CALIFORNIA COMMISSION ON PEACE OFFICER STANDARDS AND TRAINING Basic Course Workbook Series Student Materials Learning Domain 28 Traffic Enforcement Version 6.2 THE MISSION OF THE CALIFORNIA COMMISSION ON PEACE OFFICER STANDARDS AND TRAINING IS TO CONTINUALLY ENHANCE THE PROFESSIONALISM OF CALIFORNIA LAW ENFORCEMENT IN SERVING ITS COMMUNITIES Basic Course Workbook Series Student Materials Learning Domain 28 Traffic Enforcement Version 6.2 © Copyright 2007 California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) All rights reserved. Published March 2001 Revised January 2003 Revised January 2006 Revised January 2007 Correction August 2009 Update January 2011 Correction November 2013 Update July 2014 Correction July 2016 This publication may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical or by any information storage and retrieval system now known or hereafter invented, without prior written permission of the California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training, with the following exception: California law enforcement or dispatch agencies in the POST program, POST-certified training presenters, and presenters and students of the California basic course instructional system are allowed to copy this publication for non-commercial use. All other individuals, private businesses and corporations, public and private agencies and colleges, professional associations, and non-POST law enforcement agencies in-state or out-of- state may purchase copies of this publication, at cost, from POST as listed below: From POST’s Web Site: www.post.ca.gov Go to Ordering Student Workbooks POST COMMISSIONERS Laren Leichliter – Chair Deputy San Bernardino County Sheriff Department Joyce Dudley – Vice Chair District Attorney Santa Barbara County Rick Braziel Educator Humboldt State University Lai Lai Bui Sergeant Sacramento Police Department Thomas Chaplin Chief Walnut Creek Police Department Richard DeLaRosa Mayor City of Colton Robert Doyle Sheriff Marin County Sandra Hutchens Sheriff Orange County Peter Kurylowicz Deputy Sheriff Riverside County Geoff Long Public Member Jim McDonnell Sheriff Los Angeles County Sheriff Department Jethroe Moore, II Public Member Batine Ramirez Sergeant Placer County Sheriff’s Department Laurie Smith Sheriff Santa Clara County Larry Wallace Director of Division of Law Representing Kamala Harris Enforcement Attorney General Ex-Officio Member THE ACADEMY TRAINING MISSION The primary mission of basic training is to prepare students mentally, morally, and physically to advance into a field training program, assume the responsibilities, and execute the duties of a peace officer in society. FOREWORD The California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training sincerely appreciates the efforts of the many curriculum consultants, academy instructors, directors and coordinators who contributed to the development of this workbook. We must also thank the California law enforcement agency executives who allowed their personnel to participate in the development of these training materials. This student workbook is part of the POST Basic Course Training System. The workbook component of this system provides a self-study document for every learning domain in the Basic Course. Each workbook is intended to be a supplement to, not a substitute for, classroom instruction. The objective of the system is to improve academy student learning and information retention and ultimately contribute to you becoming a peace officer committed to safety, and to the communities you will serve. The content of each workbook is organized into sequenced learning modules to meet requirements as prescribed both by California law and the POST Training and Testing Specifications for the Basic Course. It is our hope that the collective wisdom and experience of all who contributed to this workbook will help you, the student, to successfully complete the Basic Course and to enjoy a safe and rewarding career as a peace officer. STEPHANIE C. SCOFIELD Interim Executive Director LD 28: Traffic Enforcement Table of Contents Topic See Page Preface v Introduction v How to Use the Student Workbook vi Chapter 1: Basic Traffic Concepts 1-1 Overview 1-1 Relevance of Vehicle Code 1-3 Vehicle Code Structure 1-4 Vehicle Code Definitions 1-9 Chapter Synopsis 1-13 Workbook Learning Activities 1-14 Problem Solving 1-15 Chapter 2: Lawful Orders and Authorities 2-1 Overview 2-1 Arrest Authority 2-3 Lawful Orders 2-6 Chapter Synopsis 2-16 Workbook Learning Activities 2-17 Problem Solving 2-19 Continued on next page LD 28: Traffic Enforcement i Table of Contents, Continued Topic See Page Chapter 3: Common Vehicle Code Violations 3-1 Overview 3-1 Traffic Control Devices and Signals 3-4 Right-of-Way 3-11 Bicycles 3-19 Pedestrian Right-of-Way 3-26 Turns 3-30 Speed 3-35 Driving and Passing 3-39 Public Offenses 3-43 Hit and Run 3-48 Driver Licensing 3-51 Vehicle Registration 3-59 Vehicle Equipment 3-63 Chapter Synopsis 3-80 Workbook Learning Activities 3-83 Chapter 4: Vehicle Removal 4-1 Overview 4-1 Vehicle Removal 4-2 Chapter Synopsis 4-9 Workbook Learning Activities 4-10 Problem Solving 4-11 Continued on next page ii LD 28: Traffic Enforcement Table of Contents, Continued Topic See Page Chapter 5: Driving Under The Influence 5-1 Overview 5-1 Peace Officer Responsibilities 5-4 Possession 5-5 Driving Under the Influence 5-11 DUI Detection 5-15 Field Sobriety Tests 5-22 Chemical Sobriety Tests 5-31 Chapter Synopsis 5-43 Workbook Learning Activities 5-45 Problem Solving 5-49 Problem Solving Activities 5-51 Glossary G-1 Continued on next page LD 28: Traffic Enforcement iii Table of Contents, Continued This page was intentionally been left blank. iv LD 28: Traffic Enforcement How to Use the Student Workbook Introduction This workbook provides an introduction to the training requirements for this Learning Domain. It is intended to be used in several ways: for initial learning prior to classroom attendance, for test preparation, and for remedial training. Workbook To use the workbook most effectively, follow the steps listed below. format Step Action 1 Read the first two sections: Preface and How to Use the Workbook, which provide an overview of how the workbook fits into the POST Instructional System and how it should be used. 2 Refer to the overview section at the start of each chapter to review the learning objectives. 3 Read the text. 4 Refer to the Chapter Synopsis section at the end of each chapter to review the key points that support the chapter objectives. 5 Complete the Workbook Learning Activities at the end of each chapter. These activities reinforce the material taught in the chapter. 6 Refer to the Glossary section for a definition of important terms. The terms appear throughout the text and are bolded and underlined the first time they appear (e.g., term). LD 28: Traffic Enforcement v Preface Introduction Student The student workbooks are part of the POST Basic Course Instructional workbooks System. This system is designed to provide students with a self-study document to be used in preparation for classroom training. Regular Basic Completion of the Regular Basic Course is required, prior to exercising peace Course officer powers, as recognized in the California Penal Code and where the training POST-required standard is the POST Regular Basic Course. requirement Student The following elements are included in each workbook: workbook elements chapter contents, including a synopsis of key points supplementary material a glossary of terms used in this workbook vi LD 28: Traffic Enforcement Chapter 1 Basic Traffic Concepts Overview Learning need Peace officers must know the principles of traffic law set forth in the California Vehicle Code to carry out their responsibilities in traffic enforcement. Learning The chart below identifies the student learning objectives for this chapter. objectives After completing study of this chapter, the student will be Objective able to: ID Explain the relevance of traffic enforcement to: - Public safety and quality of life within a community 28.01.13 - Legally establish probable cause for accomplishing 28.01.14 general law enforcement objectives Explain the organization of information within the 28.01.15 Vehicle Code Continued on next page LD 28 - Chapter 1: Basic Traffic Concepts 1-1 Overview, Continued In this chapter This chapter focuses on the basic concepts of traffic law. Refer to the chart below for specific topics. Topic See Page Relevance of Vehicle Code 1-3 Vehicle Code Structure 1-4 Vehicle Code Definitions 1-9 Chapter Synopsis 1-13 Workbook Learning Activities 1-14 Problem Solving 1-15 1-2 LD 28 - Chapter 1: Basic Traffic Concepts Relevance of Vehicle Code Introduction Traffic in California is more complex and voluminous than any other state and most nations. This presents a challenging environment for peace officers who are responsible for enforcing the traffic laws. Effective Effective enforcement of traffic laws results in: enforcement an opportunity to build positive contacts with the public the reduction of collision rates, saving lives, and reducing economic loss a reduction of crime rates in general encouraging voluntary compliance with the law providing peace officers with probable cause to conduct enforcement stops which may lead to the discovery of additional traffic or criminal offenses - The California Vehicle Code is an indispensable tool in proactive law enforcement. In addition, knowing the vehicle code gives the peace officer the ability