DOCSLIB.ORG

Race, Mines and Picket Lines

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Race, Mines and Picket Lines Race, Mines and Picket Lines: The 1925-1928 Western Pennsylvania Bituminous Coal Strike Eli Martin Kirshner Candidate for Senior Honors in History Oberlin College, Class of 2020 Thesis Advisor: Professor Renee Romano 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... 3 Preface: Author’s journey ............................................................................................................ 7 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 10 Chapter 1 | Whiteness on strike ................................................................................................. 27 Rhetoric of white resentment ............................................................................................................... 28 Words turn into actions: ‘Justified’ racial violence ........................................................................... 41 “In-between” whiteness ........................................................................................................................ 47 Chapter 2 | The Racial Policemen Arrive ................................................................................. 53 Intermingling and alarm bells .............................................................................................................. 55 Brushing off the Senators ..................................................................................................................... 61 Chapter 3 | Black miners, resistance, and community ............................................................ 70 Agency in migration .............................................................................................................................. 72 Unions, industrial morality, and respectability .................................................................................. 75 Building community .............................................................................................................................. 81 Direct action, protest, and armed retaliation...................................................................................... 86 Conclusion: What does a coal miner look like? ....................................................................... 92 Acknowledgements This endeavor would not have been possible without the love, generosity, and wisdom of so many people. Before beginning my prose, I would like to recognize a few: I cannot imagine doing this honors thesis project without the support of Professor Renee Romano, who has been my advisor, project sponsor, academic mentor, and history professor extraordinaire! Professor Romano’s HIST 227: The History and Practice of Whiteness in the U.S. course changed the trajectory of my Oberlin experience. In early 2018, Professor Romano sponsored my Winter Term project, in which I researched race and coal mining in Western Pennsylvania. I will never forget the day in February 2018, when to my astonishment, she suggested that I pursue this project as an Honors Thesis my senior year. Ever since, Professor Romano has mentored me and guided me through every step of the process: drafting a prospectus, applying for grant funding, and writing the thesis. I am so grateful that she generously dedicated the time to meeting with me every Tuesday this academic year and suggesting great ideas for analysis and secondary source material, and to frequently reading drafts of my work. Since the earliest stages of this project began as a reflection on my family history in Western Pennsylvania, I am truly indebted to my two wonderful genealogy god-mothers, Suzanne Camino and Annessa Wyman. Suzanne (in Ann Arbor) and Annessa (in Oberlin) have both encouraged and supported me so much along this journey, through giving feedback on my Winter Term projects, coming to presentations about my research, and always getting visibly excited when I share some new piece of primary source information I have found. Here’s to more great finds and bagels! My Oberlin College experience would not be the same without Eboni A. Johnson, the Librarian-extraordinaire at Terrell Library and someone I am blessed to call an academic mentor and dear friend. My first week at Oberlin, I introduced myself to Eboni, since she was the library advisor to my First-Year Seminar. I eventually got over Eboni teasing me from being a Wolverine from Ann Arbor (she is a tried-and-true OSU fan), and I am so grateful for all the ways she has taken interest in me and guided me along in my studies. Eboni advised my first ever Winter Term project – which merged into this thesis – and we have met for countless research appointments at the college library, where she has shown me how to use many of the primary and secondary source search databases that have been critical in my research. Eboni encouraged me to apply for the History Department Honors Program, and even threatened to call my mother if I did not submit my prospectus! Next year, maybe we won’t lose so badly to the Buckeyes. Thank you to Professor Zeinab Abul-Magd, coordinator of the 2019-2020 History Department Honors Program. Zeinab has given me much helpful feedback and guidance this year, and I am very appreciative of all the time she has taken to thoughtfully read my chapter drafts, as well as those of my fellow History 501-502 classmates. I would like to give a special thanks to Tim Pinnick, who has been so supportive of my project and provided me with helpful resources, including scanned book chapters, links, and research ideas, along the way. Tim so kindly even tried to call me from a genealogy conference he 4 was speaking at, to discuss my research while I was abroad in Ecuador. We eventually had a long phone conversation, in which Tim shared some of his expertise in African-American coal miner genealogy with me and offered me new methods of analysis. I am so grateful for all of the work Tim has done over the years to compile and maintain the African-American Coal Miner Information Center, which acted as a launching point for much of my research. Thank you to Professor Tamika Nunley and Professor Ellen Wurtzel of the Oberlin College Department of History, who have been the defense committee readers for my thesis. As early as November, Professor Nunley and Professor Wurtzel both provided me with excellent time- management strategies, ideas to consider for main arguments, and have generously offered their time and insight to read drafts of my progress this year. I am incredibly grateful for the dedicated work of Amanda Peters, archivist of the Penn State University-Fayette Coal and Coke Heritage Museum, in Lemont Furnace, PA. Ever since we first spoke over the phone in the fall of 2017, Amanda has been so responsive, helpful, and supportive of my research. Amanda provided me with hundreds of pages of transcribed oral history interviews from the Patch Work Voices Project, and brought out dozens of relevant primary sources during my June 2019 visit to the Coal and Coke Heritage Center. Thank you also to Mary Jones, librarian at the Detre Family Archives of the Heinz History Center in downtown Pittsburgh, who arranged my visit to the archives in June 2019 and enabled me to listen to cassette-recorded oral histories from 1974, old news reels on VHS tape, Pittsburgh Coal Company documents, and printed scans of the United Mine Workers Journal. This project would not have been possible without Phyllis Yarber Hogan, Che Gonzalez, Kitty Bowie, Dr. Deborah Abbott, Annessa Wyman, Jordann Sadler, Eboni Johnson, Sydney Murphy and the rest of the amazing Oberlin African-American Genealogy and History Group (OAAGHG). My Oberlin experience would not have been the same without Saturday genealogy sessions at the Bridge (especially when it involved bagels and lox), hilariously fun road trips to conferences in Pittsburgh and Columbus, and 3 a.m. emails about clues in our searches for Virginia Scott, Hasty Smith, Old Man George, and Rabbi Kirschner! I would also like to thank Marlene Bransom, President of the Pittsburgh chapter of AAGHS, for connecting me with helpful resources and archives pertaining to African-American coal mining research and genealogy in southwestern Pennsylvania. I am indebted to the incredible oral history work of Elaine H. DeFrank and her team of historians who facilitated, recorded, and transcribed dozens of amazing interviews with coal miners and their family members as part of the Patch Work Voices Project in the 1990s and early 2000s. Similarly, I am immensely grateful to the work of Dr. Peter Gottlieb and the 1974 Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission’s Oral History Project of coal and steel workers in the Pittsburgh Area. I would like to express my gratitude to the entire Oberlin College History Department, and the Honors Committee, in particular, for awarding me the Frederick B. Artz Summer Research Grant. This funding enabled me to travel to Western Pennsylvania in June 2019 and to conduct primary source investigation at local archives. Thank you to my lovely cousins, Lorien, Chris, Abby, and Jonah Hart, for hosting me in Pittsburgh! 5 I give special thanks to some of the wonderful Oberlin College professors and academic mentors that I have been blessed to have these past four years: Professor Candice Raynor, Professor Wendy Kozol, Professor Yveline Alexis, Dean Adrian Bautista, Professor Gina Pérez, Dean Shozo Kawaguchi,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reading Locally, Teaching Globally: How Local Stories Can Inspire Students to Ask Universal Questions Jeraldine R
    Teaching American Literature: A Journal of Theory and Practice Summer 2017 (9:1) Reading Locally, Teaching Globally: How Local Stories Can Inspire Students to Ask Universal Questions Jeraldine R. Kraver, University of Northern Colorado Abstract: Literature offers what Santayana calls, "rehearsals for rational living," partly through the questions it poses, including those Mark Edmundson raises in Why Read?: "Who am I?" "What might I become?" "What is the world in which I find myself?" "How might it be changed for the better?" I engage students with such questions by reading locally— choosing texts set in our backyard. In Colorado, the local connections of Upton Sinclair's forgotten novel, King Coal create initial interest; however, the plot and protagonists offer opportunities for students to engage in the imaginative rehearsals required to answer these essential questions. I first encountered Upton Sinclair's King Coal as a graduate student at the University of Kentucky. The novel was integral to the first essay I ever published—a discussion of Sinclair's work alongside Germinal (Emile Zola's naturalistic view of miners in France) and Matewan (John Sayles' a film about the West Virginia coal wars). The thesis of that essay is irrelevant here, but what does matter and does disturb me is that, despite residing just a few hours from Harlan County—where the battle between local miners and Duke Power had been the subject of the Oscar-winning documentary, Harlan County, USA—in a state abutting West Virginia, it never occurred to me to make the connection between the literature of the past and the issues of coal mining in the present.
    [Show full text]
  • Similarities Between the West Virginia Mine Wars and George
    1 “Striking” Similarities Between The West Virginia Mine Wars and George Floyd Protests: How They Pertain to Civil Disobedience and the Civic Duty All Americans Have to Keep Their “American Creed” Payton Fitchpatrick Marshall University Dan O’Hanlon Essay Competition, Fall 2020 2 Born out of civil disobedience itself, the United States of America and the standard of life US citizens enjoy today would be nothing but an afterthought without the hundreds of thousands of outlaws and rebels who time and time again throughout history stood up for what they believed in. From the American Revolution itself, all the way up until today, American citizens have always stood up for what they believed was right, even if it was in defiance of the government itself. Many events pertaining to civil disobedience such as the Civil Rights movement and the fight for Women’s Suffrage in the United States are well known and well documented, and rightfully so as they were major victories for millions of Americans in their fight for basic rights. But what happens when a movement fails? What happens when “victory” isn’t achieved? These fights still hold the same meaning, yet they seem to be forgotten battles left in the past and forgotten to most living today. An example of this can be seen in the early 20th century, located in the heart of the Appalachian Mountains where thousands of West Virginian coal miners began their fight for freedom in what is known as the biggest insurrection since the American Civil War itself, the West Virginia Coal Wars.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Institutionalist History of Appalshop: Exploring the Agential Dynamics of an Appalachian Community Cultural Development Organization
    A New Institutionalist History of Appalshop: Exploring the Agential Dynamics of an Appalachian Community Cultural Development Organization Sarah E. Lyon-Hill Dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Planning, Governance and Globalization Max O. Stephenson, Jr. Chair Robert H. Leonard Kim L. Niewolny A. Scott Tate November 18, 2019 Blacksburg, VA Keywords: New Institutionalism, Fields, Agency, Community Cultural Development, Arts Organizations, Appalachia Copyright © 2019 A New Institutionalist History of Appalshop: Exploring the Agential Dynamics of an Appalachian Community Cultural Development Organization Sarah Lyon-Hill ABSTRACT This research draws on New Institutionalist theory as interpreted by Fligstein and McAdam (2012) to explore the relationship between structure and agency within one nonprofit organization, Appalshop, located in Central Appalachia. Since 1969, Appalshop has worked with peer institutions to form a larger community cultural development (CCD) field, characterized by actors that value the potential of art and cultural activities to create space for individual and collective imagining and reimagining of communities. Through an exploration of archival documents and interviews with 18 current and former Appalshop staff, I analyzed the organization’s 50-year evolution. I identified ways in which Appalshop has operated in the midst of different enabling and inhibiting structural forces, how its staff has sought to assert agency by contesting or circumventing those extant forces, and how the ensuing tensions have shaped the organization’s approach to social change. During its evolution, Appalshop can be seen as having gone through four different stages characterized by changing national policy and culture as well as the actions of different generations of Appalshop staff.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape and History at the Headwaters of the Big Coal River
    Landscape and History at the Headwaters of the Big Coal River Valley An Overview By Mary Hufford Reading the Landscape: An Introduction “This whole valley’s full of history.” -- Elsie Rich, Jarrold’s Valley From the air today, as one flies westward across West Virginia, the mountains appear to crest in long, undulating waves, giving way beyond the Allegheny Front to the deeply crenulated mass of the coal-bearing Allegheny plateaus. The sandstone ridges of Cherry Pond, Kayford, Guyandotte, and Coal River mountains where the headwaters of southern West Virginia’s Big Coal River rise are the spectacular effect of millions of years of erosion. Here, water cutting a downward path through shale etched thousands of winding hollows and deep valleys into the unglaciated tablelands of the plateaus. Archeologists have recovered evidence of human activity in the mountains only from the past 12,000 years, a tiny period in the region’s ecological development. Over the eons it took to transform an ancient tableland into today’s mountains and valleys, a highly differentiated forest evolved. Known among ecologists as the mixed mesophytic forest, it is the biologically richest temperate-zone hardwood system in the world. And running in ribbons beneath the fertile humus that anchors the mixed mesophytic are seams of coal, the fossilized legacy of an ancient tropical forest, submerged and compressed during the Paleozoic era beneath an inland sea.1 Many of the world’s mythologies explain landforms as the legacies of struggles among giants, time out of mind. Legend accounts for the Giant’s Causeway, a geological formation off the coast of Northern Ireland, as the remains of an ancient bridge that giants made between Ireland and Scotland.
    [Show full text]
  • The Origins of Central West Virginia's Multiracial Community
    Founding Chestnut Ridge: The Origins of Central West Virginia’s Multiracial Community A Senior Honors Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for graduation with research distinction in History in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University. by Alexandra Finley The Ohio State University March 2010 Project Advisor: Professor Randolph Roth, Department of History 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………3 Introduction: The “Guineas” of West Virginia…..……………………………………………4 I. Race and the Male Brothers……………….……………………………………………….21 II. The Legend of Sam Norris…………………………………………………………..........46 III. The Life of Gustavus Croston ……………………………………………………...……64 IV. Henry Dalton’s Fate……………………………..……………………………………….76 V. The Chestnut Ridge People…………………………………………….………………….90 Appendix A: Associated Surnames and Variant Spellings…………………………………...104 Appendix B: Related Genealogies……………………………………………………………105 Appendix C: The Legend of Sam Norris……………………………………………………..107 Appendix D: The Writings of Bill Peat Norris……………………………………………….110 Appendix E: Associated Families…………………………………………………………….118 Appendix F: Maps…………………………………………………………………………….129 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………………..134 2 Acknowledgements This research could not have been completed without the generous assistance of many individuals. First and foremost among these are my mom, dad, and grandpa, who have listened to drafts and patiently paid attention (or at least courteously pretended to) while I verbally sorted out my thought processes. A large thank you also goes to my mom for fearlessly driving us over not just Bald Knob Mountain and Saddle Mountain, but also Backbone Mountain, which, unbeknownst to us at the time, is the highest point in the state of Maryland, all in the quest for my research’s “holy grail.” I owe many thanks to my advisor, Dr. Randolph Roth, for his support and guidance.
    [Show full text]
  • War On, a Peculiar Construction a Linguistic Study
    Océane Smith-Médion Sous la direction d’Andrew McMichael (Maître de conférences) et Nathalie Vincent-Arnaud (Professeur) WAR ON, A PECULIAR CONSTRUCTION A LINGUISTIC STUDY Mémoire de Master 2 Département Etudes du Monde Anglophone 2018-2019 Océane Smith-Médion 21110122 Sous la direction d’Andrew McMichael (Maître de conférences) et Nathalie Vincent-Arnaud (Professeur) WAR ON, A PECULIAR CONSTRUCTION A LINGUISTIC STUDY Mémoire de Master 2 Date de soutenance : 10/07/2019 Membres du Jury : Nathalie Vincent-Arnaud Andrew McMichael Anne Przewozny Département Etudes du Monde Anglophone 2018-2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................3 I. Theoretical framework ........................................................................................................5 I.1 – Construction Grammar ...............................................................................................5 I.2 – War on, a construction? ..............................................................................................7 I.3 – Metaphors and scenarios ........................................................................................... 12 I.3.1 – Metaphor Theory ............................................................................................... 13 I.3.2 – Political use of metaphors .................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • David Morris: an Ethnographic Case Study of an Appalachian Cultural Artist, Producer, Educator and Activist Dissertation Present
    David Morris: An Ethnographic Case Study of an Appalachian Cultural Artist, Producer, Educator and Activist Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Curtis L. Vance, Jr., M.P.A. Graduate Program Arts Administration, Education and Policy The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee Christine Ballengee-Morris, Advisor James Sanders, III, Advisor Amy Shuman Copyright by Curtis L. Vance, Jr. 2013 Abstract As a descendant of Appalachian people from the coalfield regions of western Kentucky and West Virginia, I have seen the manner in which Appalachian have been presented and represented. For generations mountain people have been depicted in literature, film and festivals in an often-negative light. It was my intention to explore these displays through the experiences of an insider expert. This dissertation is an ethnographic case study/oral history utilizing the history and expertise of David Morris. Mr. Morris is an Appalachian cultural artisan, festival producer, cultural educator and activist. Through an exploration of The Morris Family Old Time Music Festival and other personal experiences of Mr. Morris, the study provides a better understanding of the presentations and subsequent perceptions of Appalachian people. This dissertation considers historic literature of the region that has provided an exploration of Appalachia and those from the area. Literature about Appalachia includes works by Whisnant (1995), Batteau (1990) and others. The use of these texts provided a foundation of understanding about the long held stereotypes and the history of colonialism that has affected mountain people. In addition to literature about Appalachia, the study utilizes theoretical literature exploring semiotics, authenticity and discourse by experts including Eco, Barthes, Peirce, ii Bakhtin (1981), Foucault (1972), Adorno (1972) and Benjamin (1968).
    [Show full text]
  • Tracing Melungeon Roots in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia and Tennessee
    Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 5-2010 On Family and Fences: Tracing Melungeon Roots in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia and Tennessee Ron Horton Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Creative Writing Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Horton, Ron, "On Family and Fences: Tracing Melungeon Roots in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia and Tennessee" (2010). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 1974. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.1973 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. On Family and Fences: Tracing Melungeon Roots in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia and Tennessee by Ron Horton A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF FINE ARTS in CREATIVE WRITING Thesis Committee: Paul Collins, Chair Amy Greenstadt Michael McGregor Portland State University 2010 ABSTRACT An abstract of the thesis of Ron Horton for the Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing presented May 6, 2010. Title: On Family and Fences: Tracing Melungeon Roots in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia and Tennessee. The Melungeons are a group of indeterminable origin living in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Southeastern Tennessee and Southwestern Virginia. This thesis describes characteristics of these tri-racial isolates and gives theories as to their mysterious origins.
    [Show full text]
  • Melungeon Portraits: Lived Experience and Identity Tamara L
    Antioch University AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive Student & Alumni Scholarship, including Dissertations & Theses Dissertations & Theses 2013 Melungeon Portraits: Lived Experience and Identity Tamara L. Stachowicz Antioch University - PhD Program in Leadership and Change Follow this and additional works at: http://aura.antioch.edu/etds Part of the American Studies Commons, Developmental Psychology Commons, Epistemology Commons, Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, Leadership Studies Commons, Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies Commons, Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, and the Social Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Stachowicz, Tamara L., "Melungeon Portraits: Lived Experience and Identity" (2013). Dissertations & Theses. 64. http://aura.antioch.edu/etds/64 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student & Alumni Scholarship, including Dissertations & Theses at AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations & Theses by an authorized administrator of AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. MELUNGEON PORTRAITS: LIVED EXPERIENCE AND IDENTITY TAMARA L. STACHOWICZ A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Ph.D. in Leadership and Change Program of Antioch University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July, 2013 This is to certify that the Dissertation entitled: MELUNGEON PORTRAITS: LIVED EXPERIENCE AND IDENTITY prepared by Tamara Stachowicz is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Leadership and Change. Approved by: Carolyn Kenny, Ph.D., Chair date Lize Booysen, DBL, Committee Member date Katherine Vande Brake, Ph.D., Committee Member date Dara Culhane, Ph.D., External Reader date Copyright 2013 Tamara L.
    [Show full text]
  • Religious Arguments in Appalachian Extractive Fiction
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--English English 2021 Almost Heaven: Religious Arguments in Appalachian Extractive Fiction Darby Lane Campbell University of Kentucky, [email protected] Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2021.200 Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Campbell, Darby Lane, "Almost Heaven: Religious Arguments in Appalachian Extractive Fiction" (2021). Theses and Dissertations--English. 130. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/english_etds/130 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the English at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--English by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies.
    [Show full text]
  • Find Book \\ the West Virginia Coal Wars: the History
    NVFQ0UYNKVZV » PDF » The West Virginia Coal Wars: The History of the 20th Century Conflict... Get Doc THE WEST VIRGINIA COAL WARS: THE HISTORY OF THE 20TH CENTURY CONFLICT BETWEEN COAL COMPANIES AND MINERS (PAPERBACK) Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, United States, 2016. Paperback. Condition: New. Language: English . Brand New Book ***** Print on Demand *****.*Includes pictures *Includes accounts of the coal wars from Mother Jones and other important participants *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading *Includes a table of contents I m not a humanitarian, I m a hell-raiser. - Mother Jones America is famous around the world for being the land of opportunity, and in many respects it has been... Read PDF The West Virginia Coal Wars: The History of the 20th Century Conflict Between Coal Companies and Miners (Paperback) Authored by Charles River Editors Released at 2016 Filesize: 3.9 MB Reviews A top quality publication as well as the typeface used was intriguing to learn. Yes, it is play, still an amazing and interesting literature. I discovered this publication from my i and dad suggested this book to learn. -- Prof. Louvenia Flatley This ebook is worth purchasing. It is writter in straightforward words and not hard to understand. You will not feel monotony at at any time of your respective time (that's what catalogs are for about in the event you ask me). -- Eileen Kling I TERMS | DMCA ZGLZ7AAARY8D » Book » The West Virginia Coal Wars: The History of the 20th Century Conflict... Related Books The Preschool Inclusion Toolbox: How to Build and Lead a High-Quality Program History of the Town of Sutton Massachusetts from 1704 to 1876 Pickles To Pittsburgh: Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 Unbored Adventure: 70 Seriously Fun Activities for Kids and Their Families 13 Things Rich People Won t Tell You: 325+ Tried-And-True Secrets to Building Your Fortune No Matter What Your Salary (Hardback).
    [Show full text]
  • Official Results 2
    State Social Studies Fair OFFICIAL RESULTS April 22, 2005 Division I Anthropology, Individual First Place Kaley Ratliff Mingo County Cherokee-People of the Trail of Tears Second Place Luke Hottle Roane County Pirate Treasure Third Place Sierra Malcolm Grant County The Amish Honorable Mention Sara Wells Wetzel County West Virginia Access Center for Higher Edcation (WVACHE) Honorable Mention Tanya Buckhannon Gilmer County Saint Patrick's Day Honorable Mention Sabrina Metz Nicholas County Sod Houses--How Did Pioneers Build Them? Honorable Mention Erica Shingleton Hampshire County Native American Artifacts Honorable Mention Mackenzie White Wood County Pioneer Food Anthropology, Pair First Place Brianna Jackson Preston County Jehovah's Witnesses Kiersten White Second Place Gail Hatfield Wood County Pompeii: The City that Died Molly Esbenshade Third Place Hallie Jarrell Boone County Amish: Could you Live the Simple Life? Kateland Wall Honorable Mention Ryan Hedrick Grant County Plains Indians Nate Mullens Honorable Mention Cole Davis Hampshire County Loch Ness Monster - Fact or Fiction David Chaney Honorable Mention Luke Dyer Cabell County Egypt Mummification Logan Moye Honorable Mention Jeremy Whipkey Wetzel County Mummies of Ancient Egypt Brock Stackpole Honorable Mention Kaitlyn Perkins Mercer County The Native Americans and How They Lived Erica Downard State Social Studies Fair OFFICIAL RESULTS April 22, 2005 Class, - First Place Summer Peyton Logan County Exploring the West with Lewis and Clark Logan Adkins Second Place Kathryn Johnston
    [Show full text]