The Walls We Build
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MAATSKAPPY, STATE, and EMPIRE: a PRO-BOER REVISION Joseph R
MAATSKAPPY, STATE, AND EMPIRE: A PRO-BOER REVISION Joseph R. Stromberg* As we approach the centennial of the Second Anglo–Boer War (Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, or “Second War for Freedom”), reassessment of the South African experience seems in order. Whether the recent surrender by Afrikaner political leaders of their “central theme” and the dismantling of their grandiose Apartheid state will lead to heaven on earth (as some of the Soweto “comrades” expected), or even to a merely tolerable multiracial polity, remains in doubt. Historians have tended to look for the origins of South Africa’s “very strange society” in the interaction of various peoples and political forces on a rapidly changing frontier, especially in the 19th century. APPROACHES TO SOUTH AFRICAN FRONTIER HISTORY At least two major schools of interpretation developed around these issues. The first, Cape Liberals, viewed the frontier Boers largely as rustic ruffians who abused the natives and disrupted or- derly economic progress only to be restrained, at last, by humani- tarian and legalistic British paternalists. Afrikaner excesses, therefore, were the proximate cause and justification of the Boer War and the consolidation of British power over a united South Africa. The “imperial factor” on this view was liberal and pro- gressive in intent if not in outcome. The opposing school were essentially Afrikaner nationalists who viewed the Boers as a uniquely religious people thrust into a dangerous environment where they necessarily resorted to force to overcome hostile African tribes and periodic British harassment. The two traditions largely agreed on the centrality of the frontier, but differed radically on the villains and heroes.1 Beginning in the 1960s and ’70s, a third position was heard, that of younger “South Africanists” driven to distraction (and some *Joseph R. -
Redalyc.Bona Spes
Ilha do Desterro: A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies E-ISSN: 2175-8026 [email protected] Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brasil Gatti, José Bona Spes Ilha do Desterro: A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies, núm. 61, julio-diciembre, 2011, pp. 11-27 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=478348699001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative http//dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2011n61p011 BONA Spes José Gatti Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná The main campus of the University of Cape Town is definitely striking, possibly one of the most beautiful in the world. It rests on the foot of the massive Devil’s Peak; not far from there lies the imposing Cape of Good Hope, a crossroads of two oceans. Accordingly, the university’s Latin motto is Bona Spes. With its neo- classic architecture, the university has the atmosphere of an enclave of British academic tradition in Africa. The first courses opened in 1874; since then, the UCT has produced five Nobel prizes and it forms, along with other well-established South African universities, one of the most productive research centers in the continent. I was sent there in 2009, in order to research on the history of South African audiovisual media, sponsored by Fapesp (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo). -
From Mission School to Bantu Education: a History of Adams College
FROM MISSION SCHOOL TO BANTU EDUCATION: A HISTORY OF ADAMS COLLEGE BY SUSAN MICHELLE DU RAND Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in the Department of History, University of Natal, Durban, 1990. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Page i ABSTRACT Page ii ABBREVIATIONS Page iii INTRODUCTION Page 1 PART I Page 12 "ARISE AND SHINE" The Founders of Adams College The Goals, Beliefs and Strategies of the Missionaries Official Educational Policy Adams College in the 19th Century PART II Pase 49 o^ EDUCATION FOR ASSIMILATION Teaching and Curriculum The Student Body PART III Page 118 TENSIONS. TRANSmON AND CLOSURE The Failure of Mission Education Restructuring African Education The Closure of Adams College CONCLUSION Page 165 APPENDICES Page 170 BIBLIOGRAPHY Page 187 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Paul Maylam for his guidance, advice and dedicated supervision. I would also like to thank Michael Spencer, my co-supervisor, who assisted me with the development of certain ideas and in supplying constructive encouragement. I am also grateful to Iain Edwards and Robert Morrell for their comments and critical reading of this thesis. Special thanks must be given to Chantelle Wyley for her hard work and assistance with my Bibliography. Appreciation is also due to the staff of the University of Natal Library, the Killie Campbell Africana Library, the Natal Archives Depot, the William Cullen Library at the University of the Witwatersrand, the Central Archives Depot in Pretoria, the Borthwick Institute at the University of York and the School of Oriental and African Studies Library at the University of London. -
Statements from the Dock Mary
Author : Mary Benson The Sun will Rise: Statements from the Dock by Southern African Political Prisoners Contents James April Introduction Mosioua Robert Lekota Sobukwe Maitshe Nelson Mokoape Mandela Raymond Walter Sisulu Suttner Elias Mosima Motsoaledi Sexwale Andrew Naledi Tsiki Mlangeni Martin Wilton Mkwayi Ramokgadi Bram Fischer Isaac Seko Toivo ja Toivo Stanley Eliaser Nkosi Tuhadeleni Petrus Mothlanthe 1 Introduction This collection of statements made during political trials since 1960 testifies to the high courage, determination and humanity which distinguish the struggle for liberation and for a just society in South Africa and Namibia. The earliest of the statements in the collection is by Robert Sobukwe, late leader of the Pan-Africanist Congress. It expresses a theme running through all the statements: "The history of the human race has been a struggle for the removal of oppression, and we would have failed had we not made our contribution. We are glad we made it". Nelson Mandela`s powerful statement in Pretoria`s Palace of Justice on 20 April 1964, when he and other members of the African National Congress and the Congress Alliance were in the dock in the Rivonia Trial, has become an historic document. Two years later Bram Fischer QC, the advocate who had led the Rivonia defence, was himself on trial in the same court. A large part of the statements made by these two men is reproduced here, along with less well known statements by others on trial during the 1960s. This was the period immediately after the ANC and the PAC were outlawed. The liberation movement`s long-maintained policy of non-violence was finally abandoned for sabotage and armed struggle. -
General Assembly Distr
UNITED NATIONS A General Assembly Distr. LIMITED A/43/L.30 23 November 1988 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH - Forty-third session Agenda item 36 POLICIES OF APARTHEID OF THE GOVERNMENT OF SOUTH AFRICA Algeria, Angola, Benin. Botswana. Burkina Faso. Burundi. Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Congo. Cuba. Ethiopia. Gabon, German Democratic Republic, Ghana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Liberia, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Mozambigue. Nepal, Niger. Nigeria, Sudan, Syrian Arab RepUblic, Tunisia. Uganda. Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Republic of Tanzania, Zamb;a and Zimbabwe: draft resolution International solidarity with the liberation struggle in South Africa The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 42/23 of 20 November 1987, Having considered the report of the Special Committee against APartheid, particularly paragraphs 183 to 194, ~I Gravely concerned at the escalating repression of and State terror against opponents of a~artheid and the increasing intransigence of the racist regime of South Africa, exemplified by the continuous extension of the state of emergency, the imposition of severe restrictions on peaceful anti-apartheid organizations and individuals, the increasing numbers of arbitrary detentions, trials, torture and killings, including those of women and children, the increased use of vigilante groups and the stifling of the press, ~I Official Records of the General Assembly. Forty-third Session. Supplement No. 2: (A/43/22). 88-30978 0698Z (E) I. .• Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library A/43/L.30 English Page 2 Noting with serious concern the racist regime's continuing acts of aggression and destabi1ization against neighbouring independent African States, including assassinations and abductions of freedom fighters in those States, and elsewhere, and the continuing illegal occupation of Namibia, 1. -
Alan Lomax: Selected Writings 1934-1997
ALAN LOMAX ALAN LOMAX SELECTED WRITINGS 1934–1997 Edited by Ronald D.Cohen With Introductory Essays by Gage Averill, Matthew Barton, Ronald D.Cohen, Ed Kahn, and Andrew L.Kaye ROUTLEDGE NEW YORK • LONDON Published in 2003 by Routledge 29 West 35th Street New York, NY 10001 www.routledge-ny.com Published in Great Britain by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE www.routledge.co.uk Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group. This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” All writings and photographs by Alan Lomax are copyright © 2003 by Alan Lomax estate. The material on “Sources and Permissions” on pp. 350–51 constitutes a continuation of this copyright page. All of the writings by Alan Lomax in this book are reprinted as they originally appeared, without emendation, except for small changes to regularize spelling. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lomax, Alan, 1915–2002 [Selections] Alan Lomax : selected writings, 1934–1997 /edited by Ronald D.Cohen; with introductory essays by Gage Averill, Matthew Barton, Ronald D.Cohen, Ed Kahn, and Andrew Kaye. -
Pete Seeger and Intellectual Property Law
Teaching The Hudson River Valley Review Teaching About “Teaspoon Brigade: Pete Seeger, Folk Music, and International Property Law” –Steve Garabedian Lesson Plan Introduction: Students will use the Hudson River Valley Review (HRVR) Article: “Teaspoon Brigade: Pete Seeger, Folk Music, and International Property Law” as a model for an exemplary research paper (PDF of the full article is included in this PDF). Lesson activities will scaffold student’s understanding of the article’s theme as well as the article’s construction. This lesson concludes with an individual research paper constructed by the students using the information and resources understood in this lesson sequence. Each activity below can be adapted according to the student’s needs and abilities. Suggested Grade Level: 11th grade US History: Regents level and AP level, 12th grade Participation in Government: Regents level and AP level. Objective: Students will be able to: Read and comprehend the provided text. Analyze primary documents, literary style. Explain and describe the theme of the article: “Teaspoon Brigade: Pete Seeger, Folk Music, and International Property Law” in a comprehensive summary. After completing these activities students will be able to recognize effective writing styles. Standards Addressed: Students will: Use important ideas, social and cultural values, beliefs, and traditions from New York State and United States history illustrate the connections and interactions of people and events across time and from a variety of perspectives. Develop and test hypotheses about important events, eras, or issues in United States history, setting clear and valid criteria for judging the importance and significance of these events, eras, or issues. -
Looking in New Ways at Frontiers for Literary Journalism
194 Literary Journalism Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, December 2019 Looking in New Ways at Frontiers for Literary Journalism At the Faultline: Writing White in South African Literary Journalism by Claire Scott. Pietermaritzburg: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, 2018. Paperback, 208 pp., USD$27. Reviewed by Lesley Cowling, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa he study of nonfiction writing in its variety of Tforms has not had an established disciplinary home in South Africa and, indeed, the very definition of what is being studied, where, is still open to discussion. As other writers in this journal have noted repeatedly over the last decade, English literature departments in many countries have studied fiction, poetry, and theater, with nonfiction rarely given the nod. This has been true of South African universities too, where, as Leon de Kock wrote in South Africa in the Global Imaginary in 2004, literature departments until the late 1970s had been “smugly Anglophile and dismissive of the ‘local’ ” (6). Journalism programs, a potential disciplinary home for literary journalism, have tended to focus on preparing students for work in the media sector. With South Africa having so few platforms for literary and longform journalism, little attention has been given to these forms beyond feature writing and magazine courses. Nonfiction writing must necessarily find its way into the academy through other disciplines. It has done so through African literature, history, library sciences, and the more recently emerging creative writing programs. It is also being ushered into local scholarship via the particular research interests of individual scholars. Thus, although South Africa historically has had a rich set of writers of literary nonfiction, some of whom have been internationally recognized, their study is fragmented over academic disciplines. -
From Mbube to Wimoweh: African Folk Music in Dual Systems of Law
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Fordham University School of Law Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal Volume 20 Volume XX Number 1 Volume XX Book 1 Article 5 2009 From Mbube to Wimoweh: African Folk Music in Dual Systems of Law Deborah Wassel Fordham University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation Deborah Wassel, From Mbube to Wimoweh: African Folk Music in Dual Systems of Law, 20 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media & Ent. L.J. 289 (2009). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj/vol20/iss1/5 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal by an authorized editor of FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. From Mbube to Wimoweh: African Folk Music in Dual Systems of Law Cover Page Footnote I would like to thank the incredible editors and staff of the IPLJ for their hard work, as well as Professor Tracy Higgins, without whose expertise this Note would not be possible. A special thanks to my parents and sister, whose endless love and support gave me the strength and drive to finish. Finally, I am grateful to Dan for everything—I couldn’t have done any of this without you. -
The Influence of Early Apartheid Intellectualisation on Twentieth-Century Afrikaans Music Historiography
The Influence of Early Apartheid Intellectualisation on Twentieth-Century Afrikaans Music Historiography by Carina Venter Submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree Masters in Musicology at the Stellenbosch University Department of Music Faculty of Humanities Supervisor: Stephanus Jacobus van Zyl Muller December 2009 The financial assistance of the Department of Labour (DoL) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the DoL. Declaration By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the owner of the copyright thereof (unless to the extent explicitly otherwise stated) and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. December 2009 Copyright © 2009 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved 2 Acknowledgements I have come to the end of one road and the beginning of another. As I pause at the juncture of these two roads, I reflect with an immense sense of gratitude on the past two years of my life. So many individuals have played decisive roles, not only in the research that constitutes this thesis, but also in the fostering of my intellectual development, ethical sensibilities and spiritual well-being. In many different ways, each of these individuals and their views matter and have become important to me. While I am sure that the work presented here is imperfect in many ways, the generous contributions of those who accompanied me on this road have made it better than it would have been without them. -
Harrison Higgins December 2017 1 the Bethal Treason Trials the Pan
Harrison Higgins December 2017 The Bethal Treason Trials The Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) was one of the largest organizations that fought apartheid vigorously. The policies set forth by the apartheid state protected white supremacy in both politics and socioeconomics. The PAC consistently had members exiled, detained, or even executed under the conditions of the state’s policies. In the Bethal Treason Trials of December 1977, Zephaniah Mothopeng, the President of the PAC, and seventeen other PAC members were detained under the conditions of the Terrorism Act of 1967. Mothopeng would go on to survive the Bethal Treason Trials, unlike the four Pan Africanist Congress members, Naboath Ntshuntsha, Samuel Malinga, Aaron Khoza, and Sipho Bonaventura Malaza, who were killed during detention and trial in 1977. Robert Sobukwe, the leader of the PAC leading into the Bethal Treason trials, died after falling ill in 1977 shortly after the trials commenced. The government sought to keep the trials out of Johannesburg and detained the PAC men in Bethal, a desolate, rural area of South Africa. The Bethal Trials were initiated by a series of arrests a year after the Soweto Uprisings of 1976. Apartheid officials arrested and detained Africanist freedom fighters under the policies of the Terrorism Act of 1967, in which unannounced arrests and searches by the regime were allowed if public safety was deemed to be at stake. These officials believed that the Soweto uprisings were not spontaneous nor the machinations of school youth and that pre-emptive plans had been discussed by members of the PAC, among them Zephaniah Mothopeng. -
Lunn Helen 2010.Pdf (1.741Mb)
‘Hippies, radicals and the Sounds of Silence’ Cultural Dialectics at two South African Universities 1966-1976 Helen Lunn Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the School of Music University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Howard Campus Supervisors: Professor C. Ballantine, Professor C.Burns and Professor J. Hyslop September 2010 DECLARATION Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy , in the Graduate Programme in Department of Music , University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. I declare that this dissertation is my own unaided work. All citations, references and borrowed ideas have been duly acknowledged. I confirm that an external editor was used and that my Supervisor was informed of the identity and details of my editor. It is being submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosoph in the Faculty of Humanities, Development and Social Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. None of the present work has been submitted previously for any degree or examination in any other University. Helen Lunn _____________________________ Student name 20 September 2010 ______________________________________ Date E. Muller & S.Ellis ______________________________________ Editor Acknowledgement I wish to acknowledge and thank the NRF for the financial support which made this research possible. Abstract This study explores the impact of the counter culture on students at two Anglophone universities in the 1960s and 70s. It focuses on the social and historical differences that predisposed English speaking youth to metropolitan based cultures. It explores this in the context of a lack of identity with the dominant culture of apartheid.