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NASA Space Communication Sharing the NASA Experience with Students Dr. Obadiah Kegege NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Electrical and Computer Engineering Seminar, Howard University, October 29, 2014 Outline • About NASA • Presentation References and Acknowledgement • NASA Space Missions Overview • Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) • Research Collaboration with Academia About NASA? • http://www.nasa.gov/about/ • http://www.nasa.gov/missions/ http://science.nasa.gov/media/medialibrary/201 4/04/18/FY2014_NASA_StrategicPlan_508c.pdf NASA’s 2014 Strategic Goals http://science.nasa.gov/media/medialibrary/201 4/04/18/FY2014_NASA_StrategicPlan_508c.pdf National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA Centers and Facilities Glenn Research Center Lewis Field Deep Space Network Facilities: Cleveland, OH Goddard Space Flight Center . Goldstone, in CA Mojave Desert Glenn Research Center Greenbelt, MD . near Madrid, Spain Plum Brook Station . near Canberra, Australia Independent Verification Sandusky, OH & Validation Facility Fairmont, WV Ames Research Center Mountain View, CA NASA Headquarters Washington, D.C. Wallops Flight Facility Wallops Island, VA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA Armstrong Flight Research Center Edwards, CA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Marshall Space Flight Center Pasadena, CA Huntsville, AL Stennis Space Center Johnson Space Center Stennis Space Center, MS White Sands Test Facility Houston, Texas White Sands, NM Kennedy Space Center Michoud Assembly Facility Cape Canaveral, FL New Orleans, LA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/home/installations.html • NASA GSFC’s Facilities include: Goddard Space Flight Center, main campus Wallops Flight Facility, located on located within Greenbelt, Md Virginia's Eastern Shore 7 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Organizations and Projects • http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/about/organizations/org2.html Open the link to view GSFC Organizations and Projects 8 Presentation References and Acknowledgement Would like to thank and acknowledge the sources below that have provided materials for the following slides focusing on “Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN)” 1. http://www.nasa.gov/content/scan-presentations/ 2. Badri Younes, “Future of Space Communications,” Space Generation Congress, Naples, Italy, September 2012 http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/696855main_Pres_Future_of_S pace_Communications_SGC_2012.pdf 3. Phil Liebrecht, “Communicating with Astronaut and Robotic Explorers across the Solar System,” Public University of Navarra, Spain, December 2010 http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/694635main_Pres_Public_Unive rsity_Navarra_Astronaut_Robotic.pdf The following slides will focus on Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN)” – My current work tasks support the SCaN Program SCaN Current Networks The current NASA space communications architecture embraces three operational networks that collectively provide communications services to supported missions using space-based and ground-based assets Near Earth Network - NASA, commercial, and partner ground stations and integration systems providing space communications and tracking services to orbital and suborbital missions Space Network - constellation of geosynchronous relays (TDRSS) and associated ground systems Deep Space Network - ground stations spaced around the world providing continuous coverage of satellites from Earth Orbit (GEO) to the edge of our solar system NASA Integrated Services Network (NISN) - not part of SCaN; provides terrestrial connectivity 11 http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/696855main_Pres_Future_of_Space_Communications_SGC_2012.pdf SCaN Network Crewed Missions Sub-Orbital Missions Earth Science Missions Space Science Missions Lunar Missions Solar System Exploration Alaska Kongsberg Satellite USN Alaska Madrid Complex Satellite Services (KSAT) Swedish Space Corp. (SSC) DSN Partner Station: Poker Flat & Madrid, Spain Kiruna, Sweden Facility Gilmore Creek, Alaska North Pole, Alaska Svalbard, Norway German NEN/NASA Fairbanks, Space Alaska NEN/Commercial Agency (DLR) NEN/Partner Weilheim, Germany SN Guam Remote Ground Terminal Goldstone Complex Guam, Marianna Islands Fort Irwin, California F6 F5 F9 F3 F10 F7 F8 (Stored) (Stored) F4 USN Australia Dongara, Australia USN Hawaii South Point, Hawaii Canberra Complex Merritt Island Wallops Ground Canberra, Australia White Sands Launch Annex Station McMurdo Ground Station USN Chile McMurdo Base, Antarctica Ground Station Merritt Island, Florida Santiago, Chile Wallops, Virginia White Sands, New Mexico White Sands Ground Terminals White Sands, New Mexico Satellite Applications12 Center Hartebeesthoek, Africa http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/696855main_Pres_Future_of_Space_Communications_SGC_2012.pdf Near Earth Network Overview USN Alaska (2) Partner Station: USN Alaska (1) Kongsberg Satellite Services NOAA CDA Station North Pole, Alaska Svalbard, Norway Poker Flat, Alaska Swedish Space Corp. (SSC) Gilmore Creek, Alaska Alaska Satellite Facility Kiruna, Sweden Fairbanks, Alaska German Space Agency (DLR) Weilheim, Germany White Sands Complex White Sands, New Mexico USN Hawaii Station South Point, Hawaii USN Australia Dongara, Australia NASA Merritt Island Commercial Launch Annex 13 Wallops Ground Station McMurdo Ground Station Partner Merritt Island, Florida University of Chile Satellite Applications Center Wallops, Virginia McMurdo Base, Antarctica Santiago, Chile Hartebeesthoek, Africa Space Network Space Segment • TDRS F-1 through F-7 • The most complex communications satellite ever build at that time • Single access S-Band and Ku-Band services and Multiple Access system • 10 year design life • Series launched from 1983 - 1995 – Original series still in operation – TDRS-B lost with the Challenger – TDRS 1 retired in 2010 First Generation TDRS F-1 through F-7 • TDRS F-8 through F-10 • Backwards compatible S-Band and Ku-Band services • New Ka-Band Service, up to 1.2 Gbps Capability • Enhanced Multiple Access system • Increased on-orbit autonomy • 15 year design life • Series launched from 2000 – 2002 • The 3rd Generation of TDRS spacecraft, known as TDRS K, L, and M: TDRS K launched January 30, 2013, and TDRS L launched Second Generation TDRS F-8 through F-10 January 23, 2014. TDRS M's launch readiness date is scheduled for 14 2015. http://tdrs.gsfc.nasa.gov/tdrs/136.html SN Ground Segment White Sands Ground Terminal (WSGT) and the Second TDRSS Ground Terminal (STGT). Guam Remote Ground Terminal (GRGT). The GRGT allows for the closure of the the Zone of Exclusion. http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/696855main_Pres_Future_of_S pace_Communications_SGC_2012.pdf 15 Space Segment: Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (F1 - F7) Solar array Power output is Single Access Antenna approximately 1800 Dual frequency communications and watts tracking functions: • S-band TDRSS (SSA) • Ku-band TDRSS (KuSA) • Ku-band auto-tracking 4.9 meter shaped reflector assembly SA equipment compartment mounted Omni Antenna (S-band) behind reflector and Solar Sail Two axis gimballing Multiple Access Antenna Space-to-Ground-Link Antenna 30 helices: TDRS downlink • 12 diplexers for transmit 2.0 meter parabolic reflector • 30 receive body mounted Dual orthogonal linear polarization TDRS: Single commanded beam, transmit • single horn feed 20 adapted beams for receive • orthomode transducer Ground implemented receive function Two axis gimballed Forward (FWD): link from TDRSS Ground Station through TDRS to Customer Spacecraft Return (RTN): link from Customer Spacecraft through TDRS to TDRSS Ground Station 16 http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/694635main_Pres_Public_University_Navarra_Astronaut_Robotic.pdf 1st and 2nd Generation TDRSS Constellation Goddard Space Flight Center White Sands Complex Guam Remote Ground Terminal TDRS-6 TDRS-5 TDRS-4 TDRS -9 TDRS-7 TDRS-8 ° ° TDRS-3 ° TDRS-10 171 W 167.5 W 062°W 046 W 275°W ° ° 271°W Stored 049 W 041 W In a typical month the SN supports approximately 10,000 scheduled customer service events. 17 http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/694635main_Pres_Public_University_Navarra_Astronaut_Robotic.pdf Deep Space Network Facilities DSS-27 DSS-24 DSS-25 DSS-26 DSS-54 DSS-55 DSS-34 DSS-35 34m (HSB) 34m (BWG-1) 34m (BWG-2) 34m (BWG-3) 34m (BWG-1) 34m (BWG-2) 34m (BWG-1) 34m (in 2015) DSS-28 DSS-63 DSS-43 34m (HSB) 70m 70m DSS-14 Signal Processing Signal Processing Signal Processing 70m Center SPC-10 Center SPC-60 Center SPC-40 DSS-13 34m (**R&D) DSS-45 GPS DSS-15 GPS DSS-65 GPS 34m HEF 34m (HEF) 34m (HEF) Goldstone, California Madrid, Spain Canberra, Australia CTT-22 Compatibility Test Trailer MIL-71 Launch Support Facility at KSC JPL, Pasadena Network Operations ITT, Monrovia Control Center Service Preparation, (NOCC) Logistics, Compatibility Testing, O&M Analysis 18 http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/694635main_Pres_Public_University_Navarra_Astronaut_Robotic.pdf Deep Space Complexes 19 Titan Lunar Lunar Neptune Relay Relay Satellite Payload Saturn (potential) Uranus Pluto LADEE Charon Jupiter Near Earth Optical Relay Pathfinder SCaN Mars INM & ISE NISNNISN MCC MOCs 2023SCaN202520182015 Add: Services Provide: • EnhancedIntegratedDeepStandard Space ServicesOpticalserviceNetwork Optical -Initialbased Management Initialand Capability Interfacesarchitecture Capability (INM) • DeepSpaceIntegratedDelay Space internetworkingInternetworkingTolerant Service Optical Networking Execution Relay (DTNthroughout Pathfinder and (ISE) IP) Solar Venus Deep Space • LunarInternationalSystemSpaceDeep SpaceRelayInternetworking
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