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Study of Relationship Between Gout and Infection with Various Kinds of Renal Stones in Some Biochemical Variables

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Study of Relationship Between Gout and Infection with Various Kinds of Renal Stones in Some Biochemical Variables EurAsian Journal of BioSciences Eurasia J Biosci 14, 3847-3854 (2020) Study of relationship between gout and infection with various kinds of renal stones in some biochemical variables Muna H. Jankeer 1*, Huda Y. Al-Attar 1 1 Sciences College, Biology Department, Mosul University, Mosul, IRAQ *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between Biochemical variables which are considered an indicator to kidneys function with uric acid concentration in patients with gout and various kinds of renal stones. This study was included 76 patients (42 males & 34 females) infected in gout and various kinds of renal stones, whose ages ranged (15-75) years, attending to Al-Salam Teaching Hospital and the special laboratories in Mosul city, the patients whose cases were diagnosed by the specialist physicians. Moreover, 50 healthy of both sexes with the same ages of patients were used a control for comparison. The results showed a significant increase in concentration of each of uric acid, urea, and creatinine, associated with a significant decrease in conc. of each of the total protein, albumin, and calcium but showed non-significant decrease in conc. of globulin in compared with control. The results also showed existing of a strong (+) relationship between conc. of uric acid and conc. of each one of urea and creatinine in the male patients, but that relationship was found strong (+) between conc. of uric acid, and conc. of each one of total protein, and albumin was found with the female patients. While, rest of the studied Biochemical variables showed no relationship between them and uric acid. In this study, 90 stones were collected from those patients after surgical operations, or after dropping of the stone with the urine involuntarily, so the results showed that the high ratio of the infection with pure calcium oxalate stones at 23.3%, stone of pure uric acid at % 17.9, cystine stones at 15.6%, stones mixed with each of calcium oxalate and uric acid, stones mixed with pure calcium and calcium oxalate at the ratio of 10%, then the ratio of the stones composed of pure calcium reached 6.7%. We concluded that infection with gout and increasing conc. of uric acid led to infect in uric acid stones and other kinds of stones indicating to existing of metabolic dysfunction in the kidneys and urinary system. Keywords: gout, renal stones, uric acid, biochemical variables Jankeer MH, Al-Attar HY (2020) Study of relationship between gout and infection with various kinds of renal stones in some biochemical variables. Eurasia J Biosci 14: 3847-3854. © 2020 Jankeer and Al-Attar This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. INTRODUCTION in the serum helps in its diagnosis, whereas in the natural position uric acid is solved in the blood and Gout (king's disease) is considered a chronic disease excreted from the body through the urine excretion, but the most common one in what is called crystal arthritis, when its conc. increases more than normal rang, it leads whereas it causes the males usually, thus they are more to hyperuricemia in blood, gout is Infected in (Siagal & subject to be caused in it, and the females are subject to Agrawal, 2015). One of the most important reasons for be caused in it after menopause. (Virsaladze et al., its increasing in the blood is known through decreasing 2007; Benjamin et al,2008; Klipple et al.,2008). Gout is the ability of the body to secret it through the urine and caused by increasing in conc. of uric acid in the blood increasing the metabolism of the nucleic acids, causing serum of human being as a result of disorder purine its accumulation in the body tissues, also increasing metabolism, that is considered as the final product for which is taking place in the consumption of foods that the purine catabolism which share with nucleic acids are rich with the purines (like red meats and sea foods) component in liver, then excreted out of the body in the which change to uric acid and increasing of its urine (Choi et al., 2005; Nelson & Cox 2013; Saigal & composition in the body for physiological or hereditary Agrawal, 2015; Alosami et al.,2019). Uric acid is considered of non-enzymatic antioxidants, and more than half of the antioxidants in the blood coming and Received: August 2019 producing from it (Heining & Jahnson, 2006). And it is Accepted: March 2020 considered as a basic indicator of gout, and its existing Printed: September 2020 3847 EurAsian Journal of BioSciences 14: 3847-3854 (2020) Jankeer and Al-Attar reasons (Klipple et al., 2008). The high levels of uric acid Table 1. The methods used for estimating the number of in blood lead to deposition in tissues in form of crystals biochemical variables in present study Measured biochemical Method used Reference sodium urate salts, that cause arthritis especially on parameters thumb, toe, or joints (Choi et al., 2005; Virsaladze et al., Urease enzymatic Uric acid conc. Newman & Price, 1999 2007). method Urea conc. Enzymatic method Fawcett & Soctt, 1960 Renal diseases (Nephritis) happens as a result of the Creatinine conc. Colorimetertic method Tietz, 1999 renal filtration rate decrease of the uric acid because of Total protein conc. Biuret method Gornall et al., 1949 Bromocresol green Albumin conc. Doumans et al., 1971 the renal failure. Therefore, stones of the uric acid are method the most spreading in the males associating usually the According to the gout representing (5-10) % of the stones approximately Globulin conc. following law: Richteich, 1969 Total protein – albumin (Marchini et al., 2013; Cary & Curhan, 2017). Renal Moorehead & Briggs, Calcium conc. Colorimetertic method 1974 stones disease is considered one of the most common diseases that causes the urinary system in the males and females, whereas its spreading in the males more same age, after being sure of being not Infected in any than the females. (Khurshide & Sharif., 2017). The case that effects on the results of the studied stones are deposits formed in the kidney in form of micro Biochemical variables. particles resulting from crystallization of some urine Biochemical Tests of Blood Serum components which in some natural cases are being The vein blood specimens were collected from the solved in it. Many cofactors are working collectively or healthy and patients, and the blood was isolated to separately collaborate to prepare the circumstances for obtain the serum for estimation the conc. of some composing the nidus (Stoller, 2004). Renal stones differ Biochemical variables by using methods of estimation in their sizes, and forms to be round, quinary, sinous, referred to in Table 1, as a number of ready test were coarse, and the camel's horn. (Cavendish, 2008). used from international companies such as French Various kinds of stones are composed in the body of the Biolabo company and BioMerierax company to estimate human being, the most common of which in the world the conc. of those studied variables. are the four kinds namely, calcium stones or often that Collection of Renal Stones Specimens related to the calcium oxalate or with phosphate as Ninety stones were collected from those patients calcium phosphate, whereas those stones appear as a after surgical operations were made or when those result of defect in the metabolism each of calcium and stones were dropped involuntarily with urine, then each phosphate in the body and hypercalcemia and high and stone was put in a sterile bottle washed with the distilled oxalate conc. in the urine (Moe, 2006), then uric acid and sterile water twice, then dried with 37°C for 12 hours stones, reasons of their composition were mentioned and pounded by using the mortar to obtain its powder, previously, cysteine stones and struvite stones. Thus, then the quality of each stone was limited by using the their spreading out increased continuously in the 20th stone analysis equipment from the French Biolabo century all. (Tamsaitye et al., 2013) company depending on the specific chemical method. Aim of this study: (Winer et al., 1943, Winer, 1959). Investigate the relationship between the Biochemical Statistical Analysis variables that are considered an indicator to kidney Results were analyzed statistically by using program function with conc. of uric acid in the patients with gout ready (SPSS) version 19 for window, whereas T. test and various kinds of renal stones, through introducing to was used for showing the difference between two the relationship between conc. of the uric acid and groups at the probability level (P≤ 0.001and P ≤ 0.05), changes occurring in conc. of proteins and the moreover for finding the linear correlation coefficient to nitrogenous compounds (urea, creatinine, and uric acid) find the relationship between the uric acid and the in serum of those patients. studied Biochemical variables of the patients. (Kik wood, 1988). MATERALS AND METHODS Collection of Specimens RESULT AND DISCUSSION The current study included 76 patients suffering from 1. Relationship of Gout Infection with Sex and gout and various kinds of renal stones form both sexes Age (42 males, and 34 females), whose ages ranged (15-75) The results in Table 2 showed that the ratio of gout years, attending to Al-Salam Teaching Hospital and the infection and various kinds of renal stones male cases special laboratories in Mosul city, those patients after, was higher than that of the female cases, whereas it was tested by the diagnosticians, after their Infection was with males 43%, but with females was 18% in gout. confirmed with renal stones depending on X-ray, Thus, these results are agreed with the findings of Ultrasound ray, and general urine examination.
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