetrical development What do you know about your most price- cause (2 points)— of a child requires physical activity, a. It lessens the danger of infesta- less possession, your health? If you have read tion with lice and fungi. mental effort, and social training of the May, 1946, LIFE AND HEALTH, you should Accidental wounds are less likely be able to answer the following questions. b. varied nature suitable to the child's to become infected. If you can answer 6 to 8 correctly, your score c. It tends to strengthen the resis- ability. You, too, though you are is good. Less than a score of five is evidence tance. of a definite need of more health knowledge. grown up, need the same balanced ac- The answers are found on page 36. d. Many diseases are either pre- tivities in order to keep well poised vented or cured in that way. ( ) and healthy. Your vacation should 1. A disadvantage of the present enriched 7. The part of the body which should be 80 per cent extraction flour is that— washed most frequently if one would avoid be planned to provide outlets for a. I t has less nutritive value. ( ) diseases is— forms of energy expenditure not suffi- a. The feet. b. It is more expensive. ( ) ( ) ciently used in your everyday life. c. Bread, pies, and cookies made b. The neck and ears. ( ) c. The face and head. from it are of poor quality. ( ) ( ) If your work is sedentary and re- d. Angel food and fine-grained cakes d. The hands. ) cannot be made with it. quires a great deal of mental and ( ) 8. The group with the highest death rate be- nervous energy, you will be helped by 2. Most important in balancing the diet is/ tween Pearl Harbor and V-I Day is found are— in— a vacation combining recreational a. Children between ten and four- a. Milk. ( ) reading with a program of physical teen years. ( ) b. Bread. ( ) c. Fresh fruits. b. Young men in the armed forces. ( ) activity adjusted to your condition of ( ) c. Babies under one year of age. d. Leafy vegetables. ( ) ( ) physical training. If you do heavy d. Women between fifteen and work you will be refreshed by going 3. When the body becomes accustomed to thirty-five years. ( ) sleep-producing drugs, the larger doses 9. Hospital Day commemorates the birth- where you can receive mental and necessary to produce results-- day of— a. Are less harmful to the body. spiritual stimulation. ( ) a. Jane Delano. ( ) b. Do added damage. ( ) b. Florence Nightingale. Be careful to avoid the false notion c. Are no longer harmful to the ( ) c. Clara Barton. ( ) that nervous excitement is rest. There body. ( ) d. Dr. Bernard Baruch. d. Cause mental disease and death. ( ) are many forms of commercialized ( ) 10. Virus organisms are those which— 4. Since V-7 day traffic fatalities have in- a. Cause typhoid fever and tuber- amusement which divert attention creased— culosis. ( ) from the daily grind and make you a. 2 per cent. ( ) b. Have well-defined profiles. ( ) b. 36 per cent. c. Can be seen only with the aid of forget you are tired. They consist of ( ) c. 50 per cent. ( ) an electron microscope. ( ) a whirligig of exciting activity often d. 100 per cent. ( ) d. Do not produce human diseases. ( ) accompanied by excessive use of in- toxicants. By no stretch of the imagi- nation can these activities be con- fatigue are the factors that initiate the progressively less sleep, it is time to sidered true recreation. bodily changes that occur in essential take stock of yourself. Stop work and Your vacation will not be restful if hypertension. take a vacation, or the period of medi- it is planned according to a schedule It is in the nervous system that the cal care that you will need later is that requires you to hurry. If you symptoms of chronic fatigue are most likely to be long and costly. take your vacation by automobile, distressing. Lack of zest for the day's If you are wearied by work and the don't try to set any records for miles work and a "tired of it" feeling that strain of life, if your efficiency is traveled in a single day. When you leaves us weary before we start work- lowered by fatigue, a vacation that play, remember that the play is for ing is common in the milder cases. offers rest and refreshment will enable fun and not to win. Athletic coaches Inability to concentrate, emotional you to return with new enthusiasm to do not consider competitive sports to instability with irritability and a the old job. Vacations are needed as be play. They are classed among the tendency to cry easily, abnormal cir- a prevention as well as a cure for the most strenuous and fatiguing work. culation with dizziness and a tendency effects of fatigue. Be sure your vacation leaVes no re- to sweat easily and to chill on slight Your vacation may not need to be a grets. If you are planning to do a exposure to cold, susceptibility to long one. Frequent short vacations good deal of hiking, remember that headache, and tired eyes are manifes- are more efficient in restoring and you may not be in practice. Even tations of more severe fatigue. maintaining a reserve of vitality than though you are still young and vigor- These and many other evidences of are long vacations at infrequent in- ous you should go about unaccus- tension and fatigue may develop if tervals. The length and frequency tomed activities gradually. Have a you do not manage to balance your that is best for you may not be the safe time. Even though you have expenditures of energy with sufficient same as for others even in your own been sunburned on past vacations you rest and relaxing recreation. These family. You owe it to yourself and should be reminded that a severe sun- symptoms are imperative warnings to those who are dependent upon you burn can be dangerous as well as spoil that a vacation is overdue. to relax and recuperate. Take time a long-awaited vacation. Stomach When you work until you are tired out from the everyday tasks which in and intestinal infections, such as dys- and then have to keep on working and time are sure to become monotonous entery and typhoid, are the diseases you feel less and less tired the more and impair certain aspects of your to which summer vacationers are ex- work you do, and you seem to require working ability. posed. You can be immunized against

JULY. 1946 PAGE 33 government. Perhaps it will help us to see why our Creator endowed us with the Nutty! Whole Wheat! of free will that bothers so many people in teed lade their endeavor to explain human experi- MACARONI By WILLIAM G. WIRTH, Ph. D ence. With divine prescience and fore- and SPAGHETTI sight He saw clearly, as we must see if we think deeply, that the dwellers of this Serve tasty, appetizing dishes . . . HEN one takes a look over the earth in the mass, in the full group and rich in food value . . . with delicious affairs and business of this Whole Wheat Macaroni and Spaghetti. organization, could not live fine, upright, Send $2 for six large 12-oz. packages of Wworld," said neighbor Smith to free, vigorous, and exalted lives unless me the other day, "it seems that the whole each f.o.b. Birmingham. Express C.O.D. the single individual lived a fine, upright, of mankind is being directed and con- free, vigorous, and exalted life. He un- trolled by the will and influence of just VULCAN HEALTH FOOD CO. derstood, as we should understand it, that a handful of men—Stalin of Russia, 2101-D Morris Ave., Birmingham, Ala. the world, society, the group, was made Chiang Kai-shek of China, Attlee of Eng- Special Quantity Prices to Stores for man and not man for the world, land, and Truman of the United States. society, the group. Else the man would They evidently are the ones who run the be the meaningless cipher in the collec- world show. It proves that, when all is tive mass, the forgotten part in the domi- said and done, the individual, the single nating social machine, without freedom personality, is still very important, which and initiative, simply made to follow ought to be a bit of encouragement to ui blindly the will of the majority. humble fellows who think we do not count for much." And, be it further stated, that the lov- 100% Vegetarian Dessert ing Creator thought so much of the single CRYSTAL CLEAR It cannot be denied that Smith struck Contains no animal gelatin: the bottom of a truth that needs emphasis person, the separate individual, that He Sweetened with Raw Sugar. Just add 2 cups boiling water to a pack- in these days of mass movement, these willingly ran the risk in creating man of age of Claire's .1e1, stir, and pour into having him choose by his own will 5 or 6 moulds. 8 Flavors—Strawberry, times when the group apparently domi- Raspberry, Cherry, Natural Lemon, nates the scene and the social organiza- whether he would go in the way of right- Orange, Lime, Mint, and Chocolate. 15c per pkg.-7 for $1.30 postpaid tion, the collective unit, rather than the eousness or unrighteousness. To God— (west of Mississippi, $1.40) and what a noble act on His part—it DEALERS: WRITE FOR PRICES individual, puts the thing over. VEGETABLE PRODUCTS CO. The word "individual" itself carries a mattered that the individual in his own 480 E. Main St., Box 145, Rochester, N.Y. comforting thought for us. Derived from personal dignity and will be preserved the right to choose good or evil and not ARE YOU MOVING? the Latin, it means "to reach a point be- You should notify us in advance of any change of yond which there can be no division." that he be made to do good whether he address, as the post office will not forward your papers wanted to or not. Dr. Harry Meserve is to you even though you leave a forwarding address. Applied to mankind, it simply and sig- Your compliance in this matter will save delay and nificantly means the point beyond which signally right when he says, "The final expense . humanity cannot be divided—the single worth and meaning of a human life is man, the single woman. Every one of us judged, not by how it compares with other is the indispensable, essential thread that human lives, but by how it measures up k(r The Modern makes up the human fabric; every one of to the perfect righteousness and love of ‘""$S%* iii$”c‘isf,(t;f?Si)iNSS us is the inescapable, all-important brick this Knowing One." Hot Fomentation that must come into the structure of man- Yes, neighbor Smith spoke truly; it is kind. only in terms of personal, individual Catch the profound truth of our single values that we can catch the real signifi- importance in the make-up of the also cance and understanding of human his- important group, society, and universal tory.

some of these infections. You can do while if they accomplished nothing much to avoid exposure by care in the more than reacquainting us with our selection of drinking water and eating family. If you want the most out of places. life you should plan for that vacation. Vacations can break monotony. They allow us to escape from the Surprisingly effective for stubborn ARTHRITIS cases: for chest colds and influenza. hurry, drive, and speed of modern life. NOW . . . "at the Snap of a Switch" you can A brief removal from an irritating enjoy HOT FOMENTATIONS, with the BATTLE CREEK THERMOPHORE . . . the MOIST HEAT situation can provide a more effective FOMENTATION UNIT. adjustment of ourselves and relaxa- VEGEX Here is an ELECTRIC FOMENTATION UNIT providing an abundance of MOIST HEAT. Twen- tion of spirit so that we can carry on ty-six patented features make this outstanding in efficiently. The grandeur of moun- I efficiency. Size, 13 inches by 27 inches. • EltIRAC NO HOT WATER . . . SAVES TIME . . . tain scenery, the restfulness of forest SAVES WORK . . . SUPERIOR PERFORM- and lake, and the beauty of sunrise ANCE: MODERN FIRST AID IN RELIEVING SEASONING PAIN AND CONGESTION. Write for literature and sunset cause trifling worries to be • and special price. BOUILLON CUBES EQUIPMENT COMPANY forgotten. Outdoor vacations in Dept. L-46-7 • Bat& cited Battle Creek, Mich. camps and vacations spots where strife and stresses are minor and where you BATTLE CREEK EQUIPMENT IS USED BY Long-tried Favorite Foods find normal healthy expression in play HUNDREDS OF HEALTH INSTITUTIONS .. Nutritious Flavorful - Economical ALL OUR PRODUCTS ARE CORRECTLY and fun, provide energy outlets which ENGINEERED AND PRICED AS LOW AS you can carry back to daily and rou- VEGEX COMPANY 1LeFr2 N.Y.C. QUALITY ALLOWS tine life. Vacations would be worth PAGE 34 In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH LIFE AND HEALTH sive movements can be made with much less pain under water. After a few days VolAel as a the patient may be able to move his own By AMY KLOSE, joints. Movements under hot water are a surprising aid in restoring activity to stiff muscles and joints. The sedative bath is given in a full tub of water at a temperature varying from Baths in the Treatment of Disease 92° to 97° F. It is important that a 11 HS are given in the treatment constant temperature be maintained .of certain diseases. They may be throughout the treatment. Measure the JJ given to relieve inflammation of temperature of the water with a bath ioints and nerves, such as in rheumatism, thermometer. The duration of the bath PROBLEMS IN lumbago, and sciatica. Different types of is from fifteen minutes to one hour, and baths are chemical baths for relief of skin is best taken at bedtime, when sleep is ARITHMETIC diseases; neutral baths or cold baths for desired. This assures rest and prevents loss of heat and chilling. The sedative their sedative effect when the patient is Problems are also present in the nervous; cold sponges and sprays for relief bath is used principally in insomnia, to matter of diet. Vitamins, Minerals, of pain and to reduce body temperature induce sleep and muscular relaxation. A in case of fever; hot baths to increase neutral bath is also sometimes prescribed and Amino Acids all contribute to the perspiration and the elimination of waste in diseases of the heart and blood vessels. answer. These are present in Madi products, and to relieve congestion of in- The bath is given at body temperature son Foods. ternal organs. Baths not only are given (temperature of the normal skin being with water but may be in the form of hot about 92° F.), and causes no marked air, electric light, and vapor. change in the skin or blood vessels. The Solve Family Food Problems Hot tub baths are given to stimulate water surrounds the skin and protects it THIS WAY: the elimination from the skin, to relax from all irritation. As a result the nerves TAKE AWAY Flesh foods and coffee the muscles, to increase the circulation in are protected and allowed to rest. The the skin, and to relieve congestion in in- bath is therefore soothing and quieting + ADD Madison Foods ternal organs. Anyone responsible for in its effect, and gives the body a chance MULTIPLY Three times a day through giving hot baths should have an under- to store up vital energy. After the bath X out the year standing of the changes that take place the body should be quietly but thoroughly DIVIDE Generously among the family in the body when these are given. Al- dried and the patient put to bed in a most as soon as a person begins a hot quiet room. = EQUALS Buoyant Health bath, all the superficial blood vessels con- When the sedative, or neutral, bath tract, and this causes a sudden inrush of is continued for hours or days, it is known blood, usually followed by a marked con- as a 'continuous bath. The effect on the MADISON FOODS: gestion of blood in the head, and an in- nervous system is soothing. The continu- crease in the force of the heartbeat. The ous bath is used in cases of extensive WHEATASOY — breakfast food burns or bedsores, septic sores and badly heat at first stimulates all nerve cells, and ZOY-KOFF — coffee alternate therefore may cause nervousness and head- infected wounds, certain forms of skin dis- ache. It is important to guard against eases, and in quieting the very nervous KREME O'SOY — for those allergic congestion of blood in the brain. A very and excited patient. to cow's milk cold compress to the head or the back of Therapeutic cold baths are very stimu- the neck is helpful. Watch for restless- lating. The most commonly used cold ness and a rapid pulse. The second- baths are the wet hand rub, which con- MADISON Protein Foods: ary effect of a short hot bath is insists of rubbing the entire surface of the creased perspiration. The patient may body with the cold wet hand, and the ZOYBURGER feel faint and the breathing become shal- cold sponge bath, or the application of NOT-MEAT cold water to the surface of the body by low and rapid. The first stimulating YUM effect is followed by depression, muscular means of a wet sponge. The latter is weakness, and drowsiness. The tempera- combined with friction made by rubbing STAKELETS ture of the baths is usually from 98° to with the hands. STAKELETS (bitesize) 104° F., and they are continued from five The temperature of the wet hand rub VIGOROST to thirty minutes. The doctor may order and the cold sponge bath varies from 40° a bath with a temperature greater than to 75° F. or from 65° to 90° F., accord- SOY CHEESE 104° F. This should not exceed ten ing to the age and the ability of the minutes. The patient should be put to patient to react. They are usually con- bed for at least an hour following the tinued about ten minutes. The body treatment. must always be warm before the treatment F REE—Current issue of the Madison Health Sometimes it may be desirable to treat is started, in order to secure a prompt Messenger. Get your copy from a Health only a part of the body in case of pain reaction. Brief friction will prevent chill- Food Store or write Madison Foods. or stiffness in the joints. The arm or ing and will aid the reaction. The body should be warm, and cold compresses FAMILY FOOD BOX—Contains ingredients leg should be placed in a basin large and recipes. Write to us for particulars. enough so that the part can be completely should be put on the head. After the bath the skin must be dried gently. Peo- If your dealer cannot sup- immersed. The temperature of the water ply you, write to us direct. can be somewhat higher than for a com- ple who are exhausted or the old and plete bath. The duration is from five to very young react poorly to this treatment. thirty minutes. When giving the arm or The alcohol sponge bath is given with leg bath to help restore motion to a 50 per cent alcohol solution. It serves the afi stiffened joint, allow the muscles to relax same purpose as the cold sponge bath but MODISH COLLEGE, TEnn. in the hot water for a few minutes. Pas- is easier to give when the patient is to JULY, 1948 In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH PAGE 35 be disturbed as little as possible. Alcohol evaporates rapidly, is cooling, and dries more quickly. The reaction is not so vio- lent as with a cold-:water sponge. Tepid or warm alcohol is poured on the hands and then rubbed over each part of the body. Emollient baths are given in some forms of skin diseases. They soothe the inflamed and irritated skin. They are neutral tub baths, to which an emollient, such as starch or bran, has been added. One pound of cornstarch to a full tub of water makes a soothing bath. Mix the starch 111YTHIVIRE 110SPITOI. with cold water, add very hot water until mixture is thin enough to pour. Mix this in the tub of water. The bran bath is Beautifully Located in a Suburb made with about four pounds of bran. of our Nation's Capital Boil the bran in a bag for twenty minutes. * Ideally located to serve the The water is drained off and added to the people of Southwestern tub of water. The patient may be kept 09.HIS modern Virginia. in this bath for several hours if the tem- general hospital maintains perature is kept at about 95° F. therapeutic standards aimed * Medical and surgical care, including physical ther- at bringing new strength and apy. vigor to body, mind, and Housewife's Corner spirit of each medical, surgi- * Health education based on cal, and obstetrical case ad- (Continued from page 24) principles which insure mitted. more satisfying living. In preparing a pineapple for serving, cut off the tips of those sharp points of the pineapple leaves, then, holding the trWWWIX, WV , WAYAYVVVVVv," VVVNY pineapple by the leaves, peel from the EUGENE LELAND MEMORIAL HOSPITAL WYTHEUILLE, UIRGIRIR top downward. You can tell how deep Riverdale, Maryland to peel as you cut off a thin layer first. A A A% AAA\ AAAA../X.A A A/X /A/X A After the pineapple is peeled, take the eyes out with a sharp, pointed knife. Now your fruit is ready to be cut in any shape or manner you wish—rounds, spears, or dices. There are many artistic ways in which ,5 1f Reagan/ Place you can serve pineapple—on the half shell, IN WHICH TO GET WELL' in little scalloped flowerlike slices, or as Seventeen miles from Chicago's a horn of plenty. I think I could eat Union Station, on the Burlington cottage cheese and pineapple salad every day of my life. I know of no fruit— This Modern Health Institution, located amid 15 acres of beautifully Memorial Sanitarium and I am limited to the fruits we can shaded lawns, offers an atmos- obtain in the eastern Atlantic States— phere conducive to the rebuilding Conveniently and that is more deliciously cool and satisfying of health. beautifully situated. An ideal than the pineapple, unless it be frosted Thoroughly equipped diagnos- environment for the sanitarium grapes. We got some of these last fall tic facilities. X-ray, Physical ther- type patient. in the Keuka Lake section of New York. apy. Diets scientifically prescribed On U. S. Highway No. 1 We saw a vineyard in which many clus- by graduate dietitians. South Attleboro, Mass. ters of blue Concords were still hanging SEND FOR FREE BOOKLET H on the vines. The owner said they were hail pocked, but he sold us a basketful, and they were delicious, so cold and juicy. Superior 99% Pure A Bowl of Cherries Life may not be just a bowl of cherries, ''HEALTH WHEAT GERM but a bowl of cherries adds something Natural Source of Vitamins B and E. Adequate zl Vit. B-1 is necessary for Normal Nerves, Dorm.. Full' tion, and Energy,,,,S lbs. $1 (west of M$1.30) to life. What a time I had last summer Free with order: Wheat Germ Sucker made with raw saga, Dealers Write trying to keep the darling robins from FOODS Vegetable Products Co., Dept. LH eating our few precious cherries! We 480 E. Main St., Rochester, N. Y. even bought some cheesecloth and had it draped around our two small cherry trees. It was the second year the trees ANSWERS TO "HOW GOOD IS YOUR MEMORY?" had borne cherries, and I was determined to get one more cherry pie than I had 1. (d) 6. (a, b) the year before. There are many kinds MinSDALE 2. (a) 7. (d) SfillITIIIIIUM& Hospital (b) 8. (c) of cherries—sweet cherries and sour 3. HINSDALE. ILLINOIS 4. (b) 9. (b) cherries. The pie cherries are bright red 5. (d) 10. (c) in color, fairly small, and so tart that you PAGE 36 In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH LIFE AND HEALTH qu/(m, 6 es/ #:(1/1A1

Throughout the United States, and in many other countries, is found a distinctive chain of medical institutions known as Sanitariums. To the many thousands who have been guests of these unique health institutions, the name Sanitarium describes not merely a hospital, though the best of medical care is given; nor BSSET does it describe simply a rest home, though many come primarily for rest. Rather, it denotes a unique combination of both. The word Sanitarium also carries with it the idea of health education and disease prevention, for those who come to these health centers receive instruction in the principles of healthful living. T His modern hos- In addition to the Sanitariums whose an- pital-sanitarium is well nouncements appear in this issue, the following belong to this distinctive chain of health equipped to serve you. nEw institutions. All departments neces- Boulder-Colorado Sanitarium, Boulder, Colorado Florida Sanitarium, Orlando, Florida sary for scientific medi- Georgia Sanitarium, Route 4 Box 240, Atlanta, Ga. EnGLAIM Glendale Sanitarium, Glendale, California cal care and treatment. Loma Linda Sanitarium, Loma Linda, California Madison Rural Sanitarium, Madison College, Tenn. SAMTARIUM Mountain Sanitarium, Fletcher, North Carolina X RAY—SURGERY—OB- Paradise Valley Sanitarium, National City, California Pisgah Sanitarium, Box 1331, Asheville, North Carolina STETRICS—PHYSICAL Provides for the Health Seeker— Porter Sanitarium, 2525 S. Downing Street, Denver, Colorado MEDICINE—DIET • Quiet surroundings that invite relaxa- Portland Sanitarium, 932 S.E. 60th Avenue, Portland, Oregon tion. Resthaven Sanitarium, Sidney, British Columbia, Centrally located in Ohio • Scientific facilities for the diagnosis Canada and treatment of disease. St. Helena Sanitarium, Sanitarium, California Walla Walla Sanitarium, Walla Walla, Washington • A supervised program of simple living White Memorial Hospital, 312 N. Boyle Avenue, Los and approved treatment, featuring diet, Angeles, California MT. 'VERNON, OHIO physical therapy, rest, directed exercise, fresh air, sunshine, and proved medica- ments. seldom eat them unless they are cooked. • Surgical facilities. But those delectable sweet cherries— Write for FREE Booklet "A" Bing, Napoleon, Black Tartarian, etc.! Just sit in a cherry tree and eat to your Overlooking Beautiful Spot Pond, the Sanitarium Is Twelve Miles From Boston heart's content; that is when they taste best. But not all of us can do that. Some of us must go to the store and pick out a few big beauties that sell for a cent or two cents apiece. To make a cherry pie, you will need about four cups of pitted cherries, either sweet or sour; from 1/2 to 3/4 cup of sugar; 2 tablespoonfuls of quick-cooking tapioca; and your pastry. Moisten the edges of 71i° your pastry and press together with the tines of your fork. Bake for 15 minutes 4- 4400t4 in a hot oven, and then in a moderate oven until done. HOSPITAL and SANITARIUM Canning Guide "There's Health in the Hills In thinking of our canning we may wish of East Tennessee" to can a definite number of quarts of one when you need a quiet place to re- gain nervous energy, here where Na- fruit or vegetable. This canning arithme- ture conspires in beautiful surround- tic guide from the University of Illinois ings to help ,bring it about. will help you in determining just how This modern Hospital offers the finest in medical and surgical care plus much to purchase to give the number of the new Sanitarium section with its quarts you wish. unique features. "Apples—one bushel (50 pounds) cans Special emphasis is placed on physical therapy, such as hydrother- 17-20 quarts, and two and one-half pounds apy and electrotherapy, and also on (7 to 8 apples) can one quart. proper diet. Mental and tubercular cases not ac- "Apricots—one bushel (48 pounds) cans cepted. Write for free Booklet "A." NEV ENGLAND SANITARIUM 16-20 quarts. and Hospital - Stoneham, Mass. "Berries-24-quart crate cans 15-24 Takoma Hospital and Sanitarium Post Office, MELROSE, MASS. quarts, and one and one-fourth to one and one-half pounds (five cups) can one quart. GREENEVILLE TENN "Carrots—one bushel (50 pounds) cans MENTAL AND CONTAGIOUS CASES NOT ACCEPTED JULY, 1946 In replying to advertisements, please mention LIFE AND HEALTH PAGE 37

20-22 quarts, and two and one-half pounds A Health-Education Project.—We may can one quart. soon see what a good educational program "Cherries—one bushel (56 pounds) • in nutrition will do for a people in our cans 20-25 quarts, and one and one-half to 44(ltililhal own country who have been undernour- two and one-half pounds (six to eight • By ALICE G. MARSH. Dietitian ished for three centuries. The under- cups) can one quart. sized, malnourished, unhealthy, gentle- "Greens—One bushel (12 pounds) cans mannered Spanish-American citizens of five to seven quarts, and one and one-half Antibody Proteins.—Immunity to dis- charming, picturesque Taos village and to two and one-half pounds can one ease is dependent upon good nutrition and Taos County, New Mexico, have had the quart. more particularly upon protein of high highest infant death rate in this country "Lima beans—one bushel (28 pounds) biological quality. It is from these pro- and have lost one third of their children cans 6 to 8 quarts, and four to five pounds teins that the body must build up the anti- before the age of eighteen. The present can one quart. body mechanism of the blood. program for education in good nutrition is "Pears—one bushel (58 pounds) cans Gauges on Pressure-cooker.—Pressure a sound, active one, and there is every 20-24 quarts, and two to two and one-half cooker gauges should be checked for ac- reason for expecting speedy and hearten- pounds (five to six pears) can one quart. curacy each year. A gauge that is in- ing results. "Peas—one bushel (32 pounds) cans accurate to the extent of two pounds or Proteins of Mushrooms.—Fresh mush- 12 to 16 pints, and two to two and one- more should be replaced by a new one. half pounds can one pint. rooms contain about 2.67 per cent protein, "Plums—one bushel (56 pounds) cans Vitamins and Sweet Potatoes.—Sweet an amount which compares favorably with 24-30 quarts, and one and one-half to two potatoes of red- or deep-yellow-fleshed that of many fresh vegetables. Animals pounds (24 .to 32 plums) can one quart. varieties are remarkably good sources of survived and grew when fed mushrooms "Squash—one bushel (40 pounds) cans vitamin A. Tests prove that the deep- as their sole source of protein, although 16-20 quarts, and two pounds can one colored potatoes are five times as rich in they did not grow to the extent that was quart. carotene (potential vitamin A) as the pale- possible when fed casein (a milk protein). "Strawberries-24-quart crate cans 10- fleshed ones. The vitamin C values vary It is concluded that mushrooms contain 15 quarts, and two quarts can- one quart. little in the different varieties, however. complete protein, but that the essential "Sweet potatoes—one bushel (52 amino acids are in lower concentration Effect of Overnutrition on Virus Dis- than in casein. pounds) cans 16-20 quarts, and two and eases.—Although some investigations have one-half to three pounds can one quart." pointed to the possibility that there is New Zealand Spinach Low in Nutri- more liability toward some virus infections tion.—New Zealand spinach is at the Warnings About Canning in well-nourished animals rather than in bottom of the list of green leafy vegetables the undernourished ones, inadequate nu- Canning powders (so called) or canning insofar as its vitamin C and calcium con- trition does increase the probability of bac- acids which housewives sometimes use so tributions are concerned. terial infections. This difference is par- their vegetables will "keep," have some- tially explained by simply assuming that times proved injurious to one's health. Vitamin A, Rat's Life Span.—Five times the defense mechanisms against bacterial Don't use them. It is safest to use the a rat's "minimum daily requirements" of diseases may be controlled by factors which pressure cooker for all vegetables, except vitamin A is needed to give it a maximum are different from those concerned with tomatoes. Acid fruits and tomatoes life span, the best growth, normal tooth virus infections. should be processed in the boiling-water structure, and normal eye conditions. bath. Neither is canning in the oven recommended, says Miss Grace Armstrong, of "DO- -DON'T- the Illepois College of Agriculture. "With this ry -thod there is danger, because it is difficult to get a safe processing temperature, that is, one which will destroy bac- teria and other organisms causing spoil- age. "Penetration of heat is much slower in the oven than in the boiling-water bath, because air is a poor conductor of heat. Although the oven temperature may reach 250° F. or higher, the food inside the partially sealed jars is seldom heated above the boiling point. This temperature is not high enough for canning vegetables. "If, the jars are sealed before they are put into the oven or if they become sealed by any means, such as by sirup boiling out or by rubber rings or sealing compound becoming soft or swelling, then pressure might develop in the jars and a temperature higher than the boiling point be reached. "However, this is most dangerous. It may result in an explosion, since there is pressure on the inside but not on the outside of the jar. When a pressure cooker Top: Bake Eggs in Mashed Potato Cups Instead of Serving Poached Eggs on Toast. One Small Serving of Potato Offers Approximately the Same Food Value as One Slice of Bread is used, there is pressure both inside and Below: Instead of the Customary Two-Crust Pie, Serve Deep-Dish Pie With Pastry Cut-outs, or a One- outside the jar:" Crust Pie to Save Flour and Fat PAGE 38 LIFE AND HEALTH 'You're need yards of table-space to show that adds zest to any, meal . . . hearty your other food favorites with spoonfuls all of the taste-tempting dishes you can Choplet-Burger patties in buttery, toasted of the natural vitamins and vegetable prepare with Worthington Foods. Dozens buns, brightly garnished with lettuce, protein of Tastex Food Yeast. of tested Worthington recipes offer stimu- pickle, and relish . . . plump, mellow These only hint of the many and varied lating ideas for mealtime creations of Worthington Soy Beans in richly blended taste treats you'll enjoy with Worthington your own, and make it delightfully easy tomato sauce . . . full-bodied, taste- Foods. Put extra vitality and goodness to prepare refreshing menus that appeal appealing Proast loaf brimming with into every meal by building your menus to all. proteins and vitamins . . . smooth, tempt- around healthful Worthington Foods. As a starter, you'll find these appetizing, brown gravy made with tasty, bolster- ing Tastex . . . chop suey chock-full of Look for the Worthington label. It's your ing Worthington dishes pictured above: assurance of peak flavor and quality. Tender, meat-like Choplets of luscious, choice ingredients and capped with sav- golden-brown beauty and arresting flavor ory Soy Sauce. . . . sparkling-fresh salad topped with And you'll like the quick ease with Worthington Foods, Inc. protein-rich, diced Numete . . . tangy which you can enrich honey-hued, home- Beta Broth, an invigorating appetizer. baked bread, fluffy cakes, and many of WORTHINGTON, OHIO

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More than a century ago Vincent Priessnitz, a humble Austrian peasant genius, attracted the world's attention by popularizing the employment of water in treating the sick. Springs gushing forth with pure soft water at Grafenberg made an ideal spot for Priessnitz to practice his "water cure." People came from far and near to receive benefit from the simple and practical thermotherapeutic measures. Here were introduced the douche, plunge, dripping sheet, dry-blanket pack, wet-sheet pack, foot bath, sitz bath, etc. Today hydrotherapy plays an important part in the treatment of various diseat.es Physical measures, of which hydrotherapy is one, are among the therapeutic procedures used at the Washington Sanitarium and Hospital.

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umsHinuron SIMITARIUM and Hospital-Takoma Park, WASHInGTOn 12, D.C.

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