GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORTATION AND HIGHWAYS NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PREPARATORY STUDY FOR NORTH EAST CONNECTIVITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT IN INDIA WIDENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF NH54 (AIZAWL-TUIPANG) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT NOVEMBER 2015 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NIPPON KOEI CO.,LTD. NIPPON KOEI INDIA PVD. LTD. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBRIVIATIONS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………………………….…… v Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Location .................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Requirement and Objective of EIA Report ........................................................................... 2 1.4 Structure of EIA Report ........................................................................................................ 3 Chapter 2 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ......................................................................................... 5 2.1 Preparatory Study For North East Connectivity Improvement Project in India ..................... 5 2.2 Widening and Improvement of NH54 (Aizawl – Tuipang) ..................................................... 5 Chapter 3 policy, legal and institutional framework ..................................................................... 17 3.1 National Level Laws and Regulations .................................................................................. 17 3.2 State Level Legislation and Other Acts .............................................................................. 19 3.3 Institutional Set-up ............................................................................................................ 19 3.4 Requirements of Various Clearance in Different Stages of Project ..................................... 23 Chapter 4 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE ................................................ 25 4.2 Living Environment ........................................................................................................... 39 4.3 Socio-Economic Conditions ............................................................................................... 47 Chapter 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE ...................................................................................... 52 5.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 52 5.2 Consideration of Bypass for Future Phase of the Project ................................................... 56 Chapter 6 Scoping AND ASSESSMENT of environmental impact ............................................... 57 Chapter 7 Assessment of impact and mitigation measures ......................................................... 69 7.1 Natural Environment ......................................................................................................... 69 7.3 Living Environment............................................................................................................ 79 7.4 Socio-Economic Environment ........................................................................................... 88 7.5 Other Issues ....................................................................................................................... 95 Chapter 8 environmental management plan ............................................................................... 99 8.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 99 8.2 Environment Management Plan for Mitigation of Negative Impacts ............................... 100 Chapter 9 public consultation and information disclosure .......................................................... 125 i 9.1 1st Round Consultations with Communities ....................................................................... 125 9.2 2nd Round Consultations with Communities ..................................................................... 129 List of Tables Table 2.1 Present Conditions and Provisional Improvement Cost of NH54 ............................. 5 Table 2.2 Projected Traffic Volume in NH54 till 2035 .............................................................. 6 Table 2.3 Landslide Locations and Proposed side of Widening for Section A .......................... 8 Table 2.4 Landslide Locations and Proposed side of Widening for Section B ......................... 9 Table 2.5 Landslide Locations and Proposed side of Widening for Section C .......................... 9 Table 2.6 Landslide Locations and Proposed side of Widening for Section D ....................... 10 Table 2.7 Slope Protection Work in DPR regarding and a New Proplsal .................................11 Table 2.8 Design Criteria of Cut Grade and Protection Work .................................................11 Table 2.9 Traffic Safety Facilities Proposed for NH54 ............................................................ 13 Table 2.10 Road Appurtenances to be Applied for NH54 ...................................................... 14 Table 2.11 Spoil Bank Volume Requirement ......................................................................... 14 Table 3.1 Clearance Requirements ....................................................................................... 23 Table 4.1 Soil Structures in Project Area ............................................................................... 27 Table 4.2 Production of Forest Products – Mizoram .............................................................. 37 Table 4.3 Rainfall Intensity for Each Section of NH54 ........................................................... 38 Table 4.4 Number of Quarry Permit Issued and Mineral Production ..................................... 39 Table 4.5 District-wise Number of Quarry Permit Issued and Mineral Production, 2010-11 .. 39 Table 4.6 Locations Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ............................................................... 40 Table 4.7 Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ............................................................... 40 Table 4.8 Surface Water Quality ........................................................................................... 42 Table 4.9 Ground Water Quality ........................................................................................... 44 Table 4.10 Water Quality of Community Water Tank ............................................................ 45 Table 4.11 Ambient Noise Level ......................................................................................... 45 Table 4.12 Noise Level Limits of GoI [in LeqdB(A)] ............................................................. 46 Table 4.13 District-wise Population and Literacy Rate .......................................................... 47 Table 4.14 Composition of Various Mizo Tribes in the State ................................................. 48 Table 4.15 Snapshot of District in Mizoram .......................................................................... 49 Table 4.16 Economic Growth of Mizoram ............................................................................ 50 Table 5.1 Concepts of Alternatives ....................................................................................... 52 Table 5.2 Review of Alternatives ............................................................................................. 54 ii Table 6.1 Generic Scoping Matrix for Hilly/Mountainous Road ................................................ 57 Table 6.2 Scoping Matrix for NH54 Widening and Improvement ............................................. 63 Table 7.1 Comparison for culver type ...................................................................................... 72 Table 7.2 Proposed Bus Bay Locations for NH54 ..................................................................... 76 Table 7.3 Design Criteria of Cut Slope and Slope Protection Work ........................................... 76 Table 7.4 Adaption Measures for Climate Change in NH54 ....................................................... 77 Table 7.5 Typical Noise Levels of Construction Equipment ...................................................... 84 Table 7.6 Required Volume for Spoil Bank ............................................................................... 87 Table 7.7 Health and Safety Measures ..................................................................................... 92 Table 8.1 Environmental Management Plan for Pre-Construction Stage .............................. 102 Table 8.2 Environmental Management Plan for Construction Stage .................................... 104 Table 8.3 Environmental Management Plan for Operation Stage .......................................... 117 Table 8.4 Budget for EMP Implementation ........................................................................... 120 Table 8.5 Environmental Monitoring Plan ............................................................................. 122 Table 9.1 Participation Details of 1st Round of Consultation .................................................. 126 Table