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Joint Standing Committee COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA JOINT STANDING COMMITTEE on FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DEFENCE AND TRADE ANZUS alliance CANBERRA Monday, 11 August 1997 OFFICIAL HANSARD REPORT CANBERRA JOINT STANDING COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DEFENCE AND TRADE SEMINAR ANZUS alliance CANBERRA Monday, 11 August 1997 Members Senator MacGibbon (Chairman) Senator ChildsMr Bevis Senator ForshawMr Hollis Senator Sandy MacdonaldMr Price Mr Sinclair 1 FADT 2 JOINT Monday, 11 August 1997 Speakers: The Honourable Genta Hawkins HOLMES, United States Ambassador Dr Peter EDWARDS Right Honourable Ian SINCLAIR, MP Mr David SPENCER Dr Stewart WOODMAN Honourable Kim BEAZLEY, MP Professor Paul DIBB Mr Phil SCANLAN Dr Alan STEPHENS Vice Admiral R.A.K. WALLS AO, RAN Brigadier Peter LEAHY AM Mr Allan BEHM Mr Doug PAAL Ambassador Richard W TEARE Dr Bill TOW Mr Hugh WHITE Dr Russell TROOD Mr Richard WOOLCOTT Dr Ross GARNAUT Participants: Commodore H. ADAMS, Navy League of Australia Her Excellency Mrs D.D. ALBERT, Ambassador for the Philippines Mrs G. ALIBANBAN, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University R.J. ALLAN, International Policy Division, Department of Defence Mr R.D. ALLEN, Department of Defence, Army Office Ms S. AUSTRIAN, USIS—Embassy of the United States Major A.V. BALMAKS, Asia-Australia Institute, University of New South Wales Ms C. BIRGIN, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Mr J. BISSCHOP, Royal Netherlands Embassy Captain J. BRADY, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr S. BROOKE, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University J. BROWN, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DEFENCE AND TRADE Monday, 11 August 1997 JOINT FADT 3 Mr H. BUNN, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr K.R. BURREN Ms A. BURROWS, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Dr F. CAIN, School of History, Australian Defence Force Academy Mr X.N. CAO, Third Secretary, Chinese Embassy Major General T.F. CAPE Mr R. CAPIE, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Major General D. CARTER Mr A. CHIN, Parliamentary Library Squadron Leader R.S. CLARKE, Royal New Zealand Air Force Commodore A. CLAYTON-GREEN, New Zealand High Commission Mr P.A. COLE, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Mr M. COLLINS, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University H.B. COOKE, Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom Lieutenant A.J.W. COOPER, Maritime Studies Program Ms R.A. CORRIGAN, Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom Mr J. CRAWFORD, Adviser to the Honourable Arch Bevis, MP Mr A.R. CUMMINS AO, RSL National Defence Committee Ms M. CURTIS, Senator Eggleston’s Office Mr F.R. DALRYMPLE, Australian Centre for American Studies Lieutenant Colonel J.C. DITTMAR, Directorate of Land Warfare, Army Headquarters Ms S. DODDS, Peace Research Centre, Australian National University Professor J.J. EDDY, Australia-New Zealand Centre Mr J.K. EDWARDS, International Research & Information Service Ms A. ELKHOURY, Macquarie University Dr M. EVANS, Land Warfare Studies Centre, Department of Defence Mr L. FONSECA, Counsellor, Brazilian Embassy His Excellency Mr G.C. FORTUNE, New Zealand High Commission Lieutenant L. GODDARD, Sydney University Mr K.Y. GOH, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr T.S. GOH, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Dr B.R. GROVES, XCP Security Systems Professor S. HARRIS, Department of International Relations, Australian National University Ms V. HICKEY Lieutenant Colonel W.W. HOUSTON, LWSC, Russell Offices Mr R.W. HOWE, Disney-Howe Associates Commodore P.J. HUTSON, Royal United Services Institute of Australia Lieutenant Colonel N.F. JAMES, Land Warfare Studies Centre, Department of Defence Mr D. JESSUP, International Policy Division, Department of Defence FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DEFENCE AND TRADE FADT 4 JOINT Monday, 11 August 1997 Captain H.A. JOSEPHS, Navy League of Australia Ms P. KERR, Department of International Relations, Australian National University Major D.A. KERR, Directorate of Land Warfare, Army Headquarters Mr J. KING, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr L.K. KOH, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr P. LA FRANCHI, Australian Defence Magazine Mr K.J. LESLIE, International Policy Division, Department of Defence Mr D. LOVE, Australian National University Mr L.F. MAHONY, Royal United Services Institute of Australia Dr MARENGO, European Union Section, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Ms B.J. MAYWALD, AusAID Commander J.F. McCABE, Defence Intelligence Organisation Professor Tim McCORMACK, Faculty of Law, University of Melbourne Mr S. McFARLANE, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr R.A. McGUIRE, United States Embassy Mr D.L. McLAUGHLIN, Lockheed Martin Global Inc. Ms J.S. McSORLEY, Sutherland Shire Council Lieutenant Colonel S.D. MEEKIN, Directorate of Land Warfare, Army Headquarters Major P.J. MURPHY, Directorate of Land Warfare Ms F.R. NEIL, International Policy Division, Department of Defence Lieutenant Colonel G.H. NETTLETON, Directorate of Land Warfare, Army Headquarters Brigadier M.P.J. O’BRIEN, Australian College of Defence & Strategic Studies Mr J.N. OSBURNSEN, Lockheed Martin Australia Pty Ltd His Excellency DATO’ A OTHMAN, Malaysian High Commissioner Lieutenant Colonel B.T. PACEY, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr X.C. PAN, Second Secretary, Chinese Embassy Major R. PARKIN, Department of Defence Mr L. PIVA, International Policy Division, Department of Defence Colonel M. RADFORD, British High Commission Ms L.C. RAYNER, Parliamentary Library Commander G.A. REES, Joint Services Staff College Mr P.M. REGAN, Joint Standing Committee on Treaties Rear Admiral A.K. ROBERTSON, Navy League of Australia Mr P. RODGERS, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Mr R.H. SACH, Department of Defence Colonel C.S. SCAPEROTTO, United States Defense Attache Office, United States Embassy Mr C.J. SEED, New Zealand High Commission Brigadier J. SHELDRICK, Returned and Services League of Australia FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DEFENCE AND TRADE Monday, 11 August 1997 JOINT FADT 5 N. SHELLEY Commander R.J. SHERWOOD, Maritime Studies Program Mr G.E. SKAGGS, United States DIA Liaison Office Mr D.E. SMITH, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Mr R. SOMERVILLE, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr D.M. STEVENS, Maritime Studies Program, Department of Defence Mr Y.C. TAN, Counsellor, Singapore High Commission Mr J. TAN, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Ms A. TAYKO, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Mr B. TAYLOR, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Ambassador Richard W. TEARE, Foreign Policy Advisor, US Pacific Command Associate Professor C.A. THAYER, School of Politics, Australian Defence Force Academy Squadron Leader N.D. THOMPSON, Air Power Studies Centre Mr J. THORNTON, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Ms A. TIDBALL, United States Embassy Mr J. TORRES, Counsellor, Philippines Embassy Mr M.L. USENG, Royal Thai Embassy Dr B.R. VAUGHN, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Wing Commander, J.Y. WALKER, International Policy Division, Department of Defence Mr P.A. WHITE, Joint Facilities Section, Department of Defence His Excellency Mr S. WIRYONO, Ambassador for Indonesia Mr J. WISPELAERE, Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University Lieutenant Colonel B.P. WOODS, International Policy Division, Department of Defence Mr D.N. WOOLNER, Parliamentary Library Mr X.L. XHAO, Political Counsellor, Chinese Embassy Captain T. YAMAMOTO, Defence Attache, Japanese Embassy Ms J. YATES, Office of Senator Vicki Bourne Mr A YUSAK, Malaysian High Commission FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DEFENCE AND TRADE FADT 6 JOINT Monday, 11 August 1997 Introduction The Honourable Genta Hawkins Holmes, US Ambassador CHAIRMAN - Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade, I welcome you to this meeting, entitled ‘ANZUS after 45 years’. I am chairman of the defence subcommittee, and the defence subcommittee is the unit of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade which is sponsoring the seminar. You will find that the speakers gathered here for this event are some of the most eminent and authoritative persons available to speak on individual aspects of the history, objectives, obligations and implications of the security treaty between Australia, New Zealand and the United States, most commonly referred to by the acronym of ANZUS. I do not intend to speak on the treaty, as I am sure our guest speakers will examine the topic thoroughly and from a myriad of perspectives. That is the reason for this gathering today. I hope that the discussion can be free-ranging and that the proceedings, when published, will provide a definitive text of contemporary thought on the treaty. Accordingly, I invite you all to participate in the opportunities at question time to put your views to the speakers. In many ways the audience is as important a part of this function as the speakers are themselves. I would like to welcome on your behalf the speakers who have kindly contributed their valuable time to be with us for this session. I most warmly want to welcome the American ambassador, Ambassador Holmes,
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