New Ways of Thinking
wh07_te_ch07_s04_MOD_s.fm Page 260 Tuesday, March 6, 2007 12:17WH07MOD_se_CH07_s04_s.fm PM Page 260 Wednesday, January 31, 2007 5:51 PM Step-by-Step WITNESS HISTORY AUDIO SECTION Instruction 4 The Struggle of the Working Class Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels give their view on how Objectives the Industrial Revolution affected workers: As you teach this section, keep students Owing to the extensive use of machinery and to focused on the following objectives to help “ division of labor, the work of the proletarians them answer the Section Focus Question has lost all individual character, and, conse- and master core content. 4 quently, all charm for the workman. He 4 becomes [a limb] of the machine, and it is ■ Understand laissez-faire economics only the most simple, most monotonous, and the beliefs of those who supported Workers on and most easily acquired knack, that is it. break, London required of him. .” ■ Describe the doctrine of utilitarianism. —From The Communist Manifesto ■ Summarize the theories of socialism. Focus Question What new ideas about economics and society were fostered as a result ■ Explain Marx’s views of the working of the Industrial Revolution? class and the response to Marxism. New Ways of Thinking Objectives Everywhere in Britain, British economist Thomas Malthus saw Prepare to Read • Understand laissez-faire economics and the the effects of the population explosion—crowded slums, hungry fami- beliefs of those who supported it. lies, unemployment, and widespread misery. After careful study, in Build Background Knowledge L3 • Describe the doctrine of utilitarianism. 1798 he published An Essay on the Principle of Population.
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