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Front Matter ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY VOLUME 32 DECEMBER 1988 NUMBER 12 Robert C. Moellering, Jr., Christine C. Sanders, Editor (1989) Editor in Chief (1990) Creighton University School of New England Deaconess Hospital Jack M. Gwaltney, Jr., Editor (1990) Medicine Boston, Mass. University of Virginia School of Omaha, Neb. Michael Barza, Editor (1990) Medicine John A. Washington II, Editor (1991) New England Medical Center Charlottesville Cleveland Clinic Foundation Hospitals George A. Jacoby, Jr., Editor (1990) Cleveland, Ohio Boston, Mass. Massachusetts General Hospital Peter G. Welling, Editor (1988) Lawrence E. Bryan, Editor (1992) Boston Warner-Lambert Co. University of Calgary Ann Arbor, Mich. Calgary, Alberta, Canada EDITORIAL BOARD Vincent T. Andriole (1990) Robert J. Fass (1988) Stephen A. Lerner (1989) Jerome J. Schentag (1988) Bascom F. Anthony (1988) Stuart Feldman (1988) Stuart B. Levy (1989) Raymond F. Schinazi (1989) Gordon L. Archer (1989) Sydney Finegold (1988) David R. Luke (1990) Fritz D. Schoenknecht (1989) George R. Aronoff (1989) Martin Forbes (1989) Joan Lusk (1989) Robert T. Schooley (1990) Rashmi H. Barbhaiya (1989) John N. Galgiani (1990) R. Luthy (1989) F. C. Sciavolino (1988) Arthur L. Barry (1989) Dale N. Gerding (1988) Gerald L. Mandell (1989) William M. Shannon (1989) John G. Bartlett (1990) Allan Godfrey (1990) Gary R. Matzke (1989) Charles Shipman, Jr. (1988) Arnold S. Bayer (1988) Irving H. Goldberg (1988) George H. McCracken (1990) David M. Shlaes (1988) William M. Bennett (1990) Thomas D. Gootz (1988) Antone A. Medeiros (1990) Robert W. Sidwell (1990) Michel G. Bergeron (1989) Stephen B. Greenberg (1989) Michael Miller (1990) Herbert M. Sommers (1989) Richard F. Bergstrom (1988) Scott M. Hammer (1989) Barbara E. Murray (1990) P. Frederick Sparling (1990) Karen K. Biron (1990) Margaret R. Hammerschlag (1989) Henry W. Murray (1990) Harold Standiford (1988) Gerald P. Bodey (1989) Robert E. W. Hancock (1989) John D. Nelson (1989) David A. Stevens (1989) Ward Bullock (1990) W. Lee Hand (1989) Harold C. Neu (1989) Stephen E. Straus (1990) Tsun Chang (1989) H. Hunter Handsfield (1989) Lawrence A. Pachla (1990) R. Sutherland (1988) Anthony Chow (1988) Frederick G. Hayden (1990) Joseph S. Pagano (1990) Morton N. Swartz (1988) C. Glenn Cobbs (1989) Leonid B. Heifets (1990) James E. Pennington (1989) Richard B. Sykes (1988) Paul S. Cohen (1989) Michael L. Higgins (1989) T. J. Perun (1989) Francis P. Tally (1990) William A. Craig (1990) David C. Hooper (1990) Lance R. Peterson (1988) Fred C. Tenover (1988) Naomi Datta (1990) Richard Hornick (1989) W. H. G. Richards (1989) Alexander Tomasz (1988) Lawrence E. Day (1989) George Gee Jackson (1989) Douglas D. Richman (1990) Roger D. Toothaker (1988) William E. Dismukes (1990) Michael R. Jacobs (1990) Glenn D. Roberts (1989) Francis L. S. Tse (1989) Gary V. Doern (1990) James H. Jorgensen (1990) Richard Roberts (1988) Michael Waring (1990) Susan M. Dorrbecker (1989) William J. Jusko (1989) Ian M. Rollo (1988) Bernard Weisblum (1988) R. Gordon Douglas, Jr. (1989) A. W. Karchmer (1988) Allan Ronald (1990) Peter F. Weller (1989) John C. Drach (1990) Donald Kaye (1988) John P. Rosazza (1989) Richard Wise (1989) George L. Drusano (1990) Mark S. Klempner (1989) Jon E. Rosenblatt (1988) John S. Wolfson (1990) Theodore Eickhoff (1988) George S. Kobayashi (1988) Robert H. Rubin (1990) David J. Wyler (1989) Gertrude B. Elion (1990) Jeffrey R. Koup (1990) Merle Sande (1988) Lowell Young (1988) George M. Eliopoulos (1988) Donald J. Krogstad (1989) W. Eugene Sanders, Jr. (1990) Pauline K. W. Yu (1988) Arthur English (1989) Philip Todd Lavin (1989) W. Michael Scheld (1989) Helen R. Whiteley, Chairman, Publications Board Kirk Jensen, Director ofPublications Linda M. Illig, Managing Editor, Journals Carol J. Neff, Production Editor Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ISSN 0066-4804), an interdisciplinary publication of the American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006, is devoted to the dissemination of knowledge relating to all aspects of antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and anticancer agents and chemotherapy. Instructions to authors are published in the January issue each year; reprints are available from the editors and the Publications Department. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy is published monthly, one volume per year. The nonmember subscription price is $220 per year; single copies are $30. The member subscription price is $35 (foreign, $56 [air drop shipping]) per year; single copies are $8. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, reprints, defective copies, availability of back issues, lost or late proofs, disposition of submitted manuscripts, and general editorial matters should be directed to the ASM Publications Department, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006 (phone: 202 833-9680). Claims for missing issues from residents of the United States, Canada, and Mexico must be submitted within 3 months after publication of the issues; residents of all other countries must submit claims within 6 months of publication of the issues. Claims for issues missing because of failure to report an address change or for issues "missing from files" will not be allowed. Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC 20006, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, ASM, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006. Made in the United States of America. Copyright C) 1988, American Society for Microbiology. 43*:I^ &'iAK,J L Um{f,1; ( I13'f All Rights Reserved. The code at the top of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the article may be made for personal use or for personal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Author Index Abele, Gunnar, 1807 Feldberg, Ross S., 1763 Lemon, Eloise, 1780 Saikawa, Isamu, 1848 Akabane, Taro, 1864 Ferro, Adolph J., 1904 Leone, R., 1875 Sakuma, Takashi, 1839 Arnold, Barbara H., 1784 Ferronato, G., 1875 Levy, Stuart B., 1797, 1801 Sanders, Christine C., 1893 Fitchen, John H., 1904 Lindborg, Bjorn, 1807 Sanders, W. Eugene, Jr., 1893 Barg, Neil L., 1834 Flaherty, John F., 1825 Lindqvist, Lennart, 1869 Schinazi, Raymond F., 1784 Beale, Angela S., 1830 Fleishaker, Joseph C., 1825 Love, Kathryn R., 1899 Schluederberg, Susan, 1801 Benoni, G., 1875 Fletcher, Courtney V., 1899 Selitrennikoff, Claude P., 1901 Bertrand, G., 1875 Fracasso, M. E., 1875 Maddaus, Michael A., 1769 Sierra-Madero, Juan, 1754, Blumer, Jeffrey L., 1780 Franzblau, Scott G., 1758 Marshall, Bonnie, 1801 1896 Boehme, Richard E., 1887 Simmons, Richard L., 1769 1825 Martino-Saltzman, David, Brown, David C., 1899 Gambertoglio, John G., 1784 Smith, John M., 1776 Bubrick, Melvin P., 1845 Gates, Mark L., 1893 Snoeck, Robert, 1839 John, 1830 Marx, Preston A., 1887 Budtz-J0rgensen, Ejvind, 1859 Gisby, Masuda, Midori, 1864 Soike, Kenneth F., 1807 Goldfarb, Johanna, 1780 Matsuoka, Takafumi, 1864 Stark, Tracey, 1901 Call, N. Branson, 1820 Guglielmo, B. Joseph, 1825 Steele, Lorraine C., 1776 Linda 1813 Matthews, Thomas R., 1887 Cannon, Deborah L., 1784 Gustavson, E., Matzke, Gary R., 1845 Sumter, Gwendolyn, 1776 Casas, Ivan A., 1854 McGinnis, E., 1788 Sundstrom, David C., 1763 Chang, Stephen C., 1763 Hastings, Robert C., 1758 Suttmann, Rebecca T., 1887 Chen, Ming S., 1887 Hayden, Frederick G., 1813 McRoberts, Mary Jane, 1887 Chernow, Marlene, 1887 Heim-Duthoy, Karen L., 1845 Mitsuhashi, Susumu, 1848 Holmstrup, Palle, 1859 Mitsuyama, Junichi, 1848 Taft, Cathy S., 1901 Chuang, Ronald Y., 1887 Talarico, Todd L., 1854 Chung, Tung C., 1854 Holy, Antonin, 1839 Murata, Kenjiro, 1864 Hori, Ritsuko, 1848 Thompson, Nathan H., 1763 Cocchetto, David M., 1845 Tominack, Rebecca L., 1813 Consolo, U., 1875 Nadler, Marcus, 1763 Townsend, Raymond J., 1825 Cornford, Richard J., 1879 Inoue, Matsuhisa, 1848 Neuwirth, Zeev, 1763 Isayama, Yasuro, 1891 Nord, Carl Erik, 1869 Turner, Ronald B., 1820 Courvalin, Patrice, 1793 Ishikawa, Hitoshi, 1891 Crenshaw, Deborah, 1780 Walker, Linda A., 1879 Cunningham, Eloise, 1788 Jacobson, Jay A., 1820 Ohmae, Kenichi, 1891 Wallace, Richard J., Jr., 1776 Curtis, Nigel A. C., 1879 Jechorek, Robert P., 1769 O'Horo, Jennifer, 1780 Washington, John A., 1754, Cuzzolin, L., 1875 Jones, Ronald N., 1747 1896 Joyce, Lyle D., 1899 Datema, Roelf, 1807 Papadopoulou, Barbara, 1793 Wells, Carol L., 1769 Parham, Christine, 1788 White, Anthony J., 1879 Davis, Joanne, 1801 Karaffa, Camile, 1754 de Clercq, Erik, 1839 Park, Britt H., 1797 Wills, Robert J., 1813 Kasworm, Evelyn M., 1820 Prisbe, Ernest J., 1887 Wu, John C., 1887 Dirks, Monte S., 1820 Knapp, Cynthia, 1754, 1896 Dobrogosz, Walter J., 1854 Pritzker, Marc R., 1899 Komiyama, Atsushi, 1864 Puchetti, V., 1875 Doern, Gary V., 1747 Kotik, Alan N., 1763 Yamazaki, Munehiro, 1864 Krogh, Palle, 1859 Yasuda, Takashi, 1848 East, Simon J., 1879 Riscoe, Michael K., 1904 Yasui, Kozo, 1864 Edlund, Charlotta, 1869 Lake, Kathleen D., 1899 Rodondi, Lisa C., 1825 Yotsuji, Akira, 1848 Eisenstadt, Rosemary L., Lake-Bakaar, Desmond M., Rosenberg, Ivan, 1839 1879 1807 Rowse, Deborah, 1801 Zilhao, Rita, 1793 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The following persons served as invited special reviewers for the journal during 1988, and their help is greatly appreciated. Charles A. Alford, Jr. Eric De Clercq Gerri S. Hall R. H. Neubauer Simon Silver J. Davis Allen David Diuguid J. Owen Hendley Franklin Neva John Sixbey R. Anderson Thomas Dougherty Martin Hirsch Ernest Newbrun Craig A. Smith F. S. Archibald Kathleen M. Downey Jan V. Hirschmann Thalia Nicas Thomas Smith Devron Averett Richard Duma Glen R. Hodger H. Nikaido Jack Sobel Carl-Erik Nord Kenneth F. Soike Johan S. Bakken Paul H. Edelstein B. Houwen Pam Sokol Robert M.
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