2.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT Olympic Peninsula Landscapes, And
Chapter 2.1 Natural Environment Page 2.1-1 2.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT Olympic Peninsula landscapes, and the region’s flora and fauna, have been shaped by the geology and climatic history of the region. The landscapes have been reworked by the persistent, long-term action of gradual environmental changes such as glaciation and mountain-building. They have responded to erratic, catastrophic events, such as major floods, fires, and the breaching of glacial lakes. And they evidence the pervasive effects of human influences. The wildlife and plantlife of the peninsula reflect this long, complex, and significantly altered character. This section discusses the many factors that define the current condition of the natural environment of WRIA 18. This is a diverse area with important differences across its full extent. Consequently, the discussion below contains some information that is generally applicable to the entire planning area. In addition, much work has been done in specific areas within WRIA 18 that makes it possible to present more detailed information relating to portions of the WRIA, especially in distinguishing between East WRIA 18 and West WRIA 18. Where possible and appropriate, information here is presented separately for these eastern and western portions. 2.1.1 Geography West WRIA 18 – Elwha Morse Planning Area West WRIA 18 (WRIA 18W) includes, on the west, the Elwha River and its tributaries, Morse Creek on the east, and the smaller, urban drainages between, including Dry, Tumwater, Valley, Peabody, White, Ennis, and Lees creeks. The headwaters of the Elwha River and Morse Creek lie in the Olympic Mountains. The smaller streams originate in foothills to the north of the main Olympic range and along the northern boundary of Olympic National Park.
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