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“Don't Plant a Pest: Central Coast” Brochure

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G roundcovers & Perennials G roundcove rs & Perennials G roundcove rs & Perennials G a rdening green Many of the characteristics that make a G roundcove rs plant a good choice for the garden may Instead of periwinkle, wild ginger also make it a successful invader: & Perennials DON’T PLAN T: English ivy or Algerian ivy, (Asarum caudatum) Don’t California is a gardener’s dream. Our mild climate allows A California native, this Garden Plants Invasive Plants us to have fantastic gardens, showcasing a wide variety periwinkle evergreen groundcover has Easy to propagate Broad germination T RY THESE VARIETIES: of ornamental plants from DON’T PLAN T: (Vinca major) heart-shaped leaves and unusual Establish rapidly Colonizer all around the world. This aggressive grower pachysandra maroon flowers. Mature early Mature early iceplant or Hottentot fig Howitt, © 1999 Beatrice F. Calif. Academy of Sciences has trailing stems that Plant a But sometimes, our Abundant flowers Prolific seeds (Carpobrotus edulis) (Pachysandra terminalis) root wherever they touch bear’s foot hellebore garden plants “jump the Pest / disease tolerant Few natural predators Small mammals can carry seeds of Grows more slowly than Vinca the soil. This ability to and Hedera, but has a crisp, (Helleborus foetidus) fence” and invade natural iceplant from landscape settings to resprout from stem areas. These invasive nearby coastal dunes and other neat growth form. New foliage Unusual foliage and delicate, Invasive plants are by nature a regional problem. A plant fragments enables is bright green, changing to complex flowers. The intriguing plants can become serious sensitive areas. The vigorous Alfred Brousseau, © 1995 Br. College Saint Mary’s that jumps out of the garden in one climate and habitat periwinkle to spread Pest! wildland weeds that groundcover forms impenetrable mats dark green with age. Variegated pale green and purple flowers rapidly in shady creeks and drainages, smothering the type may behave perfectly in another. The problem plants Courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden threaten California’s that compete directly with native cultivars are available. often have a pleasant fragrance. listed here have escaped from gardens throughout the native plant community. biodiversity and economy. vegetation, including several rare and Central Coast. Serbian bellflower Corsican hellebore threatened plants along the coast. © 1998 Charles Webber California Academy of Sciences Give them an inch Vinca has escaped from (Campanula poscharskyana) or Lenten rose Over half of the plants San Luis Obispo County Farm Bureau Courtesy Mark Souder, How to use this brochure: landscaped areas into wildland Produces a profusion of lilac-blue, Courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden currently damaging Instead of iceplant or Hot tentot fig, (H. argutifolius or H. orientalis) French broom invades This brochure suggests safe alternatives for these plants. habitats throughout the Central star-shaped flowers spring to fall. and they’ll ta ke California’s wildlands were Besides bear’s foot hellebore, there are several other parts of SLO County When you are buying new plants, consider these Coast, and due to its nursery Grows quickly and easily, but could originally introduced for T RY THESE VARIETIES: perennial hellebore species available that can grow well alternatives, or ask your local nursery for other non- availability there is the overwhelm a carefully manicured in Central Coast gardens. an acre... landscaping purposes. Garden escapes like pampasgrass hardy iceplant potential for increasing garden. invasive plants. If one of the invasive plants is already in Courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden and French broom may have desirable characteristics in a Courtesy Ken Owen, Channel Islands Restoration your yard, especially if you live near wildlands, you may (Delosperma cooperi) problems associated with this Bergenia or winter saxifrage garden setting, but outside the garden these plants want to remove it and replace it with a recommended A non-invasive iceplant with commonly used groundcover. In the adjacent photo, ivory star jasmine or asian jasmine (Bergenia cordifolia and hybrids) displace native species and alter natural processes. alternative. Think about why you might plant one of the smaller, succulent leaves and volunteers hand remove vinca on habitat-rich Santa Cruz (Trachelospermum asiaticum) An evergreen groundcover, with large, dark green leaves, problem plants in the first place. Is it just for the way it brilliant violet-pink flowers May Island in Santa Barbara County. Vinca has invaded Has glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of bright, deep pink flowers. Some of these plants looks? If so, finding a replacement is often easy—some through October. Salt tolerant. several riparian areas and oak woodlands on the island, and pale yellow, pinwheel- show weedy tendencies David Fenwick © 2003 The African Garden of the alternatives listed here are selected especially for having escaped from a horticultural planting years ago. shaped flowers with a jasmine in the garden as well. their similar appearance. Or beach strawberry scent. For example, English ivy maybe you need a plant to fill a Other Potential Plant Pests can take over a yard and Full sun or wood strawberry English ivy or Algerian ivy functional role, such as a damage buildings and Part shade (Fragaria chiloensis or Fragaria vesca ssp. californica) (Hedera helix, H. caneriensis) evergreen currant The plant pests detailed in this brochure represent those groundcover that grows well in a fences. Likewise, when Full shade This perennial, evergreen groundcover When birds carry the seeds of these popular plants into (Ribes viburnifolium) invaders that have escaped in our area and are also shady place, or a border plant commonly found in nurseries. There are many other birds drop seeds near a Drought tolerant forms a lush, low-growing mat. Leaves wildlands, ivys can smother A low-growing evergreen shrub with fragrant, dark-green that likes full sun. Alternatives troublesome weeds found along the Central Coast that stream, English ivy can Low water are dark-green and glossy with a red forest trees and understory leaves. Can tolerate full sun along the coast but needs Courtesy John Randall, The Nature Conservancy were intentionally introduced into this area. In most cases, Photo by Brianna Richardson, 2003 listed here thrive in the same take over native tint in winter. Mow or cut back the plants by completely shading partial shade in the hotter, inland areas. Once estab- English ivy destroys forest environments as problem plants Moderate water it was years or even decades before these plants were vegetation and degrade plants in early spring to encourage them, which also prevents lished, evergreen currant does not need irrigation and is A dense stand of pampasgrass (Cortaderia selloana), understory vegetation while offering added benefits Regular water recognized as causing serious economic and ecological wildlife habitat. new growth. Chris Morris, SLO County Department of Agriculture regeneration of new tree and an excellent choice for growing under native oaks where damage to our local natural resources. a garden plant that has invaded California wildlands such as attracting wildlife. Many High water shrub seedlings. Ivy also supplemental watering is discouraged. of these alternatives are readily California native The list below includes additional garden plants that have Gardeners don’t plant invasive species intentionally. Like germander harbors pests, such as rats available, though others may be escaped into our local rangelands and wildlands. Although Deer resistant (Teucrium chamaedrys, or T. x lucidrys) Courtesy Missouri Botanical Garden Suggested alternatives for invasive garden plants. other Californians, gardeners have a deep respect for our and snails. easiest to find in specialty or Fire resistant This plant can be sheared into a neat groundcover or giant alumroot or coral bells these are not often sold in nurseries any longer, it is state’s rich natural heritage. The good news is that most important to be aware of them and avoid planting them More information available at www.cal-ipc.org native plant nurseries. allowed to grow to full height (about one foot), and (Heuchera maxima and hybrids) garden plants behave perfectly well in their intended Ornamental ivy has already whenever possible. You may also consider removing them roles. By choosing suitable replacements for the few produces lavender flowers in the spring. Compact escaped in many local if they are already growing on your own property, especially problem plants, we can save ourselves trouble and Both native and non-native plants have been recommended as cultivars are available. areas, causing severe This evergreen groundcover has if your land is adjacent to a natural or open space area. alternatives in this brochure. Care has been taken to ensure that expense in our garden and help to protect the natural problems for our native heart-shaped leaves and tiny, bell- none of the recommended non-natives is invasive. However, plants showy dewflower or rosea iceplant Other Invasive Garden Plants: Arundo/Giant Reed Central Coast Version California landscape at the same time. can adapt over time, and there is no guarantee that some of these habitats. In this photo, shaped, pink and white flowers that (Drosanthemum floribundum) (Arundo donax), Cape Ivy (Delairea odorata), Fennel Cove ring San Luis Obispo plants will not themselves become pests in the future. If you notice English ivy invades Arroyo hang gracefully from thin stalks. (Foeniculum vulgare), Tree-of-Heaven (Ailanthus one of these alternatives invading natural areas, notify Cal-IPC. Pay A succulent with silver-gray leaves and an abundance of Grande Creek, smothering There are many hybrid varieties & Santa Barbara Counties close attention to plant names, since a few of our recommended altissima), and Salt Cedar/Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.). pink flowers. Requires little or no water, especially along trees and crowding out available with a wide range of leaf plants may have invasive relatives—even in the same genus. the coast. Tolerates some salt spray. vegetation along the banks. Courtesy El Nativo Growers, Inc.
Recommended publications
  • Genista Monspessulana – Montpellier Broom, Cape Broom, Canary Broom

    Genista Monspessulana – Montpellier Broom, Cape Broom, Canary Broom

    Application for WoNS candidacy Genista monspessulana – Montpellier Broom, Cape Broom, Canary Broom Contact: Ashley Millar - (08) 9334 0312; Department of Environment and Conservation (WA) October 2010 Introduction Genista monspessulana (L.) L.A.S.Johnson (Fabaceae), also known more commonly as Montpellier Broom, Cape Broom and Canary Broom, is a woody legume weed with significant current and potential impacts on forestry production, biodiversity of natural ecosystems, grazing systems, access to amenity areas and fire risk. Infestations occur in all temperate states of Australia, with particularly severe infestations in the Adelaide Hills, southern Tasmania, central and southern Great Dividing Range of NSW, central Victoria and south west WA. G. monspessulana was ranked 37th in the initial evaluation of weeds nominated for Weeds of Natural Significance (WONS) (Thorp and Lynch 2000), with a particularly high impact score due to its formation of dense, impenetrable thickets arising from a long-lived soil seed bank (source: Henry et al . 2010). Species description: G. monspessulana is an erect, perennial slender shrub which grows up to 5-6m. It has trifoliolate petiolate leaves which are more or less glabrous. This species has yellow flowers which are produced from August to January. G. monspessulana occurs in loamy soil through to lateritic and peaty sand and is commonly found along rivers and roadsides (Parsons and Cuthbertson 2001; FLORABASE DEC 2010). G. monspessulana is native to the Mediterranean region that has become established, and is considered a persistent and deleterious plant, in several other regions of the world, including the Americas, Australia and New Zealand. It is considered deleterious because of its ability to form dense almost mono-cultural stands, which replace and suppress native flora and economically valuable timber plants (Lloyd 2000).
  • Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants

    Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants

    Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Suzanne Sharrock and Meirion Jones May 2009 Recommended citation: Sharrock, S. and Jones, M., 2009. Conserving Europe’s threatened plants: Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK ISBN 978-1-905164-30-1 Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Acknowledgements The work of establishing a consolidated list of threatened Photo credits European plants was first initiated by Hugh Synge who developed the original database on which this report is based. All images are credited to BGCI with the exceptions of: We are most grateful to Hugh for providing this database to page 5, Nikos Krigas; page 8. Christophe Libert; page 10, BGCI and advising on further development of the list. The Pawel Kos; page 12 (upper), Nikos Krigas; page 14: James exacting task of inputting data from national Red Lists was Hitchmough; page 16 (lower), Jože Bavcon; page 17 (upper), carried out by Chris Cockel and without his dedicated work, the Nkos Krigas; page 20 (upper), Anca Sarbu; page 21, Nikos list would not have been completed. Thank you for your efforts Krigas; page 22 (upper) Simon Williams; page 22 (lower), RBG Chris. We are grateful to all the members of the European Kew; page 23 (upper), Jo Packet; page 23 (lower), Sandrine Botanic Gardens Consortium and other colleagues from Europe Godefroid; page 24 (upper) Jože Bavcon; page 24 (lower), Frank who provided essential advice, guidance and supplementary Scumacher; page 25 (upper) Michael Burkart; page 25, (lower) information on the species included in the database.
  • Introduction Methods Results

    Introduction Methods Results

    Papers and Proceedings Royal Society ofTasmania, Volume 1999 103 THE CHARACTERISTICS AND MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS OF THE VEGETATION AND FLORA OF THE HUNTINGFIELD AREA, SOUTHERN TASMANIA by J.B. Kirkpatrick (with two tables, four text-figures and one appendix) KIRKPATRICK, J.B., 1999 (31:x): The characteristics and management problems of the vegetation and flora of the Huntingfield area, southern Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 133(1): 103-113. ISSN 0080-4703. School of Geography and Environmental Studies, University ofTasmania, GPO Box 252-78, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia 7001. The Huntingfield area has a varied vegetation, including substantial areas ofEucalyptus amygdalina heathy woodland, heath, buttongrass moorland and E. amygdalina shrubbyforest, with smaller areas ofwetland, grassland and E. ovata shrubbyforest. Six floristic communities are described for the area. Two hundred and one native vascular plant taxa, 26 moss species and ten liverworts are known from the area, which is particularly rich in orchids, two ofwhich are rare in Tasmania. Four other plant species are known to be rare and/or unreserved inTasmania. Sixty-four exotic plantspecies have been observed in the area, most ofwhich do not threaten the native biodiversity. However, a group offire-adapted shrubs are potentially serious invaders. Management problems in the area include the maintenance ofopen areas, weed invasion, pathogen invasion, introduced animals, fire, mechanised recreation, drainage from houses and roads, rubbish dumping and the gathering offirewood, sand and plants. Key Words: flora, forest, heath, Huntingfield, management, Tasmania, vegetation, wetland, woodland. INTRODUCTION species with the most cover in the shrub stratum (dominant species) was noted. If another species had more than half The Huntingfield Estate, approximately 400 ha of forest, the cover ofthe dominant one it was noted as a codominant.
  • Declared Plant

    Declared Plant

    DECLARED PLANT White weeping brooms Retama monosperma , R etama raetam January 2015 White weeping brooms are introduced ornamental shrubs growing to 4 m high, with leafless weeping branches and small white flowers. They are declared under the Natural Resources Management Act 2004; sale is prohibited and land owners may be required to control infestations in the Alinytjara Wilurara, Eyre Peninsula, SA Murray Darling Basin and South East NRM regions. Family: Fabaceae Synonyms: Genista raetam, Lygos raetam, Spartium monospermum, Genista monosperma, Lygos monosperma. Origin: Northern Africa and western Sahara, Sicily and the Middle East. The most drought-tolerant of the exotic brooms in Australia. WHY ARE THEY A PROBLEM? After being widely planted for ornament, white weeping brooms have escaped to become woody weeds of native vegetation and unimproved pasture. invade heath, scrub and woodland in coastal sandy habitats. form a shrub layer that outcompetes and shades out indigenous species. may infest grazing land, decreasing carrying capacity and land value. are unpalatable (bitter tasting) so animals avoid grazing on them, leaving them free to spread. DESCRIPTION Habit: shrub 2 to 4 m high and up to 6 m wide, with leafless, weeping branches. Leaves: very small leaves (approx.. 5 mm x 1mm) which drop, leaving blue-green, leafless stems for most of the year. Stems: short trunk branching from base, with weeping branches. Roots: shallow roots and very strong, deep tap root. Flowers: small, white, pea flowers, 8-10 mm on racemes of 3-15 flowers. Flowering time: July-October. Seed: 1-2 kidney-shaped seeds are contained in small pods.
  • Perennials for Winter Gardens Perennials for Winter Gardens

    Perennials for Winter Gardens Perennials for Winter Gardens

    TheThe AmericanAmerican GARDENERGARDENER® TheThe MagazineMagazine ofof thethe AAmericanmerican HorticulturalHorticultural SocietySociety November / December 2010 Perennials for Winter Gardens Edible Landscaping for Small Spaces A New Perspective on Garden Cleanup Outstanding Conifers contents Volume 89, Number 6 . November / December 2010 FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 5 NOTES FROM RIVER FARM 6 MEMBERS’ FORUM 8 NEWS FROM THE AHS Boston’s garden contest grows to record size, 2011 AHS President’s Council trip planned for Houston, Gala highlights, rave reviews for Armitage webinar in October, author of article for The American Gardener receives garden-writing award, new butterfly-themed children’s garden installed at River Farm. 12 2010 AMERICA IN BLOOM AWARD WINNERS Twelve cities are recognized for their community beautification efforts. 42 ONE ON ONE WITH… David Karp: Fruit detective. page 26 44 HOMEGROWN HARVEST The pleasures of popcorn. EDIBLE LANDSCAPING FOR SMALL SPACES 46 GARDENER’S NOTEBOOK 14 Replacing pavement with plants in San BY ROSALIND CREASY Francisco, soil bacterium may boost cognitive With some know-how, you can grow all sorts of vegetables, fruits, function, study finds fewer plant species on and herbs in small spaces. earth now than before, a fungus-and-virus combination may cause honeybee colony collapse disorder, USDA funds school garden CAREFREE MOSS BY CAROLE OTTESEN 20 program, Park Seed sold, Rudbeckia Denver Looking for an attractive substitute for grass in a shady spot? Try Daisy™ wins grand prize in American moss; it’ll grow on you. Garden Award Contest. 50 GREEN GARAGE® OUTSTANDING CONIFERS BY RITA PELCZAR 26 A miscellany of useful garden helpers. This group of trees and shrubs is beautiful year round, but shines brightest in winter.
  • Cytisus Scoparius (L.) J.H.F

    Cytisus Scoparius (L.) J.H.F

    Cytisus scoparius (L.) J.H.F. Link Scotch Broom (Genista andreana, Genista scoparia, Sarothamnus scoparius, Sarothamnus vulgaris, Spartium scoparium) Other Common Names: Broomtops, Common Broom, European Broom, Irish Broom, Scottish Broom. Family: Fabaceae (Leguminosae); sometimes placed in Papilionaceae . Cold Hardiness: USDA zones 6 (5) to 7 (8). Foliage: Alternate, semi-evergreen to deciduous, trifoliate (mostly) to simple (tips of some twigs) leaves are small, ¼O to eO long, medium to dark green in color, but covered in open whitish pubescence, lending a frosted appearance to the margins; no significant fall color develops. Flower: Flowering occurs in spring from buds on old wood with one or two bright yellow :O to 1O diameter indi- vidual flowers; the back petal is the largest and is bilobed; this petal may be yellow (most common color), pink, orangish red, to red outside; flowers are numerous and very showy in bloom. Fruit: Small seeds are borne in 1½O to 2O long pea pod-like explosively dehiscent fuzzy capsules; pods mature from green to tan-brown at maturity, but are not ornamentally effective. Stem / Bark: Stems — young stems are thin, stiff and held erect in a wisp-broom fashion; young and intermediate stems are square in cross-section; new growth is covered in a sparse white pubescence which is slowly lost as the twigs mature; the bark is initially bright green, becoming mottled white and brown as twigs age; Buds — 1 1 nearly foliose with poorly formed bud scales, the tiny /32O to /16O long roundish green buds are tightly ap- pressed to the stems; Bark — bark changes as stems age from green on new twigs, mottled green and brown on older twigs, to striated green and brown on young limbs, to smooth greenish gray to brownish gray on older trunks.
  • Don't Plant a Pest!

    Don't Plant a Pest!

    Many of the characteristics that make a plant Gardening green an attractive choice for the garden may also make it a successful invader: California is a gardener’s dream. Our mild climate Don’t allows us to have fantastic gardens, showcasing a wide Garden Plants: Invasive Plants: variety of ornamental Easy to propagate Broad germination plants from all around Establish rapidly Colonizer the world. Mature early Mature early Abundant flowers Prolific seeds plant a But sometimes, our Pest/disease tolerant Few natural predators garden plants “jump the fence” and invade Invasive plants are by nature a regional problem. A natural areas. These plant that jumps out of the garden in one climate and invasive plants can habitat type may behave perfectly in another. The become serious wildland twelve problem plants listed here have escaped from pest! weeds that threaten gardens throughout the greater Bay Area. California’s biodiversity and economy. How to use this brochure: This brochure suggests safe alternatives for these More than half of the plants. When you are buying new plants, consider these Give them an inch and plants currently Conservancy Nature The Rice, Barry alternatives, or ask your local nursery for other damaging California’s French broom invades Bay Area hillsides non-invasive plants. If one of the invasive plants is wildlands were originally introduced for landscaping already in your yard, especially if you live near they’ll take an acre... purposes. Garden escapes like pampasgrass and Scotch wildlands, you may want to remove it and replace it broom may have desirable characteristics in a garden with a recommended alternative.

  • Fire Retardant Plants for the Urban Fringe and Rural Areas

    Flammability Groups Leptospermum scoparium TN Pittosporum undulatum AN X Cucurbita maxima E Pumpkin Morus sp. E Mulberry Manuka, Teatree Sweet Pittosporum Cymbopogon citratus E Lemon Grass Myoporum insulare AN Boobyalla In the following list E denotes an exotic plant, TN a plant Lomandra longifolia TN Saggs Platanus x acerifolia E Plane Tree Cyphomandra betacea E Tamarillo Nerium oleander E Oleander native to Tasmania, AN a plant native to mainland Australia Melaleuca alternifolia AN Paperbark Poa sp. AN Poa Grass Delonix regia E Poinciana Olearia argophylla TN Musk Monstera deliciosa E Monstera Populas sp. E Poplar and X a known environmental weed. Dicksonia antarctica TN Man Fern Photinia glabra var. rubens E Nadina domestica E Sacred Bamboo Quercus robur E English oak Diospryros sp. E Persimmon Chinese Fire Bush or Red-leafed Photinia High Flammability Nicotiana glauca AN Tobacco Bush Spiraea catoniensis E May Eriobotrya japonica E Loquat Pittosporum bicolor TN Cheesewood Pinus elliottii E Tasmannia lanceolata TN Escallonia macrantha E Escallonia These plants have been shown to be highly flammable and Slash or Elliott’s Pine Native Pepper Pteridium esculentum TN Euryops pectinatus E Bracken Fern should not be planted or allowed to remain inside your house’s Pinus patula E Ulex europaeus E X Gorse Yellow Daisy Bush Mexican or Weeping Pine Rhododendron sp. E Rhododendron Building Protection Zone. They should also be avoided in the Viburnum opulus E Guelder Rose Genista monspessulana E X Montpellier Broom Rosa sp. E X Roses, Briars Fuel Modified Zone. Move these plants away from your house Moderate Flammability Koelreuteria paniculata E Salix babylonica E Weeping Willow and replace them with less flammable plants.
  • Wood and Bark Anatomy of Ranunculaceae (Including Hydrastis) and Glaucidiaceae Sherwin Carlquist Santa Barbara Botanic Garden

    Wood and Bark Anatomy of Ranunculaceae (Including Hydrastis) and Glaucidiaceae Sherwin Carlquist Santa Barbara Botanic Garden

    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 14 | Issue 2 Article 2 1995 Wood and Bark Anatomy of Ranunculaceae (Including Hydrastis) and Glaucidiaceae Sherwin Carlquist Santa Barbara Botanic Garden Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Carlquist, Sherwin (1995) "Wood and Bark Anatomy of Ranunculaceae (Including Hydrastis) and Glaucidiaceae," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 14: Iss. 2, Article 2. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol14/iss2/2 Aliso, 14(2), pp. 65-84 © 1995, by The Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA 91711-3157 WOOD AND BARK ANATOMY OF RANUNCULACEAE (INCLUDING HYDRASTIS) AND GLAUCIDIACEAE SHERWIN CARLQUIST Santa Barbara Botanic Garden 1212 Mission Canyon Road Santa Barbara, California 931051 ABSTRACT Wood anatomy of 14 species of Clematis and one species each of Delphinium, Helleborus, Thal­ ictrum, and Xanthorhiza (Ranunculaceae) is compared to that of Glaucidium palma tum (Glaucidiaceae) and Hydrastis canadensis (Ranunculaceae, or Hydrastidaceae of some authors). Clematis wood has features typical of wood of vines and lianas: wide (earlywood) vessels, abundant axial parenchyma (earlywood, some species), high vessel density, low proportion of fibrous tissue in wood, wide rays composed of thin-walled cells, and abrupt origin of multiseriate rays. Superimposed on these features are expressions indicative of xeromorphy in the species of cold or dry areas: numerous narrow late­ wood vessels, presence of vasicentric tracheids, shorter vessel elements, and strongly marked growth rings. Wood of Xanthorhiza is like that of a (small) shrub. Wood of Delphinium, Helleborus, and Thalictrum is characteristic of herbs that become woodier: limited amounts of secondary xylem, par­ enchymatization of wood, partial conversion of ray areas to libriform fibers (partial raylessness).
  • Genista Ferox LC Taxonomic Authority: Poir

    Genista Ferox LC Taxonomic Authority: Poir

    Genista ferox LC Taxonomic Authority: Poir. Global Assessment Regional Assessment Region: Global Endemic to region Upper Level Taxonomy Kingdom: PLANTAE Phylum: TRACHEOPHYTA Class: MAGNOLIOPSIDA Order: FABALES Family: LEGUMINOSAE Lower Level Taxonomy Rank: Infra- rank name: Plant Hybrid Subpopulation: Authority: General Information Distribution Genista ferox is found in Algeria, Sardina, Morocco and Tunisia. Range Size Elevation Biogeographic Realm Area of Occupancy: Upper limit: 500 Afrotropical Extent of Occurrence: Lower limit: 0 Antarctic Map Status: Depth Australasian Upper limit: Neotropical Lower limit: Oceanian Depth Zones Palearctic Shallow photic Bathyl Hadal Indomalayan Photic Abyssal Nearctic Population There is currently no data available relating to the population size of this taxon. Total Population Size Minimum Population Size: Maximum Population Size: Habitat and Ecology This taxon has been collected from Mediterranean type forests, woodland, bushland and thicket. System Movement pattern Crop Wild Relative Terrestrial Freshwater Nomadic Congregatory/Dispersive Is the species a wild relative of a crop? Marine Migratory Altitudinally migrant Growth From Definition Shrub - size unkno Perennial shrub (any size), also termed a Phanerophyte if >1m or a Chamaephyte if <1m Growth From Definition Threats This taxon's known habitat is known to be under pressure from anthropogenic activities that include grazing and crop cultivation, urban expansion and the development of tourism infrastructure. This threats are general to the habitat and G. ferox is not considered to be specifically threatened or in decline at present. Past Present Future 13 None Conservation Measures There are a number of protected areas within the species range and seeds have been collected and stored by the Millennium Seed Bank Project as a method of ex situ conservation.
  • Genista Monspessulana (L.) L

    Genista Monspessulana (L.) L

    WRITTEN FINDINGS OF THE WASHINGTON STATE NOXIOUS WEED CONTROL BOARD DRAFT August 24, 2012 Scientific name: Genista monspessulana (L.) L. A. S. Johnson Synonyms: Cytisus monspessulanus L., Cytisus monspessulanus var. umbellulatus (Webb) Briq., Teline candicans var. umbellulatus Webb & Berthel., Teline monspessulana (L.) K. Koch Common name: French broom, canary broom, cape broom, Montpellier broom, soft broom Family: Fabaceae Legal Status: Proposed Class A noxious weed Description and Variation: (Unless otherwise noted, information in this section is from DiTomaso and Healy (2007). Overall Habit: Genista monspessulana is a shrub in the Fabaceae (legume) family that typically grows less than 3 m (10 feet) tall but sometimes grows to 5 m (16 feet) tall (Baldwin et al. 2012, Bossard 2000). Plants can be evergreen or deciduous; in California G. monspessulana keeps much of its leaves in coastal areas and loses more of its leaves in inland areas (Bossard 2000). Stems are erect, typically leafy and covered in silky, silvery hairs (Baldwin et al. 2012, Stace 2010). Younger stems are green and round in cross-section and often strongly 8-10 ridged, while older stems are brown and may not have ridges. Roots: Genista monspessulana is a taprooted shrub that has fine roots associated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Leaves: Leaves are alternately arranged with a petiole (<5mm) and compound with 3 leaflets (Baldwin et al. 2012). Leaflets are oblong to obovate and variable in size with most 10-20 mm long, with the length generally +/- 2 times the width (Baldwin et al. 2012). The leaf’s upper and lower surface is sparsely to densely covered with appressed short, silvery hairs.
  • Sustainable Plantings Guide

    Sustainable Plantings Guide

    SUSTAINABLE PLANTINGS GUIDE CITY OF WILDWOOD, MO MAY 2009 13545 Barrett Parkway Drive Suite 200 St. Louis, MO 63021 Ph 314-984-8211 Fax 314-822-7858 TABLE OF CONTENTS FORWARD 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 INTRODUCTION 4 PLANNING AND DESIGN Landscape Development Plan 5 Landscape Components 5 Plant Materials 6 Structures 8 Mulches 9 Irrigation 11 Grading/Contouring 11 Lighting 12 Water (as a design feature) 12 PLANT MATERIALS Selection and Location 12 Landscape Style 13 Pastures, Meadows and Prairies 13 Pastures 13 Meadows/Prairies 15 Grasses 20 Native Grasses 20 Ornamental Grasses 25 Lawn Care 27 Ground Covers and Perennials 28 Trees and Shrubs 33 Evergreen Trees 33 Deciduous Trees 37 Evergreen Shrubs 50 Deciduous Shrubs 51 NOTE: ADDITIONAL SUSTAINABLE (WATER CONSERVING) PLANT SPECIES AND PLANT MATERIAL INFORMATION ARE AVAILABLE ON THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN WEBSITE http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantinfo.shtml SOIL 71 MULCH 72 IRRIGATION 72 MAINTENANCE 73 EXAMPLES – Sustainable Landscapes 74 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HARDINESS ZONE MAP 82 GLOSSARY 83 1 FORWARD During the later part of the summer, 2007, a number of area property owners began to experience issues relating to the availability of potable water from their private residential wells. Adequate provision of potable water to residential properties is crucial for their use and the issue was taken with the utmost seriousness by the City. City Council was advised of the situation and immediately sought answers to questions relating to the water supply concerns and how the problem might be addressed in a responsible and expedient manner. One of the primary concerns of the City Council was the condition of the aquifer that provides potable groundwater to many of the rural residential tracts in Wildwood.