Emissions Mexico Profile
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MEXICO PROFILE ANIMAL WASTE MANAGEMENT METHANE EMISSIONS Prepared to be presented in the Methane to Markets, Agriculture Subcommittee APRIL, 2008 1 For the accomplishment of this document it counted with the participation of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources and the Ministry of Agriculture, livestock, Rural Development and Fishing and Food, as well as in PA's support Government Services, Inc. and Consultancy and Services in Efficient Technologies, C.V's S.A... The production of this document was supported by the Agency for the International Development of the United States (USAID). 2 Mexico’s Profile for Livestock Waste Management Index I Summary of emissions and characterization of the agricultural and livestock sector .......................................................................................................................... 7 I.1 Characterization of the livestock sector .................................................................... 7 I.1.1 Beef Bovines ...................................................................................................................... 8 I.1.2 Dairy Bovines...................................................................................................................... 8 I.1.3 Broilers ............................................................................................................................... 8 I.1.4 Swine ................................................................................................................................. 8 I.1.5 Sheep ................................................................................................................................ 8 I.1.6 Goats ................................................................................................................................. 8 I.1.7 Poultry for egg production .................................................................................................. 9 I.2 Inventory of Greenhouse Gases in Mexico............................................................... 9 I.2.1 Methane Emissions in Mexico ............................................................................................ 9 I.2.2 Inventory of Greenhouse Gases in the Agricultural and Livestock Sector....................... 10 I.3 Livestock Waste Management Practices. ............................................................... 12 I.4 Practices for Methan Recovery and Utilization ....................................................... 13 II Description of Key Stakeholders in Methane Management and Recovery in the Livestock Sector. ....................................................................................................... 16 II.1 Government Sector................................................................................................. 16 II.2 International Donors / Cooperation ......................................................................... 16 II.3 Private Sector ......................................................................................................... 17 III Overview of Methane Recovery and Utilization Potential................................... 18 IV Identified Barriers to Implementation of Methane Capture and Utilization Projects in Livestock Production in Mexico ............................................................................. 20 IV.1 Institutional Barriers ................................................................................................ 20 IV.2 Technological Barriers ............................................................................................ 20 IV.3 Economic Barriers................................................................................................... 20 V Methane Capture and/or Utilization Projects...................................................... 21 V.1 M2M Initiative in Mexico.......................................................................................... 21 V.2 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM): ................................................................ 22 V.3 FIRCO-SAGARPA Project ...................................................................................... 24 VI Significant Aspects of Methane Market and Regulations ................................... 25 Page 3 Mexico’s Profile for Livestock Waste Management VI.1 Potential of Methane Use In Situ ............................................................................ 25 VI.2 Regulation Aspects ................................................................................................. 26 VII Funding Options ............................................................................................. 28 VII.1 International ............................................................................................................ 28 VII.2 National................................................................................................................... 28 VIII Cooperation Agreements................................................................................ 30 IX Priorities to Develop Methane Capture and Utilization in Livestock Activity in Mexico....................................................................................................................... 31 X Other Aspects related to Animal Waste Management........................................ 32 XI Contacts............................................................................................................. 33 XI.1 Public Sector........................................................................................................... 33 XI.2 Educational and Research Institutions.................................................................... 34 XI.3 Civil Associations .................................................................................................... 35 XI.4 Trust Companies..................................................................................................... 34 XI.5 International Agencies ............................................................................................ 37 XI.6 Consultancy Firms and Anaerobic Digestion System Installers.............................. 37 XI.7 Geomembrane Suppliers ........................................................................................ 37 XII Conclusions and observations........................................................................ 39 XIII Reference ....................................................................................................... 40 XIV ATTACHMENTS............................................................................................. 39 XIV.1 ATTACHMENT 1. “Cooperation Agreements between Mexico and other countries” ............................................................................................................................ 39 Page 4 Mexico’s Profile for Livestock Waste Management Table Index Table 1 Mexico. Emissions in CO2 Equivalent (Gg) from 1990-2002.................................. 9 Table 2 Mexico. Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in the Agriculture sector in CO2 equivalent (Gg), 1990-2002. .......................................................................................... 10 Tabla 3. Mexico. Methane Emissions in the Livestock Sector Expressed in Gg. from 1990 – 2002..................................................................................................................... 11 Table 4. Mexico, Projects Registered in the CDM.............................................................. 23 Table 5. Mexico. Cooperation Agreements with Other Countries.................................... 30 Page 5 Mexico’s Profile for Livestock Waste Management Illustration Index Ilustration 1 Mexico. Methane Emissions Expressed in Percentages by Type of Livestock from 1992-2002............................................................................................. 12 Illustration 2. Collecting Tank and Anaerobic Digester. Farm Paraíso IV. Abasolo, Guanajuato. Mexico....................................................................................................... 14 Illustration 3. Anaerobic Digester. Farm Santa Mónica. La Piedad Michoacán. Mexico 14 Illustration 4. Example of a Project under M2M Initiative ................................................. 22 Illustration 5. Location of CDM Livestock Projects in Mexico.......................................... 24 Illustration 6. Production of Electric Power with a Motor Generator............................... 26 Page 6 Mexico’s Profile for Livestock Waste Management I SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL AND LIVESTOCK SECTOR In 2006, the Agricultural, Forest and Fisheries Gross Domestic Product (GDP) accounted for 5.4% of the national GDP. Agricultural activities accounted for 70% of the GDP by sector, while livestock activities, and forest and fisheries accounted for 23% and 7% respectively. 1 Livestock activities are carried out in 110 million hectares. 28% of livestock activities are located in the Mexican tropic, 23% in mild areas and 49% in desert or semi-desert areas. Cattle raising has around 430 thousand units of highly competitive production (approximately 13% of the total), which is mainly devoted to poultry farming, swine breeding and production of bovine milk and meat with high quality standards and innocuousness that allows them to meet the needs of 70 to 98% of the national market depending on the product and access to international markets.