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Transportation Observations, Considerations, and Recommendations for Deschutes National Forest

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Transportation Observations, Considerations, and Recommendations for Deschutes National Forest Transportation Observations, Considerations, and Recommendations for Deschutes National Forest Provided by the Interagency Transportation Assistance Group (TAG) Bend, OR June 29–July 1, 2009 A field investigation of the current transportation infrastructure and operations at Deschutes National Forest (DNF) by the interagency Transportation Assistance Group (TAG) was conducted June 28 – July 1, 2009, on behalf of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), in connection with the Transit in the Parks (TRIP) program. This TAG report was prepared subsequent to the site visit and documents the conditions observed, transportation issues and considerations, and recommendations arising from the TAG team’s analysis. The site visit and the preparation of this report were facilitated and funded by USFS. DNF is interested in accommodating increasing visitation through strategic investments in existing roads, trails, parking, and alternative transportation infrastructure in partnerships with other transportation and recreation providers in the region. The TAG was requested to help DNF conduct a preliminary study of primary corridors to assist DNF in focusing an alternative transportation feasibility study. The deadline for the 2009 TRIP call for projects occurred before the TAG team was able to visit, but TAG members provided assistance in analyzing the application based on findings and recommendations for similar projects. DNF submitted a proposal for $367,000 for a planning project to include a traffic study, visitor capacity analysis and natural resource condition survey of the transportation corridors and surrounding trail networks, development of a range of alternative transportation scenarios, and a marketing and economic analysis for the scenarios. The TAG visit was held to provide focus to future transportation studies conducted at DNF, whether funded by TRIP or other funding sources. The TAG team concluded that there are opportunities to use alternative transportation improvements to benefit visitors to DNF while supporting the local communities. Opportunities exist to improve the visitor experience, prevent resource degradation, and partner with surrounding businesses and communities to mitigate the negative impacts of transportation and visitation, and to improve the quality of life for all those who visit or live in the region. The team recommended further planning studies in several areas, as well as exploration of partnership opportunities with local governments and non-governmental organizations, as well as private businesses. 1 I. BACKGROUND Overview The Deschutes National Forest, located in central Oregon, encompasses approximately 1.6 million acres, including the headwaters of two major rivers, 157 lakes and reservoirs, over 1,300 miles of trails, Mount Bachelor, and the largest variety of volcanic formations in the lower 48 states. DNF is one of the most popular recreation forests in the Pacific Northwest, providing opportunities for fishing, camping, hiking, hunting, skiing, biking and other outdoor activities and attracting 2.78 million visits annually; as the National Scenic Byway Program describes: The Deschutes National Forest is a recreational haven, pure and simple: these 1.8 million acres include five wilderness areas (200,000 acres), six cool rivers, 157 lakes and reservoirs, approximately 1,400 miles of trails, and the unique landscape of Newberry National Volcanic Monument. The City of Bend sits near the center of the DNF, approximately 175 miles from Portland, 130 miles from Salem, 120 miles from Eugene, and 16 miles from Redmond. Figure 1 Map or Oregon's National Forests (source: University of Oregon Library website)1 1 http://libweb.uoregon.edu/map/map_resources/OR_NF_VF.html 2 Visitor characteristics Deschutes National Forest has strong local visitation in addition to being a regional visitor attraction, attracting over 3 million visitors annually.2 Winter recreation includes snow-tubing, cross-country skiing, downhill skiing, and snowmobiling. Summer recreation includes biking interests varying from off-road mountain biking, to riding only on paved off-road trails, to touring. In addition to serious bikers, the relatively flat geography, paved bike paths in the communities, and vacation environment encourages visitors who would never bike at home to ride in and near Bend. Fishing, boating, rafting, camping, hiking, riding horses, snowmobiling, and riding off-road vehicles are also popular summer recreation activities. Local population Over 75% of the visitors to the DNF are classified as day use. Unusually for a forest surrounded by a relatively small local population, over 50% of visits to DNF are made by residents of the local counties (Deschutes and Crook). Many people choose to live in Bend due to the access to the surrounding natural resources. It is believed that most Bend residents regularly visit DNF and state and local recreation areas; in general, there is a pronounced “outdoor culture,” with levels of outdoor activity far above the American average. Central Oregon is also seen as an attractive place to retire due to the available natural resources. In addition to the local users of DNF, visitors come from across Oregon and sometimes farther. While there are some opportunities to stay within the forest, many visitors stay within Bend or at nearby resorts. Most visitors who come arrive by car. Destinations/Attractions Highlights, or “gems” within DNF include the following: 1. Mount Bachelor Ski Area Mt. Bachelor ski area is located within DNF along Century Drive. The ski area is privately owned and operated under the terms and provisions of a Special Use Permit (SUP) issued by the DNF. There are seven express quad, three triple chairlifts, a wonder carpet and two tubing lifts to provide access to over 3,500 acres of terrain. Currently, there is limited winter alternative transportation (e.g. private ski buses that provide transportation under an employee/visitor bus system). Parking at Mt. Bachelor can reach full capacity when skiing conditions are favorable on weekends and holidays. When parking is at capacity, thousands of visitors are forced to turn around, wait for a free spot, or continually drive through parking lots. This can cause traffic delays and negatively impact the visitors’ experience. At full transportation (parking area) capacity there are approximately 14,000 visitors. While the parking areas and lodges are full, Mt. Bachelor believes that the mountain itself could support additional skiers. The ski area will be developing a new plan for use of the mountain in cooperation with USFS. 2 National Visitor Use Monitoring Program. “NVUM Round 1 Output Forest-Level Visitation and Confidence Intervals.” Oct. 16, 2006.. http://www.fs.fed.us/recreation/programs/nvum/revised_vis_est.pdf 3 2. High Desert Museum The High Desert Museum is located along Route 97, approximately 10 miles south of downtown Bend. The High Desert Museum includes a 50,000 square foot main building and a quarter mile trail that accesses exhibits that show how the ecosystem and people of the High Desert have changed throughout time. The High Desert Museum is visited by approximately 75,000 visitors annually. 3. Metolius Basin Designated as a Wild and Scenic River in 1988, the Metolius River is fed by many spring-fed streams that contribute to the high water quality that is characteristic of the watershed. From its headwaters north to Bridge 99, the Metolius River is designated for traditional recreational use and camping, fishing and hiking opportunities abound. As it continues north and then bends east around the north end of Green Ridge and into Lake Billy Chinook, the Metolius is designated as scenic and set aside to preserve the natural wilderness experience. 4. Newberry National Volcanic Monument Newberry National Volcanic National Monument includes 50,000+ acres of lakes, lava flows, and spectacular geologic features in central Oregon. The highest point within the Monument is the summit Paulina Peak (7,985 ft.), showcasing views of the Oregon Cascades and across the High Desert. The summit area of Newberry Volcano holds two alpine lakes. 5. Lava Lands Visitor Center Lava Butte rises 500 feet above the Lava Lands Visitor Center, which experiences approximately 70,000 annual visitors. Due to limited parking on the Lava Butte summit (10 spaces), 14 vehicles are allowed to drive to the summit during each half-hour interval. Tickets for the various time slots are available on a day-of, in-person basis only. The road is about two miles one way, with a grade of 8%. 6. Lava River Caves The scarcity and spaciousness of Central Oregon's Lava Lands create an area of striking beauty both above and below ground. Large areas are covered by lava flows. These rivers of rock are basalt, a molten lava that spreads quickly and sometimes flowed up to seventy miles. Great tunnels wind through many of these flows and suggest that awesome forces of nature were once at work. These ancient lava tunnels (called tubes) are one of the area's most interesting secrets. Lava River Cave is one example of these ancient lava tunnels. The cave is part of Newberry National Volcanic Monument, which managed by the U.S. Forest Service. 7. Sno-Parks The TAG team visited several Sno-Park facilities along DNF corridors. The Meissner Sno-Park is a major winter trailhead for nonmotorized and will be expanded from 120 parking spaces to 180; a volunteer group grooms the trails (and contributed $20,000 in funding to conduct the Environmental Assessment for the parking expansion). The Swampy Sno-Park is ungroomed and not as heavily used; the Wanoga Sno-Park is the primary snowmobile and mountain-biking access point and is also a major snow-play area. Four high schools have their Nordic ski programs at Meissner and could be interested in transit-service options, including, possibly, evening school groups. A new Sno-Park is planned for Kapka Butte. 4 There are concerns about conflicts at the Sno-Parks between different uses (e.g., motorized/nonmotorized, users with dogs, groomed/ungroomed trails), as well as a lack of visitor information about conditions at the Sno-Parks.
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