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Diptera: Fanniidae) Collected on Pig Carrion in Portugal with Additional Data on the Distribution of F

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Diptera: Fanniidae) Collected on Pig Carrion in Portugal with Additional Data on the Distribution of F © Entomologica Fennica. 3 October 2012 New records of Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Fanniidae) collected on pig carrion in Portugal with additional data on the distribution of F. conspecta Rudzinski, 2003 Andrzej Grzywacz & Catarina Prado e Castro Grzywacz, A. & Prado e Castro, C. 2012: New records of Fannia Robineau- Desvoidy (Diptera: Fanniidae) collected on pig carrion in Portugal with addi- tional data on the distribution of F.conspecta Rudzinski, 2003. — Entomol. Fen- nica 23: 169–176. During a study of arthropod succession on pig carrion in Portugal eleven species of Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Fanniidae) were collected, of which F. aequilineata Ringdahl, F. arm ata (Meigen) and F. pusio (Wiedemann) are new records for Portugal, F. consepcta Rudzinski and F. lineata (Stein) are newly re- corded for the whole Iberian Peninsula and F. tunisiae Chillcott is for the first time reported from the continental Europe. Additional information on the occur- rence of F.conspecta in Czech Republic, Denmark, Greece, and Southern Russia are presented. The number of Fanniidae distributed throughout the Iberian Penin- sula raises from 35 to 38 and the number of species reported from Portugal raises from 11 to 17. A. Grzywacz, Department of Animal Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Environ- mental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruñ, Poland; E-mail: [email protected] C. Prado e Castro, Centre for Environmental Biology, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon. Ed. C2, Campo Grande. 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; E-mail: [email protected] Received 28 December 2011, accepted 20 March 2012 1. Introduction hrev 2009) as well as Neotropical region (Wendt & Carvalho 2007, Domínguez & Aballay 2008, Fanniidae is a small dipteran family with world- Quiroga & Domínguez 2010, Wendt 2010). Fur- wide distribution and the highest species diver- thermore, a new genus and five species of Fannia sity in temperate zones (Rozkošný et al. 1997). are considered for the description from New Zea- Recent phylogenetic studies based on morpho- land (Holloway 1984, Domínguez & Roig- logical (Domínguez & Roig-Juñent 2008) and Juñent 2008). From the four recognised genera, molecular (Kutty et al. 2008, 2010) data have American Euryomma Stein with the cosmopoli- proved well supported monophyly of the family. tan E. peregrinum (Meigen), cosmopolitan Most of the 300 described species occur in Hol- Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy, Holarctic Piezura arctic region (Carvalho et al. 2003). However, re- Rondani and the Australian endemic Australo- cently new species have been described from Pa- fannia Pont, the straight majority of the species laearctic (e.g. Wang et al. 2007a, b, Pont & Vik- belong to the genus Fannia. Chillcott (1961a), 170 Grzywacz & Prado e Castro • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 23 based mainly on the morphology of male genita- From the Iberian Peninsula 35 species of lia, have assigned Nearctic representatives of Fanniidae have been recorded to date, of which Fannia to the 11 groups of species, dividing also 33 are classified in the genus Fannia (Pont 2004, six of these groups into the 15 subgroups in total. Carles-Tolrá & Páez 2010). Only 11 Fanniidae The proposed classification has been accepted by species were known from Portugal prior to this many authors, and recently revisions and updated study (Pont 2004). Ten of them, F. canicularis, F. definitions of some species groups were pub- coracina (Loew, 1873), F.incisurata (Zetterstedt, lished (e.g. Rozkošný et al. 1997, Couri 2005, 1838), F. leucosticta (Meigen, 1838), F. lepida Wang et al. 2007a, b), also monophyly of some (Wiedemann, 1817), F. lustrator (Harris, 1780), groups was proved in the phylogenetic study of F. manicata, F. monilis (Haliday, 1838), F. scala- Domínguez and Roig-Juñent (2008). ris and F. sociella (Zetterstedt, 1845), belong to Adult Fanniidae are associated with wood- the genus Fannia and the eleventh, E. peregrinum land areas and are relatively rare in open habitats, (Meigen, 1826), is the only Palaearctic represen- however, few species are closely related with hu- tative of Euryomma. The aim of this paper is to re- man estates being thus important for human from port new records of Fannia for Portugal, as well medical and hygienic point of view. Few species as additional data on the occurrence of one re- of Fannia were recognized as vectors of Derma- cently described species in West Palaearctic. tobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr.) (Diptera: Oestridae) (Espindola & Couri 2004). Larvae of Fanniidae are trimorphic sapro- 2. Material and methods phages developing in various types of decompos- ing organic matter, from decaying vegetables, From October 2006 to August 2007 a modified animal nests to decomposing invertebrate and version of Schoenly trap (Prado e Castro et al. vertebrate carrion (Rozkošný et al. 1997). At 2009) was used to study insect fauna associated given conditions some of them are involved in with pig carrion. In four different seasons (au- myiasis cases (Zumpt 1965). The association of tumn, winter, spring and summer) one piglet (. 8 larval development of some species with decom- kg weight) was used in separate experiments of posing bodies is well known (Byrd & Castner 10 weeks each. The traps were checked daily dur- 2010) and have aroused particular interest in ing the first 23 days, afterwards every 2, 3 or 5 those species as valuable forensic indicators days until the end of each period. The collected (Benecke & Lessig 2001, Matuszewski et al. material was preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol. The 2010). The most commonly found species in fo- study was performed in the Instituto Superior de rensic investigations and carrion succession ex- Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, Portugal, periments are F. canicularis (Linnaeus), F. a small woodland park inside an urban perimeter, manicata (Meigen), F.pusio (Wiedemann) and F. at an altitude of 80 m a.s.l. scalaris (Fabricius). Even if larvae do not de- The material has been collected by the second velop for example in decomposing animal tis- author and identified by the first author basing on sues, adult flies frequently are attracted to such the keys of d’Assis-Fonseca (1968) and lures. The use of diverse traps in such experi- Rozkošný et al. (1997). Species identification of ments (Espindola & Couri 2004, Hwang & selected series of all species was verified based on Turner 2005, Domínguez & Aballay 2008, Prado the collections of the Natural History Museum eCastroet al. 2009) allow to collect extensive (London, UK) and Natural History Museum of material for faunistic (Prado e Castro & García Denmark (Copenhagen, Denmark). 2010, Prado e Castro et al. 2010a, b, Carles-Tolrá Because of difficulties in the identification of & Prado e Castro 2011) and taxonomic females of the genus Fannia in case of small se- (Domínguez & Aballay 2008, Quiroga & ries of specimens represented exclusively by fe- Domínguez 2010) studies. males, records are presented with some reserva- Currently 84 species of Fanniidae have been tions with ‘?’ marks. recorded from Europe, of which 81 belongs to the For detailed study of male genitalia the abdo- genus Fannia (Rudzinski 2003, Pont 2004). men was removed and boiled in 10% KOH solu- ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 23 • New records of Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy 171 tion for 10 min. The abdomen was transferred to Larvae reared from dung, blackbird’s nest, glycerine to separate postabdominal structures wasp’s nest, wood detritus, rotting wood and for detailed observation. After examination, geni- fungi (Rozkošný et al. 1997). Adults associated talia and the rest of the abdomen were placed in with sap runs (Rozkošný et al. 1997) and at- glycerine in a small microvial and pinned with the tracted to decomposing liver (Hwang & Turner appropriate specimen. Photographs were taken 2005). with a Nikon 8400 digital camera mounted on a Nikon Eclipse E200 microscope (Nikon Corp., Tokyo, Japan). 3.2. Fannia armata (Meigen, 1826) Identified material was deposited in the col- lections of the Department of Animal Biology, Material examined: 18.–22.IV.2007, 5$$; University of Lisbon (Portugal) and Department 5.VII.2007, 1$; 9.VIII.2007, 1$; 18.VIII.2007, of Animal Ecology, Nicolaus Copernicus Uni- 1$; 24.VIII.2007, 5$$; 27.VIII.2007, 2$$. versity (Poland). Distributed throughout Europe (Rozkošný et al. 1997) also known from Arabian Peninsula, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, 3. Results and discussion Jordan, Turkey, Lebanon, North Caucasus, Sinai Peninsula (Egypt) and Syria (Pont 2004). First re- In total, 20,144 adult Diptera representing 39 cord for Portugal. Larvae reared from dung, rot- families were collected in this study. Fanniidae ting wood and fungi, adults secretopheges were represented by 1,654 specimens, all belong- (Rozkošný et al. 1997). ing to the genus Fannia. Among the studied ma- terial, a total of 11 species were identified, of which six species are newly recorded for Portu- 3.3. Fannia canicularis (Linnaeus, 1761) gal, two of them are new records for the whole Iberian Peninsula and one species is for the first Material examined: 21.X.2006, 1$; 22.X.2006, time recorded from the European mainland. 1$; 25.–29.X.2006, 30$$; 1.XI.2006, 2$$; 3.XI.2006, 1$; 5.XI.2006, 1$; 16.XI.2006, 1$; 18.XI.2006, 2$$; 27.XI.2006, 1$; 9.XII.2006, 3.1. Fannia aequilineata Ringdahl, 1945 1$; 18.XII.2006, 1$; 2.II.2007, 7$$; 8.II.2007, 1$; 9.II.2007, 1$; 11.II.2007, 1$; 13.II.2007, Material examined: 23.X.2006, 1$; 26.X.2006, 2$$; 15.II.2007, 4$$; 19.II.2007, 4$$; 4$$; 29.X.2006, 1$; 12.XI.2006, 1$; 24.XI. 23.II.2007, 7$$; 26.II.2007, 1$; 1.III.2007, 2006, 1$; 12.XII.2006, 1$; 26.II.2007, 1$; 18.– 3$$; 4.III.2007, 2$$; 10.III.2007, 1$; 17.IV.– 30.IV.2007, 44$$, 16##; 3.–9.V.2007, 23$$, 9.V.2007, 159$$, 29##; 23.V.2007, 1$; 6##; 11.V.2007,1$; 13.V.2007, 1$; 15.V.2007, 26.V.2007, 4$$; 29.V.2007, 3$$; 13.VI.2007, 1$; 23.V.2007, 4$; 26.V.2007, 1$, 1#; 29.V.
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