DOCSLIB.ORG

An Evaluation of Womens' Empowerment Programmes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
An Evaluation of Womens' Empowerment Programmes AN EVALUATION OF WOMENS’ EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMMES IN RAJASTHAN A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (FACULTY OF COMMERCE AND MANAGEMENT) SUPPORTED BY INDIAN COUNCIL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH (ICSSR) NEW DELHI, INDIA UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF SUBMITTED BY DR. R. A. GUPTA CHANDAN MEDATWAL UNIVERSITY OF KOTA, KOTA (RAJASTHAN) DECEMBER 2014 To my loving parents ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude and indebtedness to all those who gave me their valuable blessings, guidance and unflinching co-operation and motivated me to complete my research work. First and foremost, I thank MAA SARASWATI for showering blessings on me. I pay my obeisance to them with bowed head. I take this opportunity to express my heartfelt sentiments of gratitude, with a sense of immense pride and pleasure, to my respected guide and true mentor, Dr. R. A. Gupta, Vice Principal, Government Post Graduate College, Dausa, Rajasthan. He has steered the work through all stages. It is indeed a proud privilege of having the opportunity of working under such a scholarly, delightful and pleasant personality whose active guidance, deep critical insight, innovative ideas, constant inspiration, untiring efforts, help, encouragement and continuous supervision have made this research endeavour a grand success. I would like to express my appreciation for the time, co-operation and effort put in by respected scholarly mentor Professor N.K. Jaiman, Director (Research), University of Kota, Kota and Professor S.C. Rajora, former Director (Research) for co-operation, inspiration and providing guidance to me. I would also like to thank to all the staff members from University of Kota, Government Commerce PG College, Kota, Janki Devi Bajaj Government Girls PG College Kota, officers from Department of women and child development (WCD) Rajasthan and my alma mater- Banasthali University’s faculties for their co- operation and guidance during my research. I am very grateful to my family, in particular my parents, for their help, support and utter belief on me throughout this work, i.e., my father, Mr. Tribhuvan Medatwal, my mother, Mrs. Madhu Bala, and my sisters, Dr. Vasudha and Himani. Their sacrifices and blessings always motivated me and led me forward through my difficult moments. Their unshakeable faith rejuvenated a wrecked ship and showed the right path to a lost wanderer. iii I have no appropriate words to express my warm thanks to my friends and family members who helped me in collection of data and always cherished me in completion of research. Their constant encouragement gave me the strength to complete my research successfully. And, last but not least, my head bows down in front of my grandparents (in heaven) and the almighty, who made this possible. I thank the Indian council for Social Science Research (ICSSR), New Delhi, India, for doctoral research fellowship grant (no. RFD/2013-14 (F) / GEN/ MGT/ 58) under which the research is carried out. Chandan Medatwal iv PREFACE The present study deals with ‘An Evaluation of Womens’ Empowerment Programmes in Rajasthan’ contain the results of research undertaken at the Government Commerce Post Graduate College, Kota (Affiliated to University of Kota). This research is aimed at exploring the evaluation and the extent of implementation of womens’ empowerment programmes (WEP) in Hadoti region of Rajasthan. Research helps analyse scenario of womens empowerment with respect to womens’ economic, psychological and social empowerment. Various initiatives in terms of WEP of Government of India (GOI) and Government of Rajasthan (GOR) meeting up issues related to overall upliftment of womens especially living in rural areas. Schemes implementation and the gap between implementation and effect have prompted this study to evaluate the selected programmes running in all four districts of Hadoti region in south eastern Rajasthan. The efficiency and effectiveness of selected programmes for research viz., Integrated Child development Scheme (ICDS), women self help groups (WSHG), Swavalamban (NORAD) scheme, Kaleva and protection schemes were evaluated with the help of identified variables and then conclusions have been drawn through findings. These reflect the true picture of the actual workings of the WEP with respect to beneficiaries’ perceptions. The WEPs selected for the evaluation, were only Government run schemes. Out of selected five schemes, two schemes viz., WSHG and Swavalamban came up in action with the help of non government organisations (NGOs) in training and facilitation aspects. Qualitative and quantitative analysis has been conducted to arrive at conclusions to understand the actual implementation of selected WEPs on various parameters. Moreover, the WEPs are governed by the department of women and child development (WCD). In essence, there is no profit motive but the welfare and development aspects only. This could be said as the ‘whole concept’ which has welfare motive for nation and its citizens, especially women. From the historical era to 21st century, the women segment is inferior in many aspects, be it education, employment or empowerment. The increase of women v participation in economic and socio-political environment not only soothes the nation’s status but also gratifies status of women. Therefore, the focus of GOI is on how to uplift their conditions enforcing WEPs, are in action. This research is not just pertains to focus on increased number of beneficiaries through WEPs but accomplished an effort to economic, social, psychological gratification for women trough analysing perceptions on selected indicators. The research is based on primary data (1200 beneficiaries’), covers a period from the year 2010-11 to 2013-14. The research starts with preliminary stage in which theory is formulated and followed by random selection cases and designing of questionnaire. The next step was field work and analysis stage, wherein data were analysed and case writing was done. The present study consists of eight chapters which are not just a compilation of literature but justifiably put in the analysis in each chapter throughout the research with rhetoric presentation. The First chapter namely, ‘Introduction’ covers introduction to womens’ empowerment, nature, significance, scope, review of literature and conceptual and empirical framework for the study. The second chapter covers ‘women empowerment programmes’ (WEP) in India and Rajasthan and put lights upon selected WEP namely, ICDS, WSHGs, Swavalamban scheme, Kaleva and protection schemes for this research. The third chapter covers ‘Research Methodology’ for this study. Chapter four pertains to the ‘Profile and status of women in India and Rajasthan’. Chapter five namely, ‘Women empowerment Programmes- issues, development and approaches’ covers observations, legal scenario and cases. Sixth chapter deals with ‘Analysis and Interpretation of data-I’ which analyses the demographic profile of respondents and perception towards women empowerment. The seventh chapter contain the ‘Analysis and Interpretation of data-II’ evaluates each selected WEP in Hadoti region on the basis of identified variables. The Seventh and the last Chapter covers summary, major findings, conclusion, contribution to the field of research and originality, practical implications of the study and recommendations, suggestions, limitations and future research endeavours. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Certificate from supervisor Certificate from institution Declarations i Dedication ii Acknowledgements iii Preface v Foreword vii Table of Contents viii List of Abbreviations xvi List of Tables xix List of Figures xxiii List of Exhibits xxv CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 WOMEN EMPOWERMENT 1 1.2 NATURE OF STUDY 4 1.2.1 Significance of the study 5 1.2.2 Scope of the Study 7 1.3 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 7 1.3.1 Conceptual framework for Research 8 1.3.1.1 Power, Empowerment and Womens’ Empowerment 9 1.3.1.2 Participation of Women embodied in the Process of 11 Empowerment 1.3.1.3 Womens’ empowerment programmes and Economic 12 Empowerment 1.3.1.4 Gender equity, equality and inequality 14 1.3.2 Empirical Framework for Research 15 1.3.2.1 Impact of Participation of women in Womens’ Empowerment 15 Programmes 1.3.2.2 SHGs and Microfinance 17 1.3.2.3 Evaluation and analysis of WEPs 18 1.3.2.4 Constraints experienced by rural women in Empowerment 21 process 1.4 CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE STUDY 22 CHAPTER TWO: WOMEN EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMMES (WEPs) 24 2.1 A BIRDS EYE VIEW - WEP IN INDIA AND RAJASTHAN - Exhibits 25 2.1.1 Departments for Women Empowerment 40 2.2 WEPs SELECTED FOR RESEARCH- A brief discussion 40 2.2.1 Reasons of selecting five specific WEP for research 40 2.2.2 Integrated child development scheme (ICDS) 40 2.2.2.1 Honorarium to AWW and AWH 41 2.2.2.2 Anganwadi Kalyan Kosh (AKK) 42 viii 2.2.2.3 Sathin 42 2.2.3 Women self help groups (WSHGs) 42 2.2.3.1 Women SHGs Institute and regional Rural Centres (RRCs) 44 2.2.3.2 SHG in News 44 2.2.3.3 Priyadarshini Adarsh SHG Scheme 44 2.2.3.4 50% Interest Subvention Scheme on Bank loans to SHGs (ISS- 45 BLS) 2.2.3.5 Models of Bank Linkage 45 2.2.3.6 SHGs to be the change agents 46 2.2.3.7 Special focus on tribe 46 2.2.4 SWAVALAMBAN Scheme 46 2.2.5 KALEVA scheme 48 2.2.6 Protection Schemes 48 2.2.6.1 Zila Mahila Sahayta Samiti (ZMSS) 49 2.2.6.2 Mahila Surksha Evam Salah Kendra (MSSK) 49 2.2.6.3 Implementation of Protection of Women from Domestic 49 Violence Act, 2005 2.2.6.4 Creating Safe and Secure Environment for Women 49 2.2.6.5 Fast Track Courts (FTCs) 50 2.3 TOOLS FOR WOMEN EMPOWERMENT 51 2.3.1 Prioritising Gender & Gender Responsive Budgeting 51 2.3.2 Contribution of Non Government Organisations (NGOs) 52 2.3.2.1 Akshaya Patra empowering rural women 52 2.3.2.2 PRADAN 53 2.3.2.3 ARISE 53 2.3.3 Microfinance and Microcredit 53 CHAPTER THREE : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 54 3.1 RESEARCH GAP 54 3.2 NEED OF THE STUDY 55 3.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 55 3.4 FORMULATION OF HYPOTHESES 56 3.4.1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Indigenous Knowledge of Local Communities of Malwa Region on Soil and Water Conservation
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2016) 5(2): 830-835 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 2(2016) pp. 830-835 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.502.094 Indigenous Knowledge of Local Communities of Malwa Region on Soil and Water Conservation Manohar Pawar1*, Nitesh Bhargava2, Amit Kumar Uday3 and Munesh Meena3 Society for Advocacy & Reforms, 32 Shivkripa, SBI Colony, Dewas Road Ujjain, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT After half a century of failed soil and water conservation projects in tropical K e yw or ds developing countries, technical specialists and policy makers are Malwa, reconsidering their strategy. It is increasingly recognised in Malwa region Indigenous, that the land users have valuable environmental knowledge themselves. This Soil and Water review explores two hypotheses: first, that much can be learned from Conservation previously ignored indigenous soil and water conservation practices; second, Article Info that can habitually act as a suitable starting point for the development of technologies and programmes. However, information on ISWC (Indigenous Accepted: 10 January 2016 Soil and Water Conservation) is patchy and scattered. Total 14 indigenous Available Online: Soil and water Conservation practises have been identified in the area. 10 February 2016 Result showed that these techniques were more suitable accord to geographic location. Introduction Soil and water are the basic resources and their interactions are major factors affecting these must be conserved as carefully as erosion-sedimentation processes. possible. The pressure of increasing population neutralizes all efforts to raise the The semi–arid regions with few intense standard of living, while loss of fertility in rainfall events and poor soil cover condition the soil itself nullifies the value of any produce more sediment per unit area.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Trends in Tourism Development in Rajasthan
    © 2021 JETIR June 2021, Volume 8, Issue 6 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) Recent Trends in Tourism Development in Rajasthan Bhim Chand Kumawat Assistant Professor, Vedanta P G Girls College Ringus, Manish Saini Assistant Professor,BADM Narshingh Das PG college, Nechhwa (Sikar) Rajendra kumar Assistant Professor Shri Nawalgarh ( P.G.)Mahila Mahavidyalya Abstract: Rajasthan is known prominently in the field of tourism not only in the country but on the world tourism map. Rajasthan is known to be one of the most attractive destinations in terms of tourism. Rajasthan is a centre of attraction not only for domestic tourists but also for foreign tourists. The glorious history of Rajasthan, the fort, the Bavaria, the palace, the art and culture of this place are the major attractions for the tourists. The development of tourism in the state has been instrumental in increasing the state's GDP, employment generation, foreign exchange earnings, infrastructure development, capital investment as well as economic and social development. This paper is an effort to understand what the role of tourism is in the state economy and what recent innovations or trends have been done in the development of tourism. Keywords: Tourism, Rajasthan, Economic Development, Infrastructure, Culture, Heritage Introduction: Rajasthan is the largest state in India, which is located in the northwest part of the country. Rajasthan was ruled by mostly Rajput rulers, so this state is also known as Rajputana in history. Rajasthan has been appreciated over countries due to its glory, art-culture, natural beauty, forts and historical sites. This is the reason why India tourism tour of tourists remains incomplete without visiting Rajasthan.
    [Show full text]
  • THEIR OWN COUNTRY :A Profile of Labour Migration from Rajasthan
    THEIR OWN COUNTRY A PROFILE OF LABOUR MIGRATION FROM RAJASTHAN This report is a collaborative effort of 10 civil society organisations of Rajasthan who are committed to solving the challenges facing the state's seasonal migrant workers through providing them services and advocating for their rights. This work is financially supported by the Tata Trust migratnt support programme of the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust and Allied Trusts. Review and comments Photography Jyoti Patil Design and Graphics Mihika Mirchandani All communication concerning this publication may be addressed to Amrita Sharma Program Coordinator Centre for Migration and Labour Solutions, Aajeevika Bureau 2, Paneri Upvan, Street no. 3, Bedla road Udaipur 313004, Ph no. 0294 2454092 [email protected], [email protected] Website: www.aajeevika.org This document has been prepared with a generous financial support from Sir Dorabji Tata Trust and Allied Trusts In Appreciation and Hope It is with pride and pleasure that I dedicate this report to the immensely important, yet un-served, task of providing fair treatment, protection and opportunity to migrant workers from the state of Rajasthan. The entrepreneurial might of Rajasthani origin is celebrated everywhere. However, much less thought and attention is given to the state's largest current day “export” - its vast human capital that makes the economy move in India's urban, industrial and agrarian spaces. The purpose of this report is to bring back into focus the need to value this human capital through services, policies and regulation rather than leaving its drift to the imperfect devices of market forces. Policies for labour welfare in Rajasthan and indeed everywhere else in our country are wedged delicately between equity obligations and the imperatives of a globalised market place.
    [Show full text]
  • Jhalawar District
    lR;eso t;rs Government of India Ministry of MSME Brief Indusrtial Profile of Jhalawar District vk;kstd ,e,l,ebZ&fodkl laLFkku lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e ea=ky;] Hkkjr ljdkj ( xksnke] vkS|ksfxd lEink] t;iqj& ) 22 302006 Qksu QSDl : 0141-2212098, 2213099 : 0141-2210553 bZ&esy osclkbZV : [email protected], - www.msmedijaipur.gov.in Contents S.No. Topic Page No. 1. General Characteristics of the District 1 1.1 Location & Geographical Area 2 1.2 Topography 2 1.3 Availability of Minerals 3 1.4 Forest 3 1.5 Administrative set up 3-5 2. District at a glance 6=9 3. Industrial Scenario of Jhalawar 10 3.1 Industry at a Glance 10 3.2 Major Industrial Area 11 3.3 Year Wise Trend of Units Registered 12 3.4 Details o Existing Micro & Small Enterprises & Artisan 13 Units in the District 3.5 Large Scale Industries/Public Sector Undertakings 14 3.6 Major Exportable Item 15 3.7 Growth Trend 15 3.8 Vendorisation/Ancillarisation of the Industry 15 3.9 Medium Scale Enterprises 15 3.10 Service Enterprises 15 3.11 Potentials areas for service Industry 15 3.12 Potential for new MSMEs 15-16 4 Existing Clusters of Micro & Small Enterprise 16 4.1 Detail of Major Clusters 16 4.1.1 Manufacturing Sector 16 4.2 Details for Indentified Cluster 17 4.3 General Issue raised by industry Association 18 5. Steps to set up MSMEs 19 6. Important contact nos. District Jhalawar 20 7. List of Industries Associations of Jhalawar 21 Brief Indusrtial Profile of Jhalawar District 1.
    [Show full text]
  • An Evaluation of the Performance of Regional Rural Banks in the Rural Development of Agra Region
    AN EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF REGIONAL RURAL BANKS IN THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF AGRA REGION ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF ©ottor of ^|)iloiopl)p IN COMMERCE BY ABDUL HAFEEZ UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF DR. JAVED ALAM KHAN (READER) DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) x^-^ ABSTRACT The present study entitled 'An Evaluation of the Performance of Regional Rural Banks in the Rural Development of Agra Region' , is an attempt to review the historical background of the establishment of Regional Rural Banks in the country specially in Agra Region, and evaluation and assessment of their financial resources, progress and performance of RRBs in rural areas, management structure, lending policies, the problems faced by these institutions and to make suggestions to improve their working. The study has been divided in nine chapters. India lives in villages and nearly 5.73 lakh villages are in our country, which are the backbone of our economy. As per the 1991 Census, India's population is 84.7 crores, of which 6?.9 crore are rural. Seventy five per cent of the people are living still in villages. As such rural development of the country is essential i.e.. Agriculture, rural industries, rural artisans, rural unemployeds, infra- strcuture in rural areas (rural roads, means of transport and communication, water and power supply) etc. should be well developed for the uplift of our villages. Till our villages are not well developed and the lot of seventy five per cent population living there is not ameliorated, India is bound to remain a poor country.
    [Show full text]
  • Fairs & Festivals, Part VII-B, Vol-XIV, Rajasthan
    PRG. 172 B (N) 1,000 CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 VOLUME XIV .RAJASTHAN PART VII-B FAIRS & FESTIVALS c. S. GUPTA OF THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE Superintendent of Census Operations, Rajasthan 1966 PREFACE Men are by their nature fond of festivals and as social beings they are also fond of congregating, gathe­ ring together and celebrating occasions jointly. Festivals thus culminate in fairs. Some fairs and festivals are mythological and are based on ancient traditional stories of gods and goddesses while others commemorate the memories of some illustrious pers<?ns of distinguished bravery or. persons with super-human powers who are now reverenced and idealised and who are mentioned in the folk lore, heroic verses, where their exploits are celebrated and in devotional songs sung in their praise. Fairs and festivals have always. been important parts of our social fabric and culture. While the orthodox celebrates all or most of them the common man usually cares only for the important ones. In the pages that follow an attempt is made to present notes on some selected fairs and festivals which are particularly of local importance and are characteristically Rajasthani in their character and content. Some matter which forms the appendices to this book will be found interesting. Lt. Col. Tod's fascinating account of the festivals of Mewar will take the reader to some one hundred fifty years ago. Reproductions of material printed in the old Gazetteers from time to time give an idea about the celebrations of various fairs and festivals in the erstwhile princely States. Sarva Sbri G.
    [Show full text]
  • Faunal Heritage of Rajasthan, India General Background and Ecology
    Faunal Heritage of Rajasthan, India General Background and Ecology of Vertebrates B.K. Sharma ● Seema Kulshreshtha Asad R. Rahmani Editors Faunal Heritage of Rajasthan, India General Background and Ecology of Vertebrates Editors Dr. B.K. Sharma Dr. Seema Kulshreshtha Associate Professor & Head Associate Professor & Head Department of Zoology Department of Zoology RL Saharia Government PG College Government Shakambhar PG College Kaladera (Jaipur), Rajasthan, India Sambhar Lake (Jaipur) , Rajasthan, India Dr. Asad R. Rahmani Director Bombay Natural History Society Mumbai , Maharashtra, India ISBN 978-1-4614-0799-7 ISBN 978-1-4614-0800-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0800-0 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012954287 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, speci fi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on micro fi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied speci fi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory and Assessment of Coriander Crop in the State of Rajasthan Using Multitemporal Remote Sensing Data
    The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XLII-3/W6, 2019 ISPRS-GEOGLAM-ISRS Joint Int. Workshop on “Earth Observations for Agricultural Monitoring”, 18–20 February 2019, New Delhi, India INVENTORY AND ASSESSMENT OF CORIANDER CROP IN THE STATE OF RAJASTHAN USING MULTITEMPORAL REMOTE SENSING DATA Shreya Roy*, Niti Singh , P. Kumar, , M.M Kimothi and S. Mamatha Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre, DAC&FW, New Delhi 110 012, India - (royshreya406, niti.geoinfo,drmmkimothi)@gmail.com, [email protected], [email protected] Commission III, WG III/10 KEY WORDS: Coriander, Multitemporal, Remote Sensing, Sentinel 2A, Inventory, Classification, Accuracy ABSTRACT: The present study aims to develop the methodology for inventory and assessment of coriander crop in Rajasthan using remote sensing technique. Sentinel-2A optical data having a spatial resolution of 10 m, from January-March, 2017 were considered for this study keeping in mind the crop calendar. It was found that coriander at its flowering stage gives a distinct light pink colour which helps it to differentiate from other crops. However it is difficult to separate other stages of coriander (early vegetative, mature stage) owing to its similarity in tonal pattern with mustard. The overall accuracy of single date image was found to be 63.29% and Kappa (K^) Coefficient as 0.5532. With the inclusion of multiple dates accuracy increased to 91.14% and Kappa (K^) Coefficient to 0.7436. This was because increase in information increases the possibility to separate crops from each other. This study demonstrates the feasibility of multi-temporal satellite data for accurate coriander crop mapping area estimation in multi-crop scenario with reasonable accuracy at the Block/district level and State level.
    [Show full text]
  • Major Civilizations of the World Include S Indhu S Araswati, Vedic, Egyptian, Babylonian, Chinese, Roman and Greek Civilizations
    1 Chapter - 1 M ajor Civilizations of the Wor l d 1.0 Aim 1.1 Preface 1.2 Origin of Man and Development . 1.2.1 Questions for Exercise 1.3. Sindhu Saraswati Civilization 1.3.1 Saraswati River 1.3.2 Indus Architecture 1. Town Planning 2. Great Bath and Great Grannary 3. Great Reservoir and Stadium 4. Great Dockyard. 1.3.3 Other Arts of Indus. Saraswati Civilization 1.3.4 Indus Script 1.3.5 Science 1.3.6 Economic Life. 1.3.7 Social Life 1.3.8 Religious life 1.3.9 Political Life 1.3.10 Cremation of the Dead 1.3.11 Questions for Exercise 1.4. Vedic Civilization 1. 4 .1 Language and Literary Richness 1.4.2 Political System 1.4.3 Social Life 1.4.4 Economic Life 1.4.5 Religious Life 1.4.6 Knowledge and Science 1.4.7 Questions for Exercise. 1.5. Ancient Civilization of Egypt 1.5.1 Political System 1.5.2 Social Condition 1.5.3 Economic Condition 1.5.4 Religious Life 1.5.5 Art 1.5.6 Knowledge and Science 1.5.7 Questions for Exercise 1.6 Ancient Babylonian Civilization 1.6.1 Political System - (1) Administration (2) Law (3) Judicial System 1.6.2 Social condition 1.6.3 Religious Life 1.6.4 Economic Condition 1.6.5 Art 1.6.6 Knowledge and Science 1.6.7 Questions for Exercise 1.7. Chinese Civilization 1.7.1 Royal Dynasties of China 1.7.2 Administrative System 1.7.3 Social Life.
    [Show full text]
  • Inclusive Revitalisation of Historic Towns and Cities
    GOVERNMENT OF RAJASTHAN Public Disclosure Authorized INCLUSIVE REVITALISATION OF HISTORIC TOWNS AND CITIES Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR RAJASTHAN STATE HERITAGE PROGRAMME 2018 National Institute of Urban Affairs Public Disclosure Authorized All the recorded data and photographs remains the property of NIUA & The World Bank and cannot be used or replicated without prior written approval. Year of Publishing: 2018 Publisher NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF URBAN AFFAIRS, NEW DELHI Disclaimer While every effort has been made to ensure the correctness of data/ information used in this report, neither the authors nor NIUA accept any legal liability for the accuracy or inferences drawn from the material contained therein or for any consequences arising from the use of this material. No part of this report may be reproduced in any form (electronic or mechanical) without prior permission from NIUA and The World Bank. Depiction of boundaries shown in the maps are not authoritative. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on these maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance. These maps are prepared for visual and cartographic representation of tabular data. Contact National Institute of Urban Affairs 1st and 2nd floor Core 4B, India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003 India Website: www.niua.org INCLUSIVE REVITALISATION OF HISTORIC TOWNS AND CITIES STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR RAJASTHAN STATE HERITAGE PROGRAMME 2018 GOVERNMENT OF RAJASTHAN National Institute of Urban Affairs Message I am happy to learn that Department of Local Self Government, Government of Rajasthan has initiated "Rajasthan State Heritage Programme" with technical assistance from the World Bank, Cities Alliance and National Institute of Urban Affairs.
    [Show full text]
  • Administration Report Enumeration, Part I-A, Series-18, Rajasthan
    For Official Use Only CENSUS OF INDIA 1981 SERIES-I 8 RAJASTHAN PART I-A ADMINISTRATION REPORT ENUMERATION I. c. SRIVASTAVA of the Indian Administrative Service Director of Census Operations, Rajasthan PREFACE~ 1 .". The Indian Census with its rich tradition of over a century is, to borrow from Abraham Lincon;s definition on democracy, the most authentic account of the people, for the people and by the people. In the Enumeration Operations which constitute, in their own way, probably the largest administrative exercise of the world the people living in the remotest corners of the country cooperate to supply details and information about themselves and their families to the Enumerators most of whom are chosen from among the government officials placed, closest to the people. The present volume seeks to summarise the experiences and the trials and tribulations which the officers and the staff of the Directorate as well as District Administration had to undergo in organising the field operations of 1981 Census in both the phases-Houselisting and Enumeration. The volume will, hopefully fulfil the needs of those officers who would wish to look back and derive usefully from the organisational details of 1981 Census before drawing up the administrative arrangements for the conduct of 1991 Census. Although an attempt has been made to present an objective picture of the 1981 Census in Rajasthan State, many suggestions based on our view and experience of the Census mayor may not be found useful for adoption or implementation in the changed circumstances of the next Census. Nevertheless the report will be found interesting and useful in many ways by the officers at the headquarters as well as in the field, who will be called upon to perform their duties as Census Officers in various capacities.
    [Show full text]
  • Panihari Guidebook
    PANIHARI THE WATER WOMEN OF INDIA Guidebook To order this and other programs call: (888) 570-5400 www.choicesvideo.net Choices, Inc. 421 S. Beverly Drive 5th Floor Beverly Hills, California 90212 © 2006 Choices, Inc. All rights reserved Facts about Rajasthan Statistics • Population: 56.47 million (2001 Census, estimated at more than 58 million now) • Cities and Towns: 222 • Major cities: Jaipur, Jodhpur, Udaipur, Kota, Ajmer, Bikaner, Bhilwara, Alwar • Roads: 61,520 km. ( 2,846 km National Highway) • National highways crossing Rajasthan: Delhi-Ahmedabad, Agra-Bikaner, Jaipur- Bhopal and Bhatinda-Kandla • Climate: Generally dry with monsoon during July-August • Districts: 32 • Languages: English and Hindi commonly used, as well as indigenous Rajasthani languages • Literacy: 61.03 % Geography The main geographic feature of Rajasthan is the Aravalli Range, which runs through the state from southwest to northeast, almost from one end to another end. Mount Abu is at the southwestern end of the range, although a series of broken ridges continues into Haryana in the direction of Delhi. About three-fifths of Rajasthan lies northwest of the Aravallis, leaving two-fifths on the east and south. The northwestern portion of Rajasthan is generally sandy and dry, and most of the region is covered by the Thar Desert, which extends into adjoining portions of Pakistan. The Aravalli Ranges intercept the moisture-giving southwest monsoon winds off the Arabian Sea, leaving the northwestern region in a rain shadow. The Thar Desert is thinly populated, and the town of Bikaner is the largest city in the desert. The Northwestern thorn scrub forests lie in a band around the Thar Desert, between the desert and the Aravallis.
    [Show full text]