Enabling Richer Data Sets for Future Astrophysics Missions
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Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Chapter 6 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Jim Taylor, Dennis K. Lee, and Shervin Shambayati 6.1 Mission Overview The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) [1, 2] has a suite of instruments making observations at Mars, and it provides data-relay services for Mars landers and rovers. MRO was launched on August 12, 2005. The orbiter successfully went into orbit around Mars on March 10, 2006 and began reducing its orbit altitude and circularizing the orbit in preparation for the science mission. The orbit changing was accomplished through a process called aerobraking, in preparation for the “science mission” starting in November 2006, followed by the “relay mission” starting in November 2008. MRO participated in the Mars Science Laboratory touchdown and surface mission that began in August 2012 (Chapter 7). MRO communications has operated in three different frequency bands: 1) Most telecom in both directions has been with the Deep Space Network (DSN) at X-band (~8 GHz), and this band will continue to provide operational commanding, telemetry transmission, and radiometric tracking. 2) During cruise, the functional characteristics of a separate Ka-band (~32 GHz) downlink system were verified in preparation for an operational demonstration during orbit operations. After a Ka-band hardware anomaly in cruise, the project has elected not to initiate the originally planned operational demonstration (with yet-to-be used redundant Ka-band hardware). 201 202 Chapter 6 3) A new-generation ultra-high frequency (UHF) (~400 MHz) system was verified with the Mars Exploration Rovers in preparation for the successful relay communications with the Phoenix lander in 2008 and the later Mars Science Laboratory relay operations. -
Mro High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (Hirise)
Sixth International Conference on Mars (2003) 3287.pdf MROHIGHRESOLUTIONIMAGINGSCIENCEEXPERIMENT(HIRISE): INSTRUMENTDEVELOPMENT.AlanDelamere,IraBecker,JimBergstrom,JonBurkepile,Joe Day,DavidDorn,DennisGallagher,CharlieHamp,JeffreyLasco,BillMeiers,AndrewSievers,Scott StreetmanStevenTarr,MarkTommeraasen,PaulVolmer.BallAerospaceandTechnologyCorp.,PO Box1062,Boulder,CO80306 Focus Introduction:Theprimaryfunctionalre- Mechanism PrimaryMirror quirementoftheHiRISEimager,figure1isto PrimaryMirrorBaffle 2nd Fold allowidentificationofbothpredictedandun- Mirror knownfeaturesonthesurfaceofMarstoa muchfinerresolutionandcontrastthanprevi- ouslypossible[1],[2].Thisresultsinacam- 1st Fold erawithaverywideswathwidth,6kmat Mirror 300kmaltitude,andahighsignaltonoise ratio,>100:1.Generationofterrainmaps,30 Filters cmverticalresolution,fromstereoimages Focal requiresveryaccurategeometriccalibration. Plane Theprojectlimitationsofmass,costand schedulemakethedevelopmentchallenging. FocalPlane SecondaryMirror Inaddition,thespacecraftstability[3]must Electronics TertiaryMirror SecondaryMirrorBaffle notbeamajorlimitationtoimagequality. Thenominalorbitforthesciencephaseofthe missionisa3pmorbitof255by320kmwith Figure1Cameraopticalpathoptimizedforlowmass periapsislockedtothesouthpole.Thetrack Integration(TDI)tocreateveryhigh(100:1)signalnoise velocityisapproximately3,400m/s. ratioimages. HiRISEFeatures:TheHiRISEinstrumentperformance Theimagerdesignisanall-reflectivethreemirrorastig- goalsarelistedinTable1.Thedesignfeaturesa50cm matictelescopewithlight-weightedZeroduropticsanda -
SSC Tenant Meeting: NASA Near Earth Network (NENJ Overview
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20180001495 2019-08-30T12:23:41+00:00Z SSC Tenant Meeting: NASA Near Earth Network (NENJ Overview --- --- ~ I - . - - Project Manager: David Carter Deputy Project Manager: Dave Larsen Chief Engineer: Philip Baldwin Financial Manager: Cristy Wilson Commercial Service Manager: LaMont Ruley ============== February ==============21, 2018 Agenda > NEN Overview > NEN / SSC Relationship > NEN Missions > Future Trends S1ide2 The Near Earth Network (NEN) consists of globally distributed tracking stations that are strategically located throughout the world which provide Telemetry, Tracking, and Commanding (TT&C) services support to a variety of orbital and suborbital flight missions, including Low Earth Orbit (LEO), Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO), highly elliptical, and lunar orbits Network: The NEN is one of.three networks that together comprise the NASA1s Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Networks The NEN provides cost-effective, high data rate services from a global set of NASA, commercial, and partner ground stations to a mission set that requires hourly to daily contacts Missions: The NEN provides communication services to: - Earth Science missions such as Aqua, Aura, OC0-2, QuikSCAT, and SMAP - Space Science missions including AIM, FSGT, IRIS, NuSTAR, and Swift - Lunar orbiting missions such as LRO - CubeSat missions including the upcoming CryoCube, iSAT, and SOCON Stations: The NEN consists of several polar stations which are vital to polar orbiting missions since they enable communications services -
Should We Manage to a Single Data Point? a NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Perspective
Goddard Space Flight Center Flight Projects Directorate Performance Management Should We Manage to a Single Data Point? A NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Perspective Dr. Wanda Peters Deputy Director for Planning and Business Management 2019 Project Management Symposium Turning Knowledge into Practice University of Maryland May 10, 2019 Goddard Overview Project Management at Goddard Business Change Initiative Optimization State of Business Why is this Important? 2 Best Place to Work in the Federal Government 2018 3 Goddard Overview 4 Goddard Space Flight Center ONE World-Class Science and Engineering Organization SIX Distinctive Facilities & Installations Independent Greenbelt Wallops Flight White Sands Test Columbia Goddard Institute Validation & Main Campus Facility Facility Ground Balloon for Space Studies Verification 1,270 Acres 6,188 Acres Stations Facility Facility Executing NASA’s most Launching Payloads for Understanding our Providing Software Communicating with Directing High Altitude complex science missions NASA & the Nation Planet Assurance Assets in Earth’s Orbit Investigations Est. 1959 Est. 1945 Est. 1961 Est. 1993 Est. 1963 Est. 1982 MARYLAND VIRGINIA NEW YORK WEST VIRGINIA NEW MEXICO TEXAS 2 Who We Are THE GODDARD COMMUNITY Technicians and Others 6% Clerical 5% Professional & Administrative 28% Scientists & Engineers GSFC CS Employees 61% with Degrees Bachelors – 37% Advanced Degrees – 48% Associate/Technical – 2% Number of Employees High School – 13% A diverse community of scientists, engineers, ~3,000 Civil Service technologists, and administrative personnel ~6,000 Contractor dedicated to the exploration of space ~1,000 Other* Total - ~10,000 *Including off-site contractors, interns, and Emeritus The Nation’s largest community of scientists, engineers, and technologists Goddard Space Flight Center Employees Receive Worldwide Accolades for Their Work Dr. -
LCS Onepager
National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA’s Launch communications segment: Advanced Communications Capabilities for the Florida Spaceport NASA Goddard Space Flight Center’s Near Earth Network Launch Communications Segment (LCS) consists of two modern ground stations designed to complement the U.S. Air Force’s Eastern Range, enabling next-generation space missions and launch vehicles departing from, or returning to, the Florida spaceport. The LCS stations provide the critical link between astronauts and mission controllers on crewed flights, and augment FEATURED launch vehicle telemetry and orbital tracking communications CAPABILITIES for robotic missions. LCS provides a broad array of communications services: • Pre-launch, launch, ascent and landing communications services • Agile, tailored and robust solutions for a variety of customer needs • Simultaneous transmitting and receiving via S-band • Support of IRIG and CCSDS space link standards, advanced modulation and encoding, and 2 Mbps data rates • Remote monitor and control for routine events and pre-mission testing • Common Space Link Extension (SLE) user gatewayIP baseband data interfaces • Orbital communications services to near-Earth users • Standard service scheduling through the Near Earth Network Scheduling Office • Antenna auto-tracking with automatic fail-over to Launch Trajectory Acquisition System (LTAS) or predicted vectors • Doppler and ranging capabilities Strategic Locations LCS consists of two strategically placed permanent ground stations: the Kennedy Uplink Station on site at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and the Ponce de Leon Station 40 miles north in New Smyrna Beach, Florida. Each of these sites has a 6.1-meter antenna capable of simultaneously transmitting and receiving S-band signals. The two-site architecture ensures continuous signal coverage during launch, as well as for vehicles returning to the launch site or the Shuttle Landing Facility. -
Scan-MOCS-0001
SCaN-MOCS-0001 SPACE COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION PROGRAM Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Mission Operations and Communications Services (MOCS) Revision 2 Effective Date: March 15, 2019 Expiration Date: March 15, 2024 National Aeronautics and NASA Headquarters Space Administration Washington, D. C. CHECK THE SCaN NEXT GENERATION INTEGRATED NETWORK (NGIN) AT: https://scanngin.gsfc.nasa.gov TO VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION PRIOR TO USE. Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Mission Operations and Communications Services (MOCS) Effective Date: March 15, 2019 Approved and Prepared by: John J. Hudiburg 3/15/19 J ohn J. Hudiburg Date Mission Integration and Commitment Manager, SCaN Network Services Division Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate NASA Headquarters Washington, D. C. SCaN-MOCS-0001 Revision 2 Preface This document is under configuration management of the SCaN Integrated Network Configuration Control Board (SINCCB). This document will be changed by Documentation Change Notice (DCN) or complete revision. Proposed changes to this document must be submitted to the SCaN Configuration Management Office along with supportive material justifying the proposed change. Comments or questions concerning this document and proposed changes shall be addressed to: Configuration Management Office [email protected] Space Communications and Navigation Office NASA Headquarters Washington, D. C. ii SCaN-MOCS-0001 Revision 2 Change Information Page List of Effective Pages Page Number Issue Title Rev 2 iii -
An Implementation Concept for the ASPIRE Mission
An Implementation Concept for the ASPIRE Mission. W. D. Deininger* ([email protected]), W. Purcell,* P. Atcheson,*G. Mills,* S. A Sandford,** R. P. Hanel,** M. McKelvey,** and R. McMurray** *Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. (BATC) P. O. Box 1062 Boulder, CO, USA 80306-1062 **NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA, USA 94035 Abstract—The Astrobiology Space Infrared Explorer complex and tied to the cyclic process whereby these (ASPIRE) is a Probe-class mission concept developed as elements are ejected into the diffuse interstellar medium part of NASA’s Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concept (ISM) by dying stars, gathered into dense clouds and studies. 1 2 ASPIRE uses infrared spectroscopy to explore formed into the next generation of stars and planetary the identity, abundance, and distribution of molecules, systems (Figure 1). Each stage in this cycle entails chemical particularly those of astrobiological importance throughout alteration of gas- and solid-state species by a diverse set of the Universe. ASPIRE’s observational program is focused astrophysical processes: hocks, stellar winds, radiation on investigating the evolution of ices and organics in all processing by photons and particles, gas-phase neutral and phases of the lifecycle of carbon in the universe, from ion chemistry, accretion, and grain surface reactions. These stellar birth through stellar death while also addressing the processes create new species, destroy old ones, cause role of silicates and gas-phase materials in interstellar isotopic enrichments, shuffle elements between chemical organic chemistry. ASPIRE achieves these goals using a compounds, and drive the universe to greater molecular Spitzer-derived, cryogenically-cooled, 1-m-class telescope complexity. -
The Decade of Light: Innovations in Space Communications and Navigation Technologies
Journal of Space Operations & Communicator (ISSN 2410-0005) Vol. 16, No. 1, Year 2019 The Decade of Light: Innovations in Space Communications and Navigation Technologies Philip Liebrecht Donald Cornwell David Israel Gregory Heckler NASA Headquarters NASA Headquarters Goddard Space Flight Center NASA Headquarters 300 E Street SW 300 E Street SW 8800 Greenbelt Road 300 E Street SW Washington, D.C Washington, D.C. Greenbelt, Md. 20771 Washington, D.C. 202-358-1701 202-358-0570 301-286-5294 202-358-1626 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] INTRODUCTION NASA’s Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) program office’s vision of a fully interoperable network of space communications assets is known as the Decade of Light. Through relentless advancement of current technologies, NASA is progressing toward a future of seamless mission enabling space communications and navigation. This futuristic, interoperable system will include the development of optical communications, wideband Ka-band, hybrid optical and radio frequency (RF) antennas, user- initiated services (UIS), a cognitive network with disruption-tolerant networking (DTN) capabilities and autonomous navigation. This vision, although vastly complex, will introduce dramatic increases in performance and is already being worked at NASA Headquarters, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA’s Glenn Research Center, and Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Teams from around the country continue to investigate and strive for innovative solutions to the many complex challenges space communications and navigation faces. CURRENT CAPABILITIES For the past 50 years, NASA has primarily used RF to communicate mission data from satellites orbiting in our solar system to data users on Earth. -
PUBLIC OPEN EVENING Outreach — 17 January 2017 — A
Institute of Astronomy PUBLIC OPEN EVENING outreach — 17 January 2017 — A Clean water ice hiding just below TONIGHT’S SPEAKER the surface of Mars The talk schedule for this term can be viewed at: this term can be viewed talk schedule for The Matt Bothwell The biggest galaxy in the Universe? Our weekly welcome ELCOME to our weekly public Wopen evenings for the 2017/18 season. Each night there will be a half-hour talk which begins promptly Erosion on Mars has uncovered large, steep cross-sections of clean, subterranean ice. In this at 7.15pm: tonight Matt Bothwell will false color image captured by NASA’s HiRISE camera, one of eight recently discovered stripes be giving us his talk The biggest appears dark blue against the Martian terrain. Credit: NASA/JPL/Uni. Of Arizona/USGS galaxy in the Universe? The talk is followed by an oppor- IT’S GOOD news for future Martian scientists have discovered this in no tunity to observe if (and only if!) the www.ast.cam.ac.uk/public/public_observing/current colonists – NASA has just discovered less than eight different places across weather is clear. The IoA’s historical plenty of easy-to-access water just Mars, in both hemispheres. Northumberland and Thorrowgood under Mars’s surface. The new photographs were taken by Astronomers have known for ‘HiRISE’, a powerful camera attached telescopes, along with our modern decades that water exists on Mars, but to NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbit- 16-inch telescope, will be open just how easy it is to get at (and use) er, and the purity of the hidden water for observations. -
Communications Enabling Science from the 2050 Heliophysics System Observatory 1 2 3 4 2 Authors: S
Heliophysics 2050 White Papers (2021) 4119.pdf Communications Enabling Science from the 2050 Heliophysics System Observatory 1 2 3 4 2 Authors: S. J. Schonfeld , W. D. Pesnell , J. L. Verniero , Y. J. Rivera , A. J. Halford , S. K. 5 4 Vines , S. A. Spitzer 2 6 7 Cosigners: A. K. Higginson , B. L. Alterman , M. J. Weberg 1 2 3 I nstitute for Scientific Research, Boston College, N ASA Goddard Space Flight Center, U niversity of 4 5 California, Berkeley, U niversity of Michigan, J ohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 6 7 S outhwest Research Institute, N RC postdoc at U.S. NRL The difficulties associated with receiving telemetry from satellites severely limits the volume of scientific data that can be downlinked to scientists on the ground. Current missions must employ many techniques to reduce the data they transmit, such as compressing and pruning datasets, to meet the current restrictions of limited telemetry budgets. Yet future Heliophysics System Observatory missions will produce ever larger data volumes with higher resolution and cadence observations from constellations of satellites spread throughout the heliosphere1. In addition, heliophysics missions often produce data for the Space Weather community that requires a low latency between observation and downlink. In light of current limitations, the infrastructure to receive NASA satellite telemetry must be expanded and modernized to support future science needs and the data-rich missions of the 2050 Heliophysics System Observatory. The current communications landscape: Communications with NASA science missions are primarily routed through the Deep Space Network (DSN), Near Earth Network (NEN), and Space Network (SN) using S, X, and Ka band radio transmissions. -
Composition of Mars, Michelle Wenz
The Composition of Mars Michelle Wenz Curiosity Image NASA Importance of minerals . Role in transport and storage of volatiles . Ex. Water (adsorbed or structurally bound) . Control climatic behavior . Past conditions of mars . specific pressure and temperature formation conditions . Constrains formation and habitability Curiosity Rover at Mount Sharp drilling site, NASA image Missions to Mars . 44 missions to Mars (all not successful) . 21 NASA . 18 Russia . 1 ESA . 1 India . 1 Japan . 1 joint China/Russia . 1 joint ESA/Russia . First successful mission was Mariner 4 in 1964 Credit: Jason Davis / astrosaur.us, http://utprosim.com/?p=808 First Successful Mission: Mariner 4 . First image of Mars . Took 21 images . No evidence of canals . Not much can be said about composition Mariner 4, NASA image Mariner 4 first image of Mars, NASA image Viking Lander . First lander on Mars . Multispectral measurements Viking Planning, NASA image Viking Anniversary Image, NASA image Viking Lander . Measured dust particles . Believed to be global representation . Computer generated mixtures of minerals . quartz, feldspar, pyroxenes, hematite, ilmenite Toulmin III et al., 1977 Hubble Space Telescope . Better resolution than Mariner 6 and 7 . Viking limited to three bands between 450 and 590 nm . UV- near IR . Optimized for iron bearing minerals and silicates Hubble Space Telescope NASA/ESA Image featured in Astronomy Magazine Hubble Spectroscopy Results . 1994-1995 . Ferric oxide absorption band 860 nm . hematite . Pyroxene 953 nm absorption band . Looked for olivine contributions . 1042 nm band . No significant olivine contributions Hubble Space Telescope 1995, NASA Composition by Hubble . Measure of the strength of the absorption band . Ratio vs. -
IWPSS 2013 Multi-Mission Scheduling Operations at UC Berkeley Bester
Proceedings of the 2013 International Workshop on Planning & Scheduling for Space, Mountain View, CA, USA, March 25-26, 2013, Paper AIAA-2013-XXXX. THIS SPACE MUST BE KEPT BLANK] Multi-Mission Scheduling Operations at UC Berkeley Manfred Bester, Gregory Picard, Bryce Roberts, Mark Lewis, and Sabine Frey Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract completed in 2011 when both probes were inserted into The University of California, Berkeley conducts mission stable lunar orbits (Cosgrove et al. 2012, Bester et al. operations for eight spacecraft at present. Communications 2013). with the orbiting spacecraft are established via a multitude of network resources, including all NASA networks, plus • The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) – assets provided by foreign space agencies and commercial a NASA SMEX mission launched in June 2012 – is a companies. Mission planning is based on the science re- high-energy X-ray observatory carrying twin telescopes quirements as well as accessibility to communications net- with focusing optics (Kim et al. 2013). work resources. The integrated scheduling process is com- plex and is supported by partly automated software tools. • The CubeSat for Ion, Neutral, Electron, and MAgnetic Challenges encountered and lessons learned are described. fields (CINEMA) – the first CubeSat built in-house at SSL – launched in September 2012. The project home page can be found at http://sprg.ssl.berkeley.edu/cinema. Introduction A summary of these missions and their characteristics is The University of California, Berkeley (UCB) currently provided in Table A1 in the Appendix.