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198 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY [Volume 14 vealed that the taxon in question was firstcol- Suffruticosechamaephyte to ca. 0.5 m tall,the lected east of Sebring in 1948 by a local plant floriferousand vegetative shoots stiffand as- collector,Ray Garrett.Garrett sent several spec- cending froma ramosewoody base; odor minty- imens to ErdmanWest at the Universityof Flor- cineole. Taproot branched with extensive ida, which were later identifiedas D. frutescens spreading fibrous secondary roots. Stem gla- by Daniel B. Ward (herbariumannotations, 1976; brous except for sparse unicellular-pubescence Ward 1979), and Richard P. Wunderlin (1984). at nodes. Leaves more or less sessile; apices These specimens were also reviewed by Huck rounded; bases cuneate; marginsentire; adaxial (1987), in her monographicstudy of this south- and abaxial surfacesglandular-pitted. Leaves of eastern U.S. genus, and placed with D. frutes- determinateflowering shoots not subtending cens.Wunderlin's (1984) attemptto relocatethese cymesnarrowly ovate to narrowlyoblong, (4)5- populations of "D. frutescens"was unsuccessful. 11(14) mm long, (0.8)1-2.5 mm wide, similarto Other recentstudents of Dicerandra,L. H. Shin- but smaller than leaves of overwintering,veg- ners and R. Kral, apparently did not see Gar- etativeshoots; leaves subtendingcymes 2-8 mm rett's material because these specimens were long, 0.5-1.8 mm wide; leaves of axillary fas- neither annotated by them nor cited in their cicles 1-7 mm long, similar to bracts of cyme respective publications (Kral 1982; Shinners but slightlylonger. Internodesof upper (cyme- 1962). Withone of these specimens,Garrett had bearing) portion of determinate flowering included a note (now attachedto a sheetat FLAS) shoots 6-16 mm long, those of lower (vegeta- indicating his opinion that the plant repre- tive) portion of shoots 3-20 mm long, those of sented an undescribed species in a new genus overwinteringvegetative shoots usually 3-10 closely related to Dicerandra-a conclusion not mm. Inflorescencea verticillaster,each axillary unexpected,for no suffrutescentDicerandra had cyme of 1 to 3 flowerssubsessile or with a pe- been described at thattime (see Shinners 1962). duncle to 1 mm long; pedicels 2.5-6 mm long. Recent studies of the populations near Se- Calyx 13-ribbed,bilobed, the lower lobe biden- bring have confirmedtheir distinctnessfrom tate and the upper lobe with two strongly Dicerandrafrutescens, the recognitionof the tax- winged ridges meeting at summit,6.5-10 mm on at the specific level, and the phylogenetic long, ca. 2 mm wide (at midpoint), bordered placement of the new species. Following the with an indistinctwhite band, unicellular cil- detailed field work of S. Christmanin discov- iate-margined,glandular-pitted, and with an ering populations and pointing out important internalannular band of flat,distally appressed, taxonomic characters,D. christmaniiis here de- 1 mm long multicellular (uniseriate) hairs in- scribed,illustrated, and compared with related serted 1-1.5 mm below the mouth; awns ca. 1 taxa. mm long, triangular.Corolla infundibular,ge- niculate to ca. 900; tube 7-10 mm long; limb (fromgeniculum to distal edge of upper lobe) Dicerandra christmaniiHuck & Judd,sp. nov. 5-10 mm long, the superior lobe a recurving, (figs. 1-3).-TYPE: United States, Florida, cleftstandard, ca. 5 mm wide and set back from Highlands Co., 5.8 mi fromDesoto Ave. in the outer margin of the inferiortripartite lobe, Sebring to Central Blvd. E of Sebring, off the sinusbetween the superiorand inferiorlobes C-17 on north-southridge, oak scrub (fig. cut to ca. 9 mm, the midpetal of inferiorlobe 4, pop. 4), 10 Sep 1987, R. Huck, R. Wun- recurved; inner surface pubescent with multi- derlin,B. Hansen & K. DeLaney 4825 (holo- cellular conical hairs,the interiorof tube below type: FLAS; isotypes: A, BHO, DUKE, F, geniculum with longer multicellularhairs; out- FLAS, FSU, FTG, GA, K, MO, MSC, NCU, er surfacepubescent with stipitatehairs; corolla NY, SMU, TEX, UC, US, USF). buds yellow, at maturitypale cream (eventually Species haec a Dicerandra frutescerYsShin- fading to white) with vivid purple-red mark- ners antherisflavis (vs. antheris lavandulis vel ings, often trellised-patterned,on upper lobe interdumalbis), corolla cremea(vs. corolla alba), and irregularspots on lower lobe. Stamens 4, foliis (4)5-11(14) mm longis, cineolis aromati- didynamous,exerted slightly beyond the lower cis, connectivo antherae eglandulosis vel spar- corolla lobe, tiltingupward upon anthesis,then sim glandulosis, et calcaribus antherae brevio- at maturitystraight and declinate along lower ribus, i.e., 0.34-0.6 mm longis differt. lobe; filamentswhite, inserted at the same level 1989] HUCK ET AL.: DICERANDRA 199 D A ~~~~~~~~~~3mm t ~~~~'~ X '1~ SS ' 1cm 1mm tS Giv_ _ _ 2mm2 m FIG.1. Dicerandrachristmanii. A. Flowering branch. B. Leaf. C, D. Flower: frontaland lateralviews. E. Longitudinalsection of corolla showing upper lip (=standard) and attachmentof stamens(corolla splitthrough middle of lower lip). F, G. Anthers. H. Apex of style. I. Ovary. J.Nutlets and persistentcalyx. withinthe corolla; connectivewidened, basally Additional specimensexamined. UNITED STATES. covered with few, small, reddish and yellow Florida: Highlands Co., T34S, R29E, Sect. 36, 2.8 mi glands or such glands lacking; anthersacs bril- SE on Airport Rd. (=Rt. 17) fromjct with Rt. 17A, liantyellow, sometimes tinged basally with red; then E on Moon Ranch Rd. 1 mi, then N on Snyder spurs brilliantyellow, 0.34-0.6 mm long, del- Rd. 0.6 mi, then E on RR trackca. 0.4-0.5 mi (pop. 1), toid,glabrous, directed upward into the corolla. Alcorn172 (FLAS, GH); along RR tracksca. 3.5 mi E Pollen white and sticky.Pistil white, 18-26 mm of Sebring (pop. 1), Christman1759 (FLAS); ca. 2 mi E of jct. of Rt. 27 and Rt. 98 on Rt. 98, then ca. 0.5 mi long, with a slender hirtellous style. Fruit a N, near RR tracks (pop. 5), Christman1840 (FLAS); of 4 schizocarp nutlets,the nutletsovoid, brown, T35S, R29E, Sect. 12, E of Central Blvd., 0.3 mi S of smooth; pericarp of compact cellulosic (slime) C-623, ca. 5.5 mi SE of Sebring (pop. 4), DeLaney 1399 cells, which, when wet, become mucilaginous. (USF); T34S, R29E, Sect. 35, scrub along W side of Flowering fromJuly to November, but primar- Snyder Rd., ca. 'A mi S of RR tracksat end of road, 3 ily during Septemberand October. mi E of Sebring (pop. 2), DeLaney 1400 (USF); T34S, 200 SYSTEMATICBOTANY [Volume 14 FIG.2. Flowers of shrubbyspecies of Dicerandra. A. D. christmanii.B. D. frutescens. C. D. immaculata. D. D. cornutissimna. R29E, Sect. 35, scrub 0.45 mi S of RR tracks,W side Rd.,then W on AirportRd. 0.9 mi, then SW on Central of Snyder Rd. (pop. 2), DeLaney 1440 (USF); T35S, Blvd,ca. 0.4 mi at "FlamingoVillas", near Sebring R29E, Sect. 12, scrub 0.6 mi S of C-623 on Central (pop. 4), Judd5570 (A, F, FLAS,FTG, MO, NCU, NY, Blvd. (pop. 4), DeLaney 1452 (USF); T34S, R29E, Sect. SMU, US, USF); T35S, R29E,Sect. 1, near Sebring, 35, scrub 0.3 mi S of RR tracks,W side of Snyder Rd. fromjct of Moon RanchRd. and AirportRd., then E (pop. 2), DeLaney 1453 (USF); T34S, R29E, Sect. 36, on Moon RanchRd. 1.4 mi, scrubat S side of road scrub along RR tracks,0.6 mi E of Snyder Rd. (pop. (pop. 3),Judd 5573 (FLAS,NCU, SMU,USF); (pop. 1), 1), DeLaney 1460 (USF); along Seaboard RR track ca. Skean 2130 (F, FLAS,FSU, GA, GH, MO, NCU, NY, 3.5 mi E of Sebring (pop. 2?), 9 Aug 1948, Garretts.n. US, USF); (pop. 2), Skean 2134 (FLAS,MO); (pop. 4), (FLAS); along Seaboard RR trackca. 4 mi E of Sebring Skean2168 (FLAS,NY); (pop. 3), Skean 2170 (FLAS). (pop. 1?), 30 Aug 1948, Garretts.n. (FLAS); along Sea- board RR track E of Sebring (pop. 1 or 2?), 25 Sep 1948, Garretts.n. (FLAS); (pop. 2), Hansen et al. 11400 Distribution and Ecology. Dicerandra (USF); T35S, R29E, Sect. 12, SW of C-623, 5.7 mi SE christmaniiis known fromonly fivepopulations of Sebring (pop. 4), Hansen et al. 11407 (USF); (pop. located to the south and southeast of Sebring 1), Judd5548 (A, DUKE, F, FLAS, FSU, MO, NY, RSA, in Highlands Co., Florida (fig. 4). All popula- Se- US, USF); T34S, R29E, Sect. 35 (NE corner), E of tions occur in openings within areas of sclero- 2.8 mi SE on AirportRd. (C-623) fromjct with bring, phyllous oak scrub on well to excessively Rt. 17A, then E on Moon Ranch Rd. 1 mi, then N on drained deep yellow sand (Astatulaand Tavares SnyderRd. 0.5 mi, near end of road just S of RR tracks (pop. 2), Judd5549 (F, FLAS, FSU, GA, MO, NCU, NY, soils) with a depth to seasonal high water table US, USF); T35S, R29E, Sect. 12, fromjct of US. 27 and of 1-2 m (or more). See Appendix I for list of US. 98, E on US. 98 3.2 mi, then N on rd. to Airport associated species. 1989] HUCK ET AL.: DICERANDRA 201 m~ VW. _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_f 4~~~~~~FG .Hbt .Dcradacrsmni .D rtses FDr 4 S f:f 202 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY [Volume 14 throughout the geographical range of both species. All fiveknown populations of D. christ- maniiwere studied in the field,along with eight of the nine extantpopulations of D. frutescens. In addition, herbariummaterial was examined and measured (see Huck 1987, and specimens cited herein, and Appendix II). These analyses 27X 1 indicate that D. christmaniiand D. frutescensare A distinguished by several morphological and chemical characters,as discussed below. Flower Color. Field study revealed that D. christmaniicould be distinguished fromD. fru- 0: tescensby the color of its anthers and corollas.
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