Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 魚 類 学 雑 誌 Vol.35. No.2 1988 3 5 巻 2 号 1988 年

A New Cyprinid Fish, Garra manipurensis, from Manipur, India

Waikhom Vishwanath and Chungkham Sarojnalini (Received September 26. 1986)

Abstract A new cyprinid fish Garra manipurensis is described from the Manipur River of Manipur State, India. The species differs from G. anuandalei Hora of Darjeeling Himalayas in the in- terorbital distance, number of rows of scales and position of vent. The fish is also different from G. li.ssorhynchus (McClelland) of the Brahmapulra Drainage and the Assam Himalayas in the coloration of dorsal and caudal fins and scales on the belly.

Hora (1921) described two new species of Garra studies of the biology of fishes, the authors came

Hamilton, viz., G. abhoyai and G. naganensis from across three specimens of Garra which do not

Manipur State, India. Menon (1945), while re- come under any of the so far known species of the porting on the fishes known from the State, listed genus. The description of the fish is given in this six Garra species including, G. abhoyai Hora, G. paper. got yla (Gray), G. lissorhyuchus (McClelland) and G. rupeculu.s. (McClelland). Later, Menon (1964) Garra manipurensis sp. nov. considered G. abhoyai as a synonym of G. rupecula. (Manipuri name: Nagamu sangum/Nung-nga) Thus, only five species of the genus were hitherto known from Manipur. (Fig. 1)

While collecting endemic fishes from the con- Holotvpe. MU/LSD/F-130, male, 63.2mm SL, fluence of the Chakpi and Manipur Rivers for Manipur River, Sherou (24•‹18'N, 93•‹54'E), Manipur,

a

b

c

Fig. 1. Holotype (MU/LSD/F-130) of Garra inanipurensis sp. nov., male, 63.2mm SL. a, side view; b, ventral view; c, dorsal view of head showing the plain snout.

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India. Description. D. II, 7; P.I, 12; V.I, 8; A. II, 4; Paratypes. MU/LSD/F-131, female, 65.0mm SL C. 10+9; L.1. 34; L. tr. 4.5/3.5. Body rounded, (submitted to the Museum of the Zoological Survey of flat from mouth to region between ventral fins, India, Madras), MU/LSD/F-131A, female, 64.8 mm deepest just in front of dorsal fin origin. Snout SL, same locality and date. semicircular, without transverse groove and pro- Diagnosis. A Garra with no transverse groove boscis. Large number of tubercles present on and proboscis on snout, no scales on chest, no snout and cheeks, also extends to the scales of dark bands on the dorsal and caudal fins and anterior region. Interorbital region slightly distance between vent and anal fin origins one convex. Barbels two pairs, one rostral and one fourth of the distance between ventral and anal maxillary, both shorter than the diameter of eyes. fin origins. Oral disc well developed, posterior border broad.

Table 1. Comparision of morphological characters of Garra manipurensis sp. nov., G. annandalei and G. lissorhynchus.

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Scales absent on chest. Fins fleshy. Narrow Brahmaputra System and the Assam Himalayas. longitudinal fleshy thickenings on the outer half These complexes have an affinity towards each of the first five rays of pectoral and six rays of other and it is believed that both may have evolved ventral fins. Caudal fin slightly emarginate. from a common stock (Menon, 1964). The pres- Proportional measurements of holotype and ent species is distinct from both the species in its paratypes (MU/LSD/F-131, 131A) in percentage: geographical distribution. It might have evolved depth of body 20.3 (20.0, 21.2), length of head from the same stock to the present form in an 24.6 (20.6, 20.4), predorsal length 50.8 (48.5, 49.2) isolated habitat. The species seems to be closely of standard length. Width of head 84.0 (84.0, related to the lissorhynchus-complex morphologi- 82.6), height of head 62.0 (70.9, 63.0), length of cally. snout 46.7 (59.5, 46.1); diameter of eyes 21.3 (22.4, Etymology. The fish has been named after the 21.2), interorbital distance 54.7 (59.7, 54.7), length Manipur River in which it is known to occur. of pectoral 98.6 (100.0, 99.2), length of ventral fin 90.7 (90.2, 90.6), length of anal fin 60.0 (59.6, Acknowledgment 60.2), height of dorsal fin 80.0 (80.0, 80.0), length of disc 34.7 (37.3, 33.6), length of caudal peduncle The authors wish to thank Dr. A.G.K. Menon 70.7 (75.5, 68.8) of the length of head. Width of the Zoological Survey of India, Madras (In- of disc 59.5 (61.9, 59.5) of width of head. Length dia), for critically examining one of the paratypes of disc 63.3 (54.1, 65.2) of width of disc. Width of and giving valuable suggestions and for going caudal peduncle 64.9 (66.9, 66.6) of length of caudal through the manuscript. pedncle. Distance between ventral and anal origins 55.6 (57.4, 56.6) of distance between ventral Literature cited and caudal origins. Distance of vent to anal origins 24.0 (26.4, 25.0) of the distance between Hora, S.L. 1921. Indian cyprinoid fishes belonging ventral and anal origins. to the genus Garra with notes on related species Colour in formalin: dark grey dorsally, yellowish from other countries. Rec. Ind. Mus., 22: 633-687. white ventrally. Fins pale white. Menon, A.G.K. 1954. Further observations on the fish fauna of Manipur State. Rec. Ind. Mus., Remarks. Garra manipurensis is similar to G. 25(1): 21-26. annandalei Hora and G. lissorhynchus (McClelland) Menon, A.G.K. 1964. Monograph of the cyprinid in having a snout without transverse groove and fishes of the genus Garra Hamilton. Mem. Ind. proboscis and in certain body proportions like Mus., 14(4): 173-260. depth of body and length of head in standard length. But the species under description can (Department of Life Sciences, Manipur University, be distinguished from G. annandalei in its broader Canchipur-795 003, Imphal, Manipur State, India) interorbital region, one more row of scales (4.5

versus 3.5) between dorsal fin origin and lateral イ ン ド産 コ イ 科 の1新 種Carra manipurensis line and backward position of vent and absence Waikhom Vishwanath•EChungkham Sarojnalini of scales on chest. The species is also different イ ン ド の マ ニ プ ル 川 か ら 得 ら れ た コ イ 科 の1新 種 from G. lissorhynchus in having plain dorsal and Garra manipurensis を 記 載 し た.本 種 は ダ ー ジ リ ン ・ caudal fins and presence of scales on the belly ヒ マ ラ ヤ 産 の 同 属 の G. annandalei Hora (Table 1). 隔 が 広 い こ と,側 線 上 方 鱗 数 が 多 い こ と,肛 門 の 位 置 が Garra annandalei, belonging to the lamta-com- 後 で あ る こ と な ど の 点 で 異 な る.ま た,ブ ラ マ プ トラ 川 plex is basically a Himalayan form. It is dis- 流 域 や ア ッ サ ム ・ ヒ マ ラ ヤ に 産 す る G. lissorhynchus tributed in the Darjeeling Himalayas and the (McClelland) と は 背 鰭 お よ び 尾 鰭 に 斑 紋 を 欠 く こ と, Kosi belt only. G. lissorhynchus, on the other 腹 部 に 鱗 が あ る こ と な ど の 点 で 異 な る. hand, belongs to the lissorhynchus-complex of the

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