DOCSLIB.ORG

Bioactive Potential of Vitis Labrusca L. Grape Juices from the Southern Region of Brazil

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bioactive Potential of Vitis Labrusca L. Grape Juices from the Southern Region of Brazil View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Food Chemistry 173 (2015) 527–535 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food Chemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchem Bioactive potential of Vitis labrusca L. grape juices from the Southern Region of Brazil: Phenolic and elemental composition and effect on lipid peroxidation in healthy subjects Isabela Maia Toaldo a, Fernanda Alves Cruz b, Tatiana de Lima Alves b, Jefferson Santos de Gois c, ⇑ Daniel L.G. Borges c,d, Heloisa Pamplona Cunha b, Edson Luiz da Silva b, Marilde T. Bordignon-Luiz a, a Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga Rd., 1346, Itacorubi, 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil b Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Delfino Conti St., Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil c Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Des. Vitor Lima Av., Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil d INCT de Energia e Ambiente do CNPq1, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil article info abstract Article history: Grapes are rich in polyphenols with biologically active properties. Although the bioactive potential of Received 10 April 2014 grape constituents are frequently reported, the effects of Brazilian Vitis labrusca L. grape juices ingestion Received in revised form 8 September 2014 have not been demonstrated in humans. This study identified the phenolic and elemental composition of Accepted 20 September 2014 red and white grape juices and the effect of organic and conventional red grape juice consumption on Available online 23 October 2014 lipid peroxidation in healthy individuals. Concentrations of anthocyanins, flavanols and phenolic acids and the in vitro antioxidant activity were significantly higher in the organic juice. The macro-elements Chemical compounds studied in this article: K, Ca, Na and Mg were the most abundant minerals in all juices. The acute consumption of red grape Malvidin-3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID: juices promoted significant decrease of lipid peroxides in serum and TBARS levels in plasma. It is con- 443652) Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID: cluded that red V. labrusca L. grape juices produced in Southern Brazil showed lipid peroxidation inhibi- 25244576) tion abilities in healthy subjects, regardless of the cultivation system. Cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside (PubChem CID: Ó 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 441688) Malvidin-3,5-diglucoside (PubChem CID: 441765) Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID: 443650) Peonidin-3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID: 443654) Trans-resveratrol (PubChem CID: 445154) Catechin (PubChem CID: 9064) Vanillic acid (PubChem CID: 8468) Myricetin (PubChem CID: 5281672) Keywords: Grape Organic juice Phenolic compounds Elemental composition Oxidative stress 1. Introduction eliciting beneficial functions such as antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective (Bagchi Natural foods of high nutritional quality play an important role et al., 2000; Chira, Suh, Saucier, & Teissèdre, 2008). Grape and in maintaining human health. Grape (Vitis sp.) contains a diversity grape derivatives are a natural source of phenolic compounds of phytochemical polyphenols that act on human physiology, and represent important sources of polyphenols in the human diet. These compounds are responsible for the bioactive properties of ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +55 48 3721 5376; fax: +55 48 3721 9943. wines and grape juices (Chira et al., 2008; Mulero, Pardo, & E-mail address: [email protected] (M.T. Bordignon-Luiz). Zafrilla, 2010). 1 www.cienam.ufba.br. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.171 0308-8146/Ó 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 528 I.M. Toaldo et al. / Food Chemistry 173 (2015) 527–535 Grape juice is a non-fermented grape derivative with typical oline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl characteristics regarding its colour, aroma and flavour. This natural (DPPH) radicals, and the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent were purchased beverage is highly appreciated and consumed worldwide (Rizzon & from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Trichloroacetic acid Meneguzzo, 2007). The expansion of viticulture and production of (TCA), iron and ammonium sulphates, n-butanol, ferric chloride, derivatives, as well as the health benefits related to grape polyphe- hydrogen peroxide, 2-thio-barbituric acid (TBA), 5,50-dithiobis nols, have led to a growing interest concerning the nutritional (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), quality and bioactive potential of grape juice (Dani et al., 2007). malondialdehyde (MDA) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) were pur- In recent years, consumers are prioritizing a more healthy diet chased from Sigma–Aldrich. All chromatographic solvents (HLPC and there are increasing knowledge and concern regarding food grade) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Pure, quality, food safety and environmental protection (Cardoso, analytical standards of polyphenols and organic acids (HPLC grade) Tomazini, Stringheta, Ribeiro, & Pinheiro-Sant’Ana, 2011). The need were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich. Distilled and deionized water for cultivating systems with less aggressive impact on the environ- with resistivity of 18.2 MO cm was generated by a Milli-Q Plus sys- ment, aiming for preservation and sustainable development of viti- tem from Millipore (Bedford, USA). For the elemental analysis, con- culture practices, have contributed to the expansion of organic centrated nitric acid 65% (m/m) from Merck was doubly purified by grape culture and production of organic grape juice (Rombaldi, sub-boiling distillation in a quartz still from Kürner Analysentech- Bergamasqui, Lucchetta, Zanuzo, & Silva, 2004). Organic grapes nik (Rosenheim, Germany). The standard multielemental solution and crops must be grown in safe soil and must remain separate ICP III from Perkin-Elmer (Norwalk, USA) and Ca, K, Na and Rh from conventional products. The application of synthetic pesti- stock standard solution supplied by Sigma–Aldrich (Buchs, Swit- cides, bioengineered substances (GMOs), synthetic fertilizers and zerland) were employed. Argon gas with purity of 99.996%, acety- contaminating compounds are not allowed (Mulero et al., 2010). lene and nitrous oxide were purchased from Linde (Blumenau, American varieties of Vitis labrusca L. are widely cultivated in Brazil). North and South America and are a very relevant source of poly- phenols in Western diets. In Brazil, these varieties represent more than 80% of processed grapes, mainly destined for grape juice pro- 2.2. Grape samples and grape juice processing duction. The most commonly cultivated V. labrusca L. grapes are Bordo, Isabel, Concord and Niagara, which account for around Grapes from V. labrusca L. varieties Bordo, Isabel and Niagara 50% of the total grape production (Nixdorf & Hermosín-Gutiérrez, Branca grown in São Marcos, Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), in the 2010; Toaldo et al., 2013). The main phenolic compounds generally South Region of Brazil, and cultivated in the conventional and present in grape juices are anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, organic systems were used for grape juice preparation through phenolic acids and resveratrol (Natividade, Corrêa, Souza, Pereira, an industrial-scale technological process. The varietal grapes were & Lima, 2013; Rizzon & Meneguzzo, 2007). manually harvested at the stage of technical maturity, with soluble The consumption of polyphenol-rich diets is associated with a solids readings between 14 and 20 °Brix, according to OIV (1990). reduced risk of developing chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, After harvesting, grapes were kept separately at room temperature heart disease, cancer and diabetes. (20 °C) until juice processing within a period of 2 days. Three vari- Epidemiological studies have shown that these compounds etal grape juices were produced without the addition of water, sug- exert protective effect on oxidative damage induced by free radicals ars, flavourings or preservatives, comprising an organic red juice, present in cells and tissues (O’Byrne, Devaraj, Grundy, & Jialal, elaborated with organic Bordo grapes, a conventional red juice, 2002). The action of polyphenols is associated with modulation of prepared with conventional Isabel and Bordo grapes at a juice pro- important physiological parameters such as antioxidant activity, portion of 1:1 (v/v), and a conventional white juice, prepared with vascular and platelet function, blood pressure and the plasma lipid Niagara Branca grapes. profile, as a result of improved resistance towards oxidative stress, The V. labrusca L. grape juice were produced through a continu- inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction (García-Alonso, Ros, ous-flow process and the grape juice samples were collected after Vidal-Guevara, & Periago, 2006; Van Duynhoven et al., 2010). the final stage of processing. The grape varieties were processed The characteristics of V. labrusca L. grape juices are scarcely separately and when necessary the blending of grape juices was reported in literature and information about organic grape and carried out previously to the final pasteurisation process. Initially, organic grape juices is rarely provided. Furthermore, the identifica- grape berries were crushed using an industrial mechanical crusher tion of important factors responsible for the bioactive properties (EDA, São Paulo, Brazil)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Growing Grapes in Missouri
    MS-29 June 2003 GrowingGrowing GrapesGrapes inin MissouriMissouri State Fruit Experiment Station Missouri State University-Mountain Grove Growing Grapes in Missouri Editors: Patrick Byers, et al. State Fruit Experiment Station Missouri State University Department of Fruit Science 9740 Red Spring Road Mountain Grove, Missouri 65711-2999 http://mtngrv.missouristate.edu/ The Authors John D. Avery Patrick L. Byers Susanne F. Howard Martin L. Kaps Laszlo G. Kovacs James F. Moore, Jr. Marilyn B. Odneal Wenping Qiu José L. Saenz Suzanne R. Teghtmeyer Howard G. Townsend Daniel E. Waldstein Manuscript Preparation and Layout Pamela A. Mayer The authors thank Sonny McMurtrey and Katie Gill, Missouri grape growers, for their critical reading of the manuscript. Cover photograph cv. Norton by Patrick Byers. The viticulture advisory program at the Missouri State University, Mid-America Viticulture and Enology Center offers a wide range of services to Missouri grape growers. For further informa- tion or to arrange a consultation, contact the Viticulture Advisor at the Mid-America Viticulture and Enology Center, 9740 Red Spring Road, Mountain Grove, Missouri 65711- 2999; telephone 417.547.7508; or email the Mid-America Viticulture and Enology Center at [email protected]. Information is also available at the website http://www.mvec-usa.org Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction.................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 2 Considerations in Planning a Vineyard ........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of Vitaceae Based on Plastid Sequence Data
    PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF VITACEAE BASED ON PLASTID SEQUENCE DATA by PAUL NAUDE Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER SCIENTAE in BOTANY in the FACULTY OF SCIENCE at the UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: DR. M. VAN DER BANK December 2005 I declare that this dissertation has been composed by myself and the work contained within, unless otherwise stated, is my own Paul Naude (December 2005) TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Abstract iii Index of Figures iv Index of Tables vii Author Abbreviations viii Acknowledgements ix CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Vitaceae 1 1.2 Genera of Vitaceae 6 1.2.1 Vitis 6 1.2.2 Cayratia 7 1.2.3 Cissus 8 1.2.4 Cyphostemma 9 1.2.5 Clematocissus 9 1.2.6 Ampelopsis 10 1.2.7 Ampelocissus 11 1.2.8 Parthenocissus 11 1.2.9 Rhoicissus 12 1.2.10 Tetrastigma 13 1.3 The genus Leea 13 1.4 Previous taxonomic studies on Vitaceae 14 1.5 Main objectives 18 CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 21 2.1 DNA extraction and purification 21 2.2 Primer trail 21 2.3 PCR amplification 21 2.4 Cycle sequencing 22 2.5 Sequence alignment 22 2.6 Sequencing analysis 23 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 32 3.1 Results from primer trail 32 3.2 Statistical results 32 3.3 Plastid region results 34 3.3.1 rpL 16 34 3.3.2 accD-psa1 34 3.3.3 rbcL 34 3.3.4 trnL-F 34 3.3.5 Combined data 34 CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 42 4.1 Molecular evolution 42 4.2 Morphological characters 42 4.3 Previous taxonomic studies 45 4.4 Conclusions 46 CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES 48 APPENDIX STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DATA 59 ii ABSTRACT Five plastid regions as source for phylogenetic information were used to investigate the relationships among ten genera of Vitaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Wine Grape Terminology- the Lingo of Viticulture
    Wine Grape Terminology- The Lingo of Viticulture Dr. Duke Elsner Small Fruit Educator Michigan State University Extension Traverse City, Michigan 2014 Wine Grape Vineyard Establishment Conference Viticulture Terminology Where to start? How far to go? – Until my time runs out! What are grapes? “…thornless, dark-stemmed, green- flowered, mostly shreddy-barked, high-climbing vines that climb by means of tendrils.” Cultivated species of grapes Vitis labrusca – Native to North America – Procumbent shoot growth habit – Concord, Niagara, dozens more Vitis vinifera – Eastern Europe, middle east – Upright shoot growth habit – Riesling, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Gewurztraminer, etc. Other important species of grapes Vitis aestivalis Summer grape Vitis riparia Riverbank grape Vitis rupestris Sand grape Vitis rotundifolia Muscadine grape Vitis cinerea Winter grape Variety A varient form of a wild plant that has been recognized as a true taxon ranking below sub- species. Cultivar A variety of a plant species originating and continuing in cultivation and given a name in modern language. Hybrid Cultivar A new cultivar resulting from the intentional crossing of selected cultivars, varieties or species. Hybrid Cultivar A new cultivar resulting from the intentional crossing of selected cultivars, varieties or species. Clone (clonal selection) A strain of grape cultivar that has been derived by asexual reproduction and presumably has a desirable characteristic that sets it apart from the “parent” variety. Pinot Noir = cultivar Pinot Noir Pommard = clone Grafted vine A vine produced by a “surgical” procedure that connects one or more desired fruiting cultivars onto a variety with desired root characteristics. Scion Above-graft part of a grafted vine, including leaf and fruit-bearing parts.
    [Show full text]
  • Grape Varieties for Indiana
    Commercial • HO-221-W Grape Varieties for Indiana COMMERCIAL HORTICULTURE • DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE PURDUE UNIVERSITY COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE • WEST LAFAYETTE, IN Bruce Bordelon Selection of the proper variety is a major factor for fungal diseases than that of Concord (Table 1). Catawba successful grape production in Indiana. Properly match- also experiences foliar injury where ozone pollution ing the variety to the climate of the vineyard site is occurs. This grape is used primarily in white or pink necessary for consistent production of high quality dessert wines, but it is also used for juice production and grapes. Grape varieties fall into one of three groups: fresh market sales. This grape was widely grown in the American, French-American hybrids, and European. Cincinnati area during the mid-1800’s. Within each group are types suited for juice and wine or for fresh consumption. American and French-American Niagara is a floral, strongly labrusca flavored white grape hybrid varieties are suitable for production in Indiana. used for juice, wine, and fresh consumption. It ranks The European, or vinifera varieties, generally lack the below Concord in cold hardiness and ripens somewhat necessary cold hardiness to be successfully grown in earlier. On favorable sites, yields can equal or surpass Indiana except on the very best sites. those of Concord. Acidity is lower than for most other American varieties. The first section of this publication discusses American, French-American hybrids, and European varieties of wine Other American Varieties grapes. The second section discusses seeded and seedless table grape varieties. Included are tables on the best adapted varieties for Indiana and their relative Delaware is an early-ripening red variety with small berries, small clusters, and a mild American flavor.
    [Show full text]
  • The Muscadine Grape (Vitis Rotundifolia Michx)1 Peter C
    HS763 The Muscadine Grape (Vitis rotundifolia Michx)1 Peter C. Andersen, Ali Sarkhosh, Dustin Huff, and Jacque Breman2 Introduction from improved selections, and in fact, one that has been found in the Scuppernong River of North Carolina has The muscadine grape is native to the southeastern United been named ‘Scuppernong’. There are over 100 improved States and was the first native grape species to be cultivated cultivars of muscadine grapes that vary in size from 1/4 to in North America (Figure 1). The natural range of musca- 1 ½ inches in diameter and 4 to 15 grams in weight. Skin dine grapes extends from Delaware to central Florida and color ranges from light bronze to pink to purple to black. occurs in all states along the Gulf Coast to east Texas. It also Flesh is clear and translucent for all muscadine grape extends northward along the Mississippi River to Missouri. berries. Muscadine grapes will perform well throughout Florida, although performance is poor in calcareous soils or in soils with very poor drainage. Most scientists divide the Vitis ge- nus into two subgenera: Euvitis (the European, Vitis vinifera L. grapes and the American bunch grapes, Vitis labrusca L.) and the Muscadania grapes (muscadine grapes). There are three species within the Muscadania subgenera (Vitis munsoniana, Vitis popenoei and Vitis rotundifolia). Euvitis and Muscadania have somatic chromosome numbers of 38 and 40, respectively. Vines do best in deep, fertile soils, and they can often be found in adjacent riverbeds. Wild muscadine grapes are functionally dioecious due to incomplete stamen formation in female vines and incom- plete pistil formation in male vines.
    [Show full text]
  • Champanel Grapes Make Excellent Jelly and Are Often Used to Make a Fruity-Flavored Red Wine
    EHT-120 4/19 Grape Variety Profile: Champanel Justin Scheiner* Champanel is a Pierce’s Disease (PD) tol- erant hybrid grape cultivar. It was developed by T.V. Munson in 1893 as a cross between the native Texas species Vitis champinii and the Worden cultivar. Worden is a Vitis labrusca hybrid grape, similar to Concord. As such, Champanel resembles Concord in appearance and flavor but is better adapted to the growing conditions in Texas. Champanel has a procumbent (downward) growth habit with pubescent shoots and leaves. These fine “hairs” grow densely on the back side Figure 1: Two year old Champanel vine displaying a of the leaves, giving them an aesthetic silver or downward growth habit. light grey appearance. The leaves of Champanel can be quite large —6 to 8 inches across (Fig. 2). Champanel is a vigorous grower and should be trained to a high wire system that allows the shoots to cascade downward. Champanel is very popular for arbors and other structures due to its attractive appearance and fruit. Champanel grapes make excellent jelly and are often used to make a fruity-flavored red wine. Champanel is typically grown as un-grafted or own-rooted vines. It has been used as root- stock due to its tolerance to a wide range of soil * Extension Viticulture Specialist, The Texas A&M University System Figure 2: Large leaf and cluster of Champanel. conditions and possible tolerance to cotton root This moth often heavily infests the leaves of rot. Champanel and the wild mustang grape (Vitis While Champanel has good resistance to mustangensis).
    [Show full text]
  • Study of the Cluster Thinning Grape As a Source of Phenolic Compounds and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Potential
    biomolecules Article Study of the Cluster Thinning Grape as a Source of Phenolic Compounds and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Potential Yolanda Carmona-Jiménez , Miguel Palma , Dominico A. Guillén-Sánchez * and M. Valme García-Moreno * Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Vitivinícola y Agroalimentaria (IVAGRO), Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain; [email protected] (Y.C.-J.); [email protected] (M.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (D.A.G.-S.); [email protected] (M.V.G.-M.) Abstract: Thinning is a common viticulture practice in warm climates, and it is applied to increase the quality of the harvest. Thinning clusters are usually discarded, and they are considered another oenological industry waste. To valorize this by-product, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of three red varieties (Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Syrah), thinned at three different times between veraison and harvest, were studied: the first at the beginning of the veraison stage, in a low ripening stage; the second in an intermediate ripening stage; and, finally, the third sampling in the highest ripening stage. These by-products showed high values of total phenolic contents (10.66–11.75 mg gallic acid equivalent/g), which is of the same order as or even higher than that found in grape pomace. In thinned grape were identified 24 phenolic compounds, being the flavan- 3-ols (catechin and epicatechin) of particular interest, with mean contents ranging from 105.1 to 516.4 mg/kg of thinned grape. Antioxidant activity similar to that of the vintage grape was found.
    [Show full text]
  • Grape Varieties for Indiana HO-221-W Purdue Extension 2
    PURDUE EXTENSION PURDUE EXTENSION HO-221-W Grape Varieties for Indiana Bruce Bordelon Matching the variety’s characteristics to the site climate Purdue Horticulture and Landscape Architecture is critical for successful grape production.Varieties differ www.hort.purdue.edu significantly in their cold hardiness, ripening dates, All photos by Bruce Bordelon and Steve Somermeyer tolerance to diseases, and so on, so some are better suited to certain sites than others. The most important considerations in variety selection are: Selecting an appropriate grape variety is a major factor for successful production in Indiana and all parts of • Matching the variety’s cold hardiness to the site’s the Midwest. There are literally thousands of grape expected minimum winter temperatures varieties available. Realistically, however, there are only • Matching the variety’s ripening season with the site’s a few dozen that are grown to any extent worldwide, and length of growing season and heat unit accumulation fewer than 20 make up the bulk of world production. Consistent production of high quality grapes requires The minimum temperature expected for an area properly matching the variety to the climate of the often dictates variety selection. In Indiana, midwinter vineyard site. minimum temperatures range from 0 to -5°F in the southwest corner, to -15 to -20°F in the northwest This publication identifies these climactic factors, and and north central regions.Very hardy varieties can then examines wine grape varieties and table grape withstand temperatures as cold as -15°F with little injury, varieties. Tables 1, 2, and 3 provide the varieties best while tender varieties will suffer significant injury at adapted for Indiana, their relative cold hardiness and temperatures slightly below zero.
    [Show full text]
  • Modifications Induced by Rootstocks on Yield, Vigor and Nutritional
    agronomy Article Modifications Induced by Rootstocks on Yield, Vigor and Nutritional Status on Vitis vinifera Cv Syrah under Hyper-Arid Conditions in Northern Chile Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez 1 , Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa 2,* , Irina Díaz-Gálvez 3, Antonio Ibacache 4 and Andrés Zurita-Silva 1,* 1 Centro de Investigación Intihuasi, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, Colina San Joaquín s/n, La Serena 1700000, Chile; [email protected] 2 Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba 8580000, Chile 3 Centro de Investigación Raihuén, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, Casilla 34, San Javier 3660000, Chile; [email protected] 4 Private Consultant, La Serena 1700000, Chile; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (G.G.-G.); [email protected] (A.Z.-S.) Abstract: Hyper-arid regions are characterized by extreme conditions for growing and lack of water (<100 mm annual rainfall average), where desertification renders human activities almost impossible. In addition to the use of irrigation, different viticultural strategies should be taken into account to face the adverse effects of these conditions in which rootstocks may play a crucial role. The research Citation: Verdugo-Vásquez, N.; aim was to evaluate the effects of the rootstock on yield, vigor, and petiole nutrient content in Syrah Gutiérrez-Gamboa, G.; Díaz-Gálvez, grapevines growing under hyper-arid conditions during five seasons and compare them to ungrafted I.; Ibacache, A.; Zurita-Silva, A. ones. St. George induced lower yield than 1103 Paulsen. Salt Creek induced higher plant growth Modifications Induced by Rootstocks on Yield, Vigor and Nutritional Status vigor and Cu petiole content than ungrafted vines in Syrah, which was correlated to P petiole content.
    [Show full text]
  • Science Sixtyfirst61 National Conference a Platform for Progress
    science sixtyfirst61 national conference a platform for progress 61st ASEV National Conference June 20–24, 2010 Washington State Convention Center Seattle, Washington USA TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS american society for enology and viticulture 2010 National Conference Technical Abstracts Oral Abstracts (Research Reports) Wednesday, June 23 Wine Microbiology ...............................................................................................41–43 Cultural Practices ..................................................................................................44–46 General Enology ....................................................................................................47–48 Irrigation/Soils/Nutrition ......................................................................................49–51 Thursday, June 24 Phenolics ...............................................................................................................52–54 Vine Composition and Environmental Viticulture ................................................55–57 Wine Aroma/Sensory ............................................................................................58–59 General Viticulture ................................................................................................60–61 Poster Abstracts (Research Reports) Wednesday, June 23 and Thursday, June 24 Enology .................................................................................................................62–72 Viticulture ............................................................................................................73–90
    [Show full text]
  • Screening of Vitis Genotypes Against Botrytis Cinerea and Response Of
    Screening of Vitis genotypes against Botrytis cinerea and response of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species and jasmonic acid in resistant and susceptible-hosts Mati Ur Rahman 1, 2†. MuhammadHanif 1, 2†. Ran Wan 1, 3. Xiaoqing Hou 1, 2. Bilal Ahmad 1, 2. Xiping Wang 1, 2* 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China 2Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China 3 College of Horticulture, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China † These authors have contributed equally to this research work. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Table S1. Vitis species evaluated in this study are listed with their botanical names, author names and plant family in the table given below. S.No. Species Family name Authors name 1. Vitis vinifera L. Vitaceae Carl Linnaeus 2. Vitis labrusca L. Vitaceae Carl Linnaeus 3. Vitis amurensis Rupr. Vitaceae Franz Josef Ruprecht 4. Vitis davidii Foex Vitaceae Gustave Foëx 5. Vitis riparia Michx. Vitaceae André Michaux Table S2 .Lesions percentage on the leaves of 81 Vitis genotypes infected with B. cinerea from 2016 to 2017. Specises Name of cultivars Lesions percentages (%) 2016 2017 Beauty Seedless 69.6 ± 1.53 71.0 ± 2.00 Vitis vinifera L V. vinefera L x V.Amurensis Beibinghong 74.2 ± 0.93 75.1 ± 0.81 Rupr V. vinefera L x V.Amurensis Beichun 90.6 ± 1.15 91.3
    [Show full text]
  • The Interaction of Phylloxera Infection, Rootstock, and Irrigation on Young Concord Grapevine Growth
    Vitis 40 (4), 225228 (2001) (Titel) 225 The interaction of phylloxera infection, rootstock, and irrigation on young Concord grapevine growth T. R. B ATES , G. E NGLISH -L OEB , R. M. D UNST , T. T AFT , and A. L AKSO Cornell University, Vineyard Laboratory, Fredonia, New York, USA Summary HELM 1987). Although phylloxera infection does not kill Con- Concord roots are moderately resistant to phylloxera, cord grapevines, their roots support large populations of which form nodosities on the fine roots and weaken the root phylloxera in the northeast U. S. (S TEVENSON 1964; system. Rootstocks and vineyard floor management both TASCHENBERG 1965). Phylloxera nodosities weaken the root have the potential to eliminate or reduce the effect of system and potentially decrease the water and nutrient ab- phylloxera in New York Concord vineyards. Young, con- sorbing capacity of Concord. Roots moderately resistant to tainer-grown Concord grapevines were used to evaluate the phylloxera have been shown to perform as poorly as interaction between rootstock (own-rooted, Couderc 3309), V. vinifera roots in the field. In Fredonia, N. Y., White Ries- irrigation, and phylloxera infection on vine growth. ling grafted to Elvira rootstock ( V. labrusca- derived) had Phylloxera inoculation alone caused a 21 % decrease in the same cane pruning weight and yield as own-rooted vines; vine dry mass and lack of irrigation (mid-day stem water however, White Riesling grafted to phylloxera resistant root- potential: -0.9 to -1.0 MPa) alone caused a 34 % decrease stocks showed increased productivity (P OOL et al. 1992). in vine dry mass. The combination of phylloxera stress and The lack of adequate vegetative growth (vine size) is a water stress was additive and caused a 54 % decrease in major limitation to Concord production in New York (S HAULIS vine dry mass.
    [Show full text]