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Libya Idp and Returnee Report

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Libya Idp and Returnee Report MAR APR DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX 2020 dtm.iom.int/libya [email protected] LIBYA IDP AND RETURNEE REPORT MOBILITY TRACKING ROUND 30 MARCH - APRIL 2020 Project funded by the European Union © 2020 International Organization for Migration (IOM) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). Cover Photo: IOM collecting household information from an IDP head of household in Surman, Libya, as part of assistance provided via interagency Rapid Response Mechanism; February 2020 ©IOM 2020 / Majdi El Nakua Note: Lack of use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is appropriate to context as the photo was taken before Covid-19 cases were reported in Libya, and therefore before public health advisory on use of PPE. JAN FEB LIBYA IDP AND RETURNEE REPORT 20202019 Contents Key findings (Round 30) ................................................................................................4 Overview .....................................................................................................................................5 Update on Conflict in Western Libya .................................................................6 Areas of Displacement and Return .......................................................................7 Locations of Displacement and Return Map .................................................9 Demographics ..........................................................................................................................9 Drivers of Displacement .................................................................................................10 MultiSectoral Location Assessment ......................................................................12 Humanitarian Priority Needs ......................................................................................12 Education ..................................................................................................................................14 Food ...............................................................................................................................................15 Health ...........................................................................................................................................16 NFI and Access to Markets ..........................................................................................17 Security and Mine Action ............................................................................................18 Accommodation ....................................................................................................................19 Water Sanitation And Hygiene (WASH) ..........................................................21 Other Public Services ........................................................................................................22 Reference Map - Libya ........................................................................................................23 Methodology..........................................................................................................................24 DTM ROUND 30 | MARCH - APRIL 2020 3 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX IOM LIBYA KEY FINDINGS (ROUND 30) IDPs Returnees 401,836 457,324 idps in libya returnees in libya 94% 8,751 were displaced due to new returnees identified the deterioration of the indicating an uptick in security situation 0% 20% return40% movements60% 80% 100% 108,003 Tripoli 60% 39,605 84% Almargeb of idps live in self-paid of returnees live in rented accommodation their previous homes 34,595 0% TOP20% 3 REGIONS40% WITH60% IDP80%s 100% 0% TOP 20%3 REGIONS40% WITH60% RETURNEES80% 100% 108,003 TRIPOLITripoli BENGHAZIBenghazi 189,025 39,605 ALMARGEBAlmargeb SIRTSirt 77,510 34,595 MISRATA TRIPOLITripoli 62,370 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% INTERVIEWS WITH KEY INFORMANTS Benghazi 189,025 2,071 (ROUND 29, MOBILITY TRACKING) 659 of 667 COMMUNITIES Sirt 77,510 100% of 100% COVERAGE MUNICIPALITIES Project funded by Tripoli 62,370 the European Union 4 DTM ROUND 30 | MARCH - APRIL 2020 LIBYA IDP AND RETURNEE REPORT OVERVIEW IOM LIBYA This report presents the findings of Round 30 of the mobility tracking component of the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) programme in Libya, covering the IDPs reporting period from March to April 2020. In Round 30, the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) identified in Libya 401,836 78,787 Individuals increased from 373,709 IDPs to 401,836 IDPs. New displacements during the Families reporting period were primarily due to an increase in the instances of armed conflict in western Libya. In particular during March – April 2020 displacements to the areas 94 473 of Abu Qurayn, Sirt, Hai Alandalus, Tajoura, and Garabolli were observed from the Municipalities Communities conflict affected areas. The sustained use of air strikes and artillery shelling in the vicinity of areas inhabited Returnees by civilians continues to negatively impact the safety and lives of the civilian population in southern Tripoli region and other conflict-affected areas in Libya. In the context of ongoing armed conflict in and around southern Tripoli since April 2019, and 457,324 91,346 the protracted cases of previously displaced households, the municipalities of Tripoli Individuals Families region now collectively host more than 108,000 IDPs. In Round 30 an uptick in return of IDPs to their places of origin was also observed as 8,751 individuals previously 44 181 displaced returned to their places of origin. Close to 89% of these returnees returned Municipalities Communities to their places of origin in Aljfara, followed by Almargeb (3% of the new returnees). Towards the end of the data collection cycle intensification in the conflict was reported in the areas of Tarhuna, Bani Waleed, and Sirt resulting in the displacement of over 18,475 additional individuals to areas in eastern Libya. (Further details in DTM Flash Update.)1 The reporting period also coincides with the emergence of Covid-19 in Libya2. As public health measures including widespread restrictions on movement and mobility were imposed, DTM also initiated a Covid-19 component of Mobility Tracking aimed at understanding the socio-economic impact of these restrictions on vulnerable populations on the move. During the first round of the Covid-19 Mobility Tracking (last two weeks of April), in 9 out of the 39 municipalities assessed key informants reported that arrivals of IDPs seeking safety in these areas will be negatively affected due to the restrictions on movement that prevent people from arriving at or leaving these areas. In 90% of the municipalities assessed (35 municipalities) these restrictions on movement put in place as a public health measure had negatively affected the residents including IDPs and returnees in these areas.3 DTM Multi-Sectoral Location Assessment's (MSLA) key informant data on health facilities’ distribution by region (mantika) in Libya highlights critical structural issues and gaps. In 43 municipalities a lack of functional hospitals was reported. For life saving clinical management of critical Covid-19 patients only hospitals with fully functional intensive or critical care units may be considered to provide adequate level of care, and therefore lack of hospitals in 43% municipalities of Libya is a critical gap that should be considered in any potential Covid-19 response plan. Fig 1 Libya displacement and return timeline 444,760 447,388 457,324 403,978 372,022 310,829 304,305 401,836 249,298 343,180 268,629 240,188 199,091 179,400 187,423 Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 DTM Libya — Bani Waleed, Tarhuna, Sirt, Ejdabia, Benghazi Flash Update (07 JUNE 2020) report accessible here. 2 For further details see DTM Mobility Restrictions Dashboards: Click here for Dashboard #1, Dashboard #2, Dashboard #3 at: https://migration.iom.int/reports/libya- —-mobility-restriction-dashboard-3-7-may-2020 3 For further details see DTM Libya — COVID-19 MOBILITY TRACKING #1 (16 May 2020): https://migration.iom.int/reports/libya-—-covid-19-mobility-tracking-1-16- may-2020 DTM ROUND 30 | MARCH - APRIL 2020 5 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX IOM LIBYA EVENT TRACKING MUNICIPALITY TYPE OF INCIDENT FLASH UPDATE UPDATE ONTARHUNA CONFLICT DISPLACEMENT IN WESTERN LIBYA 21 APRIL 2020 During March - April 2020 (round 30) a sharp increase in the number of armed conflict related events was reported in Libya by the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data (ACLED) project (see figure 2 below). Sustained armed conflict on the ground (battles), and use of air strikes andSITUATION artillery shelling UPDATE (explosions/remote violence) in the vicinity of areas inhabited by civilians continued to negatively impact the safety andFollowing lives of the intensification civilian population, of theand conflictresulted in in significant Western new Libya displacements. over the pastAll displacements weeks, several observed locations and reported during the round 30 data collected cycle were driven by armed conflict directly and indirectly via increase in general insecurity. between Garabolli and Tarhuna were heavily affected by armed clashes on 18-19 April 2020. Reportedly, at least 620 families (approximately 3,100 individuals)
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