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United Nations Development Programme Country: Botswana PROJECT DOCUMENT Project title: Managing the human-wildlife interface to sustain the flow of agro-ecosystem services and prevent illegal wildlife trafficking in the Kgalagadi and Ghanzi Drylands Country: Botswana Implementing Partner: Ministry of Management Arrangements: Environment, Natural Resources NIM Conservation and Tourism (MENT) UNDAP/Country Programme Outcome: Improved environment, natural resources, climate change governance, energy access and disaster risk management UNDP Strategic Plan Output: Output 1.3: Solutions developed at national and sub-national levels for sustainable management of natural resources, ecosystem services, chemicals and waste. Output 2.5: Legal and regulatory frameworks, policies and institutions enabled to ensure the conservation, sustainable use, and access and benefit sharing of natural resources, biodiversity and ecosystems, in line with international conventions and national legislation. UNDP Social and Environmental Screening UNDP Gender Marker: 2 Category: Low Risk Award ID: 00100918 Atlas Output ID/Project ID number: 00103617 UNDP-GEF PIMS ID number: 5590 GEF ID number: 9154 Planned start date: 1 May 2017 Planned end date: 31December 2023 LPAC date: Tbd Project Summary: Natural resources management in the Kalahari landscape is characterised by competition and conflict between conservation goals, economic development and livelihoods. Home to large herds of angulates and iconic predators, the landscape was dominated by low-density wildlife with hunter-gatherer livelihoods until borehole farming enabled cattle ranching a few decades ago. The consequent rangeland degradation and ecosystem fragmentation threatens wildlife and economic development. Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) meant to support wildlife-based economic activities and secure migratory corridors linking the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park and the Central Kalahari Game Reserve continue to be lost to livestock encroachment, due to delayed gazettement. Wildlife is under additional threat from poaching, wildlife poisoning and illegal wildlife trade (IWT). The recent ban on hunting has reduced benefits from CBNRM (which in the context of Botswana has largely been based on consumptive use (i.e. hunting) of wildlife, arguably reducing incentives for conservation. Stakeholders lack the planning tools, institutional coordination and operational capacities to balance competing needs and optimise environment, social and economic outcomes. In particular, there is weak coordination in tackling poaching, wildlife poisoning and IWT, weak capacities for improving rangeland management in the communal lands and limited incentives for local communities to protect wildlife. The project will remove these barriers using the following strategies: Coordinating capacity for combating wildlife crime/trafficking and enforcement of wildlife policies and regulations at district, national and international levels (Component 1); Incentives and systems for wildlife protection by communities increase financial returns from natural resources exploitation and reduce human wildlife conflicts, securing livelihoods and biodiversity in the Kalahari landscape (Component 2); Integrated landscape planning in the conservation areas and SLM practices in communal lands secure wildlife migratory corridors and increase productivity of rangelands respectively, reducing competition between land-uses and increasing ecosystem integrity of the Kalahari ecosystem (Component 3); and, Gender mainstreaming, knowledge management, monitoring and evaluation (Component 4). FINANCING PLAN GEF Trust Fund USD 5,996,789.00 (1) Total Budget administered by UNDP USD 5,996,789.00 in the Total Budget and Workplan PARALLEL CO-FINANCING (all other co-financing that is not cash co-financing administered by UNDP) summary table attached Government (Grant) USD 21,000,000.00 UNDP USD 1,000,000.00 Birdlife Botswana USD 500,000 (2) Total co-financing USD 22,500,000.00 (3) Grand-Total Project Financing (1)+(2) USD 28,496,789.00 SIGNATURES Signature: print name below Agreed by Date/Month/Year: Government Signature: print name below Agreed by Date/Month/Year: Implementing Partner Signature: print name below Agreed by Date/Month/Year: UNDP I. TABLE OF CONTENTS II Development Challenge ....................................................................................................................... 7 III. Project Strategy .................................................................................................................................. 12 IV. Project results ..................................................................................................................................... 25 V. Feasibility .............................................................................................................................................. 49 VI. Project Results Framework ............................................................................................................. 59 VII. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Plan .......................................................................................... 65 VIII. Governance and Management Arrangements .............................................................................. 70 IX. Financial Planning and Management ................................................................................................ 73 X. Total Budget and Work Plan ........................................................................................................... 77 XI. Legal Context ...................................................................................................................................... 87 XII. Annexes ................................................................................................................................................ 88 ANNEX 1: Multi Year Work Plan .......................................................................................................................... 88 ANNEX 2: Monitoring Plan ...................................................................................................................................... 98 ANNEX 3. Evaluation Plan ..................................................................................................................................... 101 ANNEX 4. GEF Tracking Tool (s) at baseline (see excel files) ..................................................................... 102 ANNEX 5. Terms of Reference for Project Board and key Project Staff .................................................. 102 ANNEX 6. UNDP Social, Environmental and Social Screening Template (SESP) .................................... 110 ANNEX 7. UNDP Project Quality Assurance Report (to be completed by UNDP Country Office) 122 ANNEX 8: UNDP Risk Log ................................................................................................................................... 123 ANNEX 9. Results of the capacity assessment of the project implementing partner............................. 128 ANNEX 10: Detailed project design table including activities ...................................................................... 140 ANNEX 11: List of stakeholders consulted during PPG phase .................................................................... 140 ANNEX 12: Communication/Stakeholder Engagement plan ......................................................................... 144 ANNEX 13: Draft Letter of Agreement between Government of Botswana and UNDP for provision of support services ................................................................................................................................................ 148 ANNEX 14: Socio-Economic Baseline with Gender considerations ........................................................... 148 ANNEX 15: Detailed Threat, Root cause Barrier Analysis (on Request) ................................................. 148 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Map of the Kalahari landscape showing Ghanzi and Kgalagadi Districts and Central Kalahari Game Reserve and the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park ..................................................... 8 Figure 2: Conceptual Model for the baseline situation of poaching, IWT and loss of ecosystems integrity in the Kalahari Basin with the Strategies suggested by the UNDP/GEF Project. .. 12 Figure 3: Project Theory of Change .......................................................................................................... 21 Figure 4: Project Organisation Structure ................................................................................................. 71 LIST OF TABLES 3 | P a g e Table 1: National poaching data during 2008, showing data from wildlife-rich districts .................. 7 Table 2: Elephant poaching data 2003 to 2009: ......................................................................................... 8 Table 3: Population dynamics of Kalahari wildlife populations as shown by sequential DWNP aerial surveys ............................................................................................................................................ 9 Table 4: Alignment of the project with GWP Components ................................................................ 15 Table 5: Detailed analysis of the Theory of Change .............................................................................. 17 Table 6: Baseline projects and programs which informed the design of the
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