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Carrying Capacity Analysis in Mizoram Tourism

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Senhri Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 4, No. 1 (January - June 2019), p. 30-37 Senhri Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies ISSN: 2456-3757 Vol. 04, No. 01 A Journal of Pachhunga University College Jan.-June, 2019 (A Peer Reviewed Journal) Open Access https://senhrijournal.ac.in DOI: 10.36110/sjms.2019.04.01.004 CARRYING CAPACITY ANALYSIS IN MIZORAM TOURISM Ghanashyam Deka 1,* & Rintluanga Pachuau2 1Department of Geography, Pachhunga University College, Aizawl, Mizoram 2Department of Geography & Resource Management, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram *Corresponding Author: [email protected] Ghanashyam Deka: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5246-9682 ABSTRACT Tourism Carrying Capacity was defined by the World Tourism Organization as the highest number of visitors that may visit a tourist spot at the same time, without causing damage of the natural, economic, environmental, cultural environment and no decline in the class of visitors' happiness. Carrying capacity is a concept that has been extensively applied in tourism and leisure studies since the 1960s, but its appearance can be date back to the 1930s. It may be viewed as an important thought in the eventual emergence of sustainability discussion, it has become less important in recent years as sustainability and its associated concepts have come to dominate planning on the management of tourism and its impacts. But the study of carrying capacity analysis is still an important tool to know the potentiality and future impact in tourism sector. Thus, up to some extent carrying capacity analysis is important study for tourist destinations and states like Mizoram. Mizoram is a small and young state with few thousands of visitors that visit the state every year. But with the existing facilities will it be okay for future planning is significant to study. Hence, this paper is an attempt to study the carrying capacity of Mizoram Tourism with some selected destinations. Keywords: Carrying Capacity, Sustainability, Tourism, Delphi Analysis. Introduction for the idea of carrying capacity as a part to the travel industry‟s prospective study. With regards to the travel industry, a While it is helpful to recognize the carrying significant related issue to be talked about is capacity limit of a destination that used for the carrying capacity analysis for example the travel industry, yet the perception may all the more explicitly, the ideal number of not be a straight forward a decision-making sightseers that can give to day by day visit tool. without influencing the balance. It is to be noticed that there has been much enthusiasm © SJMS, 2019 30 Senhri Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 4, No. 1 (January - June 2019), p. 30-37 According to Roy and Tisdell technique for identification and assessment (1998), the carrying capacities and its idea of the impacts of tourism. The Delphi are neither distinct nor specific. In fact, it is technique is one of group of judgmental a relative and dynamic idea in tourism. methods, which have gained recognition for Carrying capacity of a specific site or region their value in forecasting. It is one of the might be viewed as a component of various most well established means of collecting factors like the number and choice of expert opinion and of gaining consensus traveler assets, for example, the existence of among experts on various factors under historical sites, biodiversity reserves, plants consideration. While Delphi originated as a and animals, quality of the air or water, the technique of future forecasting research, it’s tolerance and fragility of resources to use more general applicability is now widely the power of resource, the provision and accepted, including its potential maintenance of infrastructural services, and contribution to environmental impact so on. In a very simple way let us consider assessment (EIA).” that the main issues with the carrying Following Mitra and Chattopadhyay capacity of a tourist destination are in terms (2003) the present study is carried out for of visitors‟ numbers in light of income, Mizoram with reference to Aizawl city available tourist infrastructure, weather and museum, Kolasib, Zokhawthar, Thenzawl, climate with associated environmental issues Reiek, Phawngpui and Lawngtlai by using and their reaction to the destination along the Delphi technique of analysis. The Delphi with the quality and services. method of examination is one of the well- The idea of carrying capacity was established ways to gather expert‟s used successfully by Mitra and assessment. Truth be told, when the review Chattopadhyay, (2003) in their study of was directed for gathering the expert‟s “Environmental Conservation and Demand feeling of the effect of the tourism industry for Nature Based Tourism in Arunachal on the travel industry parameters the study Pradesh” which is further followed along was likewise reached out to gather the with the techniques of Green et al. (1990) in expert assessment in regards to the ideal their study of environment and its impacts in number of visitors in the chosen places of England. The study was borrowed from the interest of Mizoram that could be obliged idea of Tisdell (1997) which was the study day by day without antagonistically about the „aspects of sustainability of eco- influencing the neighborhood condition, by tourism.‟ Thus the idea is now applied with providing them with information in regards the tourism study for sustainability and to the physical highlights of the places of development of tourism. interest and the present yearly inflow of tourists. Mitra and Chattopadhyay (2003) referred that “the Delphi technique (Dietz, Mizoram is a young state with a few 1987; Green et al, 1990; Rowe et al., 1991; recognized tourist destinations. In the state Rowe and Wright, 1999) was used which is most of the destinations are scattered in considered as a potentially valuable nature. Therefore it is difficult to interlink © SJMS, 2019 31 Senhri Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 4, No. 1 (January - June 2019), p. 30-37 Figure 1: Tourism Guide Map of Mizoram © SJMS, 2019 32 Senhri Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 4, No. 1 (January - June 2019), p. 30-37 all the destinations with some grids or by side along with the third round of Delphi circuits. Hence few tourist destinations in data. the state is growing and getting visitors in a After considering the average night regular basis. With the advancement of spent by the tourists along with the existing tourism it is always demanded better facilities in the area, optimum number of communication, accommodation, quality of visitor estimation was calculated to know food supply and so on. Thus with the the present carrying capacity of the selected increasing demand of the destination there is tourist destinations. Finally the actual a gap that develop between the host and the number of visitors was put side by side with guests where the carrying capacity can be the estimated number of visitors for the analyzed and interpreted. To find out this study of carrying capacity. gap it is important to know the carrying capacity of Mizoram tourism. It may help us It is important to note that the in future course of action for betterment of estimation of experts were mainly taken to state tourism. identify and assess the possible negative impacts of tourism on ecological parameters Objective and the best possible number of tourists that Present paper is an attempt to study can be catered to daily in the selected tourist the carrying capacity of Mizoram tourism spots of Mizoram without affecting the with reference to eight selected destinations. ecosystem adversely. Database and Methodology The Study Area Both primary and secondary data are The present study area is the used in the present study. Delphi technique Mizoram state as a whole with consideration is used widely for the carrying capacity of eight important places that selected one analysis. Questionnaire was prepared for from each district. State museum is three rounds of Delphi techniques of representing the Aizawl district followed by analysis accordingly. The first questionnaire Kolasib town (Kolasib), Zokhawthar is an estimation that roughly calculated (Champhai), Reiek (Mamit), Thenzawl based on the revenue and average number of (Serchhip), Phawngpui (Siaha/Saiha), visitors. Based on the first questionnaire, Lunglei (Lunglei) and Lawngtlai remaining two questionnaires are modified (Lawngtlai). Out of these, State Museum, considering the responses of the planners, Reiek, Zokhawthar, Phawngpui and hosts, environmental experts and other stack Thenzawl are notable tourist destinations in holders associated with the state tourism. the state. Apart from these Lunglei, Thus after three rounds, it gives an Lawngtlai and Kolasib are the important estimation which is optimum in general and places and district headquarters that fit for comparative study in particular. Later accommodate hundreds of tourists during on the comparison of secondary data which the peak season. collected from the tourism department and other authentic sources were tabulated side © SJMS, 2019 33 Senhri Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 4, No. 1 (January - June 2019), p. 30-37 The state museum is well known specialists used to consider significant for a destination that displays the art, culture and selected destination. Similarly carrying history of Mizoram. It is considered as one capacity is considered as a function of the of the must visit place in Mizoram. On the existing infrastructural facilities. The other hand Reiek is a famous destination mountainous region like Phawngpui, the that attracts visitors for its historical, most extreme individual from guests geographical and geological importance. permitted in a timeframe could be Every year it attracts large number of determined to the premise of the enthusiastic tourists during the Anthurium festivals. effect of travelers‟ activities on genuine Thenzawl is in the mid way to southern aspects of transportation, seasonality, and Mizoram that allow tourist to see its scenic the environmental and ecological conditions. beauty along with the Vantawng Fall the However, the tourist inflow may be varying largest waterfall in Mizoram.
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