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International Forum on Gender and Religion in China: a Dialogue Between Texts and Contexts International Forum on Gender and Religion in China: A Dialogue between Texts and Contexts December 18-19, 2015 (Fri to Sat) 國際學術研討會：性別與中國宗教—文本與處境的對話 2015 年 12 月 18 日至 19 日 (五至六) Venue: Room 220, Faculty Board Room, Fung King Hey Building, Faculty of Arts, the Chinese University of Hong Kong 地點：香港中文大學文學院 馮景禧樓二樓學術會議室 The Conference will be conducted in English 會議將以英文進行 International Forum on Gender and Religion in China: A Dialogue between Texts and Contexts 2015, CUHK P. 1 Forum Schedule Day 1 : 18 December, 2015 (Friday) 09:00-9:30 Registration 09:30-9:35 Opening Remarks Session 1: State, Women and Religion Moderator and discussant: Prof. Wai Ching Angela WONG, Chinese University of Hong Kong 1.1 Women’s rights, Nationalism and Religion in Republican China (20 mins) 09:35-10:35 Elena VALUSSI, Loyola University Chicago 1.2 Female Sexuality in Communist Anti-Superstition Propaganda, 1944 - 1945 (20 mins) Xiaofei KANG, George Washington University Discussant (5 mins) Open Discussion (15 mins) 10:35-11:00 ~~~ TEA BREAK ~~~ Session 2: Women’s Sphere/Space & Agency Moderator and discussant: Dr. CHOW Wai Yin, Chinese University of Hong Kong 2.1 Beyond the Boundary of Home: Religion, Space and Women in Hong Kong (20 mins) 11:00~12: 00 Wai Ching Angela WONG, Chinese University of Hong Kong 2.2 The Silent Hat: Islam, Female Labour, and the Political Economy of the “Headscarf Debate” (20 mins) Guangtian HA, University of London Discussant (5 mins) Open Discussion (15 mins) 12:00-12:25 Photo-taking (Entrance of Fung King Hey Building) ~~~ LUNCH ~~~ 12:30-13:40 Venue: Benjamin Franklin Centre Staff Canteen 范克廉樓教職員餐廳 Session 3: Marriage and Family Moderator and discussant: Prof. CHOI Po King, Chinese University of Hong Kong 13:45~14:45 3.1 Rethinking the Religious Reproduction of Mothering (20 mins) Weishan HUANG, Chinese University of Hong Kong International Forum on Gender and Religion in China: A Dialogue between Texts and Contexts 2015, CUHK P. 2 3.2 Practicing Religion in Marriage: Cases from the Qing (20 mins) Weijing LU, University of California, San Diego / Hong Kong Baptist University Discussant (5 mins) Open Discussion (10 mins) 14:45-14:55 ~~~ BREAK ~~~ Session 4: Women’s Leadership in Religious Organization Moderator and discussant: Prof. CHEUNG Tak Ching, Neky, University of Macau 4.1 From Miserable Patient to Ambitious Organizers --- The role of Women in the Birth of a New Religion (20 mins) 14:55-15:55 Lizhu FAN, Fudan University 4.2 Catholic Women in the Hong Kong Church: Negotiating their Roles as Leaders and Faithful Believers (20 mins) Mary Mee-Yin YUEN, Chinese University of Hong Kong Discussant (5 mins) Open Discussion (15 mins) 15:55-16:20 ~~~ TEA BREAK ~~~ Session 5: Women and Spiritual Practices Moderator and discussant: Dr. TONG Sau Lin, Chinese University of Hong Kong 5.1 Women in Prayer: Praying for Blessed Happiness in Contemporary Shanghai (20 mins) 16:20-17:20 Anna SUN, Kenyon College 5.2 Home or Monasticism: Reconsidering the Religious Practice and Praxis of Minnan Caigu (20 mins) Presented in Chinese LIN Mei-rong, Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica Discussant (5 mins) Open Discussion (15 mins) 17:30-19:00 ~~~CONFERENCE DINNER~~~ At The Harmony 和聲滬軒 (Lee Woo Sing College ) International Forum on Gender and Religion in China: A Dialogue between Texts and Contexts 2015, CUHK P. 3 Day 2 : 19 December, 2015 (Saturday) Session 6: Women in Ritual Moderator and Discussant: Prof. LAI Chi Tim, Chinese University of Hong Kong 6.1 The Blood Lake Complex: A Research Proposal (20 mins) YANG Der-Ruey, Nanjing University 09:00-10:00 6.2 Cáo É, the Filial Water Goddess: Gender and Text in the Promotion of a Two- Thousand-Year-Old Cult (20 mins) Robin D.S. YATES, McGill University Discussant (5 mins) Open Discussion (15 mins) 10:00-10:15 ~~~ TEA BREAK ~~~ Session 7: Gender in Chinese Religious Classics Moderator and Discussant: Prof. MAN Kit Wah, Eva, Baptist University of Hong Kong 7.1 Women and Gender in the Book of Changes (20 mins) Jinhua JIA, University of Macau 7.2 Inner Sage Outer Sex: 10:15-11:45 Genuine Pretending and Gender Neutrality in the Zhuangzi (20 mins) Hans-Georg MOELLER, University of Macau Paul J. D'AMBROSIO, East China Normal University 7.3 Gendering Biographies: Epitaphs for Tang State Masters Ruyuan and Huiguo (20 mins) Ping YAO, California State University, Los Angeles Discussant (8 mins) Open Discussion (22 mins) 11:45-12:00 ~~~ TEA BREAK ~~~ 12:00-12:30 Plenary Session ~~~ LUNCH ~~~ 12:45-13:45 Venue: Chung Chi College Staff Club Restaurant 崇基學院教職員聯誼會會所 International Forum on Gender and Religion in China: A Dialogue between Texts and Contexts 2015, CUHK P. 4 Abstracts Session 1: State, Women and Religion Moderator and discussant: Prof. Wai Ching Angela WONG, Chinese University of Hong Kong 1.1 Women’s rights, Nationalism and Religion in Republican China Elena VALUSSI, Loyola University Chicago, US In this paper I wish to discuss the relationship between gender and religion in the Republican Period, through the analysis of newspapers articles, written by men and women. Other scholars have successfully shown that the discourse on women’s equality and women’s rights, that had been introduced mainly from Western and Japanese sources, was utilized in China to support a nationalist response to outside threats. Strong and independent women were seen as the symbol of a strong and independent China. Less analyzed is how religious discourse also used this nationalistic representation of women in its assessment and discussion of female ability to reach transcendence, spiritual liberation, or nirvana. My findings will bring a new, religious perspective to the debate over women’s rights and nationalism in Republican China. 1.2 Female Sexuality in Communist Anti-Superstition Propaganda, 1944 - 1945 (20 mins) Xiaofei KANG, George Washington University, US Part of a larger project on gender and religion in the Chinese Communist Revolution, this paper explores the changing narratives of female sexuality in Communist anti-superstition propaganda in 1944-1945. In particular, it examines popular plays and stories created by Communist cultural workers, propaganda troupes and reformed folk storytellers in Yan’an. The paper addresses the following questions: What kind of gender vocabularies and imageries do the narratives of these stories and plays use and for what purposes? How do we contextualize the gender-laden narratives of these plays and stories in the overall party propaganda agenda of this time, in the aftermath of the Rectification Movement, when the party-state implemented a wide range of ideological, institutional, and cultural programs for the sake of a total transformation of Chinese society? In what ways does a gendered understanding of these narratives shed new light on the Communist reconstruction of Chinese religion in the twentieth-century revolution? The paper argues for a critical transformation in CCP’s approach to “superstitions” in late Yan’an years: while these anti-superstition plays and stories still followed the May Fourth iconoclastic rhetoric and aimed at reforming old customs with science, their popularity still relied heavily on traditional narratives of female sexuality, which were intrinsically connected with “feudal superstition.” The importance of these stories soon faded in the party propaganda, as female body and female sexuality became more useful propaganda tools to establish a new national myth about the party and the cult of Mao. Gendered representations of superstition in the propaganda stories of this period offer important insights into this transformation. International Forum on Gender and Religion in China: A Dialogue between Texts and Contexts 2015, CUHK P. 5 Session 2: Women’s Sphere/Space & Agency Moderator and discussant: Dr. CHOW Wai Yin, Chinese University of Hong Kong 2.1 Beyond the Boundary of Home: Religion, Space and Women in Hong Kong Wai Ching Angela WONG, Chinese University of Hong Kong According to Mircea Eliade, religion is primarily structured on a sacred time and space set aside from that of the profane. Such religious space is constituted not only psychologically but also physically. Some of the most conspicuous visual representatives include the Greco-Roman Parthenon, the Byzantine Basilicas, the Islam Mosques, the Chinese temples and local ancestral halls, etc. Unfortunately, despite the transcendent quality of the religious spaces, many of them are also gender segregated. Women have either been confined to secluded quarters of worship halls or have been inhibited from admission completely. Recently, increased academic attention has been made to engender space not only in the division between the private and the public but also that women have utilized their everyday life space for religious appeal. Caroline Bynum’s study of women’s use of the kitchen and food preparation room in the medieval times has successfully made the case. Studies of the life of religious women in abbeys and nunneries, in history as well as the contemporary, have also suggested that women religious, whether of the East or the West, have turned the originally gender secluded space of many religious institutions into an alternative space of relative autonomy. Built on the self-narratives of women in Christianity, Buddhism, Daoism and Islam in Hong Kong, I shall examine the various forms of spatial recreation by religious women across the four traditions and in/out of their highly urbanized homes. Due to the much constrained gender roles and place in the Chinese family, I shall argue that religion, both in terms of Lefebvre’s representation of space (spiritually and ideologically) and representational space (institution and architecture), has been one of the major sites for the production of women’s space as a legitimate and “safe” alternative to explore them-selves. As one woman interviewee reports, it is only in the religious space that “I find my ‘real’ life.” 2.2 The Silent Hat: Islam, Female Labour, and the Political Economy of the “Headscarf Debate” Guangtian HA, University of London, UK From Turkey to France, from Tunisia to Germany, the issue of Muslim women’s “veil” has provoked an enormous amount of political debate and academic discussion.
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