Aero India Reflects Booming Aerospace & Defence Sector

Home , Aero India, Akash (missile), Barak 8, BrahMos, Guided missiles of India, HAL Tejas

Show Daily DAY - 2

www.aeromag.in n Visit us at Hall - F, Stall No : F 1.61 Aero India Reflects Booming Aerospace & Defence Sector

significant headway in defence possibility for original equipment manufacturing and the growth manufacturers (OEMs) to team had been phenomenal. She said up with Indian companies. The that from 2014-15 to October defence industrial sector was 2018, the Ministry had signed getting robust and there were 150 contracts amounting to 10,000 micro, small and medium Rs. 1,27,500 crores and during enterprises, producing nearly the same period had signed 80 per cent of components, 'acceptance of necessity' for aggregates etc. She said that 164 proposals, amounting to Rs. 424 companies had obtained 2,79,950 crores under different license for production of categories of 'Make in India' various equipments. The cell programmes. had facilitated 350 industries The emphasis, she said, would while the OFB had notified 275 be on ‘Make in India’ programmes products for commercialisation and the Defence Public Sector by the private sector. Undertakings, the Ordnance There was considerable Factory Boards (OFBs) etc were inflows under foreign direct opening up to the private sector investment (FDI), she said and in a big way. The Ordnance mentioned that between 2014- Factory Boards and Defence 18, six companies had made Public Sector Undertakings investments in aerospace and (DPSUs) had increased their defence sector to the tune of Rs. business from Rs. 43,976 crores 237 crores, 200 crores received By R.Chandrakanth manufacturers; private sector in 2014-15 to Rs. 58,163 crores in through automatic route. The In the past four years, the and more specifically the micro, 2017-18, with nearly 40 per cent 'Make in India' programme growth of aerospace and defence small and medium enterprises. outsourced to the private sector. has been making significant sectors have been phenomenal Inaugurating the 12th edition contribution to economic and the Minister of Defence, of Aero India at Yelahanka 4,000 aircraft produced so far growth. "The contribution to Nirmala Sitharaman indicated Air Force Station, amidst a Talking about the capabilities of aerospace is very high from this how these two segments offered thunderous roar of aircraft, the India in the aerospace sector, she part of the country." billion dollar opportunities Minister of Defence, Sitharaman said India had produced about contd.. Page 4 for original equipment said that there had been 4,000 aircraft and there was great

1 Mi-26T2

more info at ROE.RU/ENG/

Rosoboronexport is the sole state company in Russia authorized to export the full range of defense and 27 Stromynka str., 107076, dual-use products, technologies and services. Moscow, Russian Federation Rosoboronexport accounts for over 85% of Russia's V E R T I S M N

Phone: +7 (495) 534 61 83 annual arms sales and maintains military-technical A D Fax: +7 (495) 534 61 53 cooperation with over 100 countries worldwide.

2 Mi-26T2

more info at ROE.RU/ENG/

Phone: +7 (495) 534 61 83 annual arms sales and maintains military-technical A D Fax: +7 (495) 534 61 53 cooperation with over 100 countries worldwide.

3 Join us at Aero India, Hall E, stand E2.20.

attractive state for investments. Spectacular flying display, "We are working towards making tribute to Wg Cdr Sahil Gandhi Karnataka a hub for next gen The 12th edition of Aero India technologies," he said and began with a two-minute silence mentioned that Bengaluru had as a tribute to Wing Cdr Sahil been ranked as No.1 digital city Gandhi who was killed in a crash in the world. Besides aerospace during practice in a Surya Kiran parks, Karnataka had plans for aircraft on the eve of the show. ALPHA MRO (maintenance, repair and The aircraft that performed in overhaul) hubs in Bengaluru the skies also paid tribute in their and Mysore and a defence own way to Wg Cdr Gandhi. manufacturing cluster in The aircraft which performed Mangalore. These specific parks included Mi-17; Dakota DC-3; would be catalysts for growth. Light Utility Helicopters; Dhruv, The Minister of State for advanced light helicopters; BRAVO Bengaluru, she said, is in the process of connecting an aerospace hub with remote destinations. From competencies in components, limited connectivity, India now design, development, innovation. had 103 operational airports. The start-ups are also making a The vision 2040 is to become huge difference to the aerospace the first or the second largest COLLINS industry. "it is newer thinking, aviation market."We are working newer possibilities." on a focused action plan," he said and mentioned the projections of Civil aviation booming Boeing wherein India may require The Minister of Civil Aviation, 2,300 aircraft in the next 20 years. Suresh Prabhu said the aviation Alongwith the passenger growth, sector in India was booming there has been growth in the air and the passenger growth cargo segment, hence there is was hovering around 20 per plan to come up with a policy for We are Collins Aerospace. With our customers cent for some years now. The air cargo growth. Defence, Mr. Subhash Bhamre Rudra (ALH Mk IV); Light Combat aviation market is exploding with said Bengaluru was the Helicopter; Sukhoi 30 Mki; we chart new journeys and reunite families. number of airports increasing Karnataka planning a defence aeronautics hub of India. India is Jaguar Darin upgrade; Tejas We protect nations and save lives. We fuse phenomenally. "We have a major manufacuring cluster looking at self-reliance and the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA); intelligence and partnership to tackle the programme to connect 235 new The Karnataka Chief Minister, opportunities were expanding Saras, the regional transport toughest challenges in our industry. And every destinations to mainstream and Mr. H.D.Kumaraswamy said that in the aerospace and defence aircraft; AEW&C (Netra); P-81 long day, we imagine ways to make the skies and making travel very affordable." Karnataka was growing at 9.6 per sector. The emphasis was on distance anti-submarine warfare He spoke about UDAN (ude desh cent and was among the most creating defence industrial eco and surveillance aircraft; Sarang spaces we touch smarter, safer and more ka aam nagrik), the regional progressive states. Karnataka system under the Make in India helicopters; Rafale; F-16; Airbus amazing than ever. connectivity scheme which was had been ranked first as the most programme. 330 Neo; and B52 bomber. UTC Aerospace Systems and Rockwell Collins are now Collins Aerospace.

TOGETHER, WE ARE REDEFINING AEROSPACE

Collins_Military-Ad_Aeromag_AeroIndia-1-2-3_210x297.indd 1 1/29/19 11:11 AM Join us at Aero India, Hall E, stand E2.20.

ALPHA BRAVO COLLINS

We are Collins Aerospace. With our customers we chart new journeys and reunite families. We protect nations and save lives. We fuse intelligence and partnership to tackle the toughest challenges in our industry. And every day, we imagine ways to make the skies and spaces we touch smarter, safer and more amazing than ever.

UTC Aerospace Systems and Rockwell Collins are now Collins Aerospace.

TOGETHER, WE ARE REDEFINING AEROSPACE

Collins_Military-Ad_Aeromag_AeroIndia-1-2-3_210x297.indd 1 1/29/19 11:11 AM IAI Unveils New Loitering Munition- Mini Harpy

The tactical loitering attack missile combines radiation broadcast detection and is electro optically guided situational picture and closing the attack circle at low cost. The loitering missiles are launched Editorial Advisory Board towards the target area. They loiter the sky Dr. C.G. Krishnadas Nair srael Aerospace Industries (IAI) has unveiled until the threat is detected. Upon detection, the Air Chief Marshal S. Krishnaswamy (Rtd) the Mini Harpy, a newly-developed systems locks in on the threat and attacks it for PVSM, AVSM, VM & Bar Iloitering munition. Based on unique IAI a quick, lethal closure. The system was designed Air Marshal P. Rajkumar (Rtd) development and technology, the Mini Harpy to provide operators with control up to the last PVSM, AVSM, VM combines the capabilities of the Company’s moment, including cessation of attach at any Air Marshal Ajit Bhavanani (Rtd) two flagship loitering missiles, the Harop and stage. Electrically powered, it is extremely quiet, PVSM, AVSM, VM the Harpy, offering detection of broadcast carries shaped charge of approx. 8 kg, operates Rear Admiral K. Mohanan (Rtd), AVSM radiation with electro optical capabilities. The in mission range of 100 km for duration of two Mr. Pushpindar Singh Chopra Mini Harpy is displayed for the first time at Aero house and 45 kg in weight. Dr . K. Ram Chand India Exhibition in Bangalore, India, from 20-24 Boaz Levy, General Manager and Executive Mr. J.K.Sharma February 2019 (Hall-B booth #2.1-2.2). VP of IAI Systems, Missiles & Space Group, said, Mr. Arunakar Mishra The Mini Harpy covers a broad area of interest “in an age of asymmetrical warfare and fast and responds to a broad range of threats and moving targets that ‘blink’ for a few seconds Berlin, Germany launching scenarios: at a time, the use of loitering missiles provides Detlef Becker · Neutralizing of radiation emitting threats strong capabilities for closing the circle of war. E : [email protected] such as radars and additional systems. Rather than relying on precise reference point, T : + 497 112317595 · Electro-Optical Threat detection: high quality the system we developed loiters the air waiting M : + 491 701626053 video footage for the operator. for the target to appear and then attacks and · Launching from a broad range of mobile land destroys the hostile threat within seconds. The Paris, France platforms as well as marine platforms. Mini Harpy is unique in its beam detection and Marie-Thérèse Bonfigli · Multiple tools per area unit. optical capabilities, a combination of two of our E : [email protected] The Mini Harpy is a tactical system designed loitering missile systems that sold thousands of M : +33 (0)6 89 20 95 68 for field or marine units. It can be launched units in Israel and abroad.” from land, marine and helicopter borne IAI is considered a pioneer in loitering missiles Moscow, Russia platforms, providing complete independence with its Harpy, Harop, Green Dragon and Rotem George Smirnov in intelligence collection for an updated missiles. E : [email protected] M : +7 (906)711-03-51 / (495)644-17-33

Sunny Jerome Managing Editor

Preethi M. Associate Editor

David Barnabhas Design

For Publishing Articles, Advertisements For Publishing Articles, Advertisements Editor, Aeromag Asia Aeronautical Society of India Building in Show Daily , Please contact : Suranjandas Road, Off Old Madras Road, Bangalore 560075. Karnataka, INDIA [email protected] / [email protected] Call: +91 94490 61925 Tel : +91 9449061925, 9448447509, 9480551925 Tel: +91 80 25284145 / 25604055 Email: [email protected] www.aeromag.in Printed and Published by , Sunny Jerome, Managing Editor, Aeromag Asia, Aerosun Media, Aeronautical Society of India Building, Suranjandas Road, Off Old Madras Road, Bangalore 560075. Karnataka. Printed at Rashtrotthana Mudranalaya, 19/1, K.G.Nagar, Bangalore-19.

6 7 Merlinhawk launches SSDVRS

Assystem Technologies is now Expleo, a new brand

xpleo was unveiled as the new brand by re-launching Assystem Technologies and its affiliate companies world-wide. E The launch has propelled Expleo as a bold new brand with over EUR 1 billion revenues, employing 15,000+ engineers in 25+ Indigenously Designed, Developed and countries. Manufactured Six Channel Solid State Digital Expleo is a reliable and trusted partner for end-to-end, integrated Video Recorder System (SSDVRS) engineering, quality services and management consulting for digital transformation. Expleo helps businesses harness unrelenting erlinhawk Aerospace Pvt. Ltd, a prominent Indian technological change to successfully deliver innovations that will Aerospace and Defence Industry has successfully help gain a competitive advantage and improve the everyday lives of Mdeveloped Solid-State Digital Video Recorder people around the globe. indigenously. Expleo has been a global leader in the Aerospace and Defence The Merlinhawk design team has been working for some time on domains with deep relationships and track record of helping OEM the development of the Technology behind the Solid-State Digital and Tier-1 market players in the industry. With aerospace experts Video Recorder. It is a matter of great pride for Merlinhawk that their across Europe, North America and Asia, Expleo teams work closely efforts have yielded results and a path breaking technology has been with customers to match individual business needs with the optimal developed in India. The product is currently undergoing certification mix of delivery options; ensuring the right delivery to complete testing and the company is working on the integration of the system projects quickly, successfully and with the most return on investment. onto an airborne platform. This technology is a result of the extensive In essence when it comes to Aerospace, Expleo is a trusted partner efforts by an MSME organisation and the company’s contribution covering all aspects of engineering including Aerostructures, Aero towards the Make in India concept of the Government of India. The Engines, Avionics and System Integration. development cost was completely funded by Merlinhawk. Expleo has a significant engineering footprint in India employing Presently the SSDVRS is imported at a very high cost. Now an over 2,300 engineers with competency centres operating from indigenous product available for installation on various platforms. Bangalore, Chennai and Pune. Expleo has created a robust ecosystem Additionally, there are large costs and turn-around time involved to in India for global Aerospace and Defence industry, placing the Indian provide support for the imported SSDVRS. engineering talent at the heart of Make In India and helping deliver Merlinhawk’ s offering is a 100% Indian technology and falls offset commitments for OEM several customers in India. in the category of IDDM as defined in the DPP and the GOI policy of in-house Development full long-term support in the country. Merlinhawk’s SSDVRS has been selected for display in the INDIAN • High Quality continuous recording for four hours from all the PAVILION at AERO INDIA 2019 showcasing Indian technologies. The channels fully functional system is on display and all are invited to see the • Video files recorded using standard file format functionality of the product at Merlinhawk Booth in HAL E 1.09-010 . • On board Playback • Simple Ground stations as the playback can be done using any Features of Merlinhawk SSDVRS standard computer/Laptop. Merlinhawk SSDVRS is a 6-channel recorder based on the current The system can be configured for various platforms including the generation hardware and software standards to support the 15+ below listed platforms . years life cycle of the product. Encrypted recording and quick erase Fighters - Su-30, Mig-27, Hawk , Mig-21, LCA. features are available as standard. The system is modular and can be Helicopters - ALH, LCH, MI-17. configured from 1 to 6 channels of video with the fully loaded system Merlinhawk is fully capable of undertaking installation, integration, weighing under 4 Kg. This modularity allows us to configure the aircraft modification, and setting up the complete support system system for a variety of Fighters, Helicopters and transport aircraft. within the country for the SSDVRS and many other avionics systems. • 6 Video Channels Over the years, Merlinhawk has designed, developed, produced • 2 Channels of MIL-1553 Interface and integrated several Airborne products, GSE and High-Tech Testers • 8 Avionics discrete inputs for various platforms and also providing indigenous solutions for all • Removable Memory Module segments of the Indian Armed Forces, HAL, Para Military Forces and • Synchronized recording of Video, Audio & Data channels Civil Operators. 8 Apply your brilliant thinking to a world-class qualiﬁ cation

The Indian Aerospace industry is witnessing unprecedented growth and demand for specialist skills has never been greater. Cranﬁ eld University is at the forefront of the global aerospace technology industry and provides world-class postgraduate education. A qualiﬁ cation from us will help your career soar.

Here are a few of our MScs:

• Aerospace Vehicle Design • Thermal Power Come and visit us at Aero India, • Aerospace Dynamics Bengaluru 20-24 February 2019, • Astronautics and Space Engineering UK Pavilion, Hall A, Pod A3.2, • Computational and Software Techniques in or contact: Engineering T: +44 (0)1234 758083 • Autonomous Vehicle Dynamics and Control E: studyaerospace@cranﬁ eld.ac.uk • Computational Fluid Dynamics • Advanced Lightweight Structures and Impact. www.cranﬁ eld.ac.uk

9 Make II: A Smooth Ride for Private Defence Firms

Make-II, an industry-funded initiative, involves prototype Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) by SHQs. The second list contains the projects which development of equipment/ system/ platform or their are at exploratory stages and the process of preliminary feasibility study is underway. upgrades or their sub-systems/ sub-assembly/assemblies/ The simplification of Make II procedure aims components, primarily for import substitution/innovative at encouraging participation of private sector in defence design and production as well as solutions, for which no Government funding is provided. give a boost to Make in India programme in Defence Sector. Make II procedure prescribes long with the Make in India initiative, assembly/assemblies/ components, primarily guidelines to develop and manufacture the Government of India has for import substitution/innovative solutions, defence equipment through Indian industry. Abeen laying emphasis on ‘Make’ for which no Government funding is provided The revised procedure will make the category of capital acquisition in Defence for prototype development purposes. procedure industry friendly, with minimal Procurement Procedure (DPP). It is a vital In February 2018, the Government notified government control. It will now allow Defence pillar for realising the vision behind ‘Make a separate, simplified procedure for sub- Ministry to accept suo motu proposals from in India’, fostering indigenous capabilities category Make-II which has many industry- industry and also allow start-ups to develop through design & development of required friendly provisions. equipment for armed forces. defence equipment/product/systems or Industry can now submit their proposals Under the new criteria, the minimum upgrades/ sub-systems/components /parts directly to Nodal officers of the Service qualification criteria to participate in Make by both public and private sector industry/ Head-Quarters (SHQ) concerned under this II projects also was relaxed by removing organization in a faster time frame. procedure as per the prescribed format. conditions related to credit rating and ‘Make’ Procedure has two sub-categories. Interested Indian companies may assess reducing financial net worth criteria. Now The first is Make-I, which is Government project specific details and carry out all vendors meeting criteria will be allowed funded. Projects under the sub-category preliminary assessment regarding their to participate in prototype development involve Government funding of 90%, released technical capability to undertake these process instead of only two vendors earlier. in a phased manner and based on the projects and economic viability of the project In addition, there will be no need to submit progress of the scheme, as per terms agreed and respond accordingly. detailed project report between Ministry of Defence and the vendor. The Make-II projects listed on the website After accord of approval by DAC, all The other is ‘Make-II’, an industry- have been divided into two lists. The first clearances will be accorded by SHQ which will funded initiative. Projects under Make-II list contains the potential ‘Make’ projects also set up project facilitation teams to hand- category involve prototype development for which ‘Approval -in-Principle (AIP)’ has hold the industry. of equipment/ system/ platform or their been accorded as per new Make-II procedure The revised procedure has been finalized upgrades or their sub-systems/ sub- and are being progressed for accord of after a series of consultations held with 10 IT’S ALL IN THE DETAILS

11 companies could pick up a project from the list of 44 potential ‘Make’ projects and approach the SHQ without waiting for the latter to solicit proposals from the industry. However, the SHQs have to obtain the approval of the competent authority before permitting the project to be undertaken as this requirement has not been done away with for ‘Make II’ projects. With practically no basis, except for the suo motu proposals, the task of seeking approval of the competent authority could become more onerous. With the relaxation in eligibility criteria and the startups being permitted to participate, the SHQs could get flooded with a large number of proposals, creating a choke point, as each of these proposals will need to be examined before seeking the approval of the competent authority for the proposed projects. industry. proposals from MSMEs, including start- This could take the focus away from the The potential Make-II projects will be ups, under the simplified Make II Defence projects identified by the SHQs. The focus approved by a collegiate comprising DRDO, Procurement Procedure over the last six could get further diluted because of the DAC’s HQ (IDS) and Department of Defence under months. One of the proposals has been decision to lift the existing restriction on a committee chaired by Secretary (Defence accepted by the Indian Army. limiting the number of development agencies Production). Based on the in-principle Kumar said the simplified Make II procedure to two per project. approval agreed by this committee, the will bring innovative solutions in the defence Lifting of this restriction also has a financial projects will be hosted on Ministry of industry and help bring down imports. implication. Under the existing procedure Defence/Department of Defence Production’s “In the last six months, 25 in-principle the entire cost of prototype development in website inviting industry to participate. approvals have been issued and six EoIs ‘Make II’ projects is required to be reimbursed There will be no limit to the number of (Expression of Interest) have been floated. to the successful developers if the Request industry who may respond to the EoI for These are large numbers, considering the for Proposal (RfP) for the product is not development of the prototype subject to usual time delays in defence procurement,” issued within two years of the successful meeting the minimum qualification criteria. he said. development of the prototype. This means The design and development time of 12 to This has helped bring down the timeline for that MoD may end up making reimbursement 30 weeks is granted to industry to offer the defence procurement by nearly one-third. to a large number of the developing agencies prototypes. Features of Make II include, giving the for the same project if for some reason it is After this period, a commercial RFP will be option to the SHQs to accept and process the unable to issue the RfP within two years. issued. Once the RFP is issued, it shall not be proposed development initiative even if a Experts have also said that SHQs will only retracted. The company that wins the bid is single individual or firm offers an innovative have a minor role to play in identification of assured of an order. solution. The project will not be foreclosed the projects, carrying out feasibility studies, SHQ will constitute a Project Facilitation after it is sanctioned, except ‘on default by the or laying down the Preliminary Services Team for facilitating the process under this vendor, to ensure that the successful vendor Qualitative Requirements. They will also not procedure. has assured orders’. be able to monitor prototype development The case will be progressed even if there is Project facilitation teams will be set up at the with reference to a Detailed Project Report single entity offering an innovative solution. SHQs to act as the primary interface between (DPR) prepared by the developing agencies The company that develops the product will them and the industry during the design and before undertaking the project as this retain the title and ownership and all other development stage and to provide technical requirement has also been done away with. rights in intellectual property. However, for inputs, trial infrastructure and other facilities The ‘Make’ projects carry the inevitable risk some specified reasons like National Security, required by the developers. of failure. In ‘Make II’ projects, this risk is borne Government shall have ‘March-in’ rights. SHQs can hire domain experts/consultants by the developing agencies. The projects are Normally, there shall be no negotiations by from the private sector to increase the undertaken by them on their own volition Contract Negotiation Committee (CNC) in outreach and enhance awareness among the without any funding from the government. multi-vendor contracts. industry. Therefore, there is no question of the MoD Make-II procedure reduces the total time However, it has been pointed out that ordering foreclosure of any such project. from in-principle approval to placing of order the decision to allow suo motu proposals is In another curious decision, SHQs will by 50 percent. The estimated time to finish somewhat puzzling. This is because it could be permitted to hire domain experts and the whole process has come down to 69 to mean that instead of the Indian companies consultants from the private sector to increase 103 weeks. working on the projects identified by the the outreach and enhance awareness among Projects involving developmental cost of armed forces based on their priorities they the industry. It is not clear what specific less than Rs 3 crore will be reserved for MSME. will now be free to set the agenda by making role they will play in the context of ‘Make II’ Ajay Kumar, Secretary, Department of proposals which do not figure in the list projects which will be driven almost entirely Defence Production, said recently that drawn up by the forces. by the developing agencies themselves till the defence sector received 50 suo motu The decision could also mean that the the stage of user trials. 12 13 Agility is the key to success in the fourth industrial age By Aravind Melligeri Chairman & CEO, Aequs

innovation. One such important is possible to reach for high innovation that has had a flexibility by making innovative sizeable impact is the Flexible technical and organizational Manufacturing System (FMS). efforts. By implementing FMS, FMS is generally regarded as manufacturers are able to make a method of automation for products ranging from cars producing goods that is readily to aviation components on adaptable to changes in the movable pallets rather than on product being manufactured, an assembly line. In other words, both in type and quantity. But the process gains in flexibility. it is much more than that. It is a The entire system derives more means by which we can change flexibility when it uses multi- our way of life for the better. FMS skilled operators who have the can create precise customer value ability to switch seamlessly from through goods of higher quality, one kind of task to another. in a scale dictated by demand, Aequs, for instance, has set and with exact precision. By up an FMS cell to cater to the calling for less human effort, less high demand of parts by major space, time and lesser capital industry players like Airbus and he digital era we are living spheres. than traditional systems of mass PAG. It is the first of its kind in in is widely considered In the digital age, it is not the production, FMS offers paradigm India in the aerospace sector Tto be shaped by the strongest or the biggest but the changes in efficiency. that enables Aequs to achieve Fourth Industrial revolution. agile and the most adaptable FMS technology comes in industry-leading agility. While Every preceding revolution businesses that thrive and several forms but, fundamentally the concept is simple, FMS cells was transformative, but the survive. True business leaders unprecedented pace of change and real innovators are those this revolution is effecting can who grasp this ever-changing be called disruptive. While dynamic and are able the ride the the First Industrial Revolution wave of disruption. harnessed the power of water In the manufacturing sector, and steam to move machines, that translates into the ability to the Second, in the late 1800s and be able to make not just multiple early 1900s relied on electricity products in roughly the same to mass manufacture goods. In sector, but in diverse categories it is two or more machining require more effort upfront to set the 1980s and 1990s, abetted employing pretty much the centers linked by a common up but, once established, they are by electronics and the power of same resources—manpower, controller, common load station, much easier to manage and far computing, the Third Revolution space, machinery and material. and a pallet pool system. An more productive than standalone witnessed largescale automation What differentiate the winners FMS requires highly engineered machines, a major shift in of production and the ability to from also-rans are flexibility solutions such that parts can machining and engineering churn out goods of the kind and and agility. The Aerospace and flow through the system with technology for manufacturers. volumes unimaginable a few Defense (A&D) sector in particular perfect harmony and little- Technology will make 100% decades ago. The foundations of is faced with disruptive forces to-no operator intervention. inspection feasible, enabling the Fourth Industrial Revolution that have a profound effect on It can economically solve the faster process adjustment. are built on the Third but it how the industry operates. challenges of machining the Computer diagnosis improves amalgamates technology that Technology and automation relatively high mix, low volume estimation of machine failure and blurs the lines between the are revolutionizing production, product variety we currently see makes international coordination physical, digital, and biological distribution, consumption and in A&D manufacturing. FMS’s and control of manufacturing full benefits are attainable only facilities possible. with a complete commitment to In the digital age, where the flexibility at every level. This yields world is your market, if you are best results when a production not flexible and agile, you are system is under complete destined to be consigned to the control of FMS technology. pages of history. Agility remains Being cognizant of the process- the key to sustainability for every product matrix businesses may organization. realize that for an industry it 14 15 Su-30MKI – Ideal Example of ‘Make in India’

Russian Navy announced, that purchases of Su-30SM aircraft would continue. Four aircraft were delivered to Kazakhstan, which has selected Su-30SM as the only perspective fighter of its air force. According to local experts, the total number of Su- 30SMs in the Air Force of Kazakhstan will be increased to 36, of which 12 are already in service. After the start of deliveries to Belarus, the number of countries-operators of the Su-30MKI/MKM /SM family of fighters rises to six. It is expected that Armenia and Russian Knights aerobic team on Su-30SMs Myanmar will become new customers of the Su-30 fighters. There were reports on The Su-30MKI, one of the advanced Russian-made fighter aircraft, negotiations with these countries in Russian is conquering new markets globally. The number of countries media. It should be noted that if the plans of using Su-30MKI is increasing greatly including India, where it is Armenia are implemented, the Su-30SM will become the standard main fighter of all the one of most lethal assets of the Indian Air Force. India’s Hindustan countries of the Collective Security Treaty Aeronautics Limited (HAL) continues the serial production of Su- Organization - the main military alliance in 30MKI fighters. At the same time, the pace of overhaul of Su- which Russia participates. 30MKI, which is carried out exclusively by Indian enterprises, is India’s Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) continues the serial production of Su- increasing. Taking into account potentially new customers, the total 30MKI fighters. At the same time, the pace output of Su-30 family fighter at the HAL and IRKUT production of overhaul of Su-30MKI, which is carried facilities, will exceed the milestone of 500 aircraft. To be noted, both out exclusively by Indian enterprises, is corporations have by now manufactured about the same number increasing. Taking into account potentially new customers, the total output of Su- of fighters and have a chance to maintain this parity in the future. 30 family fighter at the HAL and IRKUT Such a ratio suggests that the Su-30MKI program is an outstanding production facilities, will exceed the example of the implementation of the “Make in India” strategy. milestone of 500 aircraft. To be noted, both corporations have by now manufactured Radhakrishnan about the same number of fighters and he Sukhoi Su-30MKI, the twinjet became the most numerous modern Russian have a chance to maintain this parity in the multirole air superiority fighter fighter and their total number exceeded 110. future. Such a ratio suggests that the Su- Tdeveloped by Russia, is one of the In January 2019, major general Igor Kozhin, 30MKI program is an outstanding example most superior fighter aircraft in the present the Commander of Naval aviation of the of the implementation of the “Make in India” day. The Su-30MKI and other fighter from SM family are being procured by several countries to beef up their air fleet proves its mettle. In mid-2018, Yuri Slyusar, the president of United Aircraft Corporation and IRKUT Corporation, said: “The Su-30 family has good prospects; the aircraft had been supplied to a large number of countries and will be sold more.” In December 2018, his forecast was confirmed. The MoD of Belarus officially announced the start of deliveries of Su- 30SM aircraft in 2019. Earlier it was reported that that country would buy from the IRKUT Corporation 12 such fighters. In 2018, IRKUT delivered to its customers 18 Su-30SM fighters. The Russian Aerospace forces and naval aviation of the Russian Navy received 14 out of this number. Su-30SM Su-30MKI fitted with BrahMos missile 16 strategy. There are several factors that explain the global success of the Su-30MKI/SM family of fighters. First of all, it is a unique efficiency/ cost ratio. With the same combat capabilities, the Su-30 is two to three times cheaper than its competitors. This is the result of large serial production, stable international cooperation, well-established production lines in India and Russia. In the work on the project for 15 years, a qualified team of workers, engineers, managers, test pilots has been formed. Such a team is in fact a part of national treasure that must be protected and multiplied. The Su-30MKI’s popularity had been increased during numerous international exercises held in various geographical areas - from Alaska to Australia. Su-30MKI, being operational by skilled pilots of the Indian Air Force, successfully completed the most modern fighters in the world. In turn, the Russian Su-30SMs revealed their potential Su30SM fighter of the Russian AF in flight and demonstrated high reliability in the actual combat environment. Its profound analysis has allowed to supersonic missiles. This complex in the world Russia in 2018 at the initiative of the Russian charting ways to improve the aircraft. has no equal in effectiveness and ability to MoD. In this context, it is appropriate to Another argument in favor of the Su-30MKI/ overcome the air defense system. combine the capacities and efforts of the two SM family is its huge modernisation potential. The second is the expansion of the arsenal countries in further development of Su-30MKI Currently, two major modernisation projects of high-precision weapons of Su-30SM and Su-30SM fighter jets, which will form the are being developed in parallel. The first fighters, the improvement of avionics and backbone of the combat aviation of India and of them is the equipment of the Su-30MKI the installation of more powerful engines. Russia in the foreseeable time. aircraft of the IAF with BrahMos heavy This modernisation program was launched in

VISIT US AT AERO INDIA 2017, STAND А 2.3.4

United Engine Corporation 16 Budennogo Av., Moscow, Russia 105118 Tel./fax: +7 (499) 558-01-26 www.uecrus.com

17 A Case for Civil Aviation Offsets for Growth of Aeronautics in India

Naresh Palta & Dr. CG Krishnadas Nair aviation growth in India, the civil Airbus and Boeing release Abstract Skies Policy launched in 1991 as offsets have not been leveraged market forecast for airliners Commercial aircraft purchases a part of economic liberalization adequately. The Defence Offset periodically. For 20 years from in India have not taken benefit had resulted in several Policy on the other hand has 2017 to 2036, Airbus forecast of Offsets although 130 countries enterprises entering commercial made a provision in 2011 for for India is 1750 airliners worth have reaped the benefits. In the aviation to supplement the PSU civil aircraft products to be about $255 billion (Airbus 2018 case of Government purchases airlines, Air India and Indian considered as offsets (DPP 2012). a). Forecast by Boeing is for 2100 Counter Trade has been used Airlines. Out of many airlines that In comparison with India, Brazil, planes, worth approximately $ through export of commodities started operations from then China, Israel, Japan, South Korea 290 billion (Boeing 2017). Boeing or other unrelated products. on, presently only Jet Airways, have been very focussed on this had later issued a caution in Only for 111 aircraft purchased Vistara, Indigo, Spice Jet, Go Air, great potential for getting aircraft March 2018 that limitations of assembly lines in their countries airports infrastructure would by the airliner manufacturers and have impact on their projections have created strong industrial (PTI 2018). The data collated for capabilities and infrastructure airline order booking shows that for civil aircraft design & 998 aircraft are on order so far, development and manufacture. with value of approx. $ 101 billion They have also created extensive (Table 1), confirming the trend of MRO capabilities. forecasts. For airport infrastructure, OFFSETS CONCEPT IN INDIA under the NABH Nirman Acceptance of Offsets in India plan announced in the 2018- Dr. CG Krishnadas Nair Naresh Palta happened only in early years 19 budget, 100 new airports of this millennium, while many are planned by the Airport for Air India and Indian Airline in and Air Asia are operational, countries have reaped their Authority of India (AAI) over 10 2006, offsets were announced. apart from Air India, which has benefits since decades. For years (Kakkar 2018). Minister But actual fulfilment is not Indian Airlines merged into it. purchase of civil airliners Counter of Civil Aviation had informed known. The present airline fleets in India Trade arrangements had been in that AAI would invest Rs 1000 So far India does not have consist of aircraft from Airbus, use for quite some time, which billion in 5 years for new a Civil Offsets Policy. The ATR, Boeing, and Bombardier. were handled by STC. The efforts airports and modernization / quantum jump in aviation The Government of India had of some domain leaders led to operationalization of additional demand being witnessed and adopted the concept of Offsets acceptance of offsets condition airports under UDAN (Ude Desh huge forecast for new aircraft in Defence purchases, inclusive of for purchases of airliners by the Ka Aam Naagrik) scheme. Total highlight opportunity for offsets. aircraft purchases, as a Defence PSU airlines Air India and Indian investment planned in 15 years is Government is planning large Offsets Policy in 2005. However, Airlines (Palta and Nair 2018). Rs.5000 to 6000 billion (ET 2018). outlay for airport infrastructure for the commercial aircraft Offset In 2006, Ministry of Commerce India therefore is set for and the aircraft on order by policy has not been made so far. announced appointment of STC quantum leap in Civil Aviation. the private airlines are 1000, Globally offsets have been as Nodal Agency to manage indicating offset leverageleveraged by many countries, offsets in respect of 111 airliners WHY IS CIVIL OFFSETS of around USD 75 billion, an with the objective of availing imported by the 2 national POLICY ESSENTIAL? opportunity India cannot lose. investments and growth of carriers. (PIB 2006). According to Adoption of offsets by 130 The Government must clinch it, technology and industrial the Outcome Budget 2006-07 of countries is a testimony to their emulating Brazil, China, Japan, infrastructure, skill and the MOCA , the Offset potential utility for attaining desired South Korea, and Israel. knowledge build up, and was USD 2.66 billion. There is no objectives by a buyer nation. increasing jobs in the buyer direct information available on Mowery (1999) is of the opinion INTRODUCTION nation. Mathew 2009 states that the achievement of these offsets that without offering offsets it Commercial Aviation in India 130 countries have adopted even after more than a decade. may not be feasible to make sales commenced as early as 1932 offsets. to other countries. Bose (2009) with a private sector airline, Tata The nineties saw concerted CIVIL AVIATION PURCHASES supports it, though differently, Airlines which transformed into efforts by some domain leaders Since the launch of Open Skies that even though Offsets may Air India and grew as a World’s for institution of Offsets for Policy in 1991 the commercial not always be asked for airliner leading airline. But after its airliner purchases. The result was aviation in India has seen many purchase, the probability of win takeover by the Government that the Ministry of Civil Aviation ups and downs. The DGCA List increases if a manufacturer offers of India in 1946, this sector (MOCA) accepted it and made of Aircraft Operator Certificate offsets. remained in Public Sector till the the State Trading Corporation (DGCA 2018) had 7 private airlines Even though private airlines early nineties. (STC) responsible. However, with a fleet of 413 aircraft as on 01 have a current fleet of 413 The Indian Government’s Open despite the exponential surge in May 2018. airliners, absence of a civil offsets 18 19 policy has led to losing the industries and new entrants for to sub-contract part of the work military helicopters and aircraft, opportunity for leverage. civil aircraft manufacture. to private industries. It is to be using the offset route (Nair 2014). Only some data is available for At Table 2 the various noted that due to cost pressure e. A country that has the 111 airliners (approx. USD capabilities of Indian industry aerospace majors are focussed effectively leveraged both 9.89 billion) bought by AI and IA in commercial aircraft space, on India. This is a testimony for defence and civil offsets for in 2006, with equivalent offsets confirm that a good foundation the Indian cost competitiveness. obtaining technology is Israel. of USD 2.66 billion. The lone has been laid. In net terms, Offsets would rather Their integrated policy known document reference for these is Defence Offsets and higher give cost savings to the OEM as industrial partnership, applies the Outcome Budget 2006-07 FDI limit of 49%, have together supplier of commercial aircraft. to private and government 0f MOCA. No data on the status motivated 23 Joint Ventures by Private operators also have a purchases. of performance is available. OEMs. view that their purchases are Hence, the need for transparency This indicates that OEMs are through private money. Data Potential: Avenues for the for industry, through a Policy keen to make investments in for Indigo, Jet Airways and offsets can be in the following document. India and to transfer knowledge, Spice Jet, reveals considerable areas: technology and global business public contributions in a. Major assemblies of 4.1 National Civil Aviation here. different proportions, as at civil aircraft, engines and systems, Policy: In 2016 MOCA had Sourcing into India by Airbus Table 3. Therefore, since a large aimed ultimately at complete released the National Civil and Boeing has crossed USD contribution is indirectly from aircraft. These production lines Aviation Policy. The policy has not 1 billion mark. Other major the Tax Payers, national goals would not result in higher costs, given attention to measures for aerospace leaders like GE should be prime for decision to since the investments in and commercial aircraft manufacture Aviation. Lockheed Martin, Rolls adopt civil offsets. sales from these lines would be and relevant eco-system. It only Royce, Safran Group are also taken against offset obligations, refers to offset eligibility for civil positioning in India for its cost Lessons from Offset in addition to profitability from aircraft products under defence effectiveness. Most of it is for Successes of other nations these low-cost ventures. offsets. It is essential to make a civil aircraft, a confirmation of The successful leverage of b. According to NCAP well-defined civil offset policy to the competitiveness. In fact the offsets by many countries has 2016, limited MRO facilities in specify desired targets, road map first milestone was when in the happened through very strong India are resulting that 90% of and time frame for achievement. MRO business of Rs. 50 billion is benefiting Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Investments Plans in Singapore, UAE etc. Therefore, Airliners and Airports MRO facilities can be one offset A thousand aircraft already on avenue. These can also be order, coupled with the forecasts extended to serve the Asia Pacific for future aircraft needs, can yield region. Partnership in such MROs offset potential of at least USD 75 will be an opportunity for airlines. billion. This must be leveraged c. Production of Spares in for creation of a strong industrial India would give cost reductions, infrastructure, because this is a nineties HAL won Airbus A302/ backing from their governments which OEMs should be expected valuable opportunity India can A321 Doors and Boeing 757 for private and public industries. to share with the airlines in India. ill-afford to lose. Emergency Windows. Some cases to illustrate are: d. Expansion of industrial India’s aircraft manufacture was a. In 1987 McDonnell eco system for commercial sector an early starter in 1940, followed Myth of Cost of Offsets Douglas (Now part of Boeing) would benefit the skillset range, by aircraft development from A myth perpetuated is that built a production line in that can cross fertilize aviation 1952 onwards. But, today in the cost of aircraft increases due to Shanghai, China for MD-92 and aircraft manufacture sectors. commercial aircraft segment offset management costs. This aircraft. India does not have a footing. leads airlines to believe that they b. Airbus assembly facility 5. CONCLUSIONS Late entrants like Brazil, China, won’t get better prices if offsets in Tianjin, China in 2008 for A 320 5.1 Lack of Civil Offset Japan, Indonesia have moved far are included. However, the fact aircraft (Airbus 2018b). Policy: Absence of a laid down ahead to develop own aircraft. is that the lower Indian costs for c. Making a beginning Civil Offset Policy has resulted in Now the massive investments manufacture of component & with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries losing offset opportunities worth envisaged both for airliner structure more than compensate to start work on Boeing airliners, approximately USD 12 billion in purchases and for airports for the attendant costs of offsets. Kawasaki Heavy Industries and the past. would give exponential boost to Specific data of comparison Subaru industry are all now major 5.2 Capabilities & Potential: commercial aviation. This is also with other countries was Structures builders for Boeing Indian aerospace industry has a massive Offsets opportunity demonstrated by HAL to the aircraft. Japan in turn had all- taken good steps for creation of from airports investments of the MOCA and MOD in the nineties. Boeing fleet till recent years (Nair industrial infrastructure and skills. order of Rs. 5000 to 6000 billion HAL demonstrated international 2014). Airbus too is now following Foreign companies also have in 15 years. competitiveness by winning of the same route to capture Japan vouched for their confidence Airbus-320 Doors contact in 1989 market. in India through many Joint 4.3 Capabilities towards on a global competitive bid basis, d. Korea formed a JV in Ventures and enlarged sourcing manufacture for Civil aircraft much before the offset clause 1999 of its various companies for Commercial programmes. Inclusion of Civil Aircraft was introduced. as Korean Aircraft Industry to 5.3 Future Opportunities: parts under defence offsets The contract has grown over the become a lead Tier1 for Boeing, The current orders for 1000 has encouraged incumbent years and today HAL is even able in addition to production of aircraft, coupled with estimates 20 21 for further demand in next 10 years, could lead to offset opportunity of USD 75 billion. These should be a driver for a Civil Offset Policy to be promulgated at the earliest. 5.4 Offsets for Private Sector Purchases: Considerable public money contribution to the private airlines and huge investment planned by AAI for enhancing airports infrastructure in terms of numbers and upgrades justify that private airlines purchases and investments in airports should be utilised for benefitting aerospace and aviation growth through offsets. 5.5 International competitiveness of Indian industry is a measure that through offsets net costs would get lowered for aircraft suppliers. Thus using Indian resources for cost downs for their own programmes would give OEMs extra incentive because of Offsets. 5.6 The quantum growth envisaged in India’s commercial aviation is an opportunity to emulate successes of China, Japan, Brazil, etc. to push for aircraft assembly lines through Civil Offsets.

6. RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 Priority for formulating a Civil Offsets Policy at the earliest. Objective has to be enhance capabilities for development of aircraft and systems, and production infrastructure for civil aircraft products for Indian as well as global market. 6.2 Indian Industry should be Airfields/ Air Navigation equipment,and procedures should empower airlines, given incentives through Civil Offsets for and Airport Builders should be taken as airports, and suppliers, and manufacturing partnership in design with foreign Sellers. investment partners ‘under the offset industry, to decide best and agile options for 6.3 Investment or partnership in new scheme’ for indigenous programs like achievement of results, while ensuring that MRO set ups should be an offset avenue. Regional Transport Aircraft, development of their operations are not impinged by over Airlines should be encouraged to partner in new Airports and Systems etc. to give boost control. these facilities, which will help bring down to Make-in-India. MRO costs. 6.6 Mandate private operators to A Case for Civil Aviation Offsets for 6.4 Mandate aircraft suppliers to set up create an SPV (Special Purpose Vehicle) or Growth of Aeronautics in India production lines in India for major modules a Consortium for professionally managing of airliners, like fuselage or wing assemblies Civil Offsets aimed at building enhanced Authors : or sub-assemblies of engines. Currently more technological capabilities in all segments of Naresh Palta than 100 regional aircraft have been ordered. aeronautics. PhD Research Scholar, Dept. of Management This is an opportunity to have a production 6.7 Policy framework should Studies, Jain University, Bangalore line here. hinge upon national objectives vis-à-vis Co-Chairman Offsets Committee, Society 6.5 Foreign vendors for Airports/ technology, capabilities and products. Rules of Indian Aerospace Technologies and Industries (SIATI), Bangalore. CEO (Aerospace & Aviation), Maini Group, Bangalore. E-mail: [email protected], naresh. [email protected]

Dr. C G Krishnadas Nair, Former MD & Chairman, Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd Prof. Indian Institute of Aerospace Engg. & Management, and Chancellor, Jain University, Bangalore. Hon. President, Society of Indian Aerospace Technologies and Industries (SIATI), Bangalore. 22 23 ADVERTORIAL COURSES OFFERED BY ORIENT FLIGHT ACADEMY • Private Pilot’s License A MILE OF HIGHWAY WILL TAKE YOU A MILE, • Commercial Pilot’s License • Pilot Orientation Programme A MILE OF RUNWAY WILL • Instrument Rating • BBA Aviation • Type Training - Engineering 737, A320 Bombardier TAKE YOU ANYWHERE! • Type Training - Flying 737, A320 Bombardier COURSES ENHANCEMENT TRAINING With the Aviation Industry witnessing a major growth in the last few • Assistant Flight Instructors Rating • Flight Instructors Rating years, there is a great demand for pilots, cabin crew, and ground staff. • Renewals of Pilot’s License Orient Flights Aviation Academy in Mysuru, Karnataka, has excellent training facilities in accordance with the DGCA norms. The Chairman COURSES OFFERED BY CIVIL AVIATION ACADEMY • Cabin Crew Training Programme of the academy, Dr. AnAnD JACOb VerGhese shares his vision for the • Ground Staff Training Programme school and the promising career prospects. read through to know more • IATA Certified Courses about their latest international collaborations and courses too!

he first half of the 1990s was an in- opportunities to take it higher. The only teresting time for the Indian aviation requirement that remains is skilled work industry. The declaration of ‘Open force. Sky Policy’ in 1991 and the modifi- To meet the demand of the industry and cationsT made in the Air Corporations Act to provide its trainees the latest technol- in 1994 had unlocked the sector for private ogy, Orient Flights Aviation Academy will players, opening up the market to intense augment its fleet with the induction of a competition in the sector. Late, Dr. K. C. G. couple of multi engine and single engine Verghese, a visionary who built the Hin- aircrafts and an ALX Simulator before the dustan Group of Institutions, was keen on end of this year. these developments in the aviation sector. The CPL Course at Orient Flights Aviation He was the pioneer who started the ‘Air Taxi’ Academy is structured for 18 months. Ori- services with operations between cities like ent Flights Aviation Academy in collabora- Chennai, Cochin, Mumbai etc. tion with FlightPath International, a Canadi- Orient Flights Aviation Academy, a part an-based ATO, plans to take training to the of the Hindustan Group of Institutions, next level by offering a full range of Avia- has courses designed keeping in mind the tion Training, from Ab-Initio to Airline Type changing requirements of the aviation in- Certification. dustry with specialized IATA certified cur- FlightPath Canada will now bring to India, riculum and practical training programs at its expertise from serving over 150 airlines state-of-the-art facilities, thereby putting in over 60 countries on every major aircraft candidates high on the placement line. Type of the Boeing, Airbus, Bombardier Orient Flights offers fully integrated DGCA and Embraer fleets. Collectively, Orient and approved courses. Equipped with excellent FlightPath will enhance Competency Based training on modern Aircraft and Simulators Performance Training from Ab-Initio to they have trained more than 350 pilots un- Airline Type Rating Standards, in addition der highly qualified Flight Instructors. to MCC (Multi Crew Coordination), JIT (Jet The civil aviation industry in India has Induction Training), UPRT (LOC-I), Airline emerged as one of the fastest growing in- Captain Assessments and Upgrades, and dustries in the country. India is currently MPL. Top-end training devices support all considered the third largest domestic civil training; the cadet’s training experience is aviation market in the world. Owing to the simply unmatched. quick rise in the demands in the civil avia- Many airlines have been forced to can- tion industry, the industry is looking at ap- cel flights due to the shortage of pilots. prox. 2000 jobs for pilots alone. It is expect- This shortage must be met soon, without ed that another 925 aircraft will be added compromise to safety and quality. Orient in the next 5 years. The Aviation Industry Flights has a legacy of 25 years with an im- Orient Flights Private Limited is expected to witness more than Rs.1Lakh peccable safety record and over 45,000 fly- 1/40, Mount Poonamallee road, st.Thomas Mount, crore (US$ 15.52 Billion) worth investment ing hours. Pilots who have graduated from in the next five years. Orient Flights over the years have joined Guindy, Chennai 600 016. Chairman of Orient Flights Aviation Academy It is a fact that aviation in India is gaining airlines like, Emirates, Indigo, Air Asia, Jet Phone no. : 95662 36363 / 98406 74747 Dr. Anand Jacob Verghese a good growth and there are even more Airways etc. to name a few. Web: www.orientflights.com Kalyani Group and Belcan Announce Partnership

alyani Group and Belcan, Bhatia, President & CEO (Defence & LLC announced partnership Aerospace), Bharat Forge Limited. Kto provide highly advanced “We are excited to collaborate with technological product and service Kalyani Group to leverage our world offerings in Defence, Aerospace, class design expertise combined and other technical segments with Kalyani Group’s state of the in India. The companies will art manufacturing expertise. We work together in the design and will continue to investigate other development of helicopter engines synergistic opportunities in this and transmission systems in Defence space towards our mutual goal of and Aerospace, as well as collaborate becoming a key player in the global Czech Pavilion Opened on Advanced Manufacturing aerospace & defence domain,” said Mr. he Czech pavilion – booth no. 2.15 in practices and Digital Manufacturing Naveen Munnangi, General Manager hall F was inaugurated by Lubomir & Internet of Things solutions. & Whole-time Director, Belcan India. TMetnar, Minister of Defence of the Czech “This collaboration allows Kalyani “The growing aerospace and defence Republic. Milan Hovorka, Ambassador of the Group to dovetail the metallurgical industry in India presents many Czech Republic to India, Jiri Hynek, President of and manufacturing excellence of attractive opportunities for Belcan, and Defence Industry Association was also present. its flagship company Bharat Forge we are pleased to partner with Kalyani CzechTrade (the trading company), PBS (the Limited with cutting edge design Group to leverage our combined producer of Turbine engines and APUs), Eldis (the and engineering capabilities of strengths to develop our business producer of radars) are exhibiting in the pavilion. Belcan, LLC to deliver high quality capabilities across the region,” said This companies are at different stage of cooperation products and services to our Lance Kwasniewski, CEO of Belcan. with Indian partners. PBS has 150 of APUs build-up customers,” said Mr. Rajinder Singh in helicopters MI-17V5 flying for Indian air forces. 24 Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman visiting Alpha Design Technologies Stall at Aero India 2019. PINAKA : Rocket Launching System has export potential of warheads have been developed which conducted by the Indian Army from July includes RHE (restricted high explosive/ to October 2006. Three factories are dummy) for practice purpose, PF (pre-formed involved in the production of this system – fragments) and Incendiary. One of these 3 Ordnance Factory Itarsi manufactures the types of warheads is placed on the rocket. propellant, Ordnance Factory Ambajhari Electronics Corporation of India Limited takes care of the hardware and Ordnance (ECIL), Hyderabad has supplied the Factory Chanda carries out the filling. Electronic time fuze and proximity fuze Ordnance Factory Ambajhari manufactures for the Pinaka rocket. The lot size of the the warhead and propulsion system. It also rocket is 108. Every lot is dynamically carries out the integration and dynamical balanced and proof-tested at Pokhran. balancing of the complete rocket. The filling Only after satisfactory performance, is the of warheads & final integration is carried out Pinaka rocket issued to the Indian Army. in Ordnance Factory Chanda. The warhead is The system delivers accurate and massive filled with dentex which comprises Hexolite, fire power at a high rate over extended TNT, Aluminium powder and Paraffin ranges. A battery of six launchers can Wax, mixed in a specified ratio. Chanda fire a salvo of 72 rockets in 44 seconds has created infrastructure to manufacture Saurabh Kumar carrying a payload of 7.2 tons in the 5000 systems per annum from the existing DGOF & Chairman form of lethal warheads. They deliver up capacity of 2000 rockets per annum. Pinaka – the multi-barrel rocket launching Commencing from 2009, Ordnance (MBRL) system used by the Indian Army Factory Chanda has supplied more and developed by the Ordnance Factory than 7000 rockets (Pinaka Mark-I) to Board [OFB] in association with other Indian the Army. The error in accuracy and stakeholders integrates state-of-the-art consistency of the Rocket achieved during technologies for delivering a superior dynamic proof is less than 0.5% against combat performance. Pinaka, which in a maximum permissible limit of 2.14%. Indian mythology is known as the bow Pinaka Mark-II on the other hand has a of Lord Shiva, is an outcome of intensive single propulsion system (Motor Tube) with collaboration of the Defence Research to a range of 38 km and can effectively cast propellant and has a range up to 60 km. Development Organisation (DRDO), neutralise a target area of 1000 X 800 sq m Ordnance Factory Itarsi has carried out filling national level R&D units, academia, defence The major role of the weapon system is of the motor tube and has supplied it directly industry including OFB, DPSUs, corporate neutralisation / destruction of exposed troop to the Armament Research and Development majors, SMEs in the private sector and concentrations, B-vehicles, enemy guns, Establishment (ARDE). It is understood that technology firms at the international level. rocket and missile launcher locations and ARDE has carried out proof of this rocket. The Pinaka Multi Barrel Rocket System ammunition systems, among other targets. At the other end, Pinaka Mark-I (enhanced) is designed by DRDO. It is an all weather has a single propulsion system (Motor Tube) indirect free flight artillery rocket system. The Development with cast propellant and has a range up to The Pinaka rocket comprises a propulsion Regular production of the Pinaka 45 km. It has been decided that ARDE will system, a warhead, a fuze fixed on the nose system was taken up by the Ordnance provide ToT and the factory has to undertake and a wire harnessed pod. Different types Factories after the successful flight trial R&D projects and carry out the development. 25 MRSAM/LRSAM: Ultimate Protection against Airborne Threats

Innovation, creativity and remarkable personal dedication went into the development of MRSAM/ LRSAM air & missile defense system. Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) worked closely with India’s DRDO for the project. Avi Bleser, VP Marketing, Military Aircraft Group, IAI, gives more details

excellent manner both for Air Force and Army, together with our local partners in India. As known, in 2017 we signed a huge contract with Indian Army and as published lately we are about to start the training phase in this project. This is, in fact, a significant step. But, of course, this is a step behind the Air Force project for the land based system. IAI is very proud to actually have this advanced and unique system in operation both for the Avi Bleser Air Force and Army in its land VP Marketing, based version as well in the Navy Military Aircraft Group, IAI, in its Naval version. Israel and India are cooperating advanced seeker. MRSAM with for the Barak 8 air defence its naval and land versions is a How has the maritime version system. Could you tell us how the member of the elite club of the of the air defence project project started and evolved? most successful Israeli military progressed? We are very proud to work on developments in the world. In the last few months IAI has the co-development projects of The development of the system been awarded an additional the MRSAM/LRSAM air & missile is reflected in its innovation, mega-contract to supply LRSAM defense system along with the creativity and its remarkable Air & Missile Defense systems for DRDO for so many years. The personal dedication of all those seven ships of the Indian navy. MRSAM/LRSAM air & missile involved in the matter. The contract is led by Indian defense system is operational Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) state-owned company Bharat with the Indian Air Force (IAF), has conducted several successful milestone in the operational Electronics Limited (BEL) which Indian Navy (IN) and Israel tests of the MRSAM Air & Missile deployment of the system. We serves as the main contractor in Defense Forces and in the near Defense System in India. The see the BARAK 8 Air and Missile the project. Prior to this contract, future with the Indian Army. operational capabilities of Defense System as a major in 2017 IAI has been awarded an MRSAM is an advanced air and the MRSAM were successfully growth-engine for the company additional, contract for supply missile defense system which demonstrated in both trials held in the coming years. of LRSAM air & missile defense provides ultimate protection by the Indian Defence Forces The project is in advanced systems for four ships of the against a variety of airborne that completed a series of stage and we are coordinating Indian navy. threats, for both land and naval consecutive tests which reinforce the milestones ahead with our The LRSAM system is an scenarios. It was designed the impressive operational partners in India. The important operational AMD system used jointly with the DRDO (Defence capabilities of the system. vision of ‘Make in India’ is being by Israel’s navy as well as by Research and Development The recent trials benefit both made fully effective by this joint India’s navy, air and land forces. Organization) in India and is in the Indian and Israeli navies; effort with the DRDO and for It provides broad Aerial and point use with both the Israel Defense MRSAM System is the most several years. defense against a wide range of Force (IDF) and the Indian advanced of its kind, reflecting threats to the marine arena from defence forces. The system IAI’s resilience, advanced and What is the present status of the the air, sea or land. The system is includes an advanced Phased groundbreaking capabilities. land-based air defence system successfully tested in India as part Array digital radar, command The most recent tests were very project? of operational interception trial and control, vertical launchers successful (as were the previous The land based air defense program and we will continue to and missiles guided by a highly- tests) and marked a significant system is advancing in an work with our partners in India. 26 Leader in Indian Aerospace & Defence

The Hindustan Turboprop Trainer-40 (HTT-40) is an initiative under “Make in India” by HAL with an internal funding support. The indigenous content on HTT-40 is close to 80% and almost 50% of the components on HTT-40 are manufactured by private players of the Indian aerospace ecosystem.

www.hal-india.co.in

27 BDL focuses more on Exports,Signs MOU with THALES

V.Udaya Bhaskar Chairman and Managing Director, Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman visiting IAI Stall at Aero India BDL 2019. On the left: Eli Alfassi, IAI EVP Marketing also seen. n their quest for niche technology, BDL and Thales, have signed a Memorandum Iof Understanding to assess the opportunity for the Transfer of Technology of Starstreak Missile capability to India with the support of the UK government. Starstreak Missile is unique due to its three laser guided darts which cannot be jammed by any known counter measures. This would meet the challenge posed by Armed Forces to meet its future ATGMs requirements. V.Udaya Bhaskar, Chairman and Managing Director, Bharat Dynamics Ltd said that Starstreak will be the first Missile to role out of BDL under government’s Make-in-India programme. Defence Minister Evinces Interest BDL is also investing considerably in Research and Development as well as new in Naval Utility Helicopter (TD) infrastructure to augment production efence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman Role Trainer Aircraft (SPORT) simulator area facility of the current missiles and future visited HAL Stall at the on-going which is on display for the first time. HAL is technology absorption STARSTREAK MISSILE. DAero India 2019 and evinced keen to launch the indigenous development He said that BDL has transformed itself keen interest in HAL products displayed of SPORT with 4++ generation or equivalent from a company which is catering only to at the stall. She witnessed the complete capabilities to bridge the gap in pilot training the requirements of Indian Armed Forces demonstration of tail boom folding and to command front line fighters. The SPORT and now has become a global player main rotor folding of the Naval Utility aircraft will be utilized for fighter training meeting International defence needs. Helicopter (NUH) which is on display at HAL after Advanced Jet Training stage and before BDL has executed its maiden export pavilion as a Technology Demonstrator. induction into a frontline fighter squadron. order of Light Weight Torpedoes to one She also paid a visit to the Supersonic Omni of its friendly South Asian countries. Tejas handed over to IAF

he Defence Research Development clearance (IOC) was got in December 2013 aircraft.” The DRDO Chairman, Dr. Satheesh Organisation (DRDO) formally wherein avionics, sensor integration and Reddy congratulated the team and termed it Thanded over the final operational environmental clearances were accorded. a landmark day for aeronautical engineers. clearance (FOC) certificate and the release The Defence Secretary, Sanjay Mitra while The aircraft which has been flown by 45 to service document to the Indian Air handing over the FOC said it was a ‘proud squadron of the IAF has flown over 1,500 Force. The documents were presented day’. The Air Chief in response to a question sorties. The key features include beyond to the Chief of Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal, on the capability of Tejas said “The proof is in the range firing, air to air refuelling etc. The B.S.Dhanoa. The initial operational the pudding. The pilots are happy with the flying envelope has also been enhanced. 28 DRDO: A Glittering Track Record

The top research and development organisation meeting the needs of India’s armed forces, DRDO has been going from strength to strength

LCA programme. Other tasks equipment and assisted HAL include assisting the IAF with and the IAF with the local indigenisation of spares and manufacture of spares and equipment. assemblies for several aircraft. The DRDO has also developed DRDO laboratories have worked two unmanned aerial vehicles in coordination with academic (UAVs) – the Nishant tactical UAV institutes, the CSIR and ISRO for and the Lakshya (Target) Pilotless projects required for the Armed Target Aircraft (PTA). The Lakshya Forces. DRDO’s infrastructure is V.Udaya Bhaskar PTA has been ordered by all three also utilised by other research Chairman and Managing Director, services for their gunnery target organisations in India. BDL training requirements. DRDO has also cooperated Meanwhile, the DRDO is also with the state-owned Ordnance going ahead with its plans to Factories Board for producing its develop a new class of UAVs. items. They are called HALE (High A compact, low-cost and handy Altitude Long Endurance) and explosive detection kit has been MALE (Medium Altitude Long designed and perfected for field The Defence Research and MiG-27 and Sepecat Jaguar Endurance). The MALE UAV detection of traces of explosives. Development Organisation combat aircraft, along with the has been tentatively named The kit yields a colour reaction, (DRDO) has been playing a stellar manufacturer. the Rustom and will feature based on which explosives can role by carrying out research and The Aeronautical Development canards and carry a range of be detected in minutes. It is used development for India’s armed Agency of DRDO is responsible payloads, including optronic, for identification of all common forces since it was formed in for the design and development radar, laser designators and ESM. military, civil and home-made 1958. Here is a brief look at some of the fifth generation aircraft. The UAV will have conventional explosive compositions, and is of the major projects of DRDO. DRDO has also assisted landing and take-off capability. being used by Police and BSF. Among the crucial ongoing HAL in several programmes. Other tentative plans include In what has been termed a programmes of DRDO is the Light These include the HAL Dhruv converting the LCA into a UCAV “reverse technology transfer”, Combat Aircraft (LCA). The LCA is helicopter and the HAL HJT- (unmanned combat aerial the Explosive Detection Kit intended to provide the Indian 36. Over a hundred LRU (Line vehicle), and weaponising UAVs. widely used in India by bomb Air Force (IAF) with a modern, Replaceable Units) in the HJT- DRDO has been indigenising detection squads and the armed fly-by-wire, multi-role fighter. 36 have come directly from the key defence stores and forces since 2002, would be The LCA programme has helped DRDO to make great strides in the fields of avionics, flight control systems, aircraft propulsion and composite structures. Several new breakthroughs in aircraft design and development were also made. Another recent milestone of the DRDO is that it provided key avionics for the Sukhoi Su-30MKI programme under the ‘Vetrivel’ programme. Systems developed by DRDO include radar warning receivers, radar and display computers. DRDO’s radar computers, manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) are also being fitted into Malaysian Su-30s. The DRDO is part of the IAF’s upgrade programmes for its 29 manufactured and sold in the US. and fuze systems for the 450 kg projects revealed by the DRDO Patrol Radar with RS and ISAR The kit uses reagents to detect bomb used by strike aircraft, include the MAWS project which (XV-2004) and 3D Medium various chemicals present in 68 mm ‘Arrow’ for rocket pods leverages EADS hardware and Range Surveillance Radar for explosives. used in air-to-ground and a air- DRDO software to develop MAWS ASW Corvettes developed by the to-air 450 kg high-speed, low- systems for transport, helicopter DRDO are in production. Explosives drag (HSLD) bomb and practice and fighter fleets. DRDO also Another equipment deployed A new high explosive is in the bombs and escape aid cartridges has made laser warning systems is the Coastal Surveillance Radar making at a DRDO lab that could for Air Force aircraft. All these available. (CSR). replace other standard explosives items are in production. The DRDO is also developing DRDO has developed Central of the armed forces such as RDX, DRDO’s ARDE also developed an ESM project in cooperation Acquisition Radar, a state-of-the- HMX, FOX-7 and Amorphous other critical systems, such as with the IAF’s Signals Intelligence art planar array S-Band radar Boron. Scientists at the Pune- the Arjun Main Battle Tank’s 120 Directorate, under the name of operating on the stacked beam based High Energy Materials mm rifled main gun. The DRDO ‘Divya Drishti’. Additional DRDO principle. It is meant to be used Research Laboratory (HEMRL) is also a member of the trials EW projects delivered to the IAF by all three services. have already synthesised an teams for the T-72 upgrade and include the COIN A and COIN B Swordfish Long Range Tracking adequate quantity of CL-20, the its fire control systems. Earlier SIGINT stations. DRDO and BEL Radar, a 3D AESA was developed new explosive, in their laboratory. on, the DRDO also upgraded the developed ELINT equipment for with assistance from Elta of Israel The compound, ‘Indian CL-20’ Vijayanta medium tank with new the Air Force, installed on the and is similar to Elta’s proven or ‘ICL-20’, was indigenously fire control computers. service’s Boeing 737s and Hawker GreenPine long-range Active developed in HEMRL using For ECM stations, the Indian Siddeley Avro aircraft. DRDO Array radar. inverse technology. CL-20 is a Army has ordered its Signal has also developed a Radar 3D Multi-Function Control Radar Nitramine class of explosive 15 Corps to be a prime contributor Fingerprinting System for the IAF (MFCR) was developed as part of times as powerful as HMX. HMX in the design and development and the Navy. the Indian anti-ballistic missile itself is more than four times as stage, along with the DRDO’s programme in cooperation with potent as RDX. DLRL. The scale of this venture Radars THALES of France. The MFCR Pinaka multi barrel rocket is substantial – it comprises The DRDO work has resulted is an active phased array radar launcher of DRDO has seen COMINT and Electronic in substantial progress in India’s and complements the Swordfish significant success. For the intelligence stations which can ability to design and manufacture Long Range Tracking Radar, for system, DRDO cooperated monitor and jam different bands high power radar systems with intercepting ballistic missiles. extensively with the private for both voice/data as well as locally sourced components The ASLESHA radars of DRDO sector in India. Pinaka Mk1 radar transmissions. and systems. This began with have a range of approximately system, with rockets of up to 40 DRDO has developd radar the development of short-range 50 km against small fighter- km striking distance, has been warning receivers for the IAF of 2D systems (Indra-1) and now sized targets and will be able to successfully inducted in the the Tarang series. These have includes high power 3D systems determine their range, speed, Indian Army. been selected to upgrade most like LRTR intended for strategic azimuth and height. DRDO’s ARDE has developed 81 of the IAF’s aircraft such as MiG- purposes. A ‘hybrid’ MMR has been tested, mm and the 120 mm illuminating 21, MiG-29, Su-30 MKI, MiG-27 and Several other notable radar validated and will be supplied for bombs and 105 mm illuminating Jaguar as well as self-protection projects for the Army are in the initial LCA Tejas fighters. shells for the Army. upgrades for the transport fleet. production. Another initiative of DRDO A 51 mm Lightweight Infantry The DRDO has also developed a For the Air Force, DRDO’s is to indigenize components Platoon Mortar for the Indian High Accuracy Direction Finding Multifunction Phased Array and improved subsystems of Army is a man portable weapon. system (HADF) for Su-30 MKIs Radar and 3D Surveillance various other licence-produced The 51 mm mortar achieves which are fitted in the modular Radar for Akash Missile Weapon radars manufactured at BEL double the range of 2-inch ‘Siva’ pod capable of supersonic System (Rajendra and 3D CAR with the help of BEL scientists mortar without any increase in carriage. respectively) are in production. and other researchers. These weight. Other EW (Electronic Warfare) For the Indian Navy, Maritime improvements include new The Indian Field Gun, a 105 mm field gun, was developed for the Indian Army and is in production. Submerged Signal Ejector cartridges (SSE), limpet mines, short-range anti-submarine rockets (with HE and practice warheads) and the Indian Sea Mine which can be deployed against both ships and submarines are other DRDO initiatives. The DRDO also designed short and medium- range ECM rockets which deploy chaff to decoy away anti-ship homing missiles. For the IAF, DRDO has developed Retarder Tail Units 30 radar data processors for licence include supercomputers for produced signal radars as well as computational flow dynamics, local radar assemblies replacing to dedicated microprocessors. the earlier imported ones. ANURAG under DRDO BEL Weapon Locating Radar is a has developed the PACE+ a 3D radar successfully developed supercomputer for strategic from the Rajendra fire control purposes for supporting its radar for the Akash system. various programmes. 3D Tactical Control Radar is a DRDO has developed a range new programme and is a 90 km of processors and application- ranged system for use by the specific integrated circuits too Indian Army. for its critical projects. Many of Another task of DRDO is to these systems are modular - they develop command and control can be put to repeated use across software and decision-making different projects. tools. The tactical tools for war- The DRDO has been involved in gaming include Shatranj and creating a substantial local design survey data. orders.The Agni-V is the newest Sangram for the Army, Sagar for and development capability Bridge Layer Tank, Amphibious version and has the longest the Navy and Air War software within India, both in the private Floating Bridge and Ferry System, range of up to 5000–6000 km. for the Air Force. All these and public sectors. This policy Arjun Bridge Layer Tank, Sarvatra Launched as a joint venture systems are operational with the has led to several items which Bridge layer are some other between India’s DRDO and respective services. were difficult to obtain or denied DRDO innovations. the Russian NPO, the BrahMos DRDO, along with BEL and to India being manufactured The DRDO has developed programme has been highly private industry has developed in the country. These include a Tatra vehicle-based Mobile successful. several critical C3I (command, components such as radar Decontamination system for The Shaurya missile (Valor) is control, communications and subsystems to components decontamination of personnel, a canister-launched hypersonic intelligence systems) for the necessary for electronic warfare clothing, equipment, vehicles & surface-to-surface tactical armed services. The DRDO and (EW) and other cutting edge terrain during war. missile. BEL have also developed a Battle projects. Today, there are a large DRDO, BEL and the Indian The K-15 Sagarika is a nuclear- Management system for the number of firms in India which Navy have developed and capable submarine-launched Army for its tanks and tactical design and manufacture key productionised a range of ballistic missile belonging to the units. components for DRDO. This helps sonars and related systems K Missile family with a range of DRDO has also developed data it to source a substantial chunk of for the Indian Navy’s frontline 750 km developed at the DRDO’s management and command its procurement locally. combat ships. The Shivalik class missile complex in Hyderabad. and control systems for the DRDO is also working on a slew of frigates contains significant India’s first laser-guided bomb, Navy. Meanwhile, for IAF, the of directed energy weapons DRDO-developed systems. Sudarshan can be fitted to a organization has ensured that (DEWs). LASTEC (Laser Science DRDO labs are also engaged 1000-pound gravity bomb the radar netting and multi- and Technology Centre) under in supporting the Navy’s Naval and can guide it to the target sensor fusion software for linking DRDO has identified DEWs, enterprise wide networking using lasers with a CEP (Circular the IAF’s network of radars and along with space security, cyber- system, a programme to link Error Probability) of 10 metres. airbases have been successfully security and hypersonic vehicles all naval assets together via Garuthmaa & Garudaa are DRDO’s operationalised. Other systems as focus areas in the next 15 years. datalinks, for sharing tactical 1000 kg Glide Bombs. These include sophisticated and highly The aim is to develop laser-based information. are India’s first indigenously complex mission planning and weapons, deployed on airborne Three kinds of mines, processor designed Glide Bomb with a C3I systems for missiles, such as well as seaborne platforms, based mine, moored mine and range of 30 km (Garudaa) to 100 as the Agni and Prithvi ballistic which can intercept missiles soon processor based exercise mine km (Garuthmaa). missiles and the BrahMos cruise after they are launched towards are in production for the Navy. Prahaar is a solid-fueled missile. These systems are India. surface-to-surface guided short- common to all three services. LASTEC is also developing Missiles range tactical ballistic missile DRDO and private industry have several non-lethal systems and The Integrated Guided Missile developed by DRDO of India. joined hands to manufacture lethal systems. Development Programme The long-range Barak 8 air a range of simulators and For tanks, DRDO has developed (IGMDP) was launched by the defence system called LRSAM training devices for the three the FSAPDS for the 125 mm Indian Government to develop by India for both the Indian and services, from entry level tests calibre, meant for India’s T-72 the ability to develop and design the Israeli militaries is being for prospective entrants to the tanks, the 120 mm FSAPDS and a missile locally, and manufacture developed under a tripartite Indian Air Force, to sophisticated HESH rounds for the Arjun tank a range of missile systems for agreement between the DRDO, simulators for fighter aircraft, and 105 mm FSAPDS rounds for the three defence services. The the Indian Navy and the IAI. transports and helicopters, tanks the Army’s Vijayanta and T-55 programme has seen significant The ABM (Anti-Ballistic Missile) and gunnery devices. tanks. success in its two most important project has two missiles — the DRDO’s another product is constituents – the Agni missiles AAD (Advanced Air Defence) and Computing the Armoured Engineering and the Prithvi missiles, while PAD (Prithvi Air Defence) missiles. DRDO has been involved Reconnaissance Vehicle for two other programmes, the DRDO is now also creating in high speed computing for enabling the combat engineers Akash SAM and the anti-tank deadly anti-satellite (ASAT) most defence projects. These to acquire and record terrain Nag Missile have seen significant weapons. 31 A Glance at Tejas Design

ejas is a single-engine total capacity of greater than are planned, the examples built number of parts, including half multirole fighter which 4,000 kg: three stations under to date are crewed by a single the number of fasteners required, Tfeatures a tailless, each wing and one on the under- pilot on a Martin-Baker zero-zero compared to a metallic frame compound delta wing and fuselage centreline. An eighth ejection seat; a locally developed design. The composite design is designed with ‘relaxed offset station beneath the port- ejection seat is planned for future also helped to avoid about 2,000 static stability’ for enhanced side intake trunk can carry a installation. holes being drilled into the manoeuvrability. Originally variety of pods like FLIR, IRST, Tejas is constructed of airframe. Overall, the aircraft’s intended to serve as an air laser rangefinder/designator, as aluminium-lithium alloys, weight is lowered by 21%. superiority aircraft with a can the centreline under-fuselage carbon-fibre composites, and The airframe of the naval secondary ground-attack role, station and inboard pairs of wing titanium alloys. Composite variant will be modified with a its flexibility permits a variety stations. materials make up 45% of the nose droop to provide improved of guided air-to-surface and Auxiliary fuel tanks of 800 and airframe by weight and 95% by view during landing approach, anti-shipping weapons to be 1,200 litres can be carried under surface area. Upper and lower and wing leading–edge vortex integrated for multirole and the fuselage to extend range. wing skins are manufactured controllers (LEVCON) to increase multi-mission capabilities. An aerial refuelling probe on the from a single piece of carbon- lift during approach. The The tailless, compound-delta starboard side of the forward fibre reinforced polymer. Wing LEVCONs are control surfaces platform is designed to be fuselage can further extend spars and ribs are also made that extend from the wing-root small and lightweight. This range and endurance. Rafael’s out of carbon composites. The leading edge and thus afford platform also minimises the Derby fire-and-forget missile will radome is made out of Kevlar, better low-speed handling for control surfaces needed, permits serve as the Tejas’ initial medium while the fin tip is made out of the LCA, which would otherwise carriage of a wider range of range air-air armament. The glass-fibre reinforced plastic. be slightly hampered due to the external stores, and confers Brahmos NG supersonic cruise Composite materials are used increased drag that results from better close-combat, high-speed, missile is also being developed to make an aircraft both lighter its delta-wing design. and high-alpha performance for the Tejas. and stronger at the same time As an added benefit, the characteristics than comparable Stealth features have been compared to an all-metal LEVCONs will also increase cruciform-wing designs. designed into Tejas. Being small design. The tailfin is a monolithic controllability at high angles Extensive wind tunnel testing provides an inherent degree of honeycomb structure piece, of attack (AoA). The naval Tejas on scale models and complex visual stealth, the airframe’s high reducing the manufacturing will also have a strengthened computational fluid dynamics usage of composites (which do cost by 80% compared to the spine, a longer and stronger analyses have optimised the not reflect radar waves), a Y-duct ‘subtractive’ or ‘deductive’ undercarriage, and powered aerodynamic configuration for inlet which shields the engine method, involving the carving nose wheel steering for deck minimum supersonic drag, a low compressor face from probing out of a block of titanium alloy manoeuvrability.The Tejas trainer wing-loading, and high rates of radar waves, and the application by a computerised numerically variant will have ‘aerodynamic roll and pitch. of radar-absorbent material controlled machine. No other commonality’ with the two-seat The maximum payload (RAM) coatings are intended manufacturer is known to have naval aircraft design. capability of Tejas is 4,000 kg. All to minimise its susceptibility to made fins out of a single piece. The Tejas has a night vision weapons are carried on one or detection and tracking. The use of composites resulted goggles (NVG)-compatible “glass more of seven hardpoints with Although two-seat variants in a 40% reduction in the total cockpit”, dominated by an CSIR- 32 33 CSIO domestically-developed developed jointly by Elta and Since the Tejas is a relaxed static seat aircraft in IOC configuration, head-up display (HUD), three 5 HAL. stability design, it is equipped a further 16 in FOC configuration in x 5 in multi-function displays, The electronic warfare suite is with a quadruplex digital fly- and eight twin-seat trainers. IAF two Smart Standby Display Units designed to enhance combat by-wire flight control system to has initiated procurement of a (SSDU), and a “get-you-home” survivability during deep ease pilot handling. The Tejas further 73 single-seat fighters panel providing the pilot with penetration. The EW suite is aerodynamic configuration is in Mk 1A configuration and 10 essential flight informationdeveloped by the Defence based on a pure delta-wing twin-seat trainers with a request in case of an emergency. The Avionics Research Establishment layout with shoulder-mounted for proposal issued to HAL in displays provide information on (DARE) with support from the wings. Its control surfaces are December 2017. The 45 Squadron key flight systems and controls Defence Electronics Research all hydraulically actuated. The (Flying Daggers) is based at Sulur on a need-to-know basis, along Laboratory (DLRL). This EW suite, wing’s outer leading edge Air Force Station, Tamil Nadu. with basic flight and tactical known as Mayavi, includes a radar incorporates three-section slats, Meanwhile, HAL announced data. The pilot interacts with warning receiver (RWR), Missile while the inboard sections have that it will set up a new onboard systems through a Approach Warning (MAW) and additional slats to generate production facility at Nashik in multifunctional keyboard and a Laser warning receiver (LWR) vortex lift over the inner wing Maharashtra by 2020 to increase several selection panels. The system, Infrared & Ultraviolet and high-energy air-flow along its annual output of Tejas. The CSIO-developed HUD, Elbit- Missile warning sensors, self- the tail fin to enhance high-AoA new facility aims to double the furnished DASH helmet-mounted protection jammer, chaff, jaff and stability and prevent departure production of Tejas fighters display and sight (HMDS), and flares dispenser, an electronic from controlled flight. The wing to 16 from 8 per year, said hands-on-throttle-and-stick countermeasures (ECM) suite trailing edge is occupied by HAL Chairman and Managing (HOTAS) controls reduce pilot and a towed radar decoy (TRD). two-segment elevons to provide Director. workload and increase situation Meanwhile, the Indian Ministry pitch and roll control. The only India’s Ministry of Defense awareness by allowing access to of Defence has revealed that an empennage-mounted control (MOD) placed an initial order for navigation and weapon-aiming unspecified number of EW suites surfaces are the single-piece 40 Tejas LCA Mark-I with HAL, information with minimal need had been purchased from Israel’s rudder and two airbrakes located of which 20 Tejas LCA in initial to spend time “head down” in the Elisra for the LCA prototypes. in the upper rear part of the operational configuration have cockpit. Tejas is also to be equippable fuselage, one each on either side been produced so far. They The first 20 production Tejas Mk with an infra-red search and of the fin. include 16 fighters and four 1 is equipped with hybrid version track (IRST) sensor, which can Indian Air Force has ordered 40 trainers. of the EL/M-2032 radar. It features detect and track thermal energy Tejas Mk 1, including 16 single- look-up/look-down/shoot-down emissions. This system shall be modes, low/medium/high pulse pod-based, additional sensor repetition frequencies (PRF), pods are to include drop tanks platform motion compensation, for ferry flight/extended range/ doppler beam-sharpening, loitering time, FLIR targeting moving target indication(MTI), pod, ECM pods, Flares/Infrared Doppler filtering, constant false decoys dispenser pod and chaff alarm rate (CFAR) detection, pod, EO/IR sensor pod, LITENING range-Doppler ambiguity targeting pods, forward resolution, scan conversion, and looking infrared (FLIR) sensor, online diagnostics to identify and a laser designator/laser faulty processor modules. The rangefinder, which can be used Tejas Mk 1A will be equipped in various capacities, including with an improved version of the reconnaissance, training, or EL/M-2052 AESA radar being attack. 34 35 Deep Bonds, Solid Ties

His Excellency Alexandre Ziegler, Ambassador of France to India, speaks about the mainstays that enrich the strategic partnership between the two countries – spanning a wide range of sensitive subjects: the Rafale deal and other aerospace projects, A320 Neos of the Airbus and boom in civil aviation, Scorpene-class and latest generation submarines, Jaitapur civil nuclear power project, space programmes including interplanetary missions to Mars, Venus and asteroids and training future Indian astronauts, maritime security and combating terrorism. He attests to a substantial influx of investments, as French companies fully incorporate the Make in India principle, and reveals plans for promoting skill development for students in the aviation sector and development of satellite telecommunication research, besides an exciting calendar of major events for cultural exchange. Excerpts from the interview:

Alexandre Ziegler Ambassador of France to India

Your Excellency, France and considered India as a crucial exercise, Garuda, which has been As for civil aviation, the India have traditionally enjoyed a partner for stability and security alternately held in France and European company, Airbus, has warm relationship in every sector. in the region. India since 2003. The second an order book of 530 aircraft, How robust is that strategic Both our countries are very mainstay is Indian Air Force’s mostly A320 Neos, (around 3 partnership now? much attached to their strategic consistent use of combat aircraft planes per month since two Ambassador Alexandre autonomy. Our two countries of French origin since the very years, i.e. almost fifteen years of Ziegler: That’s absolutely right. cooperate at par and respect first order in 1953 for Dassault’s deliveries at the current pace). France and India have been each other’s independence Ouragan fighter jets (christened Based on the annual traffic preferred partners since many and sovereignty. It’s perhaps as Toofani in India). The Toofanis growth of 8.1% (as compared to decades. In fact, just last year because of this that our strategic were followed by the Mystère 4.4% globally), Airbus estimates we celebrated 20 years of our partnership is progressing so IV, then the Mirage 2000. All that India’s requirement for strategic partnership. The State well. these aircraft proved to be commercial aircraft could touch visit of President Emmanuel outstanding during the conflicts 1,750 airplanes over the next Macron in March 2018 attests In recent years, cooperation India faced over the past few twenty years. to the vitality of our bilateral in aerospace has been decades. The Mirage 2000s are Apart from this industrial relations and the very high strengthened, especially being completely overhauled partnership, France and India degree of trust between our regarding the purchase of Rafale with latest-generation electronic have signed technological two countries. This is borne fighter jets by India. Could systems and weapons, and will cooperation agreements in the out in our close cooperation you speak on the other major serve India for at least another civil aviation sector. on very sensitive subjects: aerospace projects France and 20 years. Lastly, the inter- The Navies of India and France counter-terrorism, space, cyber India are currently engaged in? governmental contract signed also work closely. One joint security, defence equipment, The Indo-French aerospace in 2016 for the acquisition of 36 programme is the ‘Varuna’ including co-development and cooperation is a longstanding Rafales gave an unprecedented exercise. Tell us about the major transfers of technology, and one. It dates back to the years impetus to our aerospace and ongoing Naval projects in civil nuclear energy. These are following India’s Independence. defence partnership. The first India with France as a partner, fundamental aspects of our It is based on two mainstays that Rafale will be delivered to the especially the Scorpene project, strategic partnership. We also enrich our strategic partnership, Indian Air Force in September which is one of the landmarks in have significant commonality of one operational, the other this year, and I am delighted at the ties between the countries. ambitions for maritime security industrial and technological. the prospect of seeing this plane Just like the one between and cooperation in the Indian The first draws on the excellent in Indian skies soon, contributing our Air Forces, the cooperation Ocean – France is also an IOR cooperation between our to ensuring India’s security. This between our Navies is also country through Reunion Island. respective Air forces, its high will be a source of great pride for longstanding and very active. Further, France has always point being the bilateral France. This, too, is structured around a 36 37 satellites from French Guiana on an important conference on this Ariane 5. Future plans include a subject in April, which sparked joint satellite constellation for unprecedented international maritime domain awareness, mobilisation and gave birth to new breakthrough climate the ‘Paris Coalition’, of which observatory missions, as well as India is a member. We must work joint development of reusable together for its second edition, launch vehicle technologies. which will be organised by ISRO and CNES, our respective Australia in 2019. national space agencies envisage further French participation There are several scientific in the upcoming Indian and technical projects involving interplanetary missions to Mars, French and Indian personnel. bilateral exercise, Varuna, which with regard to laying down the Venus and asteroids. And since Could you reveal the latest will see its next edition in India industrial way forward. The several months now, CNES teams programmes planned in this with the arrival of the French active discussions that took place have been working to support sector? aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle thereafter then enabled EDF ISRO for training and preparing Thank you for mentioning that. in May. Apart from this exercise, to submit a complete techno- future Indian astronauts. We are currently working on our navies maintain an extensive commercial offer to NPCIL on 15th two very specific Indo-French operational cooperation in December. During his India visit, France and India are working networks. The first one will the Indian Ocean. On the Mr Jean-Yves Le Drian, Minister together to combat terrorism. focus on skill development for industrial front, Mazagon Dock of Europe and Foreign Affairs, Could you explain the new students in the aviation sector Shipbuilders Ltd in Mumbai has and his Indian counterpart, programmes in this regard? to promote a more skilled been building six conventional Mrs Sushma Swaraj, noted the Counter-terrorism is one workforce by enhancing students propulsion Scorpene-class progress made since this March of the pillars of our strategic and researchers’ abilities in line submarines under licence and 2018 agreement and chart partnership. We know that with dedicated national missions. in cooperation with the French an action plan along with the in challenging times we can There is a need to create an shipbuilders, Naval Group corporations for the successful count on each other. India has institutional mechanism for (formerly DCNS). The first to be conclusion of the negotiations. expressed its solidarity with us research development and rolled out, the INS Kalvari, was The six EPRs would have a total following the attacks that struck accreditation with the aerospace commissioned in December 2017 production capacity of almost France over the past years. On industry. The second programme during a ceremony presided over 10 GW, which would hence be its part, France has very firmly will work on the development by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. a significant contribution to condemned the terrorist attacks of satellite telecommunication This was a highly symbolical date India’s goal of producing 63 in Jammu and Kashmir, and research for new high- as it coincided with the fiftieth GW of nuclear power by 2030. Punjab, which clearly had cross- performance flexible payloads at anniversary of the Indian Navy’s And it would also be a major border origins. It has been a low costs. submarine arm. India’s second contribution to the target of few weeks since we expressed Scorpene-class submarine, INS producing 40% of its power from our grief on the occasion of the Economic relations between Khanderi, is currently in the non-fossil sources by 2030, in tenth anniversary of the 2008 the two nations are booming process of finishing its sea trials. keeping with its commitments Mumbai terrorist attacks. The with France making significant We expect it to be commissioned made ahead of the 2015 Paris emergence of ISIS in South investments in India. Which areas shortly. Another four remain to Climate Conference. Jaitapur Asia is yet another reason to of trade do you expect maximum be delivered by 2022. As you can will also contribute to Make in strengthen our cooperation on growth in the coming years? see, France adopted the Make India as it involves localization counter-terrorism. French companies have a in India principle even then. of production, transfer of In concrete terms, we have significant presence in India. They With regard to future projects, technology, joint research, and constant and very operational have around 550 subsidiaries with the Naval Group has responded training. exchanges on the threat posed 100 local offices or facilities across to the RFI for Project P-75(I) for by terrorism. We have a bilateral the country, employing over building six latest generation The two countries have an working group that brings 3,50,000 people. This presence submarines with additional active programme in the space together all the actors concerned will grow further in future with a capabilities as compared to the sector also. Could you list some with counter-terrorism as well substantial influx of investments, Scorpene. recent developments? as, inter alia, cooperation on as French companies have fully France and India have been investigations between our incorporated the Make in India France and India are continuous strategic partners respective intervention units principle. cooperating for a civil nuclear in space for over half a century. (GIGN on the French side, and The French companies in India power project too. What are We have recorded outstanding the NSG on the Indian side). And, are active in most sectors of future plans in this sector? success stories over the years, with Prime Minister Modi, we activity – in services, namely The signing of an agreement from French sounding rockets have decided to enhance our computing, information and between NPCIL and EDF for launched in Kerala to jointly cooperation for preventing and communication technologies, the construction of six nuclear developed rocket engines, fighting radicalisation, especially pharmaceuticals, aeronautics, power EPR-type units at Jaitapur, the operational in-orbit Indo- on the internet and social electronics, mechanical and Maharashtra, during President French satellites for climate networks. We will also work more electrical construction, the Macron’s State visit marked monitoring, as well as the to fight against the financing of automobile industry. an important step particularly launch of the heaviest Indian terrorism. France had organised 38 Apply your brilliant thinking to a world-class qualiﬁ cation

The Indian defence and security industry is booming and demand for specialist expertise has never been greater. Cranﬁ eld University’s unique learning environment will give you the skills and experience you need to forge a long and successful career – at home or overseas.

Here’s why: Study for a Cranfi eld Defence and Security MSc in: • Cranfi eld University has established close • Military Vehicle Technology, relationships with Indian industry, forged through • Guided Weapon Systems, collaborative working, research development and • Gun Systems Design, education. • Defence Simulation and Modelling, • Cranfi eld University is a trusted and infl uential • Systems Engineering, partner to the UK Ministry of Defence delivering • Explosive Ordnance Engineering, specialist postgraduate courses at the Defence • Military Aerospace and Airworthiness. Academy of the United Kingdom. • Teaching staff are world leaders with international Come and visit us at Aero India, Bengaluru, reputations in their fi elds. 20-24 Feb 2019, UK Pavilion, Hall A, Pod A3.2, • You’ll be part of a vibrant community of students or contact: and academics, responding to the latest defence T: +44 (0)1793 785400 and security challenges in a mature, postgraduate E: cdsadmissionsoffi ce@cranfi eld.ac.uk environment. www.cranfi eld.ac.uk

39 NITI Aayog fund of Rs. 4,000 cr. for A.I & other technologies: Dr. V.K.Saraswat

aircraft would cost 30 billion dollars and if we include the army and the navy, it would touch 100 billion dollars.”

AMCA should be on a mission-mode Dr. Saraswat said that AMCA (advanced medium combat aircraft) had to be taken up on a mission-mode. The development and production should go hand in hand and the cycle-time to manufacturing had to be reduced considerably.He said the country would be making a big mistake if it did not continue with the LCA MkII project for Dr. Ajay Kumar, Secretary (Defence Production), lighting the lamp at the inauguration of the 12th edition the IAF and also the LCA Navy of Aero India International Seminar (AIS 2019), in Bengaluru on February 18, 2019. The Member, NITI Aayog, variant.” Dr. V.K. Saraswat, the Secretary, Department of Defence Research and Development (DDR&D) and Chairman, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Dr. G. Satheesh Reddy are also seen. Mad rush for small satellites By R.Chandrakanth centres of excellence to develop intensity conflict equipment’. Addressing the gathering With Aviation 4.0 on the horizon, different technologies and it had In a non-contact warfare, we the Chairman of Indian Space India should invest heavily in to be done in reduced cycle-time need to deploy directed energy Research Organisation, Dr. artificial intelligence and other to manufacturing. “We cannot weapons for which there has to K.Sivan said that there is going technologies and this called for afford to have cycle-time of 10 to be substantial contribution from to be a mad rush to launch small galvanising the industry, the 15 years. We need to reduce it to industry, national laboratories satellites. “We will be developing R&D institutions and academia. 5-6 years.” and academia. “Despite all a satellite launcher in mid 2019.” NITI Aayog will fund up to Rs. Dr. Saraswat was delivering the constraints, some imposed by What used to take 72 days, we 4,000 crores for the development inaugural address at the two- the international community, the will do it in 72 hours to integrate of artificial intelligence and day international conference on armed forces have defended our on this small satellite launcher other technologies that will future of aerospace and defence borders exceedingly well with and with just six people working spur aerospace and defence technologies, organised by the equipment that they have on on it, unlike 600 needed on industrial development, said Dr. Defence Research Development their hands.” major satellite programmes. V.K.Saraswat, former Scientific Organisation (DRDO), on the eve ISRO has embarked upon a Adviser to the Minister of of the 12th edition of Aero India Replace aircraft and missiles major expansion programme, Defence and presently member in Bengaluru. Talking about the fleet of the as two mega events – of NITI Aayog. Low intensity conflictIndian Air Force, he said that Chandrayaan-2 and Gaganyaan India has displayed to the equipment needed for the many of the aircraft were over are slated to happen in the near world its capabilities in avionics, armed forces in the background 50 years and they needed to be future. The IAF has started the propulsion and electronics, and of the Pulwana terrorist strike, replaced soon. “There is major process of selecting astronauts not forget space, but there are Dr.Saraswat, called for a major need to build systems to replace for the space mission. huge gaps in sensors, materials push to manufacture and equip aircraft and missiles. The IAF Hypersonics, sensors, UCAVs and devices. NITI would set up 25 the armed forces with ‘low replacement of MiGs and other the future Dr. Satheesh Reddy, Secretary, Department of Defence R&D and Chairman DRDO, laid emphasis on working on emerging frontier areas such as hypersonics, sensors, UAVs, UCAVs etc. The two-day conference would deliberate on key technological developments Dr. V.K. Saraswat Member, NITI Aayog, releasing the souvenir DVD at the inauguration of the 12th edition and how they can be developed of Aero India International Seminar. Secretary (Defence Production), Dr, Ajay Kumar, Chairman, ISRO Dr. in India, if need be with K. Sivan, Chairman, DRDO Dr. G. Satheesh Reddy, the Director General, Aeronautical Systems, Dr. Tessy collaboration. Thomas, President, Aeronautical Society of India Dr. R.K. Tyagi, Director, GTRE, Bengaluru, M.Z. Siddique also seen. 40 41 Tejas: How the Fighter Evolved

The first flight of Tejas took place on January the Indian Parliament that the indigenous 4, 2001 and it was introduced in service content of the Tejas is 59.7% by value and India’s own multi-role light January 17, 2015. 75.5% by number of line replaceable units. fighter HAL Tejas is soaring The Tejas is the second supersonic fighter The origins of Tejas could be traced to high. A look at the aircraft developed by HAL after the HAL HF-24 Marut. 1969, when the Indian government accepted project down the years and The Tejas Mark 1 is in production for the the recommendation by its Aeronautics its unique design features Indian Air Force (IAF) and the naval version is Committee that HAL should design and undergoing flight tests for Indian Navy (IN). develop a fighter aircraft around a proven The projected requirement for the IAF is 200 engine. Based on a ‘Tactical Air Support The Final Operational Clearance (FOC) of single-seat fighters and 20 twin-seat trainers, Aircraft’ ASR markedly similar to that for the the HAL Tejas multi-role light fighter aircraft while the IN expects to operate 40 single- Marut, HAL completed design studies in 1975, developed by Aeronautical Development seat fighters. The first Tejas IAF unit, No. 45 but the project fell through due to inability Agency (ADA) and Hindustan Aeronautics Squadron IAF Flying Daggers was formed on to procure the selected “proven engine” Limited (HAL) is expected any time soon. Tejas July 1, 2016 with two aircraft. Initially being from a foreign manufacturer and the IAF’s is a product of HAL’s Light Combat Aircraft stationed at Bengaluru, the first squadron requirement for an air superiority fighter (LCA) programme, which began in the 1980s will be placed at its home base at Sulur, Tamil with secondary air support and interdiction to replace India’s ageing MiG-21 fighters. In Nadu. capability remained unfulfilled. 2003, the aircraft was officially named ‘Tejas’. The Minister of State for Defence has told In 1983, IAF realised the need for an Indian combat aircraft to replace India’s ageing MiG- 21 fighters, which had been the mainstay of the IAF since the 1970s. The ‘Long Term Re-Equipment Plan 1981’ noted that the MiG-21s would be approaching the end of their service lives by the mid-1990s, and that by 1995, the IAF would lack 40 percent of the aircraft needed to fill its projected force structure requirements. Another aim of the Light Combat Aircraft was an across- the-board advancement of India’s domestic aerospace industry. In 1984, the Indian government established the Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) to manage the LCA programme. The IAF’s Air Staff Requirement for the LCA was not finalised until October 1985. Project definition started in October 1987 with France’s Dassault-Breguet Aviation as 42 43 consultants. Dassault-Breguet were to assist the Tejas had completed the second phase of System, weight increases, reduced internal in the design and systems integration of hot weather trials in an IOC configuration with fuel capacity, non-compliance of fuel system the aircraft. This phase was completed in the weapon system and sensors integrated. protection, forward-facing pilot protection, September 1988. Alongside, sea trials were also conducted. On and reduced speed. Most of these issues are A review committee was formed in May November 19, 2010, LSP-5 with IOC standard expected to be rectified in the future Mk 2 1989 and in 1990, the design was finalised as equipment conducted its flight. version. a small tailless delta winged machine with In December 2009, the government In October 2015, IAF Chief revealed that the relaxed static stability (RSS) and control- sanctioned Rs 8,000 crore to produce the Air Force had ordered 120 (six squadrons) configuration for enhanced manoeuvrability. fighter for the Indian Air Force and Indian of Tejas Mk 1A, triple the 40 aircraft it had Phase 1 commenced in April 1993 and Navy. The Indian Navy has a requirement for previously committed to buying. DRDO comprised the design development 50 Tejas aircraft and the first prototype, NP-1 and HAL promised an improved Tejas Mk 1A and testing (DDT) of two technology was rolled out in July 2010. IAF ordered 20 version. demonstrator aircraft which were named as additional Tejas fighters. In December 2014 In February 2016, LSP-7 test-fired the TD-1 and TD-2. This would be followed by the LCA Navy successfully conducted ski- BVRAAM Derby missile on a BNG (Ballistic the production of two prototype vehicles jump trials at SBTF Goa. Non Guided) mode in Jamnagar as part of its (PV-1 and PV-2). TD-1 flew on January 4, 2001. In November 2010, it was reported that the scheduled weapon trials. These weapon trials FSED Programme Phase-I was successfully Tejas Mk 1 reportedly fell short of the relaxed were as part of the efforts to obtain FOC. The completed in March 2004. Air Staff Requirements. On March 9, 2012, LSP-7 along with LSP-4 were part of Indian Phase 2 commenced in November 2001 LSP-7 conducted its flight from HAL airport. flying assets at the Bahrain International Air and consisted of the manufacturing of three The Naval LCA made its first flight on April 27, Show (BIAS-2016). more prototype vehicles (PV-3, PV-4 and 2012. On November 7, 2016, India’s Defence PV-5), leading to the development of the On June 27, 2012, three Tejas (LSP 2, 3 and 5) Minister approved procurement of 83 Tejas final variant that would join the Indian Air aircraft completed precision bombing runs for the IAF, at a cost of Rs 50,025 crore. Force (IAF) and the Indian Navy and eight in the desert of Rajasthan, having deployed In December 2016, though the Indian Navy Limited Series Production (LSP) aircraft, and laser-guided 1,000 lb bombs and unguided announced that the fighter is overweight and establishment of infrastructure for producing bombs. will look for other alternatives, it later issued eight aircraft per year. LSP 8 had a successful test flight on March 31, an RFI for 57 naval multirole fighters. In March 2005, the IAF placed an order for 2013. On November 8, 2014, PV-6(KH-T2010), a On May 12, 2017, Tejas successfully 20 aircraft, with a similar purchase of another trainer variant, completed its first test flight. demonstrated an Air-to-Air Beyond Visual 20 aircraft to follow. In December 2006, a Out of a total of 35 major avionics Range (BVR) missile firing capability by 14-member ‘LCA Induction Team’ was formed components and line-replaceable units (LRUs) releasing Derby Air-to-Air BVR missile in at Bengaluru to prepare the Tejas for service of Tejas, only three involve foreign systems RADAR guided mode at the Interim Test and assist with its induction into service. On January 10, 2011, IOC, allowing IAF pilots Range, Chandipur in Odisha. On April 25, 2007, the first Limited Series to fly the Tejas, was awarded by the Defence The IAF listed some deficiencies found on Production (LSP-1) Tejas performed its maiden Minister to Chief of Air Staff. the Tejas LCA Mark-I variant in 2017. These flight, achieving a speed of Mach 1.1 (1,347.5 The FOC campaign began in December drawbacks were to be addressed in the later km per hour). The Tejas completed 1,000 test 2013, with three aircraft from Tejas flight-line variants of the aircraft, which will include 43 flights and over 530 hours of flight testing by successfully completing advanced weapon improvements over the existing version. January 22, 2009. In 2009, a Tejas achieved a trials. The campaign was held in Jamnagar. HAL CMD said that the company delivered speed of over 1,350 km per hour during sea New weapons were integrated on the aircraft. five Tejas as of November 19, 2017, which have level flight trials at INS Hansa, Goa. Tejas received IOC-II clearance on January 17, made more than 600 flights. On June 16, 2008, LSP-2 made its first 2015. In February 2018, refuelling of Tejas with the flight. In November 2009, the trainer variant In May 2015, the Mk 1 aircraft was criticized engine running —known as ‘hot refuelling’ — prototype took to the skies. On April 23, 2010, by the Comptroller and Auditor General of was carried out. LSP-3 flew with a hybrid version of the Elta EL/ India (CAG) for not meeting IAF requirements, In September 2018, Tejas successfully M-2032 multi-mode radar; in June 2010, LSP-4 such as a lack of a two-seat trainer, electronic completed the trials for mid-air refuelling, took its first flight in an IAF Initial Operating warfare capabilities, the Radar Warning which is one of the key items required for the Clearance (IOC) configuration. By June 2010, Receiver/Counter Measure Dispensing aircraft to obtain FOC Clearance.

AEROSPACE & DEFENCE DIRECTORY 2019 - 20

The Largest Compendium on Indian Aerospace & Defence Industries with Profile and Product details of more than 1500 Companies.

Contact : Email : [email protected] | [email protected] Tel : +91 9448447509 | + 91 9480551925 | +91 80 43747492

44 Ordnance Factory Board Complete Combat Solution Provider te for chu MIG ra - 2 a 9 P e k a r

Brak 9 e P - 2 a G ra I c h M r u o t f e

e Visit us at o

Stall No. S h

U c

E 2.11 - r

o c f

h e u t

[email protected] [email protected] K M Float www.ofbindia.gov.in

45 46 47 Surpassing Boundaries in Space

IAI's Proven Space Programs Tailored to Your Special Needs Meet us at AERO INDIA 2019 Hall B: B2.1, B2.2 • The OPTSAT, EROS, OFEQ optical observation satellite series and TECSAR SAR imaging satellite series provide top-notch performance and excellent image quality.

• A series of small optical observation satellites, complementing IAI's top-notch satellites series, delivering high performance and designated for constellations (short revisit time) at a low cost.

• The scientific/research satellites (such as Venus, Shalom, BGUSAT, SpaceIL moon lander, UltrSAT) complement IAI's satellites series with amazing capabilities and useful contribution for their users.

• IAI provides comprehensive turnkey solutions, including ground stations, mission centers, launch, and related services. www.iai.co.il • [email protected] 48