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Heritage Background Paper, April 2020

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Heritage Background Paper, April 2020 ST HELENS BOROUGH LOCAL PLAN 2020-2035 HERITAGE BACKGROUND PAPER APRIL 2020 ST HELENS BOROUGH LOCAL PLAN 2020-2035 HERITAGE BACKGROUND PAPER (APRIL 2020) Contents 1. LOCAL CONTEXT .......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 2. BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ST HELENS ....................... 2 3. POLICY CONTEXT, EVIDENCE BASE AND HERITAGE ASSETS IN ST HELENS ......................................................................................................... 6 3.1 Policy Guidance .......................................................................................................... 6 3.2 National Guidance ....................................................................................................... 7 3.3 The SHBLP and NPPF Historic Environment requirements for Local Plans ............... 8 3.4 THE SHBLP AND PPG HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR LOCAL PLANS ...................................................................................................................... 11 3.5 Local Guidance ......................................................................................................... 16 4. HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT: A POSITIVE STRATEGY ................................. 23 4.1 Guiding Principles ..................................................................................................... 23 4.2 Policy Flow ................................................................................................................ 24 4.3 Local Plan Scoping Stage January 2016 .................................................................. 25 4.4 Local Plan Preferred Options December 2016 ......................................................... 25 4.5 Draft Vision and Policies ........................................................................................... 25 4.6 LPPO Site Selection .................................................................................................. 31 4.7 Heritage Impact Assessments ................................................................................... 37 4.8 Other Community Engagement ................................................................................. 38 4.9 Enhancing the Historic Environment through Policy Implementation ........................ 38 4.10 Local Plan Submission Draft January 2019 .............................................................. 39 4.11 Priority Actions for Heritage Enhancement in the SHBLP ......................................... 40 5. SUMMARY ................................................................................................... 42 5.1 Moving forward .......................................................................................................... 42 5.2 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 42 List of Tables Table 1: SHBLP and NPPF Policies ................................................................................ 8 Table 2: SHBLP and Planning Policy Guidance ............................................................ 11 Table 3: Scheduled Monuments in St Helens Borough ................................................. 17 Table 4: Amendments to Emerging Local Plan Following LPPO Consultation .............. 25 Table 5: Lppo Proposed Development Sites Subject to HIAs ........................................ 32 Table 6: LPPO Sites with no known Archaeological Interest or Potential ...................... 33 Table 7: Proposed Development Sites with Local or Regional Archaeological Interest or Potential ......................................................................................................... 34 Table 8: Development Sites with Regional and/or National Archaeological Interest or Potential ......................................................................................................... 36 Table 9: Sites To Remain In The Green Belt And Not Developed ................................. 39 Table 10: Action 1 – Safeguarding And Enhancing Landscape Character .................... 40 Table 11: Action 2 – Preserving The Landscape And Industrial Heritage Of The Borough ....................................................................................................................... 41 ST HELENS BOROUGH LOCAL PLAN 2020-2035 HERITAGE BACKGROUND PAPER (APRIL 2020) Table 12: Action 3 – Safeguarding Built Heritage .......................................................... 41 Table 13: Action 4 – Engaging With The Community .................................................... 41 List of Figures Figure 1: Opening of the Sankey Canal – Liverpool Chronicle, November 1757 ........... 3 Figure 2: Sankey Viaduct ............................................................................................... 4 Figure 3: Derbyshire Hill Colliery Workers Housing Adj. Bold Colliery circa 1970s ........ 5 Figure 4: Conservation Areas, Scheduled Ancient Monuments and Registered Parks and Gardens (north west of Borough) ........................................................... 21 Figure 5: Conservation Areas, Scheduled Ancient Monuments and Registered Parks and Gardens (south of Borough) .................................................................. 21 Figure 6: Location and Extent of Registered Battlefield - Battle of Winwick 1648 ........ 18 Figure 7: Extent of Registered Battlefield within St Helens Borough ........................... 20 Figure 8: Conservation Areas, Scheduled Ancient Monuments and Registered Parks and Gardens (east of Borough) .................................................................... 21 Figure 9: Policy Flow Chart .......................................................................................... 24 Figure 10: Approximate extent of Sankey Canal Corridor .............................................. 51 Figure 11: Engine Lock excavated in 2017 by St Helens Council .................................. 52 Figure 12: Earlestown Market Square ........................................................................... 53 Appendices Listed Assets ................................................................................. 43 Case Studies ................................................................................. 50 Heritage Impact Assessments (HIAs) ............................................. 55 ii ST HELENS BOROUGH LOCAL PLAN 2020-2035 HERITAGE BACKGROUND PAPER (APRIL 2020) 1. LOCAL CONTEXT 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 This background paper is one of several that have been prepared by St Helens Council. It will provide evidence for the forthcoming Examination in Public of the St. Helens Borough Local Plan 2020-2035 (the SHBLP), and as such should be read in conjunction with other background papers. 1.1.2 The purpose of this background paper is to set out the positive strategic approach towards the protection and enhancement of heritage across the Borough of St Helens that the Council will take forward through the SHBLP. The paper includes details of how the strategic approach on heritage has developed from the Scoping stage (January 2016) to the Submission Draft version of the Local Plan (2019). 1.1.3 The paper includes a number of Heritage Impact assessments (HIAs) that were prepared following the consultation on the LPPO, specifically in regard to comments received by statutory consultee Historic England. It also sets out how St Helens have engaged with relevant statutory consultees such as Historic England throughout the plan making process. 1.1.4 It also sets out relevant international, national and local policies, strategies and guidance documents. 1.1.5 Government guidance states that local authorities should: “ … set out a positive strategy for the conservation and enjoyment of the historic environment, including heritage assets most at risk through neglect, decay or other threats. This strategy should take into account: a) the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of heritage assets, and putting them to viable uses consistent with their conservation; b) the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits that conservation of the historic environment can bring; c) the desirability of new development making a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness; and, d) opportunities to draw on the contribution made by the historic environment to the character of a place.” 1.1.6 The historic environment is a significant component of land use planning as it has shaped and influenced the physical and human connections to and within the Borough. It is also an important part of sustainable development: the past should be preserved for future generations. The Borough contains several rich and diverse heritage assets. These assets help to make St Helens unique, locally distinct and assist in shaping its local character. 1 ST HELENS BOROUGH LOCAL PLAN 2020-2035 HERITAGE BACKGROUND PAPER (APRIL 2020) 2. BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ST HELENS 2.1.1 St Helens is a product of the exploitation of its natural resources of coal, sand and fireclay from the 18th century. Prior to the industrial age, the area was comprised of the four townships of Parr, Windle, Eccleston and Sutton; which coalesced around the church of St.Elyn to form St Helens as a distinct town. 2.1.2 Until the mid-18th century, industry was small scale and predominantly
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