Biota Neotropica 16(2): e20150080, 2016 www.scielo.br/bn inventory Taxonomy of Aspidosperma Mart. (Apocynaceae, Rauvolfioideae) in the State of Para´, Northern Brazil Andreza Stephanie de Souza Pereira1,3, Andre´ Olmos Simo˜es2 & Joa˜o Ubiratan Moreira dos Santos1 1Programa de Po´s-graduac¸a˜o em Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas – Botaˆnica Tropical, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazoˆnia/Museu Paraense Emı´lio Goeldi, Bele´m, PA, Brazil. 2Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 3Corresponding author: Andreza Stephanie de Souza Pereira, e-mail:
[email protected] PEREIRA, A.S.S., SIMo˜ ES, A.O., SANTOS, J.U.M. Taxonomy of Aspidosperma Mart. (Apocynaceae, Rauvolfioideae) in the State of Para´, Northern Brazil. Biota Neotropica. 16(2): e20150080. http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2015-0080 Abstract: Aspidosperma Mart. is one of the most important genera from Apocynaceae Juss. occurring in Brazil. It is present in many plant formations and has species with both medicinal and economic value. From a taxonomic point of view, many of its species are difficult to identify, especially those occurring in the Amazonian region. In order to complement the information already available with regard to the taxonomy and distribution of the genus, the goal of this work was to provide a taxonomic study of the Aspidosperma species occurring in the state of Para´, northern Brazil. This study was based on the analysis of vouchers from the BHCB, HBRA, IAC, IAN, INPA, MG, R, RB and UEC herbaria, as well as scanned images of vouchers from Brazilian and foreign herbaria, and specimens collected in the field.