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Micro- Thesauri Lations A Tool for MICRO- Documenting Human Rights THESAURI Violations Judith Dueck Manuel Guzman Bert Verstappen 2001 Published and distributed by HURIDOCS Advice and Support Unit/Secretariat 48 chemin du Grand-Montfleury CH-1290 Versoix Switzerland Tel. 41.22.755 5252, fax 41.22.755 5260 Electronic mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.huridocs.org Copyright 2001 by HURIDOCS. All rights reserved. Limited copying permission: Human rights organisations and documentation centres are granted permission to photocopy portions of this document in order to facilitate documentation and training, provided acknowledgement of the source is given. For translations of this document in Arabic, French, Spanish and other languages contact the publisher. HURIDOCS Cataloguing in Publications Data TITLE: Micro-thesauri: a tool for documenting human rights violations PERSONAL AUTHOR: Dueck, Judith; Guzman, Manuel; Verstappen, Bert CORPORATE AUTHOR: HURIDOCS PLACE OF PUBLICATION: Versoix [Switzerland] PUBLISHER: HURIDOCS DISTRIBUTOR: HURIDOCS ADDRESS: 48 chemin du Grand-Montfleury, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland ELECTRONIC MAIL: [email protected] DATE OF PUBLICATION: 20010300 PAGES: vi, 190 p. ISBN: 92-95015-01-0 LANGUAGE: ENG BIBLIOGRAPHIES: Y INDEX: INFORMATION HANDLING FREE TEXT: A collection of documents developed by HURIDOCS or adapted from various sources. The Micro-thesauri are intended for use in conjunction with HURIDOCS Standard Formats manuals, and in particular with the HURIDOCS events standard formats : a tool for documenting human rights violations . TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v INTRODUCTION 1 1. HURIDOCS INDEX TERMS 8 2. VIOLATIONS TYPOLOGY 16 3. RIGHTS TYPOLOGY 21 4. TYPES OF ACTS 27 5. METHODS OF VIOLENCE 46 6. INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS 50 7. COUNTING UNITS 65 8. CIVIL STATUS 66 9. EDUCATION 67 10. OCCUPATIONS (ILO CATEGORIES) 68 11. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTORS 76 12. RELIGIONS 85 13. ETHNIC GROUPS 87 14. LANGUAGES 103 15. GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS 113 16. TYPES OF SOURCE MATERIAL 131 17. TYPES OF LOCATIONS 132 18. DEGREES OF INVOLVEMENT 137 19. SOURCE CONNECTION TO INFORMATION 138 20. TYPES OF INTERVENTION 139 21. TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS 140 22. TYPES OF CHAIN OF EVENTS 142 23. RELEVANT CHARACTERISTICS 143 24. TYPES OF PERPETRATORS 146 25. STATUS AS VICTIM 148 26. STATUS AS PERPETRATOR 150 27. TYPES OF RESPONSES 151 28. ATTRIBUTION 152 29. TYPES OF DETENTION 153 30. WHEREABOUTS AND OUTSIDE CONTACT DURING DETENTION 154 31. LEGAL COUNSEL 155 32. TYPES OF COURTS 156 33. TYPES OF LANGUAGE USED IN COURT 157 34. AUTOPSY RESULTS 158 35. DEATH CERTIFICATE 159 36. STATEMENTS SIGNED 160 37. MEDICAL ATTENTION 161 38. INTENT 162 39. SEX 163 40. TYPES OF ADDRESSES 164 41. VIOLATIONS STATUS 165 42. RELIABILITY 166 43. MONITORING STATUS 167 44. IMPACT ON THE SITUATION 168 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 45. INTERVENTION STATUS 169 46. PRIORITY 170 47. COMPENSATION 171 48. TYPES OF DATES 172 LOCAL MICRO-THESAURI 172 61. LOCAL INDEX 173 62. NATIONAL LEGISLATION 174 63; LOCAL GEOGRAPHICAL AREA 175 64. LOCAL TERMS FOR OCCUPATIONS 176 65. ORIGINS 177 66. LOCAL LANGUAGES 178 67. SEXUAL ORIENTATION 179 68. OTHER THESAURUS 180 69. JUDICIAL DISTRICTS 181 BIBLIOGRAPHY 182 INDEX 185 A. List by Micro-thesaurus Number 185 B. List by Format and Field Number 18 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks to the EVSYS Design Team which has enormously contributed to the revision of the Events Standard Formats and the Micro-thesauri used in conjunction with them. The Evsys Design Team consists of: • Ricardo Cifuentes • Judith Dueck • Manuel Guzman • Romilly Gregory • Bjørn Stormorken Special thanks to Aida Maria Noval, who with Judith Dueck compiled the HURIDOCS Supporting Documents, on which this work is based to a large extent. Aida Maria Noval continued to provide help to this work with comments and suggestions. Others who contributed to this work are: Stephen Hansen whose work on a thesaurus on economic, social and cultural rights provided inputs to some lists in this work Kathleen Maltzahn and Catherine Clarin-De Jesus who reviewed the Events Standard Formats and Supporting Documents in the process of adapting them for documentation of violence against women, and thus contributed in enriching some lists in this work The following individuals who had served and/or are currently serving as members of the HURIDOCS Continuation Committee provided direction and support: Kofi Kumado, Chairperson (Faculty of Law, University of Ghana, Ghana) Kumar Rupesinghe, past Chairperson (Sri Lanka / Norway) Agnethe Olesen, Treasurer (Danish Centre for Human Rights, Denmark) James Lawson, past Treasurer (Human Rights Information Centre, Council of Europe, France) Michael Protz-Schwarz, past Treasurer (Evangelical Youth Service, Germany) Bjørn Stormorken, past Treasurer (Norway) Hans Thoolen, past Treasurer (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Switzerland) Supang Chantavanich (Asian Research Centre on Migration, Thailand) Judith Dueck (Canada) Manuel Guzman (Task Force Detainees of the Philippines, Philippines) Aurora Javate De Dios (Coalition Against Trafficking in Women - Asia-Pacific, Philippines) Jonathan Kuttab (Mandela Institute, Palestine) Aída María Noval (Red de Organismos Civiles de Derechos Humanos, Mexico) Special thanks to the HURIDOCS Secretariat for various types of work that made this publication possible. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document is published with the help of grants from the general programme donors of HURIDOCS: • Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs • Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs • French Prime Minister's Office • Human Rights Desk, Diakonisches Werk of the Evangelical Church in Germany • Joyce Mertz-Gilmore Foundation • Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation • Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency vi INTRODUCTION HURIDOCS is a network of organisations and individuals concerned with information on human rights, and convinced that solid information systems are needed to protect human rights. HURIDOCS Micro-thesauri are part of an effort to provide tools for human rights documentation. In 1993, HURIDOCS published a revision of the Bibliographic Standard Formats, 1 and the first edition of the Events Standard Formats. 2 EVSYS, a computer program to accompany the Events Standard Formats was also released and has continued to be developed. The Supporting Documents 3 were created to provided the controlled vocabularies needed for completing various fields in the Bibliographic Standard Formats and the Events Standard Formats. The Events Standard Formats have now been revised and published under the title HURIDOCS Events Standard Formats 4 with WinEvsys, an accompanying computer program. Several of the Micro-thesauri in this book are a revision of the earlier Supporting Documents, others are new. They are intended to provide controlled vocabularies for the Events Standard Formats and WinEvsys as well as for other manual or computerised systems of documenting human rights violations. The content of several Micro-thesauri is evolving because of ongoing developments in the areas to which they relate, and they do not pretend to be comprehensive. While HURIDOCS promotes international standards for the purpose of information exchange, it recognises that some thesauri may not meet the exact needs of particular organisations. Therefore, further refinement by users is possible. HURIDOCS appreciates if adaptations of the Micro-thesauri are communicated to its Secretariat. Human rights organisations that focus on specific issues can select and use only a small number of categories that are of interest to them, and further refine them. HURIDOCS is willing to collaborate with such groups in the process of adapting the Events Standard Formats, which includes the revision of terminologies in the Micro-thesauri and the development of new Local Micro-thesauri according to their needs. The original lists in the Supporting Documents came from a variety of sources. Some consisted of earlier work by HURIDOCS. Certain were developed in relation to the Bibliographic Standard Formats. Others were adapted from existing lists, published or unpublished, used by various organisations or networks. Some were developed specifically for the Events Standard Formats. As a result, there is no standard coding system governing the various lists in the 1993 Supporting Documents. Some lists are alphabetical while others are hierarchical. Certain lists are mnemonic but most are numeric. Some use 4 digits, others 3 digits, etc. Some start with decimal points, while others have the decimal points embedded in the codes. 1 Noval, Aída María, et al. HURIDOCS Standard Formats for the Recording and Exchange of Bibliographic Information concerning Human Rights . Geneva: HURIDOCS, 1993. 2 Dueck, Judith, et al . HURIDOCS Standard Formats: A Tool for Documenting Human Rights Violations . Oslo: HURIDOCS, 1993. 3 Dueck, Judith, and Aída María Noval. HURIDOCS Standard Formats: Supporting Documents. Oslo: HURIDOCS, 1993. 4 Dueck, Judith, Manuel Guzman and Bert Verstappen, HURIDOCS Events Standard Formats: A Tool for Documenting Human Rights Violations. Versoix: HURIDOCS, 2001. 1 INTRODUCTION With this compilation of Micro-thesauri, HURIDOCS has decided to standardise the coding system in order to enhance the effectiveness of any computer program based on the Events Standard Formats, as well as give users a sense of coherence to help them in data entry and thesaurus-development for their own needs. The new coding system used in the Micro-thesauri in this book generally show the hierarchical
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